Approaching microwave photon sensitivity with Al Josephson junctions

• Andrey L. Pankratov,
• Anna V. Gordeeva,
• Leonid S. Revin,
• Dmitry A. Ladeynov,
• Anton A. Yablokov and
• Leonid S. Kuzmin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 582–589, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.50

• consistent with the parameters of the considered experiment. In the current work, we measure the probability of switching initiated by a 10 GHz signal with a fixed duration tsw = 0.05 s. The plasma frequency of the junction is 15.6 GHz, while at the bias current of 815 μA, where we presumably see three

Revealing local structural properties of an atomically thin MoSe₂ surface using optical microscopy

• Lin Pan,
• Peng Miao,
• Anke Horneber,
• Alfred J. Meixner,
• Pierre-Michel Adam and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 572–581, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.49

• , including graphene and 2D-TMDC materials, are unique platforms for SERS investigations based on the chemical mechanism [21]. Recently, enhanced Raman signals of rhodamine 6G (R6G) molecules on an oxygen plasma-treated MoS2 flake were reported, because the symmetry of the R6G molecule can be modified through

• the interaction with local dipoles in plasma-treated MoS2 [22]. Additionally, the electronic band structure of MoS2 can be significantly modified after oxygen incorporation into MoS2. The charge transfer from the valence band of partially oxidized MoS2 to the LUMO of R6G can be tuned in resonance with

Stimuli-responsive polypeptide nanogels for trypsin inhibition

• Petr Šálek,
• Jana Dvořáková,
• Sviatoslav Hladysh,
• Diana Oleshchuk,
• Ewa Pavlova,
• Jan Kučka and
• Vladimír Proks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 538–548, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.45

• examples are ulinastatin, a glycoprotein found in urine, plasma, and all organs, and gabexate, a synthetic serine protease inhibitor that inhibits secretion and activity of trypsin. Both are successfully used for the treatment of acute pancreatitis [10]. The pancreas itself secretes the serine protease

• other serine proteases inhibitors, such as α1-antitrypsin (AAT), α2-macroglobulin, α1-antichymotrypsin, and eglin C [11]. However, direct intravenous or oral administration of the majority of these natural serine protease inhibitors is ineffective due to their low plasma and peritoneal levels, very

• of loaded FITC-albumin [18]. Regarding the inhibition of serine proteases and inflammation, AAT, the most abundant inhibitor of serine proteases in human plasma, regulates the proteolytic activity of secreted proteases and is involved in the acute anti-inflammatory response against inflammatory

Ciprofloxacin-loaded dissolving polymeric microneedles as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of S. aureus skin infections

• Sharif Abdelghany,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Yazan Al Thaher,
• Maram Al Fawares,
• Amal G. Al-Bakri,
• Saja Zuriekat and
• Randa SH. Mansour

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 517–527, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.43

• that we achieved. In another study showing the efficiency of dissolving microneedles in transdermal delivery, the contraceptive hormone levonorgestrel was released and migrated through the entire skin structure, maintaining a quantifiable plasma concentration for up to 60 days [58]. Antibacterial

Electrostatic pull-in application in flexible devices: A review

• Teng Cai,
• Yuming Fang,
• Yingli Fang,
• Ruozhou Li,
• Ying Yu and
• Mingyang Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 390–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.32

• vertically on the substrate. The vertically aligned MWCNTs were prepared by various methods, such as the constriction of CNT growth by nanoscale pockets and DC plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD), as shown in Figure 2c. Using the vertically aligned CNT switches provides a high density for

• quickly realize positioning and alignment of CNTs in 10–60 s. GR-NEM switches Based on the large-scale fabrication of graphene (GR) using CVD and oxygen plasma etching, GR-NEM switches have attracted the attention of researchers. Table 2 summarizes GR-NEM switch structures described in the literature. Two

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• example, to modify the surface of nanofiber polymers, plasma treatment has been used to provide them with hydroxy, carboxyl, or amine polar groups to improve physical properties such as wettability, polarity, and bioadhesion [102]. As a result, surface-modified nanofibers will more likely absorb bioactive

