BergaCare SmartLipids: commercial lipophilic active concentrates for improved performance of dermal products

• Florence Olechowski,
• Rainer H. Müller and
• Sung Min Pyo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2152–2162, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.208

• reduction of side effects (e.g., skin irritation through sensitizing active agents), which improves the skin tolerability. Regulatory aspects, such as submicron particle status, excipients, and certifications, are also discussed. Keywords: chemical stabilization of active agents; controlled release; firm

• with water. Controlled release is not possible due to the high diffusion coefficient, D, in oils of low viscosity (Einstein equation). Release typically takes place very fast within seconds or milliseconds [1]. The age of smart delivery systems for skin started with the introduction of liposomes to the

• carrier system should provide the ability to control the release of active agents. A prolonged release is desirable in many formulations, e.g., in anti-aging compounds such as retinol. A controlled release is also desirable for active agents having a skin irritation potential, because concentrations that

Long-term entrapment and temperature-controlled-release of SF₆ gas in metal–organic frameworks (MOFs)

• Hana Bunzen,
• Andreas Kalytta-Mewes,
• Leo van Wüllen and
• Dirk Volkmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1851–1859, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.180

Microfluidic manufacturing of different niosomes nanoparticles for curcumin encapsulation: Physical characteristics, encapsulation efficacy, and drug release

• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Ibrahim Khadra,
• Abdullah Albaloushi,
• Margaret Mullin,
• Hanin Alyamani and
• Valerie A. Ferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1826–1832, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.177

• electron microscopy. Curcumin was encapsulated with a maximum encapsulation efficiency of around 60% using Tween 85 as the non-ionic surfactant. Niosomes prepared by microfluidic mixing provided a controlled release of curcumin, as indicated by the release profile of curcumin, improving its therapeutic

Layered double hydroxide/sepiolite hybrid nanoarchitectures for the controlled release of herbicides

• Ediana Paula Rebitski,
• Margarita Darder and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1679–1690, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.163

• for agricultural applications. In order to achieve a more controlled release of the herbicide and to act for several days on the surface of the soil, the hybrid nanoarchitectures were encapsulated in a biopolymer matrix of alginate/zein and shaped into spheres. In in vitro tests carried out in

• bidistilled water, a continuous release of MCPA from the bionanocomposite beads was achieved for more than a week, while the non-encapsulated materials released the 100% of MCPA in 48 h. Besides, the encapsulation may allow for better handling and transport of the herbicide. Keywords: controlled release

• components in diverse electrochemical devices (such as supercapacitors, sensors, and biosensors), in drug delivery and controlled-release formulations, or in non-viral gene transfection [21][22][23][24][25][26]. The fact that the stability of LDH varies with the pH value has proved advantageous in some of

Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy

• Boris N. Khlebtsov,
• Andrey M. Burov,
• Timofey E. Pylaev and
• Nikolai G. Khlebtsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79

• conditions (nanoparticle adsorption and uptake, the irradiation fluence, CW or pulsed irradiation regime), the local heating is not harmful to the treated cells and can be used as a physical way for laser optoporation and controlled release [50]. In our case, the localized character of heating at 2 W/cm2 of

Enhanced antineoplastic/therapeutic efficacy using 5-fluorouracil-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Shanid Mohiyuddin,
• Saba Naqvi and
• Gopinath Packirisamy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2499–2515, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.233

• excellent loading efficiency, biodegradable nature and controlled-release behaviour. Herein, we report a novel system of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-loaded calcium phosphate nanoparticles (CaP@5-FU NPs) synthesized via a reverse micelle method. The formation of monodispersed, spherical, crystalline nanoparticles

Nanoconjugates of a calixresorcinarene derivative with methoxy poly(ethylene glycol) fragments for drug encapsulation

• Alina M. Ermakova,
• Julia E. Morozova,
• Yana V. Shalaeva,
• Victor V. Syakaev,
• Aidar T. Gubaidullin,
• Alexandra D. Voloshina,
• Vladimir V. Zobov,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Olga B. Bazanova,
• Igor S. Antipin and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2057–2070, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.195

• -buffered saline, the micelles of the macrocycle acquire thermoresponsive properties and exhibit a temperature-controlled release of doxorubicin in vitro. The combination of the low toxicity and the encapsulation properties of the obtained calixresorcinarene–mPEG conjugate shows promising potential for the

• use as a supramolecular drug-delivery system. Keywords: calixresorcinarene; drug encapsulation; hemotoxicity; methoxy poly(ethylene glycol); temperature-controlled release; Introduction One of the acute problems of modern medicinal therapy is the development of novel drug-delivery systems with low

Fabrication of photothermally active poly(vinyl alcohol) films with gold nanostars for antibacterial applications

