Template-controlled piezoactivity of ZnO thin films grown via a bioinspired approach

• Nina J. Blumenstein,
• Fabian Streb,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Thomas Schimmel,
• Zaklina Burghard and
• Joachim Bill

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 296–303, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.32

• pm V−1 to 6.4 pm V−1. This leads to responses comparable to ZnO structures till now only obtained by RF magnetron sputtering [14] or after high temperature treatment (e.g., at 500 °C) [15]. Experimental Template preparation Boron-doped Si (100) wafers were cleaned first in Milli-Q water and then in

Nanocrystalline ZrO₂ and Pt-doped ZrO₂ catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation

• Amit Singhania and
• Shipra Mital Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 264–271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.29

• loss of 2.2% in ZrO2 (slightly hydrated) indicating the excellent stability of ZrO2 nanoparticles under high temperatures (50–700 °C), which could prove to be an important factor in high-temperature industrial catalytic applications. The addition of Pt into ZrO2 showed an improvement in thermal

Impact of contact resistance on the electrical properties of MoS₂ transistors at practical operating temperatures

• Filippo Giannazzo,
• Gabriele Fisichella,
• Aurora Piazza,
• Salvatore Di Franco,
• Giuseppe Greco,
• Simonpietro Agnello and
• Fabrizio Roccaforte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 254–263, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.28

• room temperature to 400 K is a realistic range for device operation in circuits/systems, taking into account the heating effect they undergo due to inefficient heat dissipation. However, to date, only a limited number of papers have focused on the high temperature behavior of MoS2 transistors [8][9

Laser irradiation in water for the novel, scalable synthesis of black TiO_x photocatalyst for environmental remediation

• Massimo Zimbone,
• Giuseppe Cacciato,
• Mohamed Boutinguiza,
• Vittorio Privitera and
• Maria Grazia Grimaldi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 196–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.21

• energy, nanosecond laser pulse is focused on a Ti foil, a hot plasma plume forms on the metal surface. The plasma is characterized by high temperature and pressure (≈4700 °C and ≈107 Pa, respectively) [28]. The plume expansion is slowed down by the presence of liquid. As a consequence, inside the plasma

• , high temperature and pressure are maintained for several μs. Water dissociates and reacts with titanium atoms ejected from the target, realizing H–Ti–Ox. In addition, a cavitation bubble appears, expands, shrinks and collapses in the timescale of hundreds of μs. The collapse is a complex phenomenon

Influence of hydrofluoric acid treatment on electroless deposition of Au clusters

• Rachela G. Milazzo,
• Antonio M. Mio,
• Giuseppe D’Arrigo,
• Emanuele Smecca,
• Alessandra Alberti,
• Gabriele Fisichella,
• Filippo Giannazzo,
• Corrado Spinella and
• Emanuele Rimini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 183–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.19

• regions, which partially lose their initially heteroepitaxial relationship with the substrate. A postdeposition HF treatment for almost 70 s has nearly the same effect of long duration, high temperature annealing. The process presented herein could be beneficial to change the spectral response of

• very fast and bears similarities with the HF self-propelled motion of liquid droplets on solid surfaces [39]. The results are comparable to those obtained after high temperature and/or time consuming annealing procedures. Experimental Pretreatment of silicon substrate and metal deposition. The starting

Nitrogen-doped twisted graphene grown on copper by atmospheric pressure CVD from a decane precursor

• Ivan V. Komissarov,
• Nikolai G. Kovalchuk,
• Vladimir A. Labunov,
• Ksenia V. Girel,
• Olga V. Korolik,
• Mikhail S. Tivanov,
• Algirdas Lazauskas,
• Mindaugas Andrulevičius,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Viktoras Grigaliūnas,
• Šarunas Meškinis,
• Sigitas Tamulevičius and
• Serghej L. Prischepa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 145–158, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.15

• be an ideal platform for the realization of the high-temperature zero-field quantum valley Hall effect [7]. From a practical point of view, the band gap opening in the electronic structure of graphene is quite attractive. It is expected that this will result in a new approach for application of

• the catalyst consumption, followed by underside contaminant cleaning, then placement on the destination substrate. However, the PMMA removal from the graphene after the film transfer (which involves high-temperature Ar/H2 forming gas annealing [18], O2-based annealing [19], and in situ annealing [20

