Electrochemically derived functionalized graphene for bulk production of hydrogen peroxide

• Munaiah Yeddala,
• Pallavi Thakur,
• Anugraha A and
• Tharangattu N. Narayanan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 432–442, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.34

• Supporting Information File 1) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images indicate the formation of randomly oriented exfoliated graphene nanosheets [43]. However, the TEM images show that the thickness of the graphene increases from G-M1 to G-M4, where the G-M4 is found to block the electron beam despite

High dynamic resistance elements based on a Josephson junction array

• Konstantin Yu. Arutyunov and
• Janne S. Lehtinen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 417–420, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.32

• situ to form tunnel barriers. Each sample consisted of 25 pairs of JJs connected in parallel where the area of each superconductor–insulator–superconductor (SIS) contact was about 100 × 100 nm (Figure 1). The samples were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Figure 1) and atomic force

An advanced structural characterization of templated meso-macroporous carbon monoliths by small- and wide-angle scattering techniques

• Felix M. Badaczewski,
• Marc O. Loeh,
• Torben Pfaff,
• Dirk Wallacher,
• Daniel Clemens and
• Bernd M. Smarsly

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 310–322, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.23

• . The bimodal meso-macropore structure of these four carbon materials as well as of the meso-macroporous SiO2 monolith template was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) and physisorption. Figure 1 shows SEM images of the monolithic silica (grey) as well

Understanding nanoparticle flow with a new in vitro experimental and computational approach using hydrogel channels

• Armel Boutchuen,
• Dell Zimmerman,
• Abdollah Arabshahi,
• John Melnyczuk and
• Soubantika Palchoudhury

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 296–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.22

• ). The swelling behavior was highly influenced by the pH value of the solution. The selected gel formulation synthesized with 1.3 mL DI water showed an increased mass of 25% at pH 2, 30% at pH 13, and a maximum of 60% at pH 11. Figure 3 shows the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images of the different

High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor made of NiMoO₄ nanorods@Co₃O₄ on a cellulose-based carbon aerogel

• Meixia Wang,
• Jing Zhang,
• Xibin Yi,
• Benxue Liu,
• Xinfu Zhao and
• Xiaochan Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 240–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.18

• NiMoO4@Co3O4/CA composite was obtained. The morphology of CA, NiMoO4/CA, NiMoO4@ZIF-67/CA and NiMoO4@Co3O4/CA was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). As shown in Figure S1 in Supporting Information File 1, after the pyrolysis process, the volume

Recent progress in perovskite solar cells: the perovskite layer

• Xianfeng Dai,
• Ke Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 51–60, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.5

• , light-emitting diodes and photodetectors. Reproduced with permission from [63], copyright 2019 Royal Society of Chemistry. Scanning electron microscopy images of perovskite films prepared by the antisolvent deposition method treated with different solvents: (a) without antisolvent, (b) toluene, (c

Influence of the epitaxial composition on N-face GaN KOH etch kinetics determined by ICP-OES

• Markus Tautz,
• Maren T. Kuchenbrod,
• Joachim Hertkorn,
• Robert Weinberger,
• Martin Welzel,
• Arno Pfitzner and
• David Díaz Díaz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 41–50, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.4

• ICP-OES analysis. Methods PLM images were recorded directly after epitaxy on an Olympus BX51 microscope combined with an Olympus U-RFL-T UV light source. For excitation, 408 nm wavelength light was used. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was measured on a Bruker/Jordan Valley QC Velox. Scanning electron

• microscopy (SEM) images were recorded on a Zeiss Gemini Leo 1530 microscope with an acceleration voltage of 2 keV and SE2 detection. For ICP-OES determination of the etch rate, a Thermo Fisher iCAP 6500 device was used. Plasma conditions were 1150 W power, 1.5 L min−1 support gas stream, 0.5 L min−1 spray

Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

• Maximilian Wassner,
• Markus Eckardt,
• Andreas Reyer,
• Thomas Diemant,
• Michael S. Elsaesser,
• R. Jürgen Behm and
• Nicola Hüsing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1–15, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.1

• 150 °C). The as-synthesized carbon particles show a well-defined spherical shape with diameters of 330 ± 50 nm and a smooth surface (see also the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image in Figure 2a). Fe2O3 particles, as graphitization catalyst, are loaded successfully on pre-carbonized carbon

• Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images were recorded with a field-emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM, Zeiss Ultra Plus) at 10 to 12 keV beam energy. For imaging, the samples were deposited on a conducting carbon film. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) measurements were performed on

Synthesis and acetone sensing properties of ZnFe₂O₄/rGO gas sensors

• Kaidi Wu,
• Yifan Luo,
• Ying Li and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2516–2526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.242

• ZnFe2O4. In addition, the results of field-emission scanning electron microscopy and (high-resolution) transmission electron microscopy indicated that the synthesized samples had the structure of hollow spheres distributed uniformly onto rGO nanosheets. The diameters of the spheres were determined as

Formation of metal/semiconductor Cu–Si composite nanostructures

• Natalya V. Yumozhapova,
• Andrey V. Nomoev,
• Vyacheslav V. Syzrantsev and
• Erzhena C. Khartaeva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2497–2504, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.240