• Mykola Borzenkov,
• Maria Moros,
• Claudia Tortiglione,
• Serena Bertoldi,
• Nicola Contessi,
• Silvia Faré,
• Angelo Taglietti,
• Agnese D’Agostino,
• Piersandro Pallavicini,
• Maddalena Collini and
• Giuseppe Chirico

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2040–2048, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.193

• given to the optimization of GNS loading into the films, aiming to increasing the efficiency in bacteria and biofilm eradication under low laser power. In addition, photothermal-triggered controlled release of antibacterial compounds as a synergic effect will be also investigated. These strategies will

Biomimetic and biodegradable cellulose acetate scaffolds loaded with dexamethasone for bone implants

• Aikaterini-Rafailia Tsiapla,
• Varvara Karagkiozaki,
• Veroniki Bakola,
• Foteini Pappa,
• Panagiota Gkertsiou,
• Eleni Pavlidou and
• Stergios Logothetidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1986–1994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.189

• inflammations along with a simultaneous controlled release of the drug. Keywords: drug delivery; electrospinning; nanocoatings; orthopedics; tissue engineering; Introduction The application of nanotechnology in medicine, known as nanomedicine, aims to overcome problems associated with diseases at the

• matrix during which the degradation of the polymer is most important. The drug is released as the CA fibers melt. Generally, a slow and controlled release was observed up to six months, reaching a release rate of approximately 96.8% after 175 days. The release of dexamethasone from the scaffold was

• successful fabrication of those structures. The release of dexamethasone exhibited a biphasic release pattern, with an initial burst on the first day, followed by a slow and controlled release. In vitro degradation studies were performed and verified that the degradation rate of the drug-loaded scaffolds was

A visible-light-controlled platform for prolonged drug release based on Ag-doped TiO₂ nanotubes with a hydrophobic layer

• Caihong Liang,
• Jiang Wen and
• Xiaoming Liao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1793–1801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.170

• exhibit promising application as a localized, prolonged drug delivery platform. Keywords: Ag doping; drug delivery; hydrophobic layer; prolonged drug release; TiO2 nanotubes; visible-light-controlled release; Introduction Titanium dioxide nanotubes (TNTs) are often employed as drug carriers, owing to

• because of the existence of the hydrophobic layer and the smaller opening at the top of the TNT layer. Furthermore, the highly controlled release of drugs can be achieved by applying visible light, while the drug delivery process can be prolonged by the smaller opening of top layer. Results and Discussion

Closed polymer containers based on phenylboronic esters of resorcinarenes

• Tatiana Yu. Sergeeva,
• Rezeda K. Mukhitova,
• Irek R. Nizameev,
• Marsil K. Kadirov,
• Polina D. Klypina,
• Albina Y. Ziganshina and
• Alexander I. Konovalov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1594–1601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.151

• . Glucose-controlled release of fluorescein from D@p(SRA-B) 0.3 mL of a glucose solution (4 mM) in water and 2.4 mL of distilled water were added to 0.3 mL of D@p(SRA-B) aqueous solution (2.7 mg/mL). The fluorescent spectra were recorded after 0, 1, 2, 5 and 10 min. To study the kinetics of the glucose

Bi-layer sandwich film for antibacterial catheters

• Gerhard Franz,
• Florian Schamberger,
• Hamideh Heidari Zare,
• Sara Felicitas Bröskamp and
• Dieter Jocham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1982–2001, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.199

• passivate the reagent, thereby reducing the impact of retarded controlled release of Ag+ ions. An upper thickness limit of 500 nm is required to deliver an Ag+ concentration into the urine that suppresses the density of bacteria below a certain level, the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC). This has

Association of aescin with β- and γ-cyclodextrins studied by DFT calculations and spectroscopic methods

• Ana I. Ramos,
• Pedro D. Vaz,
• Susana S. Braga and
• Artur M. S. Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 348–357, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.37

• resource to controlled release strategies, which can be achieved by encapsulating aescin into liposomes [2][3], phytosomes (phospholipidic self-emulsifying particles) [10], zeolites [11], poly(lactic co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles [12] or cyclodextrins. Cyclodextrins are cyclic oligosaccharides, typically

Preparation of alginate–chitosan–cyclodextrin micro- and nanoparticles loaded with anti-tuberculosis compounds

• Albert Ivancic,
• Fliur Macaev,
• Fatma Aksakal,
• Veaceslav Boldescu,
• Serghei Pogrebnoi and
• Gheorghe Duca

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1208–1218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.112

• the delivery of a celecoxib–hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin–PVP complex [3] and for the controlled release of insulin after oral delivery [4][5]. Since these were mainly administered through the digestive tract, their sizes were only determined by bioavailability, and not by aerosol stability as in the

Reconstitution of the membrane protein OmpF into biomimetic block copolymer–phospholipid hybrid membranes

• Matthias Bieligmeyer,
• Franjo Artukovic,
• Stephan Nussberger,
• Thomas Hirth,
• Thomas Schiestel and
• Michaela Müller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 881–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.80