Photo-ignition process of multiwall carbon nanotubes and ferrocene by continuous wave Xe lamp illumination

• Paolo Visconti,
• Patrizio Primiceri,
• Daniele Longo,
• Luciano Strafella,
• Paolo Carlucci,
• Mauro Lomascolo,
• Arianna Cretì and
• Giuseppe Mele

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 134–144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.14

• transient high temperature inside the nanotubes must be at least ≈1500 °C in order for a structural reconstruction process to take place. This results in a permanent change in the SWCNT structure to a non-tubular structure, rather than merely elastically deforming. Furthermore, this reconstruction also

From iron coordination compounds to metal oxide nanoparticles

• Mihail Iacob,
• Carmen Racles,
• Codrin Tugui,
• George Stiubianu,
• Adrian Bele,
• Liviu Sacarescu,
• Daniel Timpu and
• Maria Cazacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2074–2087, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.198

• general, the procedure leading to metal oxide materials consists of the thermal decomposition of adequate precursors under different conditions: by classical heating at high temperature in air (calcination) or in solution, in presence of changing ligands or surfactants. Nonconventional energy sources such

• nanoparticles. The amount of organic material lost at high temperature for each sample demonstrates that sample NPT4 contained a larger amount of stabilizers compared with samples NPT2 and NPT3. The samples NPT2–NPT4 were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction. The diffractograms of samples NPT3 and NPT4 do not

Fundamental properties of high-quality carbon nanofoam: from low to high density

• Natalie Frese,
• Shelby Taylor Mitchell,
• Christof Neumann,
• Amanda Bowers,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Klaus Sattler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2065–2073, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.197

• low- to high-density foam, the number of C=O bonded carbon atoms is reduced, and there are an increased number of C–O bonded carbon atoms in the high-density foams. Discussion We have demonstrated that the simultaneous existence of high pressure and high temperature in an autoclave with an aqueous

A novel electrochemical nanobiosensor for the ultrasensitive and specific detection of femtomolar-level gastric cancer biomarker miRNA-106a

• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Kobra Omidfar and
• Hossein Ghanbarian

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2023–2036, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.193

• . They are generally cancer-specific and their expression patterns are greatly comparable between patient and healthy persons. Moreover, it has been demonstrated that the circulatory miRNAs are noticeably resistant to RNase digestion, non-physiologic pH values, and high temperature. Hence, these miRNAs

Controlled supramolecular structure of guanosine monophosphate in the interlayer space of layered double hydroxide

• Gyeong-Hyeon Gwak,
• Istvan Kocsis,
• Yves-Marie Legrand,
• Mihail Barboiu and
• Jae-Min Oh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1928–1935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.184

• observe that the single molecular arrangement of GMP obtained at relatively high temperature was preserved between LDH layers after the material was cooled down to room temperature. Two kinds of GL hybrids with different GMP arranagements, single and ribbon, were named GL-S and GL-R, respectively. Figure

• space of LDH (GL hybrids) and its molecular arrangement was controlled to form in either single molecular orientation or ribbon-type supramolecular assembly according to synthetic conditions. At high temperature (80 and 100 °C), GMPs were separated in single molecules and at low temperature (20, 40, and

• LDHs. The intercalation conditions such as GMP/LDH molar ratio and reaction temperature were systematically adjusted. When the GMP/LDH molar ratio was 1:2, which corresponds to the charge balance between positive LDH sheets and GMP anions, GMP molecules were well-intercalated to LDH. At high

Low temperature co-fired ceramic packaging of CMOS capacitive sensor chip towards cell viability monitoring

• Niina Halonen,
• Joni Kilpijärvi,
• Maciej Sobocinski,
• Timir Datta-Chaudhuri,
• Antti Hassinen,
• Someshekar B. Prakash,
• Peter Möller,
• Pamela Abshire,
• Sakari Kellokumpu and
• Anita Lloyd Spetz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1871–1877, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.179

• world of biology meets the dry world of electronics, the technical challenge arises to build a package for the LoCMOS device that is able to withstand the hostile biological environment, which may include high temperature, humidity, and corrosive liquids (mammalian cells typically require 37 °C, >95

Cubic chemically ordered FeRh and FeCo nanomagnets prepared by mass-selected low-energy cluster-beam deposition: a comparative study