• core–shell, pure Cu and SiOx nanoparticles (1 < x < 2). a) Scanning electron microscopy image of the obtained Cu@SiOx nanoparticles (1 < x < 2); b) elemental mapping, dark (red): silicon, light (green): copper; с) EDX-spectrum. The distribution of the elements copper, silicon, and oxygen along a line

Label-free highly sensitive probe detection with novel hierarchical SERS substrates fabricated by nanoindentation and chemical reaction methods

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Yongda Yan,
• Li Wang,
• Peng Miao,
• Yimin Han,
• Xinming Zhang,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Yanquan Geng,
• Zhankun Weng,
• Daniel Laipple and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2483–2496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.239

• electron microscopy (SEM) images of the arrayed triangular cavities fabricated by different feeds before and after five minutes of corrosion time in AgNO3 solution are shown in Figure 1. Figure 1a shows SEM images of arrayed triangular cavities before corrosion of HCl and AgNO3. The triangular cavities

• include not only complex micro/nanostructures, but also Ag nanoparticles are generated on the Cu(110) surface. This method can be successfully applied to discriminate pesticide residues or viruses at very small quantities. Results and Discussion Morphological characterization for various feeds Scanning

pH-Controlled fluorescence switching in water-dispersed polymer brushes grafted to modified boron nitride nanotubes for cellular imaging

• Saban Kalay,
• Yurij Stetsyshyn,
• Volodymyr Donchak,
• Khrystyna Harhay,
• Ostap Lishchynskyi,
• Halyna Ohar,
• Yuriy Panchenko,
• Stanislav Voronov and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2428–2439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.233

• thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), dynamic light scattering (DLS), ultraviolet–visible spectrophotometry (UV–vis), laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The DLS results demonstrated that P(AA-co-FA)-functionalized BNNTs

• sonication, low speed (1000g, 5 min, 25 °C) centrifugation was carried out and the supernatant (see below Figure 1) was used for analysis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) The BNNTs were placed on a carbon disc and coated with a 5 nm thick gold layer using a Baltec SDC 005 sputter coater. SEM images were

Air oxidation of sulfur mustard gas simulants using a pyrene-based metal–organic framework photocatalyst

• Ghada Ayoub,
• Mihails Arhangelskis,
• Xuan Zhang,
• Florencia Son,
• Timur Islamoglu,
• Tomislav Friščić and
• Omar K. Farha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2422–2427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.232

• scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showing that bulk NU-400 material consists of octahedral crystals ranging in sizes from 1 to 5 microns (Figure S3, Supporting Information File 1). The microporous nature of NU-400 was established by N2 sorption measurements at 77 K, which revealed a Brunauer–Emmet

Semitransparent Sb₂S₃ thin film solar cells by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis for use in solar windows

• Jako S. Eensalu,
• Atanas Katerski,
• Erki Kärber,
• Lothar Weinhardt,
• Monika Blum,
• Clemens Heske,
• Wanli Yang,
• Ilona Oja Acik and
• Malle Krunks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.230

• the I–V measurements. Surface views, by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of 70 nm (a) and 100 nm (b) thick annealed Sb2S3 layers on a glass/ITO/TiO2 substrate. Photograph (c) of a 5 × 5 cm semitransparent (AVT 26%) stack of glass/ITO/TiO2/100 nm annealed Sb2S3, photographed by J. S. Eensalu. X-ray

Polyvinylpyrrolidone as additive for perovskite solar cells with water and isopropanol as solvents

• Chen Du,
• Shuo Wang,
• Xu Miao,
• Wenhai Sun,
• Yu Zhu,
• Chengyan Wang and
• Ruixin Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2374–2382, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.228

• chlorobenzene) at 4500 rpm for 20 s. The above preparation process was carried out under ambient conditions. Finally, the devices were completed by using thermal evaporation and deposited on an Au electrode. Characterization Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) images were obtained with a ZEISS

Atomic force acoustic microscopy reveals the influence of substrate stiffness and topography on cell behavior

• Yan Liu,
• Li Li,
• Xing Chen,
• Ying Wang,
• Meng-Nan Liu,
• Jin Yan,
• Liang Cao,
• Lu Wang and
• Zuo-Bin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2329–2337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.223

• ], confocal microscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) [12] and atomic force microscopy (AFM) [16][17] have been employed to investigate cell–substrate interactions. Fluorescence and confocal microscopy are traditional techniques to investigate the intra- and intercellular processes in biological studies

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

• CUR was in an internal location. Morphological analysis by scanning electron microscopy The morphological characteristics of the preparations with and without CUR were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Figure 4). Micrographs of formulations containing P407 and C974P revealed polymeric

Four self-made free surface electrospinning devices for high-throughput preparation of high-quality nanofibers

• Yue Fang and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2261–2274, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.218

• % PAN and 1 wt % SDBS was 2372 µs/cm, the working distance was 180 mm and the applied voltage was 40 kV. Characterization The morphology of the PAN nanofibers was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) (Hitachi S4800, Hitachi, Tokyo, Japan). The matrix morphology and the diameter of the

