Multiwalled carbon nanotube based aromatic volatile organic compound sensor: sensitivity enhancement through 1-hexadecanethiol functionalisation

• Nadra Bohli,
• Meryem Belkilani,
• Juan Casanova-Chafer,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Adnane Abdelghani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2364–2373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.227

• toluene for various vapour concentrations injected at room temperature. The results show an increasing resistance with increasing concentration of the injected vapours. The adsorption of these vapours on the Au-MWCNT films leads to a reduction of the global sensor electrical conductivity. The lowest

• . The considerable decrease in the conductivity is due to the oxidizing nature of the injected vapours. As the tested oxygen-treated and gold-decorated MWCNTs are p-type semiconductors, the adsorption of the oxidant vapour molecules leads to a transfer of the majority carriers of p-type semiconductors

The role of Ag⁺, Ca²⁺, Pb²⁺ and Al³⁺ adions in the SERS turn-on effect of anionic analytes

• Stefania D. Iancu,
• Andrei Stefancu,
• Vlad Moisoiu,
• Loredana F. Leopold and
• Nicolae Leopold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2338–2345, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.224

• + adions in the specific adsorption of anionic analytes such as the citrate capping agent and three organic acids. Our results suggest an adion-specific adsorption mechanism: the adsorption of anionic analytes is facilitated by positively charged adions such as Ag+, Ca2+, Pb2+ or Al3+, which provide

• adsorption sites specific for the anionic analytes. The turn-on of the SERS effect is explained in the context of the chemical mechanism of SERS. The adions form SERS-active sites on the silver surface enabling a charge transfer between the adsorbate and the silver surface. High-intensity SERS spectra of

• of higher affinities to the silver surface as indicated by the SERS spectra of corresponding mixed solutions. Keywords: adion-specific adsorption model; cation bridging; Raman; surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS); Introduction Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) is an ultrasensitive

Adsorption and desorption of self-assembled L-cysteine monolayers on nanoporous gold monitored by in situ resistometry

• Elisabeth Hengge,
• Eva-Maria Steyskal,
• Rupert Bachler,
• Alexander Dennig,
• Bernd Nidetzky and
• Roland Würschum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2275–2279, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.219

• approaches to modify a gold surface. However, only few techniques are capable of characterizing the formation of these monolayers on porous substrates. Here, we present a method to in situ monitor the adsorption and desorption of self-assembled monolayers on nanoporous gold by resistometry, using cysteine as

• example. During the adsorption an overall relative change in resistance of 18% is detected, which occurs in three distinct stages. First, the cysteine molecules are adsorbed on the outer surface. In the second stage, they are adsorbed on the internal surfaces and in the last stage the reordering

• accompanied by additional adsorption takes place. The successful binding of cysteine on the Au surface was confirmed by cyclic voltammetry, which showed a significant decrease of the double-layer capacitance. Also, the electrochemically controlled desorption of cysteine was monitored by concomitant in situ

Design and facile synthesis of defect-rich C-MoS₂/rGO nanosheets for enhanced lithium–sulfur battery performance

• Chengxiang Tian,
• Juwei Wu,
• Zheng Ma,
• Bo Li,
• Pengcheng Li,
• Xiaotao Zu and
• Xia Xiang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2251–2260, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.217

• . However, the capacity of carbon and sulfur composite cathodes generally fades rapidly during long-term cycling, because the carbon materials can provide only inferior physical adsorption to the polar Li2Sn [16]. Once Li2Sn is solvated, it dissolves easily in the electrolyte from the electrode surface and

• adsorption of polysulfides [23][24]. However, the low conductivity of MoS2 often results in incomplete conversion of polysulfides. Thus, MoS2 is usually combined with carbon materials and annealing treatment is also considered [25][26]. Hence, double modification of defect-rich MoS2 nanosheets with amorphous

• -rays as the excitation source. Raman spectra were collected using a Witec alpha 300M+ instrument with an excitation laser wavelength of 488 nm. Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherm measurements were conducted at 77 K using a micromeritics system (JW-BK132F). The contents of amorphous carbon, rGO and

Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe₂O₄/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation

• B. Rabindran Jermy,
• Vijaya Ravinayagam,
• Widyan A. Alamoudi,
• Dana Almohazey,
• Hatim Dafalla,
• Lina Hussain Allehaibi,
• Abdulhadi Baykal,
• Muhammet S. Toprak and
• Thirunavukkarasu Somanathan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214

• theranostic applications. In this study, 30 wt % CuFe2O4 was impregnated into a matrix of monodispersed spherical hydrophilic silica (HYPS) nanoparticles through a simple dry impregnation technique. The chemotherapy drug cisplatin was loaded through electrostatic equilibrium adsorption over 24 h in normal

• adsorption technique (Figure 2). HYPS particles show a type IV isotherm corresponding to the presence of mesopores. The silica hysteresis loop tends to be present at a higher relative pressure of P/P0 > 0.8. The HYPS texture exhibited a surface area of 170 m2/g, pore volume of 0.35 cm3/g with an intermediate

• structure (Figure 6a). Remarkably, after platinum adsorption, the CuFe2O4/HYPS sample showed an enhanced peak absorption up to 700 nm. A small absorption peak at about 224 nm showed the presence of tetrahedral coordinated Pt nanoclusters, while a significant enhancement of the absorption peak between 350

Ultrathin Ni_1−xCo_xS₂ nanoflakes as high energy density electrode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors

• Xiaoxiang Wang,
• Teng Wang,
• Rusen Zhou,
• Lijuan Fan,
• Shengli Zhang,
• Feng Yu,
• Tuquabo Tesfamichael,
• Liwei Su and
• Hongxia Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2207–2216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.213

• ]. Currently, carbon-based electrical double-layer capacitors (EDLCs) are commercially available, but they exhibit only a low energy density because of physical charge storage processes due to the adsorption/desorption of ions at the electrode–electrolyte interfaces [3]. These drawbacks have hindered further

• adsorption and desorption of nitrogen molecules [28]. N2 molecules can only access the exposed exterior surface, whereas the interlayer space can be easily accessed by electrolyte ions during the charge/discharge process [29]. Additionally, Ni1−xCoxS2 possesses a small pore sizes distribution with a mean

Use of data processing for rapid detection of the prostate-specific antigen biomarker using immunomagnetic sandwich-type sensors

• Camila A. Proença,
• Tayane A. Freitas,
• Thaísa A. Baldo,
• Elsa M. Materón,
• Flávio M. Shimizu,
• Gabriella R. Ferreira,
• Frederico L. F. Soares,
• Ronaldo C. Faria and
• Osvaldo N. Oliveira Jr.

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2171–2181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.210

• electrochemical responses for all immunosensors. The detection mechanism for the immunosensors is likely an adsorption process, which is common for this type of sensor. We verified this hypothesis by modeling the amperometric responses for PSA antigen at concentrations from 12.5 to 1111 fg·mL−1 in Figure 2, where

• a Langmuir–Freundlich equation (Equation 2) was used to fit the data: where Qm is the adsorption capacity in nA, Ka is the adsorption affinity constant in milliliter per femtogram, Ceq is the concentration of the analyte in solution and n is a dimensionless index of heterogeneity, which varies

• polymer-based immunosensor [34][55]. This rather low value is expected for biosensors where the index n is characteristic of heterogeneous adsorption with polyclonal biomolecules that have many active sites with different degrees of affinity and selectivity. Application of the immunosensor in real samples

BergaCare SmartLipids: commercial lipophilic active concentrates for improved performance of dermal products

• Florence Olechowski,
• Rainer H. Müller and
• Sung Min Pyo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2152–2162, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.208

• ” effect are a key topic. Cosmetic formulations can reduce the adsorption of particulate matter onto the skin and minimize related negative skin effects. Thus, the effective restauration of the skin barrier is an important feature of lipid nanoparticles [25], and a long residence time of the particles on

Improved adsorption and degradation performance by S-doping of (001)-TiO₂

• Xiao-Yu Sun,
• Xian Zhang,
• Xiao Sun,
• Ni-Xian Qian,
• Min Wang and
• Yong-Qing Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2116–2127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.206

