Formation of pure Cu nanocrystals upon post-growth annealing of Cu–C material obtained from focused electron beam induced deposition: comparison of different methods

• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Alfredo Rodrigues Vaz,
• Yucheng Zhang,
• Andrzej Rudkowski,
• Czesław Kapusta,
• Rolf Erni,
• Stanislav Moshkalev and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1508–1517, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.156

• on a line deposit from Cu(hfac)2 shown in Figure 2. a) STEM high angle annular dark field (STEM-HAADF) image of Cu nanocrystals forming from the deposit material. b) HAADF image showing distribution of Cu nanocrystals. c) High-resolution TEM (HR-TEM) image of 15 nm sized polycrystalline Cu

• precipitate. The inset shows the SAD pattern of Cu fcc nanocrystals. TEM in situ annealing of FEBID rods grown from (hfac)Cu(VTMS). a) Dark field image of an as-deposited freestanding rod. Inset: rod apex with small Cu nanocrystals in carbonaceous matrix. b) Bright-field image of same rod after 270 °C

Influence of the shape and surface oxidation in the magnetization reversal of thin iron nanowires grown by focused electron beam induced deposition

• Luis A. Rodríguez,
• Lorenz Deen,
• Rosa Córdoba,
• César Magén,
• Etienne Snoeck,
• Bert Koopmans and
• José M. De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1319–1331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.136

• microstructure were determined by bright field (BF) TEM and high resolution TEM (HRTEM) imaging, and chemical composition of the sections was determined by combining high angle annular dark field (HAADF) imaging and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) in scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) mode

Heterometal nanoparticles from Ru-based molecular clusters covalently anchored onto functionalized carbon nanotubes and nanofibers

• Deborah Vidick,
• Xiaoxing Ke,
• Michel Devillers,
• Claude Poleunis,
• Arnaud Delcorte,
• Pietro Moggi,
• Gustaaf Van Tendeloo and
• Sophie Hermans

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1287–1297, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.133

• microscopy (HRTEM) and high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) confirms their bimetal nature on the nanoscale. The obtained bimetal nanoparticles supported on nanocarbon were tested as catalysts in ammonia synthesis and are shown to be active at low temperature

• transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and high angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) using aberration-corrected transmission electron microscopy (AC-TEM). HRTEM images of nanoparticles derived from cluster 4 reveal that they are not well crystallized (Figure 4a

Addition of Zn during the phosphine-based synthesis of indium phospide quantum dots: doping and surface passivation

• Natalia E. Mordvinova,
• Alexander A. Vinokurov,
• Oleg I. Lebedev,
• Tatiana A. Kuznetsova and
• Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1237–1246, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.127

• the doped InP QDs as well as the doping distribution within the sample, high angle annular dark field scanning TEM (HAADF-STEM), the so-called Z-contrast was applied. The incoherent image uses high angle scattering, which leads to a strong atomic number contrast (proportional to Z2), and also makes

• ) microscope operated at 300 kV with 0.17 nm point resolution and equipped with an EDAX EDX detector. High angle annular dark field (HAADF)-scanning TEM (STEM) studies and EDX mapping were performed using an JEM ARM200F cold FEG double aberration corrected electron microscope operated at 80 kV and equipped

Tunable magnetism on the lateral mesoscale by post-processing of Co/Pt heterostructures

• Oleksandr V. Dobrovolskiy,
• Maksym Kompaniiets,
• Roland Sachser,
• Fabrizio Porrati,
• Christian Gspan,
• Harald Plank and
• Michael Huth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1082–1090, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.109

• sample C, once its magneto-resistance measurements had been completed, we inspected sample C by STEM. Figure 5 presents cross-sectional TEM images of sample C in the high angle annular dark field mode (a) and in the annular dark field mode (b). The respective elemental peak intensities obtained by STEM

• . Before measurements, all samples were saturated at 3 T. Note the different field range and scale for sample D. Inset in A: The magnetization saturation fields Hs and the Co/Pt ratios for all samples. TEM micrographs of sample C acquired (a) in the high angle annular dark field mode and (b) in the annular

• dark field mode. In (a), elements with higher atomic numbers Z are brighter in the image. The light regions in the Pt layer in (b) correspond to Co-rich channels embedded in the Pt-rich matrix. The arrows depict the directions along which the STEM-EDX elemental peak intensities in Figure 6 have been

