Multicomponent bionanocomposites based on clay nanoarchitectures for electrochemical devices

• Giulia Lo Dico,
• Bernd Wicklein,
• Lorenzo Lisuzzo,
• Giuseppe Lazzara,
• Pilar Aranda and
• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1303–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.129

• Figure 3A, while SEM images (Figure 3D,F) reveal that the components are uniformly distributed throughout the film and are organized as a compact particle assembly within the chitosan matrix. Furthermore, the film cross section (Figure 3F) displays the typical layered structure of films solvent-cast from

• isotherms (Figure S2a,b in Supporting Information File 1). The BET specific surface area of the samples Film-1 and Foam-1 was 5 and 58 m2·g−1, respectively. The microstructure of the films was characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The diffractogram of Film-1 displays the main reflections of both

• therefore assessed by the van der Pauw method based on the four-point technique [26]. This method is useful to accurately measure the surface properties of a sample of arbitrary shape. Figure 4C displays the in-plane electrical conductivity of the films as a function of the MWCNT content (composition of

Alloyed Pt₃M (M = Co, Ni) nanoparticles supported on S- and N-doped carbon nanotubes for the oxygen reduction reaction

• Stéphane Louisia,
• Yohann R. J. Thomas,
• Pierre Lecante,
• Marie Heitzmann,
• M. Rosa Axet,
• Pierre-André Jacques and
• Philippe Serp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1251–1269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.125

• also evidenced by STEM-HAADF images of Pt3Co/N-CNT (Figure 7b, 001 selected area). In the same way, the Pt3Ni composition was determine by EDX analysis for the sample Pt3Ni/N-CNTHT (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S9). This sample also displays some residual nickel atoms or clusters

Green fabrication of lanthanide-doped hydroxide-based phosphors: Y(OH)₃:Eu³⁺ nanoparticles for white light generation

• Tugrul Guner,
• Anilcan Kus,
• Mehmet Ozcan,
• Aziz Genc,
• Hasan Sahin and
• Mustafa M. Demir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1200–1210, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.119

• results in the generation of white light. WLED systems composed of a blue LED and YAG:Ce3+ is a facile and inexpensive way of obtaining white light. However, the white light by this system displays some inadequate optical properties, such as high correlated color temperature (CCT) and low color rendering

• levels of the transition states through adjusting the dopant ion, different emission and PL intensities can be obtained [11][26][27][28]. These phosphors have been employed in various applications, including optoelectronics, field emissive displays and HDTVs, and advanced ceramics [29][30]. To date

Pure and mixed ordered monolayers of tetracyano-2,6-naphthoquinodimethane and hexathiapentacene on the Ag(100) surface

• Robert Harbers,
• Timo Heepenstrick,
• Dmitrii F. Perepichka and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1188–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.118

• the symmetry of the Ag(100) surface (space group P4mm) and the symmetry of the molecules (HTPEN: D2h, TNAP: C2h) four symmetry-equivalent domains with four different orientations of the rows can be expected. All of these possible orientations could be observed in STM images. Figure 6b displays an

Quantitative analysis of annealing-induced instabilities of photo-leakage current and negative-bias-illumination-stress in a-InGaZnO thin-film transistors

• Dapeng Wang and
• Mamoru Furuta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1125–1130, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.112

• -panel displays (FPDs). Amorphous InGaZnO (a-IGZO), an outstanding active channel material, is generally adopted in TFTs because of its high electron mobility, great environmental/thermal stability, and preparation versatility. The enhanced mobility of a-IGZO originates from the fact that the electrical

• the backlight for non-emissive displays. The degradation of oxide-based TFTs under this kind of negative-bias-illumination-stress (NBIS) is a key issue that has been investigated over the last decade [6][7]. Despite all efforts to unveil the mechanisms of NBIS, such as first-principles calculations

• –530 nm is used. The details of the NBIS measurement (gate voltage VGS = −20 V; λ = 460 nm) in double-scan mode are described in [8]. The duration of the NBIS measurements is 104 s. Results and Discussion Figure 1 displays the double-scan transfer characteristics (VDS = 10.1 V) of the TFTs annealed at

Synthesis and characterization of quaternary La(Sr)S–TaS₂ misfit-layered nanotubes

• Marco Serra,
• Erumpukuthickal Ashokkumar Anumol,
• Dalit Stolovas,
• Iddo Pinkas,
• Ernesto Joselevich,
• Reshef Tenne,
• Andrey Enyashin and
• Francis Leonard Deepak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1112–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.111

• % Sr content (Figure 10a). At higher Sr content, the function Q displays an S-shaped profile and diminishes (in absolute value) dramatically from 0.16 to 0.06 e−/TaS2 of a hypothetical (SrS)1.11TaS2 misfit (i.e., upon a complete La to Sr substitution). This phenomenon can be explained by the excessive