• − at a ratio of RS/Ti = 1 and also in the form of S6+ replacing Ti4+ at RS/Ti ≥ 2. As a result, S-doping causes a lattice distortion, because the ionic radii of S2− and S6+ differ from that of the O2− and Ti4+ ions. (2) S-doping increases the adsorption coefficient Ae for methylene blue (MB) from 0.9

• % to 68.5% due to the synergistic effects of the oxygen vacancies, increased number of surface chemical adsorption centers as a result of SO42− adsorption on the TiO2 surface and the larger pore size. (3) S-doping increases the MB degradation rate from 6.9 × 10−2 min−1 to 18.2 × 10−2 min−1 due to an

• the differently exposed crystal faces have different atomic and electronic structures and surface energy. This results in differences in the adsorption capacity regarding pollutant molecules and in the electron transfer properties of TiO2 [8][9]. It is widely believed that the exposed (001) face has a

Microbubbles decorated with dendronized magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical imaging: effective stabilization via fluorous interactions

• Da Shi,
• Justine Wallyn,
• Dinh-Vu Nguyen,
• Francis Perton,
• Delphine Felder-Flesch,
• Sylvie Bégin-Colin,
• Mounir Maaloum and
• Marie Pierre Krafft

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2103–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.205

• spontaneous adsorption of IONP@CnX2n+1OEG8Den at the interface between air or air saturated with perfluorohexane and an aqueous phase establishes that exposure to the fluorocarbon gas markedly increases the rate of adsorption of the dendronized IONPs to the gas/water interface and decreases the equilibrium

•  1). First, we present the synthesis and the characterization of the IONPs grafted with the selected dendrons (IONP@CnX2n+1OEG8Den). Second, we report the adsorption kinetics of IONP@CnX2n+1OEG8Den at the interface between air or F-hexane-saturated air and water. Third, we discuss the size and

• did not preclude performing the adsorption kinetics studies. Altogether, owing to their dendritic structure, the OEG chains were found to confer excellent dispersibility and stability to the IONPs [33]. Adsorption kinetics of dendronized nanoparticles at the gas/liquid interface The adsorption of the

Ion mobility and material transport on KBr in air as a function of the relative humidity

• Dominik J. Kirpal,
• Korbinian Pürckhauer,
• Alfred J. Weymouth and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2084–2093, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.203

• edge length and structure size is large enough the material transport is mainly driven by adsorption and dissolution at the step edges. To understand why that would lead to higher material transport, we consider a circular accumulation or defect with a total number of atoms N. With a radius r and

Incorporation of doxorubicin in different polymer nanoparticles and their anticancer activity

• Sebastian Pieper,
• Hannah Onafuye,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Jindrich Cinatl Jr.,
• Mark N. Wass,
• Martin Michaelis and
• Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2062–2072, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.201

• was not increased substantially further using PLGA-PEG nanoparticles. A slight drop in the doxorubicin concentration was noticeable in the medium of the PLGA nanoparticles. This may be the consequence of doxorubicin adsorption to BSA [49], which was added to simulate the presence of plasma proteins

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

• of 257 m2 g−1 and micropore volume of 0.110 cm3 g−1. The pore width distribution calculated from the adsorption branches of the isotherm using the NLDFT method is presented in the inset of Figure 4. The same procedure was applied for the characterization of other (treated) titanosilicates. The Hg

• the surface acid/basic site density and intrinsic acid/basic adsorption capacity of the titanosilicates, as calculated by The results of the CO2 TPD in the parent and treated titanosilicates are presented in Figure 12B. The TPD curve of Na,K-ETS-10 reveals two distinct peaks in the range ≈320–420 K

• to the expected surface dehydroxylation resulting from the high-temperature treatment. The obtained surface basic site density and corresponding intrinsic adsorption capacity are presented in Table 2. Surface characterization of the ETS-10-based titanosilicates by 29Si MAS NMR For quantitative

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• nanochannels that can adsorb moisture. Under relatively high humidity conditions, the adsorption of water molecules expands the nanochannels resulting in internal stress generation. These changes can be sensitively detected by the triboelectric nanogenerator. At the same time, the collection of such electrical

• particles [122]. Mesoporous carbons were used for sensing of tannins in acidic aqueous environment with highly cooperative adsorption in the mesochannels [123]. The nanoarchitectonic construction of carbon nanocages with high surface mesoporous structures [124] was integrated with electrospun polymer fibers