• , and OH) and surface roughness to CNT, Antonioli et al. used oxygen plasma treatment and fabricated novel superhydrophilic VA–CTN films. This treatment could increase the wettability of the nanofilms to acquire appreciable cytocompatibility [134]. The chondrocytes expressed major chondrogenic markers

The effect of metal surface nanomorphology on the output performance of a TENG

• Yiru Wang,
• Xin Zhao,
• Yang Liu and
• Wenjun Zhou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 298–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.25

• , such as template forming, plasma treatment, and chemical approaches. Previous studies mostly focused on the preparation process of the nanoscale morphology on the polymer surface [47][48][49]. The electrons on the polymer surface cannot be transferred to the conduction band and the charge cannot flow

Plasma modes in capacitively coupled superconducting nanowires

• Alex Latyshev,
• Andrew G. Semenov and
• Andrei D. Zaikin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 292–297, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.24

• Moscow, Russia Institute for Quantum Materials and Technologies, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.13.24 Abstract We investigate plasma oscillations in long electromagnetically coupled superconducting nanowires. We demonstrate that in the presence of inter

• -wire coupling plasma modes in each of the wires get split into two “new” modes propagating with different velocities across the system. These plasma modes form an effective dissipative quantum environment interacting with electrons inside both wires and causing a number of significant implications for

• the low-temperature behavior of the systems under consideration. Keywords: plasma modes; quantum fluctuations, quantum phase slips; superconducting nanowires; Introduction Physical properties of ultrathin superconducting nanowires differ strongly from those of bulk superconductors owing to a

Coordination-assembled myricetin nanoarchitectonics for sustainably scavenging free radicals

• Xiaoyan Ma,
• Haoning Gong,
• Kenji Ogino,
• Xuehai Yan and
• Ruirui Xing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 284–291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.23

• after centrifuging and washing with water and, subsequently, dissolved in 0.1 M NaOH solution. The concentrations of Myr and GSH were determined by UV–vis spectroscopy. The concentration of Zn2+ was measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES). Evaluation of ROS

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• demonstrated enhanced osseointegration [58]. Additionally, drug release kinetics and duration from titania nanotubes (TNTs) can be controlled by modifying nanotube dimensions, surface chemistry, or by a polymer coating on the TNT implant surface through dip coating or plasma polymerization. Losic and co

Theranostic potential of self-luminescent branched polyethyleneimine-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Rouhollah Khodadust,
• Ozlem Unal and
• Havva Yagci Acar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 82–95, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.6

• pathways do not necessarily involve traffic to lysosomes, it can yield a better transfection efficiency [65]. Indeed, it was shown that both unmodified branched and linear PEI polyplexes could damage plasma membranes, resulting in a rapid redistribution of phosphatidylserine from the inner plasma membrane

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya Adrien Chauvin Stephanos Konstantinidis Plasma-Surface Interaction Chemistry (ChIPS), University of Mons, 23 Place du Parc, B-7000 Mons, Belgium Department of Condensed Matter Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Charles University, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Praha 2

• reported data; we will address the influence of the sputtering parameters (sputter power, current, voltage, sputter time, working gas pressure, and the type of sputtering plasma) and host liquid properties (composition, temperature, viscosity, and surface tension) on the NP formation as well as a detailed

• in the production chain that might cause detrimental issues, for example, NP aggregation. In this respect, low-pressure plasma-based sputtering onto liquids (SoL) is a relatively new synthetic approach in which the purification step can be avoided. This technique is based on the sputtering of

Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in vitro of surface-functionalized drug-loaded spinel ferrite nanoparticles

• Sadaf Mushtaq,
• Khuram Shahzad,
• Tariq Saeed,
• Anwar Ul-Hamid,
• Bilal Haider Abbasi,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Waqas Khalid,
• Muhammad Atif,
• Zulqurnain Ali and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1339–1364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.99

• controls. The efficient retention of polymer-functionalized NPs in cancer cells, with the help of the EPR effect and a leaky vasculature system (pore diameter = 100 nm–2 µm) [7], reduces their nonspecific biological interactions with plasma proteins, contributing to a higher bioavailability [37]. SRB