Glucose-derived carbon materials with tailored properties as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction

• Rafael Gomes Morais,
• Natalia Rey-Raap,
• José Luís Figueiredo and
• Manuel Fernando Ribeiro Pereira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1089–1102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.109

• throughout all potentials. Without a considerable number of electrons exchanged during the ORR, the nitrogen atoms do not seem to improve their stability to stay closer to a four-electron pathway. However, the conventionally doped sample (N-CGC) displays a slight increase of electron exchange at low

Direct growth of few-layer graphene on AlN-based resonators for high-sensitivity gravimetric biosensors

• Jimena Olivares,
• Teona Mirea,
• Lorena Gordillo-Dagallier,
• Bruno Marco,
• José Miguel Escolano,
• Marta Clement and
• Enrique Iborra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 975–984, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.98

• in contact mode; AFM images are shown in Figure 1. Compared with the surface of the bare Ni surface (Figure 1a), high heating rates induce the partial dewetting of the Ni layer (Figure 1b), which displays a non-uniform thickness distribution, combining areas with hillocks and areas with voids

• and quality factor of the resonators remain almost constant, with typical values of, respectively, 3% and 150 [20]. It is worth noting that the modulus of the impedance displays a minimum at around 3000 MHz due to the LC resonance that arises from the static capacitance of the resonator and the series

Structural and optical properties of penicillamine-protected gold nanocluster fractions separated by sequential size-selective fractionation

• Xiupei Yang,
• Zhengli Yang,
• Fenglin Tang,
• Jing Xu,
• Maoxue Zhang and
• Martin M. F. Choi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 955–966, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.96

• %) from large to small have been obtained by repeating the above procedure and controlling the volume percentage of acetone corresponding to 36%, 54%, 72%, and 90%, respectively. The remaining soluble fraction is represented as F0%. Figure 3 displays the TEM images of the four AuNCs fractions (F36%, F54

• characteristic broadening peaks from 1.58 to 1.88 and from 3.88 to 4.10 ppm, which displays a slight chemical shift consistent with expectations for the presence of nanocluster-bound ligand [5]. This resonance broadening (relative to the monomer ligand) is due to the discontinuity of the diamagnetic

• AuNC product and the sequential size-selected fractions (B) F36%, (C) F54%, (D) F72%, (E) F90%, and (F) F0%. The right panel displays the S 2p3/2 and S 2p1/2 binding energies of the samples. (A) UV–visible absorption and (B) corrected photoluminescence spectra (excited at 380 nm) of the (0) crude

In situ AFM visualization of Li–O₂ battery discharge products during redox cycling in an atmospherically controlled sample cell

• Kumar Virwani,
• Younes Ansari,
• Khanh Nguyen,
• Francisco José Alía Moreno-Ortiz,
• Jangwoo Kim,
• Maxwell J. Giammona,
• Ho-Cheol Kim and
• Young-Hye La

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 930–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.94

• -circuit potential of 2.948 V, the surface of glassy carbon is smooth and free of electrochemical deposits. At about 4.3% of discharge capacity, the first nanostructures suddenly appear on the glassy carbon surface. In Figure 4b, the cell is at 12.7% discharge capacity and displays partial and complete

Synthesis of novel C-doped g-C₃N₄ nanosheets coupled with CdIn₂S₄ for enhanced photocatalytic hydrogen evolution

• Jingshuai Chen,
• Chang-Jie Mao,
• Helin Niu and
• Ji-Ming Song

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 912–921, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.92

• transfer nanochannels [5]. The as-prepared g-C3N4 nanosheet@ZnIn2S4 nanoleaf structure displays an enhanced photocatalytic activity for H2 production without the addition of a Pt co-catalyst. As visible-light-active photocatalysts, ternary metal sulfide (e.g., ZnIn2S4 and CdIn2S4) have attracted great

• samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images. As can be seen in Figure 4a,b, the CCN sample displays a representative two-dimensional layered structure that is ultrathin. After the addition of CdIn2S4 to form the heterojunction with CCN, the CdIn2S4 crystals are attached to

• -induced charge carriers of these as-fabricated samples has been studied via room temperature photoluminescence (PL) characterization. Figure 7 displays the PL emission spectra of g-C3N4, CCN and CISCCN3 hybrid photocatalysts at the excitation wavelength of 410 nm. It is observed that the pure CCN shows

An efficient electrode material for high performance solid-state hybrid supercapacitors based on a Cu/CuO/porous carbon nanofiber/TiO₂ hybrid composite

• Mamta Sham Lal,
• Thirugnanam Lavanya and
• Sundara Ramaprabhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 781–793, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.78