• intramolecular proton transfer. The adsorption of water molecules into the micropores induces interconversion between the hydrated and dehydrated phase, accompanied by the switching on and off of the excited state intramolecular proton transfer, resulting in sensitive switching between two-color

Gold-coated plant virus as computed tomography imaging contrast agent

• Alaa A. A. Aljabali,
• Mazhar S. Al Zoubi,
• Khalid M. Al-Batanyeh,
• Ali Al-Radaideh,
• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Abeer Al Sharabi,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Bayan AbuFares,
• Tasnim Al-Zanati,
• Murtaza M. Tambuwala,
• Naveed Akbar and
• David J. Evans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1983–1993, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.195

• computed tomography (CT) imaging in vitro. The gold-coated cowpea mosaic virus (Au-CPMV) particles were generated by the electrostatic adsorption of positively charged electrolyte on the virus capsid with the subsequent incubation and reduction of anionic gold complexes. Au-CPMV particles as a CT contrast

• synthesized based on the previously described method [30], by the adsorption of positively charged polymer on the CPMV virus capsid followed by subsequent reduction of gold ions onto the virus capsid. The approach allowed for the control of the size and generated a highly monodisperse distribution with

Pulsed laser synthesis of highly active Ag–Rh and Ag–Pt antenna–reactor-type plasmonic catalysts

• Kenneth A. Kane and
• Massimo F. Bertino

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1958–1963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.192

• [1]. Plasmonic coupling results in an increase in the magnitude of the LSPR-induced electric fields. The selective adsorption of NP groupings to the Ag nanostructure concavities may be a result of LSPR-induced electric fields, which are largest in these highly angular regions. The mixed Ag–Pt colloid

The influence of porosity on nanoparticle formation in hierarchical aluminophosphates

• Matthew E. Potter,
• Lauren N. Riley,
• Alice E. Oakley,
• Panashe M. Mhembere,
• June Callison and
• Robert Raja

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1952–1957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.191

• greater disparity (IW 511 nm, AE 529 nm). This is likely due to the wider range of possible deposition sites and environments, though overall the systems are in good agreement. X-ray adsorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to probe the gold species, but only subtle variations between the systems was

Facile synthesis of carbon nanotube-supported NiO//Fe₂O₃ for all-solid-state supercapacitors

• Shengming Zhang,
• Xuhui Wang,
• Yan Li,
• Xuemei Mu,
• Yaxiong Zhang,
• Jingwei Du,
• Guo Liu,
• Xiaohui Hua,
• Yingzhuo Sheng,
• Erqing Xie and
• Zhenxing Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1923–1932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.188

• the as-obtained CC-CNT@Fe2O3 is shown in Figure 2b, where Fe2O3 coats all carbon fibers well. The space between CNTs provides enormous room for Fe2O3 growth, and the obtained CNT@Fe2O3 are entangled with each other and sticky to the CC (Figure 2c). N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm and Barrett–Joyner

• CC-CNT substrate by the same method as Fe2O3. As shown in Figure 5a, NiO is homogeneously coated on CC-CNT forming porous structures. N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm and BJH pore size distribution of CC-CNT@NiO are shown in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S7. It is a type-IV isotherm

Preservation of rutin nanosuspensions without the use of preservatives

• Pascal L. Stahr and
• Cornelia M. Keck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1902–1913, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.185

• preservatives. In previous studies it was already found that preservatives can strongly impair the physical stability of the nanosuspensions. Reasons for this are changes of pH value or of the conductivity of the dispersion medium, or the adsorption of the preservatives onto the surface of the particles, which

Charge-transfer interactions between fullerenes and a mesoporous tetrathiafulvalene-based metal–organic framework

• Manuel Souto,
• Joaquín Calbo,
• Samuel Mañas-Valero,
• Aron Walsh and
• Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1883–1893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.183

• exhibits an enhanced catalytic activity for the aerobic oxidation of dibenzothiophene in diesel [52], and a reversible continuous breathing upon adsorption of different solvents [53]. Importantly, the planarity of the TTF ligands can be modulated by the breathing behaviour, which directly impacts on its

