Nanotechnological approaches for efficient N2B delivery: from small-molecule drugs to biopharmaceuticals

• Selin Akpinar Adscheid,
• Akif E. Türeli,
• Nazende Günday-Türeli and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1400–1414, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.113

• neutralizing the tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand on the surfaces of polymeric NPs and NLCs for the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. The in vivo studies in a mouse model showed that polymeric NPs and NLCs reached the brain via N2B delivery. They also showed that the adsorption of the

Various CVD-grown ZnO nanostructures for nanodevices and interdisciplinary applications

• The-Long Phan,
• Le Viet Cuong,
• Vu Dinh Lam and
• Ngoc Toan Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1390–1399, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.112

• ⟩ direction [39]. Top and bottom sides/surfaces of these structures are terminated with Zn and O atoms forming positively charged Zn-terminated (0001) and negatively charged O-terminated planes, respectively. Such 1D-type structures have many potential applications in optoelectronic devices [5][39][40

A biomimetic approach towards a universal slippery liquid infused surface coating

• Ryan A. Faase,
• Madeleine H. Hummel,
• AnneMarie V. Hasbrook,
• Andrew P. Carpenter and
• Joe E. Baio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1376–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.111

• surface coatings based on the slick surfaces of carnivorous pitcher plants (Nepenthes), termed slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS). This study introduces a simplified method to produce SLIPS using a polydopamine (PDA) anchor layer, inspired by mussel adhesion. SLIPS layers were formed on

• omniphobic. Keywords: biocompatibility; biomimetic; blood-contacting; hemocompatibility; non-fouling; Introduction Clot formation and the overall compatibility of artificial materials within the body remains a common complication of blood contacting surfaces [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8]. A critical hurdle in

• biomimetic approach to surface passivation involves a series of surface coatings based on the slick surfaces of carnivorous pitcher plants (Nepenthes), termed slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) [4]. When wetted, the slippery surfaces on the plant cause prey to slide into the bottom of the

Out-of-plane polarization induces a picosecond photoresponse in rhombohedral stacked bilayer WSe₂

• Guixian Liu,
• Yufan Wang,
• Zhoujuan Xu,
• Zhouxiaosong Zeng,
• Lanyu Huang,
• Cuihuan Ge and
• Xiao Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1362–1368, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.109

• photodetectors. Keywords: broken inversion symmetry; out-of-plane polarization; picosecond photoresponse; time-resolved photocurrent measurement (TRPC); WSe2; Introduction Two-dimensional (2D) van der Waals (vdW) ferroelectrics with dangling-bond-free surfaces exhibit ferroelectricity by effectively resisting

Hymenoptera and biomimetic surfaces: insights and innovations

• Vinicius Marques Lopez,
• Carlo Polidori and
• Rhainer Guillermo Ferreira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1333–1352, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.107

• extraordinary adaptations that Hymenoptera (sawflies, wasps, ants, and bees) exhibit on their body surfaces has long intrigued biologists. These adaptations, which enabled the immense success of these insects in a wide range of environments and habitats, include an amazing array of specialized structures

• surfaces. We highlight recent advancements and outline potential strategic pathways, evaluating their current functions and applications while suggesting promising avenues for further investigations. By studying these fascinating and biologically diverse insects, researchers could develop innovative

• materials and devices that replicate the efficiency and functionality of insect body structures, driving progress in medical technology, robotics, environmental monitoring, and beyond. Keywords: arthropods; bio-inspired surfaces; bioengineering; cuticle; nanoscale structures; Introduction The body

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• environments or functional groups [3]. Surfactants bind to metal surfaces and create a stable colloidal solution by preventing the nanoparticles from aggregation or clustering [4]. CTAB is a widely used cationic surfactant that provides nanoparticle ionic stability and anisotropy [5]. Although CTAB delivers

• to confirm the peak value of the compound. The supernatants of centrifuged CTAB-capped nanoparticles were used for CTAB quantification. Stability of CTAB-capped metal nanoparticles in NaCl and NaOH solutions In order to determine the ability and functionality of CTAB on metal nanoparticle surfaces

• synthesized using wet chemical reduction, as shown in Figure 1a. A unique feature of CTAB is its robust and selective binding to certain crystal facets of metal surfaces that define the growth and nucleation of nanoparticles. CTAB on metal surfaces plays a key role in nanoparticle stabilization but hinders

Interaction of graphene oxide with tannic acid: computational modeling and toxicity mitigation in C. elegans

