Silver nanoparticles nucleated in NaOH-treated halloysite: a potential antimicrobial material

• Yuri B. Matos,
• Rodrigo S. Romanus,
• Mattheus Torquato,
• Edgar H. de Souza,
• Rodrigo L. Villanova,
• Marlene Soares and
• Emilson R. Viana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 798–807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.63

• 10.3762/bjnano.12.63 Abstract Despite all recent advances in medical treatments, infectious diseases remain dangerous. This has led to intensive scientific research on materials with antimicrobial properties. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) are a well-established solution in this area. The present work

9.1% efficient zinc oxide/silicon solar cells on a 50 μm thick Si absorber

• Rafal Pietruszka,
• Bartlomiej S. Witkowski,
• Monika Ozga,
• Katarzyna Gwozdz,
• Ewa Placzek-Popko and
• Marek Godlewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 766–774, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.60

• , confirming the validity of our approach. A textured surface was obtained for the cell modified with ZnONR. As mentioned earlier, the nanorods were separated at the top. This means that the ALD films were deposited both on the top of and in the space between the nanorods. Therefore, the deposition process led

Physical constraints lead to parallel evolution of micro- and nanostructures of animal adhesive pads: a review

• Thies H. Büscher and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 725–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.57

• exploration of many evolutionary aspects, especially convergence. Limited spatial dispersion and extensive adaptive radiation led to a high degree of convergent traits in Phasmatodea, (e.g., in terms of visual camouflage [184][185][186][187], oviposition techniques [109][188][189][190][191][192][193][194

• also led to several counter-adaptations against herbivory on the plant side (e.g., [214][215][216][217]). While plants evolved defence strategies to repel the herbivorous stick insects, the latter evolved strategies to overcome the strategies developed by the plants [218][219][220][221][222][223][224

• preparation show that the secretory droplets contain nanodroplets on their surfaces (Figure 8). These results led authors to suggest that the pad secretion is an emulsion consisting of lipoid nanodroplets dispersed in an aqueous liquid. The fluid within the smooth pad contributes to the viscoelastic behaviour

Electromigration-induced formation of percolating adsorbate islands during condensation from the gaseous phase: a computational study

• Alina V. Dvornichenko,
• Vasyl O. Kharchenko and
• Dmitrii O. Kharchenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 694–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.55

• neighboring vacancies in the direction of electron flow leading to an accumulation of atoms at the anode and vacancies at the cathode [1][2]. Current trends in computer technology, namely, reducing the size of integrated circuits, increasing their power, and increasing the density of elements, have led to an

Nanogenerator-based self-powered sensors for data collection

• Yicheng Shao,
• Maoliang Shen,
• Yuankai Zhou,
• Xin Cui,
• Lijie Li and
• Yan Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 680–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.54

• . Lee et al. proposed a based Hg2+ ion sensor based on ZnO nanowires and carbon nanotubes for detecting toxic pollutants [17]. The ZnO nanowire (NW) array acted as power source. When Hg2+ ions were detected, the system powered a light-emitting diode (LED). Li et al. designed a self-powered heavy metal

Fate and transformation of silver nanoparticles in different biological conditions

• Barbara Pem,
• Marija Ćurlin,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Rinea Barbir,
• Vedran Micek,
• Raluca M. Fratila,
• Jesus M. de la Fuente and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 665–679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.53

• TEM data revealed quite interesting results. Incubation of AgNO3 in the liver and brain homogenates led to the formation of small AgNPs as presented in Figure 4d and Figure 4e, which was confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) (Figure 4f and Figure 4g). Transformation of different

• etching process of AgNPs. The reformation of AgNPs from primary particles or released Ag+ was evidenced by the incubation of AgNO3 in liver and brain homogenates which led to the formation of small AgNPs. Moreover, NMR experiments demonstrated the crucial role of biothiols in this reformation process. Our

High-yield synthesis of silver nanowires for transparent conducting PET films

• Gul Naz,
• Hafsa Asghar,
• Muhammad Ramzan,
• Muhammad Arshad,
• Rashid Ahmed,
• Muhammad Bilal Tahir,
• Bakhtiar Ul Haq,
• Nadeem Baig and
• Junaid Jalil

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 624–632, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.51