• interaction between NPs a plasma membrane associated proteins [55]. In addition, the charge of polymeric coatings also governs NP uptake by cells. Positively charged polymers have been reported to enhance genotoxicity due to better internalization of NPs via the plasma membrane (electrostatic interaction) and

Plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence from TiO₂ and TeO₂ thin films doped by Eu³⁺ for optoelectronic applications

• Marcin Łapiński,
• Jakub Czubek,
• Katarzyna Drozdowska,
• Anna Synak,
• Wojciech Sadowski and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1271–1278, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.94

• ethanol and dried at 50 °C. Plasmonic nanostructures were prepared by thermal dewetting of gold thin films. Thin Au films with a thickness of 2.8 nm were deposited using a tabletop DC magnetron sputtering coater (EM SCD 500, Leica) in pure Ar plasma (argon, Air Products, 99.999%) at a pressure of 0.2 Pa

The effect of cobalt on morphology, structure, and ORR activity of electrospun carbon fibre mats in aqueous alkaline environments

• Markus Gehring,
• Tobias Kutsch,
• Osmane Camara,
• Alexandre Merlen,
• Hermann Tempel,
• Hans Kungl and
• Rüdiger-A. Eichel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1173–1186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.87

• spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry are used for characterisation. The modified fibre system is compared to a benchmark system without cobalt additives. Cobalt is known to catalyse the formation of graphite in carbonaceous materials at elevated

• electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Raman spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). In addition, the fibres were analysed in terms of their

pH-driven enhancement of anti-tubercular drug loading on iron oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in macrophages

• Karishma Berta Cotta,
• Sarika Mehra and
• Rajdip Bandyopadhyaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1127–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.84

• sampled for ICP-AES (inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrophotometer) (ACROS, Simultaneous ICP Spectrometer, SPECTRO Analytical Instruments GmbH, Germany) to estimate the amount of Fe present in each sample. Cell lysates were pelleted out and the supernatant was used for spectrofluorometric

First-principles study of the structural, optoelectronic and thermophysical properties of the π-SnSe for thermoelectric applications

• Muhammad Atif Sattar,
• Najwa Al Bouzieh,
• Maamar Benkraouda and
• Noureddine Amrane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1101–1114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.82

• greater than its bandgap value. The electron energy loss curve achieves its peak value around 13 eV and then begins to abruptly fall until it reaches 13.5 eV. This observed highest peak of L(ω) represents the plasma resonance of the π-SnSe alloy and their correlated frequencies, called plasma frequencies

Use of nanosystems to improve the anticancer effects of curcumin

• Andrea M. Araya-Sibaja,
• Norma J. Salazar-López,
• Krissia Wilhelm Romero,
• José R. Vega-Baudrit,
• J. Abraham Domínguez-Avila,
• Carlos A. Velázquez Contreras,
• Ramón E. Robles-Zepeda,
• Mirtha Navarro-Hoyos and
• Gustavo A. González-Aguilar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1047–1062, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.78

• different sizes (20, 70, or 200 nm). For example, maximum plasma CUR concentration was found 5 min after administration (with concentration of 1250 ng/mL and particle size of 20 nm). In the lungs, spleen, and liver the maximum concentration was observed 10 min after administration (with concentrations and

• plasma area under the curve (AUC) were higher (27.52 mg/L and 37.25 mg/L·h, respectively), as compared to the one administered orally (3.64 mg/L and 11.75 mg/L·h, respectively). The value of T1/2 was 1.46 h when administered by the pulmonary route and 2.15 h when administered orally, which could be

• permanence in the plasma and in other organs. It should be noted that in a dose-escalation study in human volunteers, in which 10–12 g/day of CUR was administered, only 30–50 ng/mL of curcumin was detected in the serum (between 2 and 4 h after administration), which is associated with its low solubility

An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1034–1046, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.77

• chamber where a plasma of reactive ions is formed on the material surface. Etching can be either isotropic, at higher gas pressures, or anisotropic when lower pressures are employed. The most common silicon etchant is sulphur hexafluoride (SF6 + O2) in an inductively coupled plasma etch tool. High aspect

• etching using an inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etcher, then the polymer microneedles were replicated using a PDMS negative soft mould and hot embossing [100]. SU-8 photoresist has been used, not just for master moulds, but also as the final material for microneedles. Long hollow microneedles, ≈1500 μm

• layer of polymer introduced between the mould and the metal structure to facilitate chemical lift-off separation of the final array. For hollow metal microneedles, a plasma etching step was performed prior to metal deposition [106]. Unlike the ubiquitous stainless steel hypodermic needle, safety

Is the Ne operation of the helium ion microscope suitable for electron backscatter diffraction sample preparation?