• Romana Petry,
• James M. de Almeida,
• Francine Côa,
• Felipe Crasto de Lima,
• Diego Stéfani T. Martinez and
• Adalberto Fazzio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1297–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.105

• modeling, including reactive classical molecular dynamics and ab initio calculations, we reveal that TA preferentially binds to the most reactive sites on GO surfaces via the oxygen-containing groups or the carbon matrix; van der Waals interaction forces dominate the binding energy. TA exhibits a dose

• in hydrogen bonding as well as hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions; also, they are responsible for TA’s high solubility, reactivity to metal cations, binding capacity to molecules and surfaces, and significant reducing and radical scavenging properties [19][21][22][23][24]. This range of

• surfaces via oxygen-containing functional groups, resulting in enhanced binding energies. Nevertheless, the adsorption of TA also involves weaker interactions mediated by the carbon framework. DFT calculations using Fukui functions demonstrated that TA interacts with the most reactive sites of GO, and van

New design of operational MEMS bridges for measurements of properties of FEBID-based nanostructures

• Bartosz Pruchnik,
• Krzysztof Kwoka,
• Ewelina Gacka,
• Dominik Badura,
• Piotr Kunicki,
• Andrzej Sierakowski,
• Paweł Janus,
• Tomasz Piasecki and
• Teodor Gotszalk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1273–1282, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.103

• thermal expansion multiphysics module. The following constraints were imposed: no displacement and no heat sink on the substrate surfaces. Heat sources were defined on the actuation paths as temperature sources of alternating temperatures. The heat source temperature was 293 K (given by the experimental

Functional morphology of cleaning devices in the damselfly Ischnura elegans (Odonata, Coenagrionidae)

• Silvana Piersanti,
• Gianandrea Salerno,
• Wencke Krings,
• Stanislav Gorb and
• Manuela Rebora

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1260–1272, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.102

• Abstract Among the different micro- and nanostructures located on cuticular surfaces, grooming devices represent fundamental tools for insect survival. The present study describes the grooming microstructures of the damselfly Ischnura elegans (Odonata, Coenagrionidae) at the adult stage. These structures

• represent a starting point to develop advanced biomimetic cleaning tools. Keywords: antennae; cuticle; eyes; grooming; legs; resilin; Introduction Self-grooming, defined as any behavior related to the maintenance and care of body surfaces, is an innate behavior found across a wide range of animal species

• hairs, while the soft tips ensure effective contact between the attachment system and the substrate. Similarly, the material gradient in grooming devices may enhance adhesion to foreign materials for grooming body surfaces. The soft tip and soft lateral cuticular lamina adapt to various surface

Dual-functionalized architecture enables stable and tumor cell-specific SiO₂NPs in complex biological fluids

• Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro,
• Raquel Frenedoso da Silva,
• Romênia Ramos Domingues,
• Adriana Franco Paes Leme and
• Mateus Borba Cardoso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1238–1252, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.100

• hemolytic activity was observed, even for the non-functionalized NPs (Figure 3b). According to the literature [51][52], the protein corona suppresses hemolytic activity, as proteins induce modifications on the surfaces of NPs, altering the interactions between NPs and blood cells. When the functionalized

Realizing active targeting in cancer nanomedicine with ultrasmall nanoparticles

• André F. Lima,
• Giselle Z. Justo and
• Alioscka A. Sousa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1208–1226, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.98

• polysiloxane NPs (AGuIX®) targeted with full-length antibodies against the B-cell maturation antigen (BCMA), which is almost exclusively present on the surfaces of mature B cells [149]. In addition, BCMA overexpression and activation are associated with multiple myeloma (MM), highlighting its potential as a

Introducing third-generation periodic table descriptors for nano-qRASTR modeling of zebrafish toxicity of metal oxide nanoparticles

• Supratik Kar and
• Siyun Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1142–1152, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.93

• alternative, more detrimental cellular uptake pathways or provoke harmful responses by accumulating on cell surfaces. Such MONPs might also elevate oxidative stress by triggering the production of reactive oxygen species, which damage cellular components. They can obstruct vital biological processes and

Photocatalytic methane oxidation over a TiO₂/SiNWs p–n junction catalyst at room temperature

• Qui Thanh Hoai Ta,
• Luan Minh Nguyen,
• Ngoc Hoi Nguyen,
• Phan Khanh Thinh Nguyen and
• Dai Hai Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1132–1141, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.92

• deposition on catalyst surfaces [4][5][6][7]. Therefore, sustainable strategies for both green conversion and atmospheric removal of CH4 are urgently necessary [8][9][10][11]. Semiconductor-based photocatalysis has been attracting scientists’ attention because of its environmental friendliness and easy