• circuit including a white LED was utilized. Results and Discussion To determine the morphology, the as-prepared silver nanostructures were first characterized by UV–vis absorption spectroscopy. The absorption spectrum of AgNWs is a function of the dielectric material, the chemicals used, and the particle

• the impact on the conductivity and flexibility of the PET film. The flexible and transparent film was bent to demonstrate its curved surface and flexibility (Figure 2c). To test the electrical conductivity of the film, a white LED was used connected to a pair of batteries and the PET film in series to

• in the prepared sample. (e) An electric circuit with a lit white LED showing the conductivity of a AgNW-loaded PET film (with sandwiched logo of the institution). The circuit was placed on a glass table with green background. The bending test shows only little change in the sheet resistance of a AgNW

Nanoporous and nonporous conjugated donor–acceptor polymer semiconductors for photocatalytic hydrogen production

• Zhao-Qi Sheng,
• Yu-Qin Xing,
• Yan Chen,
• Guang Zhang,
• Shi-Yong Liu and
• Long Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 607–623, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.50

• a result, suppressed the PHP reaction. Incorporating a Se atom led to a redshifted light absorption, but decreased the charge carrier mobility due to the reduced aromaticity of the architecture. Consequently, the HERs declined in both cases. These results reveal that slight structural changes could

• of D–A polymers for PHP applications. For instance, Zhuang et al. [88] developed several cyano-substituted porous polymers, which, however, only led to moderate HERs, such as P71 (Figure 9) with a HER of 45.4 μmol·h−1 under visible light. Subsequently, Wang et al. reported two olefin-linked, cyano

Impact of GaAs(100) surface preparation on EQE of AZO/Al₂O₃/p-GaAs photovoltaic structures

• Piotr Caban,
• Rafał Pietruszka,
• Jarosław Kaszewski,
• Monika Ożga,
• Bartłomiej S. Witkowski,
• Krzysztof Kopalko,
• Piotr Kuźmiuk,
• Katarzyna Gwóźdź,
• Ewa Płaczek-Popko,
• Krystyna Lawniczak-Jablonska and
• Marek Godlewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 578–592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.48

• ) [23][24][25]. Therefore, one should limit the contact time of the GaAs substrate with air/water to an absolute minimum. The attempts that were made to either stop or at least reduce this phenomenon led to the use of surface passivation techniques. One of the well-known and effective methods to protect

The preparation temperature influences the physicochemical nature and activity of nanoceria

• Robert A. Yokel,
• Wendel Wohlleben,
• Johannes Georg Keller,
• Matthew L. Hancock,
• Jason M. Unrine,
• D. Allan Butterfield and
• Eric A. Grulke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 525–540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.43

• from partial nanoceria dissolution led to less cellular protein carbonyl formation, attributed to an increased amount of surface Ce3+ species. Surface reactivity was greater for the solvothermally synthesized nanoceria, which had more Ce3+ species at the surface. The results show that temperature

Determining amplitude and tilt of a lateral force microscopy sensor

• Oliver Gretz,
• Alfred J. Weymouth,
• Thomas Holzmann,
• Korbinian Pürckhauer and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 517–524, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.42

• values in a range of ±30% of the actual values. This led to almost equal values determined by the algorithm for A and θ, depending on the set error. In the case of our fits, we used eLIM = 0.1%, which resulted in a spread of A of 0.2%. To estimate the uncertainty of the fitted values of A and θ we

Rapid controlled synthesis of gold–platinum nanorods with excellent photothermal properties under 808 nm excitation

• Jialin Wang,
• Qianqian Duan,
• Min Yang,
• Boye Zhang,
• Li Guo,
• Pengcui Li,
• Wendong Zhang and
• Shengbo Sang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 462–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.37

• noticeable larger than the width at the middle and eventually led to dumbbell-like Au@Pt NRs. Furthermore, Pt deposition on the tip of AuNRs increases the aspect ratio, thereby redshifting the longitudinal LSPR peak to 836 nm, as shown in Figure 1d. These data are summarized in Table 1. In particular, the

Solution combustion synthesis of a nanometer-scale Co₃O₄ anode material for Li-ion batteries

• Monika Michalska,
• Huajun Xu,
• Qingmin Shan,
• Shiqiang Zhang,
• Yohan Dall'Agnese,
• Yu Gao,
• Amrita Jain and
• Marcin Krajewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 424–431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.34