• Veronique Dupuis,
• Anthony Robert,
• Arnaud Hillion,
• Ghassan Khadra,
• Nils Blanc,
• Damien Le Roy,
• Florent Tournus,
• Clement Albin,
• Olivier Boisron and
• Alexandre Tamion

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1850–1860, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.177

• protect the sample from oxidation but also to allow vacuum high-temperature annealing and so to reach the equilibrium phase without coalescence of the NPs. To characterise the structure of the clusters by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we prepared discontinuous thin layers of NPs deposited on an

• magnetic volume) that a macrospin has to overcome to switch from one stable state to another one. We use our recently developed accurate “triple fit” method, where the ZFC/FC susceptibility curves and a high-temperature magnetization curve are fitted entirely simultaneously (Figure 8a). This simultaneous

• -fit protocol allows us to determine with good accuracy the parameters of our samples. Indeed, ZFC, FC and m(H) at high temperature can be expressed in a system of equations with common parameters, which are the total number of NPs, the magnetic diameter, the diameter dispersion, and the effective

Monolayer graphene/SiC Schottky barrier diodes with improved barrier height uniformity as a sensing platform for the detection of heavy metals

• Ivan Shtepliuk,
• Jens Eriksson,
• Volodymyr Khranovskyy,
• Tihomir Iakimov,
• Anita Lloyd Spetz and
• Rositsa Yakimova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1800–1814, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.173

• graphene/SiC junction as a sensing platform for the simultaneous detection of toxic heavy metals such as cadmium, mercury and lead. Our investigations on the graphene/SiC structure have shown that the high-temperature thermal decomposition of the Si-face 4H-SiC substrate in argon atmosphere is a good

Properties of Ni and Ni–Fe nanowires electrochemically deposited into a porous alumina template

• Alla I. Vorobjova,
• Dmitry L. Shimanovich,
• Kazimir I. Yanushkevich,
• Sergej L. Prischepa and
• Elena A. Outkina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1709–1717, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.163

• that allows one to carry out various experiments at high temperature [15][16]. However, preliminary investigations [17][18] have shown that all modes of electrochemical deposition into PA templates have problems such as the blocking of pores by hydrogen bubbles (especially in the case of templates with

Analysis of self-heating of thermally assisted spin-transfer torque magnetic random access memory

• Austin Deschenes,
• Sadid Muneer,
• Mustafa Akbulut,
• Ali Gokirmak and
• Helena Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1676–1683, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.160

• layers, current polarity and contact configurations and found that self-heating varies significantly and that, for some cases, it can effectively produce required temperatures of ca. 350 K [2] to about 523 K [3] for thermal assistance at expected operation voltages. The use of high-temperature PECVD SiO2

• high temperature independent of the overall device temperature. MRAM device structure with a stack radius of 10 nm. Materials, with exception of contact regions, are proportional to actual device model. The CoFeB–MgO–Fe–CoFeB MTJ is shown in the enlarged image, where the dimensions are given in

Nano- and microstructured materials for in vitro studies of the physiology of vascular cells

• Alexandra M. Greiner,
• Adria Sales,
• Hao Chen,
• Sarah A. Biela,
• Dieter Kaufmann and
• Ralf Kemkemer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1620–1641, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.155

• using metals [58]. The surface structures made by photolithography are typically further used as a master structure for further processing. Hot embossing also replicates micro- and nanofeatures of master substrates. In that case, a thermoplastic material is pressed on the mold at a high temperature to

Enhanced detection of nitrogen dioxide via combined heating and pulsed UV operation of indium oxide nano-octahedra

• Oriol Gonzalez,
• Sergio Roso,
• Xavier Vilanova and
• Eduard Llobet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1507–1518, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.144

• the use of combined heating and pulsed UV light activation of indium oxide gas sensors for enhancing their performance in the detection of nitrogen dioxide in air. Indium oxide nano-octahedra were synthesized at high temperature (900 °C) via vapour-phase transport and screen-printed onto alumina

Nanostructured germanium deposited on heated substrates with enhanced photoelectric properties

• Ionel Stavarache,
• Valentin Adrian Maraloiu,
• Petronela Prepelita and
• Gheorghe Iordache

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1492–1500, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.142

• concentration of defect states and a mechanical stress induced in the system by the difference between the thermal expansion coefficients of Ge and SiO2 and the large lattice constant of Ge [29][30][31][32]. The high temperature used for the synthesis excludes the use of low-cost materials such as flexible or

