Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

Internalization mechanisms of cell-penetrating peptides

• Ivana Ruseska and
• Andreas Zimmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 101–123, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.10

The different ways to chitosan/hyaluronic acid nanoparticles: templated vs direct complexation. Influence of particle preparation on morphology, cell uptake and silencing efficiency

• Arianna Gennari,
• Julio M. Rios de la Rosa,
• Erwin Hohn,
• Maria Pelliccia,
• Enrique Lallana,
• Roberto Donno,
• Annalisa Tirella and
• Nicola Tirelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2594–2608, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.250

• . RAW macrophages, on the contrary, may bind and internalize HA through a different “receptor cocktail”. For example, these macrophages are commonly used as a toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-positive model in inflammation, and HCT-116 as a model for limited TLR4 signalling [43]. Further, TLR4 is involved in

Microfluidic manufacturing of different niosomes nanoparticles for curcumin encapsulation: Physical characteristics, encapsulation efficacy, and drug release

• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Ibrahim Khadra,
• Abdullah Albaloushi,
• Margaret Mullin,
• Hanin Alyamani and
• Valerie A. Ferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1826–1832, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.177

• Street, G4 0RE Glasgow, United Kingdom Oman College of Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Muscat, Oman Institute of Infection Immunity and Inflammation, College of MVLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom 10.3762/bjnano.10.177 Abstract Curcumin, a natural chemical compound found in Curcuma

• longa that has been used in antitumor and anti-inflammation applications, exhibits very limited water solubility and rapid in vivo degradation, which limits its clinical application. To overcome these limitations, niosome nanoparticles were prepared by microfluidic mixing for curcumin encapsulation

• the rhizome of the medicinal plant Curcuma longa Linn [1]. It has different therapeutic applications such as the use against inflammation and respiratory distress [2]. Moreover, in several studies, curcumin has been proven to have chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic effects against several types of

Lipid nanostructures for antioxidant delivery: a comparative preformulation study

• Elisabetta Esposito,
• Maddalena Sguizzato,
• Markus Drechsler,
• Paolo Mariani,
• Federica Carducci,
• Claudio Nastruzzi,
• Giuseppe Valacchi and
• Rita Cortesi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1789–1801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.174

• air quality all over the world. Besides being the primary cause of many respiratory diseases (e.g., chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma and lung cancer), pollution is also responsible for cutaneous pathologies, spanning from skin aging, inflammation and allergy to skin cancer [1]. Cigarette

• oxygenase (HO-1). An HO-1 increase promotes protection against inflammation and/or cell death induced by CS [49][50]. In order to evaluate the effect of NLC T10-TOC in preventing damage caused by CS, the HO-1 expression was evaluated on HSE cultures exposed to CS or to air for 24 h. Namely HO-1 has been

Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by phenolic compound-modified maghemite nanoparticles

• Małgorzata Świętek,
• Yi-Chin Lu,
• Rafał Konefał,
• Liliana P. Ferreira,
• M. Margarida Cruz,
• Yunn-Hwa Ma and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1073–1088, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.108

• stress, inflammation, aging in general, and the development of fatal diseases, such as cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, atherosclerosis, heart failure, myocardial infarction, and infections. ROS of radical origin (superoxide and hydroxyl) are particularly harmful because they initiate oxidative chain

Effects of gold and PCL- or PLLA-coated silica nanoparticles on brain endothelial cells and the blood–brain barrier

• Aniela Bittner,
• Angélique D. Ducray,
• Hans Rudolf Widmer,
• Michael H. Stoffel and
• Meike Mevissen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 941–954, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.95

• , differentiation, nor did it induce inflammation. rBCEC4 cells showed blood–brain barrier characteristics including tight junctions. None of the nanoparticles altered the expression of tight junctions or impaired the blood–brain barrier permeability. The findings suggest that effects of these nanoparticles on the

• and lysosomes in microglia [10]. None of the NPs investigated resulted in cytotoxicity, decreased cell viability, apoptosis, autophagy or inflammation. However, exposure to NPs led to oxidative stress via depletion of cellular glutathione and to a downregulation of neuronal differentiation markers in

• smallest Au-NPs showed an effect on cell viability. Regardless of size, none of the NPs induced inflammation or cell morphology changes [19]. This could also be shown for primary cultured porcine brain microvessel ECs (pBMECs) exposed to Au-NPs [20]. Si-NPs elicited concentration- and time-dependent