• . [51] and Wen et al. [52]. Sahoo et al. [51] found that the size of Co3O4 materials synthesized through the SCS method increases, whereas its specific surface area decreases, with increasing process temperature. They reported that temperatures over 600 °C led to the formation of a material with a

A stretchable triboelectric nanogenerator made of silver-coated glass microspheres for human motion energy harvesting and self-powered sensing applications

• Hui Li,
• Yaju Zhang,
• Yonghui Wu,
• Hui Zhao,
• Weichao Wang,
• Xu He and
• Haiwu Zheng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 402–412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.32

• and 9.5 μA, respectively. The S-TENG with good stretchability (300%) can be produced in different shapes and placed on various parts of the body to harvest mechanical energy for charging capacitors and powering LED lights or scientific calculators. In addition, the good robustness of the S-TENG

• layer. The S-TENG can charge commercial capacitors and power LED lights and scientific calculators and has three distinct advantages. These advantages are: (a) It can be made into multiple shapes and placed on various parts of the body to harvest mechanical energy, requires only a simple fabrication

The impact of molecular tumor profiling on the design strategies for targeting myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors

• Nikola Geskovski,
• Nadica Matevska-Geshkovska,
• Simona Dimchevska Sazdovska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Kristina Mladenovska and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 375–401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.31

Intracranial recording in patients with aphasia using nanomaterial-based flexible electronics: promises and challenges

• Qingchun Wang and
• Wai Ting Siok

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 330–342, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.27

• comprehension and expression. Although Wernicke did not have empirical evidence to support the existence of conduction aphasia when he proposed the model, his prediction led to the discovery of this rare form of aphasia [12]. Wernicke’s model was later found to be inadequate in explaining several special types

• as alexia and agraphia. It has also led to the prediction of new aphasic types such as semantic dementia (loss of word meanings). With the advancement of techniques for microscopic examination of brain sections (i.e., histology), the associations between brain anatomy and functions became better

The patterning toolbox FIB-o-mat: Exploiting the full potential of focused helium ions for nanofabrication

• Victor Deinhart,
• Lisa-Marie Kern,
• Jan N. Kirchhof,
• Sabrina Juergensen,
• Joris Sturm,
• Enno Krauss,
• Thorsten Feichtner,
• Sviatoslav Kovalchuk,
• Michael Schneider,
• Dieter Engel,
• Bastian Pfau,
• Bert Hecht,
• Kirill I. Bolotin,
• Stephanie Reich and
• Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 304–318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.25

• round. Each monomer acts as a small dipole in our measurement configuration and its response is not very sensitive to its actual shape as long as surface roughness does not increase the scattering losses. Finite-difference time-domain modeling taking into account the slightly varying geometries led to

Characterization, bio-uptake and toxicity of polymer-coated silver nanoparticles and their interaction with human peripheral blood mononuclear cells

• Sahar Pourhoseini,
• Reilly T. Enos,
• Angela E. Murphy,
• Bo Cai and
• Jamie R. Lead

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 282–294, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.23

• with 10% fetal bovine serum and counted using a hemocytometer. This method led to more than 97% pure and live cells. Freshly isolated PBMCs were adjusted to 2.5 × 105 in 24 well-plates (Costar, ME, USA) for cell culture and bio-uptake experiments, and 2.5 × 104 cells in 96 well-plates (Corning

Gold(I) N-heterocyclic carbene precursors for focused electron beam-induced deposition

• Cristiano Glessi,
• Aya Mahgoub,
• Cornelis W. Hagen and
• Mats Tilset

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 257–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.21

• between sublimation temperature and growth rate is observed. However, it should be noted that the most volatile compound (Cl,Et)AuCF3 (7) led to the highest growth rate. Height and diameter of pillars grown from all precursors 1–7, used to calculate the volume, are plotted in Figure S20 in Supporting

• group expectedly led to better composition results for the smaller alkyl substituents (R = Me), accompanied by a decrease in volatility. Minor composition differences were registered for the variation of the X group, with X = Cl and CF3 leading to the best results. Of the tested precursors, the most

TiO_x/Pt₃Ti(111) surface-directed formation of electronically responsive supramolecular assemblies of tungsten oxide clusters

• Marco Moors,
• Yun An,
• Agnieszka Kuc and
• Kirill Yu. Monakhov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 203–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.16