• high potential in technical applications, for example the desalination of water using aquaporins or the controlled release of antibiotics from OmpF-functionalized nanoreactors [11][12][13][14][15]. Although the chemical and physical properties of natural phospholipid bilayers are optimized for the

pH-Triggered release from surface-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles

• Manuel Häuser,
• Klaus Langer and
• Monika Schönhoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2504–2512, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.260

• modified by successive adsorption of four polyelectrolyte layers in total, containing in particular the weak polyanion PAA. We demonstrate that an appropriate pH stimulus induces a controlled release of the polycationic species poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC). The successful pH-triggered

Fabrication of hybrid nanocomposite scaffolds by incorporating ligand-free hydroxyapatite nanoparticles into biodegradable polymer scaffolds and release studies

• Balazs Farkas,
• Marina Rodio,
• Ilaria Romano,
• Alberto Diaspro,
• Romuald Intartaglia and
• Szabolcs Beke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2217–2223, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.227

• methods (PLA and MPExSL) to incorporate hydroxyapatite nanoparticles (HA NPs) into a biodegradable polymer resin. Ligand-free production of NPs can be considered a green route of NP synthesis that is beneficial for biological applications. HA NP release test was performed and showed that a controlled

• release of HA NPs is feasible and highly favorable since the HA is widely utilized along with prosthetics these days and can only supply the particles for a few days before the pure, sprayed-up HA layer completely disperses into the surrounding tissue. With the PPF-HA NP resin, a stable dosing can be

Analyzing collaboration networks and developmental patterns of nano-enabled drug delivery (NEDD) for brain cancer

• Ying Huang,
• Jing Ma,
• Alan L. Porter,
• Seokbeom Kwon and
• Donghua Zhu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1666–1676, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.169

• exposure of the pharmaceutical through controlled release. Thus, NEDD provides a novel approach to medical therapy, including treatment of chronic diseases and genetic disorders [5]. At the present, various kinds of nanoparticles have been developed as drug carriers, such as liposomes, micelles, polymeric

PLGA nanoparticles as a platform for vitamin D-based cancer therapy

• Maria J. Ramalho,
• Joana A. Loureiro,
• Bárbara Gomes,
• Manuela F. Frasco,
• Manuel A. N. Coelho and
• M. Carmo Pereira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1306–1318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.135

• to work as cytoplasmic delivery vehicles. Also, because calcitriol has a short half-life, its entrapment in PLGA NPs allows vitamin protection, sustained and controlled delivery, thus avoiding drug degradation and inactivation. The sustained and controlled release of the prepared PLGA NPs explains

Silica micro/nanospheres for theranostics: from bimodal MRI and fluorescent imaging probes to cancer therapy

• Shanka Walia and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 546–558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.57

• materials [8], for controlled delivery [9], and in biotechnology for the controlled release of biomolecules such as small drugs [10], therapeutic proteins [11], antibiotics [12], and antibodies [13]. In MRI, the relative difference of the signal intensity between two adjoining tissues can be improved by

Pulmonary surfactant augments cytotoxicity of silica nanoparticles: Studies on an in vitro air–blood barrier model

• Jennifer Y. Kasper,
• Lisa Feiden,
• Maria I. Hermanns,
• Christoph Bantz,
• Michael Maskos,
• Ronald E. Unger and
• C. James Kirkpatrick

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 517–528, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.54

• as drug delivery vehicles for the controlled release of drugs [28][29]. However, others have shown that the toxicity of functionalized NPs is cell type-dependent, as they were able to demonstrate that carboxyl-functionalized NPs caused toxic effects in a macrophage cell line, RAW264.7, and a human

Release behaviour and toxicity evaluation of levodopa from carboxylated single-walled carbon nanotubes

• Julia M. Tan,
• Jhi Biau Foo,
• Sharida Fakurazi and
• Mohd Zobir Hussein

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 243–253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.23

• nanohybrid possessed favourable sustained and controlled release properties as a drug carrier. In vitro bioassay PC12 cell lines PC12 is one of the most widely applied neuronal cell lines and can be used as a model to study secretory activity and catecholamine metabolism and regulation. In this study, we

• controlled release properties of the material using a Lambda 35 spectrophotometer (Perkin Elmer, Boston, MA). In order to study the functional groups present in the materials, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the samples were recorded over the range of 4000–500 cm−1 on a 1752X FTIR (Perkin Elmer

Microfluidic anodization of aluminum films for the fabrication of nanoporous lipid bilayer support structures

• Jaydeep Bhattacharya,
• Alexandre Kisner,
• Andreas Offenhäusser and
• Bernhard Wolfrum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 104–109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.12

• as template structures in nanofabrication technology [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] to their direct use as functional interfaces for controlled release of molecules [21][22][23], co-culture development [24], or biosensing [25]. For example, Steinem et al. have demonstrated the