Nanostructuring of GeTiO amorphous films by pulsed laser irradiation

• Valentin S. Teodorescu,
• Cornel Ghica,
• Adrian V. Maraloiu,
• Mihai Vlaicu,
• Andrei Kuncser,
• Magdalena L. Ciurea,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Ana M. Lepadatu,
• Nicu D. Scarisoreanu,
• Andreea Andrei,
• Valentin Ion and
• Maria Dinescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 893–900, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.92

• annular dark field (STEM-HAADF) imaging and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The estimation of the film surface temperature was performed by using the Heat Flow software [24]. Results A quasi-coherent wave relief with a periodicity of about 200 nm and 10 nm amplitude was observed on the surface

Structure and mechanism of the formation of core–shell nanoparticles obtained through a one-step gas-phase synthesis by electron beam evaporation

• Andrey V. Nomoev,
• Sergey P. Bardakhanov,
• Makoto Schreiber,
• Dashima G. Bazarova,
• Nikolai A. Romanov,
• Boris B. Baldanov,
• Bair R. Radnaev and
• Viacheslav V. Syzrantsev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 874–880, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.89

• ) detail of the core and shell structure. TEM micrograph of a Cu@silica nanoparticle. a) Bright field, b) dark field. TEM micrograph of a Cu particle with an incomplete shell demonstrating moiré patterns where Cu2O has grown on the Cu. a) View of whole particle, b) detail of the moiré patterns. TEM

Influence of gold, silver and gold–silver alloy nanoparticles on germ cell function and embryo development

• Ulrike Taylor,
• Daniela Tiedemann,
• Christoph Rehbock,
• Wilfried A. Kues,
• Stephan Barcikowski and
• Detlef Rath

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 651–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.66

• . (C) TEM-EDX line scan with inset showing high-angular annular dark field micrograph. (D) TEM micrograph of a Ag50Au50 nanoparticle dispersion after stabilisation with BSA. (E) Aluminium batch chamber for the synthesis of silver and gold–silver alloy nanoparticles. Reproduced with permission from [50

Silica micro/nanospheres for theranostics: from bimodal MRI and fluorescent imaging probes to cancer therapy

• Shanka Walia and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 546–558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.57

Influence of size, shape and core–shell interface on surface plasmon resonance in Ag and Ag@MgO nanoparticle films deposited on Si/SiO_x

• Sergio D’Addato,
• Daniele Pinotti,
• Maria Chiara Spadaro,
• Guido Paolicelli,
• Vincenzo Grillo,
• Sergio Valeri,
• Luca Pasquali,
• Luca Bergamini and
• Stefano Corni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 404–413, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.40

• same situation holds for the case of Figure 1d, although the higher quantity of deposited Ag NPs gives rise to more diffused agglomerates, covering most of the substrate area. Aggregation of the NPs was also observed with scanning TEM–high angle annular dark field (STEM–HAADF) (Figure 2a) and TEM (see

Overview about the localization of nanoparticles in tissue and cellular context by different imaging techniques

• Anja Ostrowski,
• Daniel Nordmeyer,
• Alexander Boreham,
• Cornelia Holzhausen,
• Lars Mundhenk,
• Christina Graf,
• Martina C. Meinke,
• Annika Vogt,
• Sabrina Hadam,
• Jürgen Lademann,
• Eckart Rühl,
• Ulrike Alexiev and
• Achim D. Gruber

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 263–280, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.25

• 1 to 10 µm3 that is usually analyzed [20][29][35][153][154]. Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has been presented recently as an elegant approach to overcome this limitation [154]. The authors simultaneously recorded bright and dark field STEM images of gold NP in murine liver tissue

Mechanical properties of MDCK II cells exposed to gold nanorods

• Anna Pietuch,
• Bastian Rouven Brückner,
• David Schneider,
• Marco Tarantola,
• Christina Rosman,
• Carsten Sönnichsen and
• Andreas Janshoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 223–231, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.21

• fluorescence and dark-field microscopy. Conclusion: We found that cells exposed to CTAB coated gold nanorods display a concentration-dependent stiffening that cannot be explained by the presence of CTAB alone. The stiffening results presumably from endocytosis of particles removing excess membrane area from

• the cells are no longer viable, which we largely attribute to the loss of cytoskeleton integrity and production of ROS species [10][13]. Dark-field microscopy is an excellent tool to visualize gold nanoparticles in cells due to their light scattering ability. Figure 2 shows a confluent MDCK II