• , the Pt3Ti(111) single crystal surface (purchased by MaTecK) was cleaned by several cycles of neon sputtering (p(Ne) = 1 × 10−5 mbar) for 10 min and subsequently annealed at 1200 K for 25 min until a sharp p(2×2) pattern was visible by LEED. This procedure led to a clean alloy surface with a single Pt

• (600 s at p(O2) = 1.33 × 10−6 mbar) at a sample temperature of 1000 K led to the formation of the w’-TiOx phase. The W3O9 clusters were deposited at room temperature by thermal evaporation of WO3 powder with a purity of 99.9% (Sigma-Aldrich) at 840 °C, resulting in a cluster deposition rate of 0.002

A review on the biological effects of nanomaterials on silkworm (Bombyx mori)

• Sandra Senyo Fometu,
• Guohua Wu,
• Lin Ma and
• Joan Shine Davids

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 190–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.15

• ] and antiviral properties [30]. TiO2 NPs improved the water and oxygen intake by spinach leaves [31], which led to an increase in the growth and germination rate of the spinach seeds. In addition, a higher percentage of dry weight and chlorophyll formation over the germination period of 30 days were

• the silkworm fat body. The treatment with TiO2 NPs activated the insulin signaling pathway of the silkworm by enhancing the metabolism of carbohydrates, proteins, and fat when compared to the control group. Ni et al. [120] reported that feeding silkworm larvae with 5 g/mL of TiO2 NPs led to the

• tissues and might have induced harmful effects on primary organs [133]. Chen et al. [134] studied the toxic effects of different concentrations (100, 200, and 400 mg/L) of Ag NPs on the midgut tissues of the silkworm. It was reported that increasing concentrations of Ag NPs led to the development of

Paper-based triboelectric nanogenerators and their applications: a review

• Jing Han,
• Nuo Xu,
• Yuchen Liang,
• Mei Ding,
• Junyi Zhai,
• Qijun Sun and
• Zhong Lin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 151–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.12

• [1][2]. Meanwhile, with the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoTs), the explosive growth of sensors has led to the massive use of batteries, which have also resulted in severe environmental issues in virtue of their short lifetime. In this regard, renewable energy sources, such as wind, wave

• generally stored in energy storage devices first. This can be performed by using a bridge rectifier and different types of capacitors. The charged capacitor is then used to power the target electronic devices, such as segmented LED display, liquid crystal display (LCD), and electroluminescence (EL) display

Fusion of purple membranes triggered by immobilization on carbon nanomembranes

• René Riedel,
• Natalie Frese,
• Fang Yang,
• Martin Wortmann,
• Raphael Dalpke,
• Daniel Rhinow,
• Norbert Hampp and
• Armin Gölzhäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 93–101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.8

• –5.2 nm indicated an intact crystalline structure. As expected from preliminary experiments, the measurements of the electrostatic potential shown in Figure 3d revealed a uniform orientation of PM. To further explore the fusion mechanism that led to the formation of a PM quasi-monolayer, the effects of

The role of gold atom concentration in the formation of Cu–Au nanoparticles from the gas phase

• Yuri Ya. Gafner,
• Svetlana L. Gafner,
• Darya A. Ryzkova and
• Andrey V. Nomoev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 72–81, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.6

• MD simulation, it was concluded that an increase in the percentage of gold atoms in the initial vapor phase led to a decrease in the size of the synthesized nanoparticles. In addition, it was found that clusters with a size of more than 400–500 atoms, regardless of the chemical composition of the

• recent years, a wide range of chemical methods have been successfully implemented for the synthesis of Cu–Au nanosystems of various percentages, the use of which led to the production of Cu–Au nanoparticles with spherical [4], pentagonal [5], rod-like [6][7], and cubic [8] shapes. Nanocrystals of a gold

Bulk chemical composition contrast from attractive forces in AFM force spectroscopy

• Dorothee Silbernagl,
• Media Ghasem Zadeh Khorasani,
• Natalia Cano Murillo,
• Anna Maria Elert and
• Heinz Sturm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 58–71, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.5

• before acting as a substrate for the boehmite layer. The right-side epoxy, however, was cured in the presence of boehmite. This led to an interphase region in the right-side epoxy, which differs significantly in its properties and structure when compared to the neat bulk epoxy. This is discussed in