• that the superior wettability of TiO2/SiNWs (hydrophilic surfaces) compared to TiO2/glass (hydrophobic surfaces) enables partial adsorption of water molecules, which facilitates the generation of radicals necessary for photocatalytic reactions. Furthermore, the TiO2 nanostructure and p-type SiNWs are

Local work function on graphene nanoribbons

• Daniel Rothhardt,
• Amina Kimouche,
• Tillmann Klamroth and
• Regina Hoffmann-Vogel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1125–1131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.91

• exotic nature of the charge carriers and to local confinement as well as atomic-scale structural details. The local work function provides evidence for such structural, electronic, and chemical variations at surfaces. Kelvin prove force microscopy can be used to measure the local contact potential

• surfaces, all related to charge differences; for a review, see [14]. Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM), a method derived from scanning force microscopy (SFM), allows one to study the local work function difference of a sample with great accuracy and with atomic resolution [15][16][17][18][19][20]. In

• acquisition [21][22]. In this way, an image of the local contact potential difference between tip and sample is obtained. This has been shown not only for general surfaces, for example, insulating surfaces, but also for molecules and molecular layers [18][23][24][25]. Here, we study the local work function

Direct electron beam writing of silver using a β-diketonate precursor: first insights

• Katja Höflich,
• Krzysztof Maćkosz,
• Chinmai S. Jureddy,
• Aleksei Tsarapkin and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1117–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.90

• in scanning electron microscopes during deposition, a double layer of water is still present on hydrophilic surfaces. This turns water into a natural co-reactant of direct electron beam writing [7] and helps in the formation of neutral volatile reaction products from the ligands, such as CO, CO2, CH4

Effect of wavelength and liquid on formation of Ag, Au, Ag/Au nanoparticles via picosecond laser ablation and SERS-based detection of DMMP

• Sree Satya Bharati Moram,
• Chandu Byram and
• Venugopal Rao Soma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1054–1069, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.86

• ], pesticides on vegetables, dals [42], fruit surfaces [43], and explosives on rough surfaces [44][45]. In the last few years, our group has been continuously working on developing a flexible SERS substrate for the detection of various types of hazardous molecules: aggregated Ag and Au NPs on filter paper [46

Interface properties of nanostructured carbon-coated biological implants: an overview

• Mattia Bartoli,
• Francesca Cardano,
• Erik Piatti,
• Stefania Lettieri,
• Andrea Fin and
• Alberto Tagliaferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1041–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.85

• between medical implants and living tissues are of great complexity because of the simultaneous occurrence of a wide variety of phenomena. The engineering of implant surfaces represents a crucial challenge in material science, but the further improvement of implant properties remains a critical task. It

• within the field. Keywords: biocompatibility; carbon nanotubes; coatings; graphene; nanodiamonds; surfaces; Introduction For centuries, the simple manipulation of natural resources has represented the only available strategy for the realization of artifacts, buildings, and innovations, until the

• environments represented by implant–tissue interfaces [18] through the tuning of different parameters (i.e., surface roughness and potential as well as hydrophobicity). Cells and biomolecules can selectively adhere to or be repelled from artificial implanted surfaces, triggering several metabolic pathways of

Atomistic insights into the morphological dynamics of gold and platinum nanoparticles: MD simulations in vacuum and aqueous media

• Evangelos Voyiatzis,
• Eugenia Valsami-Jones and
• Antreas Afantitis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.81

• of the surface energy indicates a high potential for reactivity. We observe that the surface energy decreases with bigger NP diameters. Thus, the lesser structured amorphous spherical surfaces of the small NPs have a higher potential reactivity than the more organized crystalline multifaceted

• surfaces of the large NPs. This is in agreement with previous findings for Ag NPs with a similar diameter range [49]. It should be noted that the considered variations in the NP size are rather subtle and below detection for current analytical capabilities [85]. There are slight disparities between Au and

Beyond biomimicry – next generation applications of bioinspired adhesives from microfluidics to composites

• Dan Sameoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 965–976, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.79

• ] and magnets are much better in terms of reliability and adhesion force than current biomimetic materials but need mating surfaces that are compatible. Traditional fasteners like screws, bolts, and nuts are available for assemblies that do not need to be disconnected frequently but are extremely strong

• mechanical properties of interest to fit the needs of soft robotics, microfluidic systems, or others. All of such applications necessitate that the biomimetic adhesives are robust, relatively inexpensive, and highly effective at adhering to different surfaces. Several corporations, including Setex [16