• stabilization and carbonization processes to enhance the performance. More importantly, the obtained results have demonstrated that the composite material displays outstanding rate capability and long cycling stability which demonstrates its great potential as an efficient electrode material for supercapacitors

• , CNF, PCNF, Cu/PCNF and Cu/CuO/PCNF/TiO2 composite electrodes at a scan rate of 100 mV s−1 in the potential range (0–1 V). CNF, PCNF and Cu/PCNF samples show a quasi-rectangular box loop which represents electric double layer capacitance performance. Besides, the Cu/CuO/PCNF/TiO2 composite displays

The effect of translation on the binding energy for transition-metal porphyrines adsorbed on Ag(111) surface

• Luiza Buimaga-Iarinca and
• Cristian Morari

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 706–717, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.70

• mechanism (see Supporting Information File 1, Figure S5, right). The analysis of the quantity displays shapes specific to a covalent bond, i.e., charge accumulation between the atoms in direct interaction. For one of the two spin components of charge density charge accumulation is present, while there is a

Self-assembly and wetting properties of gold nanorod–CTAB molecules on HOPG

• Imtiaz Ahmad,
• Floor Derkink,
• Tim Boulogne,
• Pantelis Bampoulis,
• Harold J. W. Zandvliet,
• Hidayat Ullah Khan,
• Rahim Jan and
• E. Stefan Kooij

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 696–705, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.69

• . However, Figure 1A–C displays a montage of SEM images that shows monolayer nanorod deposits on the HOPG terraces, analogous to the results reported previously [51]. Since this work was more focused on the deposition and alignment of the nanorods near the step edges (comparable to the observation

Outstanding chain-extension effect and high UV resistance of polybutylene succinate containing amino-acid-modified layered double hydroxides

• Adam A. Marek,
• Vincent Verney,
• Christine Taviot-Gueho,
• Grazia Totaro,
• Laura Sisti,
• Annamaria Celli and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 684–695, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.68

• interpretation of the XRD patterns based on a more detailed analysis of the position of the X-ray diffraction peaks and the matching between the surface area per unit charge of LDH host and the organic guest. Mg2Al/nitrate, as a reference sample, displays an X-ray diffraction pattern typical of lamellar

• observed, from 90 Pa s (unmodified PBS) up to more than 7,000 Pa s for Mg2Al/PHE LDH (5 wt %), respectively. Moreover, the PBS nanocomposite composition displays the desired UV-stabilizing effect (described below), which was described previously but only for PBS composites with Zn2Al/amino acid LDHs [15

Review of time-resolved non-contact electrostatic force microscopy techniques with applications to ionic transport measurements

• Aaron Mascaro,
• Yoichi Miyahara,
• Tyler Enright,
• Omur E. Dagdeviren and
• Peter Grütter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 617–633, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.62

• extract the relaxation time constant; the initial jump only leads to a higher statistical uncertainty, which is due to the slow initial response of the PLL relative to the fast jump from 0 to 2.5 V. This becomes especially apparent for τ* ≈ τPLL. The stretching factor displays exactly the same behaviour

Coexisting spin and Rabi oscillations at intermediate time regimes in electron transport through a photon cavity

• Vidar Gudmundsson,
• Hallmann Gestsson,
• Nzar Rauf Abdullah,
• Chi-Shung Tang,
• Andrei Manolescu and
• Valeriu Moldoveanu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 606–616, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.61

• transport in the far-infrared (FIR) regime. The time-dependent electronic transport through a two-dimensional (2D) nanosystem patterned in a GaAs heterostructure, which is in turn embedded in a three-dimensional (3D) FIR photon cavity, generally displays three regimes: i) The switching transient regime in

• the transport current have been predicted in the transient regime [16], and current–current noise spectra in the steady state reveal their signs [15]. Figure 4 displays the mean electron and photon numbers over the whole time scale (lower panel) relevant to the present model parameters for the case of

• , into the central system and the right current, IR, out of it. The transport current can give us further insight into the dynamics in the system. It is displayed in Figure 5 for the same parameters as were used in Figure 4. The upper panel displays the current for the x-polarized cavity photon field and

Topochemical engineering of composite hybrid fibers using layered double hydroxides and abietic acid

• Liji Sobhana,
• Lokesh Kesavan,
• Jan Gustafsson and
• Pedro Fardim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 589–605, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.60

• fibers show a dense complex web of longer and thicker cellulose fibers having hairy projections on the surface (Figure 8a). HF displays a similar appearance but with few LDH crystals present on the surface (Figure 8c). C-F reveal a very thick AA layer (Figure 8b), whereas C-HF fibers show only a minimal

A porous 3D-RGO@MWCNT hybrid material as Li–S battery cathode

• Yongguang Zhang,
• Jun Ren,
• Yan Zhao,
• Taizhe Tan,
• Fuxing Yin and
• Yichao Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 514–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.52