• Annalena Wolff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 965–983, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.73

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

• Nabojit Das,
• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

• adsorbed on the metal surface in a tightly packed bilayer structure. Among quaternary ammonium surfactants, CTAB has been extensively reported as cytotoxic even at low concentrations [44][45][46]. The positively charged CTAB interacts with the plasma membrane, which is negatively charged due to the

• asymmetric distribution of charged lipids between the two leaflets of the plasma membrane. This lead to a negative charged of the inner leaflet generating a surface potential and the binding affinity towards positively charged moieties. However, an interesting study revealed a structure-dependent

In situ transport characterization of magnetic states in Nb/Co superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures

• Olena M. Kapran,
• Roman Morari,
• Taras Golod,
• Evgenii A. Borodianskyi,
• Vladimir Boian,
• Andrei Prepelita,
• Nikolay Klenov,
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 913–923, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.68

• the vacuum. We use a Nb target (99.95% purity) for deposition of S-layers, Co (99.95% purity) for F-layers, and Si (99.999%) for seeding bottom and protective top layers. MLs are grown on a Si(111) wafer. Prior to deposition, targets were precleaned by plasma-etching for 3 min and in addition for 1

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

• membrane after sonication. They provided evidence that during US exposure and sonoporation, repairable disruption and an increase in plasma membrane permeability occurred. They also suggested that the change in the cell membrane depended on the intensity of the US waves and the cavitation process. They

• acid was administered, had levels of bioluminescence 11-fold higher than the colon tissue of mice that received mRNA alone. This was suggested to be caused by US-induced cavitation, creating transient pores in the plasma membrane which facilitated the cellular diffusion of macromolecules [87]. In

• biomedical interest. In biomedical ultrasound imaging, one has to deal with the radiation force exerted by pulsating gas bubbles and interactions with the components of blood plasma. Changes in the size of a droplet, the distance between the particles, the density of the drop, and the US frequency all affect

Recent progress in actuation technologies of micro/nanorobots

• Ke Xu and
• Bing Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 756–765, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.59

• towards the platinum end, and a maximum movement speed of 4 μm/s was achieved. After that, Chen et al. [40] designed a Z-shaped platinum hybrid nanorobot in order to meet the growing demand for micro/nanorobots in the biomedical field. It was manufactured using a combination of focused ion beam and plasma

Fate and transformation of silver nanoparticles in different biological conditions

• Barbara Pem,
• Marija Ćurlin,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Rinea Barbir,
• Vedran Micek,
• Raluca M. Fratila,
• Jesus M. de la Fuente and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 665–679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.53

• plasma (BP), or in 1% (w/v) liver, brain, and kidney homogenates. In most tissue homogenates, AgNPs were well dispersed as shown in Figure 3. Although some aggregates were also visible under these conditions, there were no large crystals in kidney, liver, or brain homogenates as observed in vivo (Figure

• puncture into a heparinised tube and the plasma was separated by centrifugation. The kidneys, liver, and brain were carefully removed and washed in ice-cold saline. Each tissue (1 g) was homogenised in 10 mL of PBS (0.05 M, pH 7.4) containing 0.1 mM of EDTA using a motor-driven homogenizer. Both WB and BP

• (liver), (f) AOT-AgNPs (brain), (g) PLL-AgNPs (kidney), (h) PLL-AgNPs (liver), (i) PLL-AgNPs (brain). Scale bars are 100 nm. TEM images of objects observed after 30 min of incubation of AgNPs or Ag+ in different test media at a concentration of 100 mg Ag/L. (a) PLL-AgNPs in 1% (w/v) of blood plasma, (b