Design and facile synthesis of defect-rich C-MoS₂/rGO nanosheets for enhanced lithium–sulfur battery performance

• Chengxiang Tian,
• Juwei Wu,
• Zheng Ma,
• Bo Li,
• Pengcheng Li,
• Xiaotao Zu and
• Xia Xiang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2251–2260, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.217

• -4, C-MoS2/rGO-6, C-MoS2/rGO-8) with a 3:1 mass ratio was calcined at 155 °C for 12 h in a sealed vessel. Materials characterization The structure and morphology were investigated by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM, INSPECT F50) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM, ZEISS

Nontoxic pyrite iron sulfide nanocrystals as second electron acceptor in PTB7:PC₇₁BM-based organic photovoltaic cells

• Olivia Amargós-Reyes,
• José-Luis Maldonado,
• Omar Martínez-Alvarez,
• María-Elena Nicho,
• José Santos-Cruz,
• Juan Nicasio-Collazo,
• Irving Caballero-Quintana and
• Concepción Arenas-Arrocena

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2238–2250, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.216

• tunneling current (It) and the applied potential (U) are A = 50 nm × 50 nm, It = 500 pA and U = 450 mV. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of agglomerated FeS2 NCs is shown in Figure 3b. The results verify that the sizes of the NCs lie within the nanoscale regime (about 15 to 25 nm). The energy

Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe₂O₄/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation

• B. Rabindran Jermy,
• Vijaya Ravinayagam,
• Widyan A. Alamoudi,
• Dana Almohazey,
• Hatim Dafalla,
• Lina Hussain Allehaibi,
• Abdulhadi Baykal,
• Muhammet S. Toprak and
• Thirunavukkarasu Somanathan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214

• ), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) equipped with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) techniques. The study showed the high cisplatin release capability and targeted anticancer efficiency demonstrated in vitro in the breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Materials

Ultrathin Ni_1−xCo_xS₂ nanoflakes as high energy density electrode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors

• Xiaoxiang Wang,
• Teng Wang,
• Rusen Zhou,
• Lijuan Fan,
• Shengli Zhang,
• Feng Yu,
• Tuquabo Tesfamichael,
• Liwei Su and
• Hongxia Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2207–2216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.213

• . Notably, the influence of the substrate on the electrochemical performance can be neglected because of its small area of CV curves under the same scan rate (Figure S1, Supporting Information File 1). Material characterization Field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, JSM-7001F, JEOL) with energy

Use of data processing for rapid detection of the prostate-specific antigen biomarker using immunomagnetic sandwich-type sensors

• Camila A. Proença,
• Tayane A. Freitas,
• Thaísa A. Baldo,
• Elsa M. Materón,
• Flávio M. Shimizu,
• Gabriella R. Ferreira,
• Frederico L. F. Soares,
• Ronaldo C. Faria and
• Osvaldo N. Oliveira Jr.

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2171–2181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.210

• spectroscopy (FTIR), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and polarization-modulated infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy (PM-IRRAS, Figure S1) is described. The Silhouette coefficients calculated for IDMAP, Sammon’s mapping (SM), principal

Green and scalable synthesis of nanocrystalline kuramite

• Andrea Giaccherini,
• Giuseppe Cucinotta,
• Stefano Martinuzzi,
• Enrico Berretti,
• Werner Oberhauser,
• Alessandro Lavacchi,
• Giovanni Orazio Lepore,
• Giordano Montegrossi,
• Maurizio Romanelli,
• Antonio De Luca,
• Massimo Innocenti,
• Vanni Moggi Cecchi,
• Matteo Mannini,
• Antonella Buccianti and
• Francesco Di Benedetto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2073–2083, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.202

• of nanocrystalline kuramite by means of a simpler, greener and scalable solvothermal synthesis. We exploited a multianalytical characterization approach (X-ray diffraction, extended X-ray absorption fine structure, field emission scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and electronic

• (EXAFS) signal. EXAFS spectra were fitted through the use of ARTEMIS, FEFF8 and ATOMS software in the Fourier transform (FT) space [58][60][61]. Results Scanning electron microscopy Typical SEM images are presented in Figure 1 where no appreciable differences among the tens of observations performed on

• . We synthesized three samples using a solvothermal approach, which was carried out under mild conditions in ethylene glycol as a green solvent. We tackled the aforementioned difficulties in phase assignment by means of thorough characterization, including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron

Incorporation of doxorubicin in different polymer nanoparticles and their anticancer activity

• Sebastian Pieper,
• Hannah Onafuye,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Jindrich Cinatl Jr.,
• Mark N. Wass,
• Martin Michaelis and
• Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2062–2072, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.201

• were confirmed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images (Figure 2). Influence of the preparation technique on loading efficiency and drug release Loading efficiencies ranging from 25.5 ± 1.0% to 44.8 ± 5.8% of the applied doxorubicin were detected in the different nanoparticle preparations as shown

• measured at a temperature of 22 °C using a backscattering angle of 173°. The zeta potential was determined with the same instrument and the same diluted nanoparticle suspension by laser Doppler microelectrophoresis. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) For scanning electron microscopy (SEM), the particle