Biomimetic and biodegradable cellulose acetate scaffolds loaded with dexamethasone for bone implants

• Aikaterini-Rafailia Tsiapla,
• Varvara Karagkiozaki,
• Veroniki Bakola,
• Foteini Pappa,
• Panagiota Gkertsiou,
• Eleni Pavlidou and
• Stergios Logothetidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1986–1994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.189

• devices [15][16][17]. The use of micro- and nanofibers as carriers for drug release is more efficient because the drug is locally released to the target organ or tissue and as a result less amount of drug is required with fewer side effects [18][19]. Inflammation is the most common cause of aseptic

• through electrospinning, in order to prevent the inflammation that can occur after a total hip replacement surgery. Experimental Materials and methods Materials Cellulose acetate (CA, Mw = 30,000 g/mol), dexamethasone (≥97%), acetone (≥99.8%), trypsin and methylene blue were all purchased from Sigma

Cr(VI) remediation from aqueous environment through modified-TiO₂-mediated photocatalytic reduction

• Rashmi Acharya,
• Brundabana Naik and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1448–1470, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.137

• damage to liver and kidney, lung carcinoma, nausea, skin dermatitis, nasal membrane inflammation, ulceration, irritation of the gastro-intestinal tract and renal damage, when consumed above the permissible limit. The US Environment Protection Agency (USEPA) has placed it on the priority list of toxic

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• cells can cause granulomatous reactions, oxidative stress and inflammation, leading to fibroplasia and neoplasia in lungs. The results also suggested that humans are routinely exposed to carbon nanotubes and showed that the outcome is similar to the vehicle exhaust samples collected in Paris, ambient

Bioinspired self-healing materials: lessons from nature

• Joseph C. Cremaldi and
• Bharat Bhushan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 907–935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.85

• minimize pain, remove material, and rebuild the bone. The immediate response is directed towards the immune and soft tissue, including clotting, which stems the flow of blood, and inflammation, where increased blood flow brings phagocytes. The short-term bone response is chondroblasts, which replicate

• the body. Inflammation initiates the innate immune response, often seen as a swelling redness as an increase in cells occurs at the site of the wound. In proliferation, fibroblasts (counterparts to the osteoblasts in hard tissue) secrete extracellular matrix, fibrinogen, and collagen to remodel tissue

Optical techniques for cervical neoplasia detection

• Tatiana Novikova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1844–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.186

• thickness of epithelial layer), (iv) the spectral dependence of the absorption of light by non-fluorescent chromophores such as hemoglobin. Weingandt et al. [52] observed a similarity of autofluorescence response from zones of severe inflammation and of CIN. This made the diagnostics difficult and led to an

• acknowledged a lower specificity of HRME image-based diagnostics (67%) in their previous studies [77] where they used one parameter from HRME image (nucleus-to-cytoplasm ratio) alone for the diagnostics. The majority of the sites with false-positive diagnosis were affected by chronic inflammation. A set of

• 1) and tissue inflammation/benign modifications. It was shown that the mean brightness of the cervical epithelium layer in OCT images of squamous cervical tissue has the potential to become an optical marker for the differentiation between normal tissue, LSIL, HSIL and invasive cancer [132]. A study

Development of an advanced diagnostic concept for intestinal inflammation: molecular visualisation of nitric oxide in macrophages by functional poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) microspheres

• Kathleen Lange,
• Christian Lautenschläger,
• Maria Wallert,
• Stefan Lorkowski,
• Andreas Stallmach and
• Alexander Schiller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1637–1641, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.163

• inflammatory and immunological processes. Furthermore, our results on particle-based NO sensing and previous studies in targeting intestinal inflammation via (PLGA)-based microspheres demonstrate that an advanced concept for visualizing intestinal inflammation is tangible. Keywords: functional imaging

• ; intestinal inflammation; microparticle; molecular imaging; nitric oxide; Introduction Inflammation and malignancies are fundamental aspects of many human diseases. Nitric oxide (NO) has been proposed to be an important mediator of inflammation and carcinogenesis. Chronic inflammation, as found in

• disease, imaging of mucosal NO concentrations improves the assessment of disease activity and even may contribute to predict disease progression before mucosal damage continues. The visualisation of molecular processes that drive mucosal inflammation is of great interest in life sciences. NO is

A nanocomplex of C₆₀ fullerene with cisplatin: design, characterization and toxicity