• University with an intended end application in space robotics [21][22] (Figure 1), where the adhesives needed to adhere to surfaces under vacuum conditions with minimal preload and maintain strong adhesion in all directions. Initially, I focused on a variety of micro-tread structures with the expectation

Electrospun nanofibers: building blocks for the repair of bone tissue

• Tuğrul Mert Serim,
• Gülin Amasya,
• Tuğba Eren-Böncü,
• Ceyda Tuba Şengel-Türk and
• Ayşe Nurten Özdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 941–953, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.77

• high, water may accumulate on the fiber surfaces, and if the humidity is too low, the solvent may evaporate too quickly [73][82]. Also, relative humidity makes nanofibers thicker or thinner depending on the chemical structure of the polymer [82]. Drug release from electrospun nanofibers The rate and

Effects of cutting tool geometry on material removal of a gradient nanograined CoCrNi medium entropy alloy

• Yu-Sheng Lu,
• Yu-Xuan Hung,
• Thi-Xuyen Bui and
• Te-Hua Fang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 925–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.76

• mechanism of polycrystalline CoCrNi MEAs [13]. The rake angle has little effect on the increase in amorphous phase atoms during the cutting process. However, according to the CNA results of the CoCrNi MEA substrates after cutting, substrate surfaces after cutting with a positive rake angle are flatter than

Facile synthesis of Fe-based metal–organic frameworks from Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles and their application for CO₂/N₂ separation

• Van Nhieu Le,
• Hoai Duc Tran,
• Minh Tien Nguyen,
• Hai Bang Truong,
• Toan Minh Pham and
• Jinsoo Kim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 897–908, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.74

• areas, high thermal stability, changeable pore system sizes, and customizable chemical surfaces [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The family tree of MOFs holds giant lineages such as Zeolitic Imidazolate Framework (ZIF), University of Olso (UiO), Material of Institute Lavoisier (MIL), Dresden University of Technology

Water-assisted purification during electron beam-induced deposition of platinum and gold

• Cristiano Glessi,
• Fabian A. Polman and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 884–896, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.73

• is a factor that should be considered when comparing the obtained data with other studies of Pt nanoparticle mobility on surfaces. While the lines obtained at circa 0.5 nA approach a closed structure, lines deposited at higher currents show more substantial cracking and lack of continuity. This

• limitation is connected to the inherent mobility of Pt and PtOx species on SiOx surfaces and could be circumvented by the use of a different substrate. Conclusion Water-assisted purification during FEBID of gold and platinum deposits is achievable under experimental conditions compatible with a standard

The effect of age on the attachment ability of stick insects (Phasmatodea)

• Marie Grote,
• Stanislav N. Gorb and
• Thies H. Büscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 867–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.72

• the substrate as the contact area of the pad is proportional to adhesion [10][11][12]. For rough substrates, the pads are complemented by a pair of rigid claws used for friction interlocking with surface asperities and ensuring attachment, but claws perform poorly on smooth surfaces [13]. The ability

• to attach to various surfaces is helpful for climbing animals [11][14], and adapting to the quality of the substrate is especially important for motile animals, which may come into contact with different surfaces, such as plants [9][11][15]. In ageing cockroaches, attachment pad discoloration and

• attachment pads is assumed to result from adaptations towards these plant surfaces [23][29]. Phasmids possess smooth adhesive pads on their tarsomeres, the euplantulae, and one larger pad at the pretarsus, the arolium [30]. Investigations of the specific functionality of both euplantulae and the arolium by

Investigation on drag reduction on rotating blade surfaces with microtextures

• Qinsong Zhu,
• Chen Zhang,
• Fuhang Yu and
• Yan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 833–853, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.70

• microtextures to reduce the flow loss on the blade surfaces were carried out. First, based on the axisymmetric characteristics of the impeller, a new simulation method was proposed to determine the aerodynamic parameters of the blade model through the comparison of flow field characteristics and simulation

• ; Introduction In order to survive, organisms in nature have undergone billions of years of evolution; their body structures have been adapted to the current environment and exhibit special functions on biological surfaces [1]. For the purpose of drag reduction, valuable inspiration can be derived from rapidly

• of lotus leaves [4]. A thin gas film captured by the superhydrophobic structure creates a slip interface between gas and liquid, which effectively improves the drag reduction and antifouling performance of lotus leaves [5]. However, the structures on biological surfaces are rather complex and not