• dark-field microscopy together with transmission electron microscopy to quantify the uptake of gold nanoparticles into MDCK II cells as a function of shape, stabilizing agent, and surface charge [25]. We found that CTAB-coated particles are easily accumulated within cells, while PEG coatings inhibit

Mammalian cell growth on gold nanoparticle-decorated substrates is influenced by the nanoparticle coating

• Christina Rosman,
• Sebastien Pierrat,
• Marco Tarantola,
• David Schneider,
• Eva Sunnick,
• Andreas Janshoff and
• Carsten Sönnichsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2479–2488, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.257

• biocompatible polymer exhibiting one of two different end groups, resulting in a neutral or negative surface charge of the particle. Upon observation of cell growth for three days by live cell imaging using optical dark field microscopy, it was found that all particles supported cell adhesion while no directed

• dermal fibroblast cells (HDF) on gold nanoparticle-patterned surfaces for almost 10 h using optical dark field microscopy [14]. The authors found that the sedimented nanoparticles were collected by the cells during movement, which is clearly seen by a trail free of particles left behind. This property

• . Live cell imaging was performed over the course of an incubation time of three days using optical dark field microscopy in order to evaluate the cell adhesion and spreading by the cell morphology. We observe an influence of the particle coating on the growth behavior with respect to the cytotoxic

Biopolymer colloids for controlling and templating inorganic synthesis

• Laura C. Preiss,
• Katharina Landfester and
• Rafael Muñoz-Espí

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2129–2138, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.222

• when gold(III) is reduced in the presence of DNA toroids formed with bis(ethylenediamine)gold(III). Reprinted with permission from [66]. Copyright 2010 American Chemical Society. Dark-field TEM micrograph (a) and corresponding electron diffraction pattern (b) of hydroxyapatite/gelatin particles

Cathode lens spectromicroscopy: methodology and applications

• T. O. Menteş,
• G. Zamborlini,
• A. Sala and
• A. Locatelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1873–1886, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.198

• corresponding shift in the MEM–LEEM transition. Fe adsorption, instead, induces a less pronounced shift towards a lower work function. The diffraction contrast is also exploited in the dark field mode, obtained by imaging with higher order LEED beams. The diffraction order is selected by placing the contrast

• size of the micro-probe, the contribution of different domains to the LEED pattern can still be sorted out by using LEED in combination with dark-field LEEM imaging. The micro-probe capability is especially useful in quantitative structure analyses of LEED I(V) curves acquired from single domains on a

• field-limiting aperture, which we will refer to as μ-ARPES. Dark-field PEEM is the analogue of the dark-field method in LEEM, such that the same contrast aperture (i.e., diffraction-plane aperture) is used to filter out everything except the emission along a given angle. From a practical standpoint, the

Probing the electronic transport on the reconstructed Au/Ge(001) surface

• Franciszek Krok,
• Mark R. Kaspers,
• Alexander M. Bernhart,
• Marek Nikiel,
• Benedykt R. Jany,
• Paulina Indyka,
• Mateusz Wojtaszek,
• Rolf Möller and
• Christian A. Bobisch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1463–1471, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.159

• a gas injection system by the electron beam and the FIB beam was used to cut out the lamella. The high resolution (HR) TEM and high angle annular dark field (HAADF) scanning TEM images together with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) analysis of the sample were obtained by the FEI Tecnai

Synthesis, characterization, and growth simulations of Cu–Pt bimetallic nanoclusters

• Subarna Khanal,
• Ana Spitale,
• Nabraj Bhattarai,
• Daniel Bahena,
• J. Jesus Velazquez-Salazar,
• Sergio Mejía-Rosales,
• Marcelo M. Mariscal and
• Miguel José-Yacaman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1371–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.150

• the average diameter of the Cu–Pt nanoclusters is 3.0 ± 1.0 nm. The high angle annular dark field (HAADF-STEM) images, intensity profiles, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) line scans, allowed us to study the distribution of Cu and Pt with atomistic resolution, finding that Pt is embedded

• ) techniques. The use of high angle annular dark field (HAADF-STEM) images, intensity profiles, and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) line scans, allowed us to study the atomic positions of Cu and Pt, and to compare the structure of the particles with the results of atomistic simulations. We applied a