• Svitlana Prylutska,
• Svitlana Politenkova,
• Kateryna Afanasieva,
• Volodymyr Korolovych,
• Kateryna Bogutska,
• Andriy Sivolob,
• Larysa Skivka,
• Maxim Evstigneev,
• Viktor Kostjukov,
• Yuriy Prylutskyy and
• Uwe Ritter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1494–1501, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.149

• and repeated instillation inflammatory responses were observed in the lungs, suggesting that C60 fullerene has no potential for DNA damage even at inflammation causing doses [31]. Thus, it may be concluded that the genotoxicity of C60 fullerene in vitro and in vivo systems may strongly depend on its

Nano-engineered skin mesenchymal stem cells: potential vehicles for tumour-targeted quantum-dot delivery

• Liga Saulite,
• Dominyka Dapkute,
• Karlis Pleiko,
• Ineta Popena,
• Simona Steponkiene,
• Ricardas Rotomskis and
• Una Riekstina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1218–1230, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.123

• endosomes and lysosomes. Discussion Human MSCs have been widely investigated for their potential use in various therapeutic applications, due to their plasticity and migration ability. It has been proposed that MSC migration towards injury and inflammation sites could be used to deliver diagnostic and

Needs and challenges for assessing the environmental impacts of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs)

• Michelle Romero-Franco,
• Hilary A. Godwin,
• Muhammad Bilal and
• Yoram Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 989–1014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.101

• inhalation of some ENMs may cause additional adverse outcomes, such as damage to the respiratory tract, inflammation, and activation of signaling pathways. For additional routes of exposure, such as dermal absorption, existing evidence suggests that certain ENMs may penetrate the skin (e.g., cobalt

• developers [31]. The potential effect (W) is a score assigned on the basis of the ENMs’ reactivity (e.g., redox activity, catalytic activity, oxygen radical formation potential or induction potential for inflammation reactions) and stability (e.g., half-life of the nanomaterial in the human body, or under

Uptake of the proteins HTRA1 and HTRA2 by cells mediated by calcium phosphate nanoparticles

• Olga Rotan,
• Katharina N. Severin,
• Simon Pöpsel,
• Alexander Peetsch,
• Melisa Merdanovic,
• Michael Ehrmann and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 381–393, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.40

• well as inflammation [38]. These and other reports suggest that HTRA1 has at least two cellular locations. While most of the produced HTRA1 is secreted into the extracellular space [37][39], about 20% are cytoplasmic and predominantly attached to microtubules and the plasma membrane. It is unknown

Tight junction between endothelial cells: the interaction between nanoparticles and blood vessels

• Yue Zhang and
• Wan-Xi Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 675–684, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.60

• liver, acute inflammation responses and increase the apoptosis of cells. Interestingly, these results are accompanied by an increasing production of reactive oxidative species (ROS) [23]. Silver NPs also hold the ability to generate ROS, which cause oxidative stress [24]. In addition, they can also

• Asian sand dust, which caused acute inflammation in the lung [44]. Studies also present the effect of NPs on reproductive organs. A study on the toxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles showed the ability of NPs to cross the brain–testis barrier and accumulate in mice testes [22]. To further explain

• . Research using endothelial cell cultures in order to quantify the uptake of PLGA NPs showed a concentration-dependent uptake of PLGA [47]. Several NPs (COOH100, PEG100, Methyl100, Lysine100) associate with cells through the ability of protein binding on their surfaces [48]. SiO2 causes inflammation and

Unraveling the neurotoxicity of titanium dioxide nanoparticles: focusing on molecular mechanisms

• Bin Song,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Jia Liu,
• Xiaoli Feng,
• Ting Zhou and
• Longquan Shao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 645–654, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.57

• are considered to be innate immune cells residing in brain. Once they are activated by exogenous substances, pro-inflammatory cytokines are released to induce neuro-inflammation [27][28]. TiO2 NPs acting as a stimulus were able to activate microglia cells. Su et al. [29] treated mice with TiO2 NPs by

• tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in the mouse hippocampus was promoted. At the same time, histopathological changes were observed in the hippocampus; over-proliferation of glial cells, impaired nuclei, and cellular degeneration were observed, all of which contributed to neuro-inflammation. In addition

• injection, neuro-inflammation was not directly induced by Ti accumulation in the brain, but instead was indirectly stimulated by cytokines or pro-inflammatory mediators in systemic circulation. Hong et al. [56] demonstrated that the decreased cell viability of primary hippocampal neurons was associated with

Early breast cancer screening using iron/iron oxide-based nanoplatforms with sub-femtomolar limits of detection