• , confirming that a great amount of sulfur can be stored in the structure. Figure 5 displays the first four CV cycles of S-3D-RGO@MWCNT cathode at 0.1 mV·s−1. During the cathodic cycle, the peaks around 2.30 and 2.05 V correspond to the transformation of elemental sulfur to long-chain polysulfides (Li2Sn, n

Biological and biomimetic surfaces: adhesion, friction and wetting phenomena

• Stanislav N. Gorb,
• Kerstin Koch and
• Lars Heepe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 481–482, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.48

• Keywords: adhesion; air retention; contact mechanics; fluid transport; friction; functional gradients; wetting; This Thematic Series is the continuation of the previous series on the broad topic of biological and bioinspired materials and surfaces [1][2][3]. This collection of articles displays a current

Improving control of carbide-derived carbon microstructure by immobilization of a transition-metal catalyst within the shell of carbide/carbon core–shell structures

• Teguh Ariyanto,
• Jan Glaesel,
• Andreas Kern,
• Gui-Rong Zhang and
• Bastian J. M. Etzold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 419–427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.41

• a decrease in the adsorbed volume of N2 in the low-pressure range. The pore size distributions evaluated by the QSDFT model are displayed in Figure 6b. CDC-Ni0 displays mainly pores in the micropore regime (<2 nm). On the other hand, the CDCs produced with the aid of the nickel catalyst show pores

• structures (N2 sorption). The reference of CDC-Ni0 features SSAN2 of ca. 1500 m2·g−1 and a mean pore size of 0.94 nm. CDC-Ni5 displays a lower surface area of ca. 1000 m2·g−1, which is caused by the presence of larger pores as a consequence of the nickel catalyst. The mean pore size of CDC-Ni5 increases by

Advanced scanning probe lithography using anatase-to-rutile transition to create localized TiO₂ nanorods

• Julian Kalb,
• Vanessa Knittel and
• Lukas Schmidt-Mende

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 412–418, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.40

• ], fuel cells [20], lithium batteries [21][22][23][24][25][26], field-emission devices [27], data storage devices [28], gaso- and electrochromic displays [29][30], and nonlinear optical devices [31]. Even in the field of medical engineering, such structures are promising candidates for improving the

• and promote the growth of rutile TiO2 nanorods as described by Li et al. [37]. The SEM image displays the resulting row of nanorods obtained with the method presented in this report. SEM images with different magnifications after scratching (panel A1, using scanning probe lithography) and seed

• hydrothermal growth process. Inside the yellow rectangle, the substrate was scratched in an identical way, but the growth was suppressed by an intensive electron-beam exposure. Panel C displays the area shown in panel A after the hydrothermal growth process. The image is separated in different areas marked by

Geometrical optimisation of core–shell nanowire arrays for enhanced absorption in thin crystalline silicon heterojunction solar cells

• Robin Vismara,
• Olindo Isabella,
• Andrea Ingenito,
• Fai Tong Si and
• Miro Zeman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 322–331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.31

• propagates differently inside the absorber layer, in particular the absorption spectrum of the NW device displays more (resonance) peaks, as highlighted in Figure 4b for wavelengths between 800 and 1000 nm. In this spectrum range, follows the typical profile of a Fabry–Perót interference (F-P), due to the

Study of silica-based intrinsically emitting nanoparticles produced by an excimer laser

• Imène Reghioua,
• Mattia Fanetti,
• Sylvain Girard,
• Diego Di Francesca,
• Simonpietro Agnello,
• Layla Martin-Samos,
• Marco Cannas,
• Matjaz Valant,
• Melanie Raine,
• Marc Gaillardin,
• Nicolas Richard,
• Philippe Paillet,
• Aziz Boukenter,
• Youcef Ouerdane and
• Antonino Alessi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 211–221, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.19

• displays the central part, evidencing the different shapes of the obtained particles and their states of aggregation/agglomeration. Another group of particles (Figure 3c) illustrates the variety of observed sizes and shapes. In this image, we can distinguish some spherical nanoparticles among other

Nanoporous water oxidation electrodes with a low loading of laser-deposited Ru/C exhibit enhanced corrosion stability

• Sandra Haschke,
• Dmitrii Pankin,
• Vladimir Mikhailovskii,
• Maïssa K. S. Barr,
• Adriana Both-Engel,
• Alina Manshina and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.15

• region, displays the Ru 3d5/2 and Ru 3d3/2 peaks. The experimental data are provided as dashed lines, the fit as solid black lines, and the individual deconvoluted peaks are color-coded. Cyclic voltammograms of Ru/C electrodes recorded in a KH2PO4 electrolyte at pH 4 (scan rate: 50 mV s−1). The applied