PEGylated versus non-PEGylated magnetic nanoparticles as camptothecin delivery system

• Paula M. Castillo,
• Mario de la Mata,
• Maria F. Casula,
• José A. Sánchez-Alcázar and
• Ana P. Zaderenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1312–1319, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.144

• covalent attachment of targeting cargoes such as antibodies. Molecular structure of (S)-(+)-camptothecin (1) and its inactive form (2) through lactone ring hydrolysis at physiological pH. Bright field (a) and dark field (b) transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images and diffraction pattern (c) of USM

Self-organization of mesoscopic silver wires by electrochemical deposition

• Sheng Zhong,
• Thomas Koch,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Harald Rösner,
• Eberhard Nold,
• Aaron Kobler,
• Torsten Scherer,
• Di Wang,
• Christian Kübel,
• Mu Wang,
• Horst Hahn and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1285–1290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.142

• measurements presented in this article). STEM micrographs were acquired using an HAADF (High-Angle Annular Dark-Field) detector. Schematic diagrams of the experimental procedure. (a) By slowly freezing the silver nitrate electrolyte a thin aqueous layer of electrolyte forms between the glass slide and the ice

Purification of ethanol for highly sensitive self-assembly experiments

• Kathrin Barbe,
• Martin Kind,
• Christian Pfeiffer and
• Andreas Terfort

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1254–1260, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.139

• high angular annular dark field (HAADF) detector. Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectra were acquired with an EDAX detector and quantified by Emispec ESVision software. Determination of the thiol-uptake capacity of zeolite-supported gold-NPs The ability of the zeolite-supported gold-NPs to adsorb

Surface processes during purification of InP quantum dots

• Natalia Mordvinova,
• Pavel Emelin,
• Alexander Vinokurov,
• Sergey Dorofeev,
• Artem Abakumov and
• Tatiana Kuznetsova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1220–1225, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.135

• D/MAX 2500 diffractometer using Cu Kα radiation (λ = 1.540598 Å). Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was performed on a LEO912 AB OMEGA microscope. High-angle annular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy (HAADF-STEM) imaging and energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analysis have been

Topology assisted self-organization of colloidal nanoparticles: application to 2D large-scale nanomastering

• Hind Kadiri,
• Serguei Kostcheev,
• Daniel Turover,
• Rafael Salas-Montiel,
• Komla Nomenyo,
• Anisha Gokarna and
• Gilles Lerondel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1203–1209, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.132

• post diameter of (a) 195, (b) 296, (c) 390 and (d) 420 nm, respectively. Nanomastering after a direct transfer by using RIE etching: (a) optical view (dark field) of the pre-patterned area (500 × 500 µm2), (b) and (c) master top and 45° tilted SEM views, respectively. Pre-patterned post leads to

Model systems for studying cell adhesion and biomimetic actin networks

• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Johannes P. Frohnmayer and
• Joachim P. Spatz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1193–1202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.131

• represent 10 μm. (Adapted with permission from [72]. Copyright (2011) American Chemical Society.) Transformed liposomes observed by dark-field microscopy in the presence of talin. Liposomes used were prepared from phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylglycerol (1:1, mol:mol). (A) Closed spherical

Template-directed synthesis and characterization of microstructured ceramic Ce/ZrO₂@SiO₂ composite tubes

• Jörg J. Schneider and
• Meike Naumann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1152–1159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.126

• ) obtained from a HAADF STEM (high angle annular dark field imaging scanning electron microscopy) investigation. The STEM analysis proves the closely packed silica Stoeber spheres, which are interconnected by the solid solution of the composition Ce0.13/Zr0.87O2. The bright contrast visible in the dimples

Carbon dioxide hydrogenation to aromatic hydrocarbons by using an iron/iron oxide nanocatalyst

• Hongwang Wang,
• Jim Hodgson,
• Tej B. Shrestha,
• Prem S. Thapa,
• David Moore,
• Xiaorong Wu,
• Myles Ikenberry,
• Deryl L. Troyer,
• Donghai Wang,
• Keith L. Hohn and
• Stefan H. Bossmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 760–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.88

• morphology were examined by bright-field and dark-field transmission electron microscopy (TEM) using an FEI Technai G2 transmission electron microscope at an electron acceleration voltage of 200 kV. High resolution images were captured using a standardized, normative electron dose and a constant defocus