• Dinusha N. Udukala,
• Hongwang Wang,
• Sebastian O. Wendel,
• Aruni P. Malalasekera,
• Thilani N. Samarakoon,
• Asanka S. Yapa,
• Gayani Abayaweera,
• Matthew T. Basel,
• Pamela Maynez,
• Raquel Ortega,
• Yubisela Toledo,
• Leonie Bossmann,
• Colette Robinson,
• Katharine E. Janik,
• Olga B. Koper,
• Ping Li,
• Massoud Motamedi,
• Daniel A. Higgins,
• Gary Gadbury,
• Gaohong Zhu,
• Deryl L. Troyer and
• Stefan H. Bossmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 364–373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.33

• for which they were designed [9]. However, the limits of protease detection (LOD’s) of the state-of-the-art technology are sub-picomolar (sub-ng/mg) [4][5][6][7][8], which is sufficient for in vivo imaging of tumors [4][8], atherosclerotic plaques [10] and cardiovascular inflammation [11] in humans

Influence of calcium on ceramide-1-phosphate monolayers

• Joana S. L. Oliveira,
• Gerald Brezesinski,
• Alexandra Hill and
• Arne Gericke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 236–245, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.22

• 10.3762/bjnano.7.22 Abstract Ceramide-1-phosphate (C1P) plays an important role in several biological processes, being identified as a key regulator of many protein functions. For instance, it acts as a mediator of inflammatory responses. The mediation of the inflammation process happens due to the

Application of biclustering of gene expression data and gene set enrichment analysis methods to identify potentially disease causing nanomaterials

• Andrew Williams and
• Sabina Halappanavar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2438–2448, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.252

• black (CB) or carbon nanotubes (CNTs) to determine the disease significance of these data-driven gene sets. Results: Biclusters representing inflammation (chemokine activity), DNA binding, cell cycle, apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and fibrosis processes were identified. All of the NM studies

• biological process. Several studies [3][52][53][54][55] have shown that biclustering is a useful methodology to uncover processes that are active only over some but not all experimental conditions [56]. In this study, experiments investigating lung diseases (including lung inflammation, emphysema, chronic

• degradation, inflammation and energy metabolism. The sixth bicluster consisted of models for human small cell lung carcinoma, cigarette smoke-induced emphysema and chemical exposures BFUR, NAPD and NEDD. DAVID annotation analysis of the 23 gene symbols (Atm, Baz1b, Bclaf1, Ccar1, Dek, Dhx9, Epb4.1l3, F5, Hgf

An ISA-TAB-Nano based data collection framework to support data-driven modelling of nanotoxicology

• Richard L. Marchese Robinson,
• Mark T. D. Cronin,
• Andrea-Nicole Richarz and
• Robert Rallo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1978–1999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.202

• . For example, oxidative stress and inflammation might be detected via measuring the level of glutathione or various cytokine biomarkers respectively [97]. (These sub-lethal phenomena would not be considered “cytotoxicity” by all researchers [84].) The manner in which this template was designed to

The eNanoMapper database for nanomaterial safety information

• Nina Jeliazkova,
• Charalampos Chomenidis,
• Philip Doganis,
• Bengt Fadeel,
• Roland Grafström,
• Barry Hardy,
• Janna Hastings,
• Markus Hegi,
• Vedrin Jeliazkov,
• Nikolay Kochev,
• Pekka Kohonen,
• Cristian R. Munteanu,
• Haralambos Sarimveis,
• Bart Smeets,
• Pantelis Sopasakis,
• Georgia Tsiliki,
• David Vorgrimmler and
• Egon Willighagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1609–1634, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.165

• proposed to extend the list of endpoints for hazard identification to include cell uptake, cell viability, oxidative stress, inflammation, fibrosis, immunotoxicity, cardiovascular toxicity, ventilation rate, gill pathologies, mucus secretion and brain pathology. The EU guidance document lists the main

Using natural language processing techniques to inform research on nanotechnology

• Nastassja A. Lewinski and
• Bridget T. McInnes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1439–1449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.149

• the sentence “The purpose of this study was to review published dose-response data on acute lung inflammation in rats after instillation of titanium dioxide particles or six types of carbon nanoparticles.” with the NANO, EXPO, TARGET and TOXIC mentions within the sentence “The purpose of this study

• was to review published dose-response data on acute lung inflammation in rats after installation of titanium dioxide particles or six types of carbon nanoparticles ).” Features extracted from the context