• linkers was found to be 1.1 V (vs Ag/AgCl) [53] and the redox potential of C60 is −0.33 V (vs Ag/AgCl). Gas sorption measurements The porosity of C60@MUV-2 was studied by means of N2 and CO2 adsorption isotherm measurements (Figure 4). The measurement of nitrogen at 77 K yielded a combination of type-I

• on the solid state by dispersing the crystals in KBr pellets. Nitrogen adsorption isotherms were measured using a TriStar II PLUS apparatus (Micromeritics) at 77 K. The BET surface area was calculated by using the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller equation. The high-pressure CO2 adsorption isotherms were

Engineered superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for dual-modality imaging of intracranial glioblastoma via EGFRvIII targeting

• Xianping Liu,
• Chengjuan Du,
• Haichun Li,
• Ting Jiang,
• Zimiao Luo,
• Zhiqing Pang,
• Daoying Geng and
• Jun Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1860–1872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.181

• proteins, resulting in the formation of protein corona [48][49]. To minimize the adverse effects of the presence of the protein corona in vivo, the surface coating using PEG can endow the NPs with so-called “stealth” properties to reduce the adsorption of high molecular weight proteins, allowing them to

Long-term entrapment and temperature-controlled-release of SF₆ gas in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)

• Hana Bunzen,
• Andreas Kalytta-Mewes,
• Leo van Wüllen and
• Dirk Volkmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1851–1859, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.180

• frameworks (MOFs); sulfur hexafluoride; Introduction Metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) are coordination polymers with organic ligands containing (potential) voids [1]. Their porosity and high surface area make them attractive materials for adsorption-based applications [2][3][4][5]. MOFs have been suggested

• as promising materials for gas storage of attractive fuel gases such as hydrogen [6][7][8] or methane [9][10][11]. In these applications the gas is adsorbed inside the pores. To enhance the guest adsorption in MOFs, several different approaches have been introduced over the last few years. These

Processing nanoporous organic polymers in liquid amines

• Jeehye Byun,
• Damien Thirion and
• Cafer T. Yavuz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1844–1850, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.179

• such as gas adsorption and storage [2], water purification [3], energy storage [4], and catalysis [5], where the large and permanent voids in nanoporous polymers provide room to accommodate target substrates and guest molecules. A series of nanoporous polymers have been reported, namely covalent

• adsorption [28]. In a customized gravimetric analysis setup (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3), COP-100 and COP-100-Film were tested for CO2 uptake, where 9% and 2.4% of CO2 sorption were observed in 3 h at 40 °C, respectively (Figure 6a). Despite the far worse CO2 adsorption performance compared to

• membranes processed from nanoporous polymers should be tested for gas/liquid adsorption applications [31], as the functionalities of nanoporous polymers remain intact even after the processing. The remaining amines and newly formed amide functionalities in the nanoporous polymers would provide an additional

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• well investigated [51][52][53][54][55][56][57]. As the most abundant intracellular biothiols are cysteine (CYS) and glutathione (GSH), their role in intracellular sulfidation and/or adsorption on the surface of NPs should be considered during the evaluation of efficacy, safety and behavior of AgNPs and

The impact of crystal size and temperature on the adsorption-induced flexibility of the Zr-based metal–organic framework DUT-98

• Simon Krause,
• Volodymyr Bon,
• Hongchu Du,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski,
• Ulrich Stoeck,
• Irena Senkovska and
• Stefan Kaskel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1737–1744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.169

• contribution we analyze the influence of adsorption cycling, crystal size, and temperature on the switching behavior of the flexible Zr-based metal–organic framework DUT-98. We observe a shift in the gate-opening pressure upon cycling of adsorption experiments for micrometer-sized crystals and assign this to a

• fragmentation of the crystals. In a series of samples, the average crystal size of DUT-98 crystals was varied from 120 µm to 50 nm and the obtained solids were characterized by X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, as well as scanning and transmission electron microscopy. We analyzed the adsorption behavior

• by nitrogen and water adsorption at 77 K and 298 K, respectively, and show that adsorption-induced flexibility is only observed for micrometer-sized crystals. Nanometer-sized crystals were found to exhibit reversible type I adsorption behavior upon adsorption of nitrogen and exhibit a crystal-size