Viability and proliferation of endothelial cells upon exposure to GaN nanoparticles

• Tudor Braniste,
• Ion Tiginyanu,
• Tibor Horvath,
• Simion Raevschi,
• Serghei Cebotari,
• Marco Lux,
• Axel Haverich and
• Andres Hilfiker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1330–1337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.124

• – the high temperature step for layer growth and sacrificial ZnO core decomposition. SEM images of (b) ZnO nanoparticles and (c) GaN nanoparticles grown on a sacrificial layer of ZnO. Relative number of endothelial cells after 3 days of incubation with 10 µg/mL, 50 µg/mL, or 100 µg/mL GaN or ZnO

Influence of synthesis conditions on microstructure and phase transformations of annealed Sr₂FeMoO_6−x nanopowders formed by the citrate–gel method

• Marta Yarmolich,
• Nikolai Kalanda,
• Sergey Demyanov,
• Herman Terryn,
• Jon Ustarroz,
• Maksim Silibin and
• Gennadii Gorokh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1202–1207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.111

• Sr2FeMoO6−x systems with an ordered double perovskite structure are among the most promising materials for spintronic devices [3][4][5][6]. However, the synthesis of strontium ferromolybdate by conventional methods [2][3][7][8], including solid-state synthesis using high-temperature annealing in a reducing

Development of highly faceted reduced graphene oxide-coated copper oxide and copper nanoparticles on a copper foil surface

• Rebeca Ortega-Amaya,
• Yasuhiro Matsumoto,
• Andrés M. Espinoza-Rivas,
• Manuel A. Pérez-Guzmán and
• Mauricio Ortega-López

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1010–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.93

• earlier work [18], GO was prepared from natural graphite flakes by a modified Hummers method [19][20]. GO was dispersed in water (2 mg/mL) and then drop cast on a previously cleaned Cu foil (0.02 mm thick and 1 × 1 cm2) to form a thin film. Before the high temperature process, the sample was dried at 80

• suggest that, in the interval from 200 to 600 °C, CO does not evolve in sufficient amounts to completely reduce the existent copper oxide phase. The resultant nanoparticles increase in size preserving the original phase. In the same view, in the high-temperature range (800–1000 °C), copper oxide was

Phenalenyl-based mononuclear dysprosium complexes

• Yanhua Lan,
• Andrea Magri,
• Olaf Fuhr and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 995–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.92

• width of distribution is very narrow with α of 0.103–0.179. Under a dc field of 500 Oe, the relaxation slows down so that it could be detected up to a high temperature of 9 K. The width of distribution varies from 0.117 to 0.468, which is very similar to the values obtained for compound 1 under a dc

Microwave solvothermal synthesis and characterization of manganese-doped ZnO nanoparticles

• Jacek Wojnarowicz,
• Roman Mukhovskyi,
• Elzbieta Pietrzykowska,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Jan Mizeracki and
• Witold Lojkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 721–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.64

• observed, the obtained material exhibited paramagnetic properties [29][33][37]. Whereas, when Zn1−xMnxO was synthesised or calcinated for too long or at an overly high temperature, in an oxidising atmosphere, foreign phases in the form of MnO, MnO2, Mn2O, Mn3O4, as well as products of the reaction of ZnO

Fabrication and properties of luminescence polymer composites with erbium/ytterbium oxides and gold nanoparticles

• Julia A. Burunkova,
• Ihor Yu. Denisiuk,
• Dmitri I. Zhuk,
• Lajos Daroczi,
• Attila Csik,
• István Csarnovics and
• Sándor Kokenyesi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 630–636, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.55

• decomposition of rare earth salts is usually used for the fabrication of luminescent rare earth oxide (REO) nanoparticles [3]. Unfortunately, the agglomeration of nanoparticles during high temperature annealing (above 900 °C) causes a high level of light scattering in the nanocomposite made from these materials

• , which makes them unusable for photonics. Other methods also have shortcomings. For example, the synthesis of Er2O3 nanoparticles through the co-precipitation method with addition of coordinating ligands needs additional co-precipitants, and still high temperature annealing is necessary [4]. This method

• synthesis in a water-free environment and the absence of high-temperature annealing. Low-temperature annealing hinders the coagulation of Er/Yb oxides and no agglomerates are present in the reaction medium as well as in the polymer nanocomposites, as it will be shown later. The introduction of SiO2 NPs