Interfacial nanoarchitectonics for ZIF-8 membranes with enhanced gas separation

• Season S. Chen,
• Zhen-Jie Yang,
• Chia-Hao Chang,
• Hoong-Uei Koh,
• Sameerah I. Al-Saeedi,
• Kuo-Lun Tung and
• Kevin C.-W. Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 313–324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.26

• ., strong acids or bases or organic solvents) compared to polymer substrates. The particle size of α-Al2O3 on dense top layers of these disks is around 200 nm (information from Fraunhofer IKTS, Germany). The porosity of the disks was measured as 41.58% by mercury porosimeter measurements. The XRD patterns

Investigation of a memory effect in a Au/(Ti–Cu)Ox-gradient thin film/TiAlV structure

• Damian Wojcieszak,
• Jarosław Domaradzki,
• Michał Mazur,
• Tomasz Kotwica and
• Danuta Kaczmarek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 265–273, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.21

• a much wider (several hundred nanometers) semiconducting (e.g., doped or nonstoichiometric oxide) layer. Materials used either for insulating or semiconducting layers include HfO2 [3][15][16][17][18], ZnO [19][20], CuO [21][22][23][24][25][26][27], ZrO2 [12], Ta2O5 [28][29], and NiO [3][30][31][32

• ]. The most commonly used material in resistive switching devices is TiO2−x [33][34][35][36][37][38]. In addition to the oxide layers, the material used for metal electrodes plays another crucial role in the resistive switching mechanism. Usually, materials such as Au, Ag, Ni, Ti, W, TiN, or ITO are used

• . Therefore, to increase the sputtering flux of titanium species, two Ti and one Cu targets were sputtered in the so-called simultaneous mode. The magnetrons were arranged in a confocal configuration. To obtain a gradient distribution of elements as a function of the thickness of the deposited layers

Photothermal ablation of murine melanomas by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle clusters

• Xue Wang,
• Lili Xuan and
• Ying Pan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 255–264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.20

• and lower hyperthermia efficiency [11]. Indeed, other researchers find that the temperature increase by magnetic hyperthermia is much lower than that of NIR-induced heating, presumably due to the coating layers needed for biological dispersion [12]. Yu et al. first discovered strong photothermal

Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction on a metallic glass

• Haoran Ma and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 236–244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.18

• surface dissolution at the interface of the two layers. The findings contribute to the understanding of mechanical contacts with metallic glasses under corrosive conditions by exploring the interrelation of microscopic corrosion mechanisms and nanoscale friction. Keywords: atomic force microscopy (AFM

• solution and corrosion products on the surfaces reduced the friction coefficient [16][17]. The native oxide layers grown in the air were found to strengthen the friction coefficient and the wear resistance of MGs at the nanoscale [18][19]. The thermal oxidation caused a higher contribution of shearing and

• of the friction coefficient and the adhesion force on immersion time for inner and outer layers. The friction coefficient is calculated as the slope of a linear fit to the friction force versus normal load data (Figure 4). The adhesion force of the inner layer versus the AFM tip is determined as the

Theoretical understanding of electronic and mechanical properties of 1T′ transition metal dichalcogenide crystals

• Seyedeh Alieh Kazemi,
• Sadegh Imani Yengejeh,
• Vei Wang,
• William Wen and
• Yun Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 160–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.11

• from catalysis to energy storage and electronic devices [1][2][3][4][5][6]. Generally, each TMD layer can be described as a sandwich type of structure (X–TM–X), where TM and X are transition metal cations (e.g., Mo and W) and chalcogen anions (e.g., S and Se). Individual layers are bound via

• mechanical properties using the axial loading and transverse loading models, respectively. The Young’s modulus Y, Poisson’s ratio ν and the microhardness parameter H can be obtained as: To investigate the impact of the bonding strength between atoms and layers of TMDs on their mechanical properties, the

• . Eint was calculated using the following equation: where Ebulk and Emono are the energies of the bulk and monolayer of TMDs, respectively. N is the number of the layers in each unit cell. To understand the bonding strength between TM and X atoms as well as its impact on the cohesive energy of the TMDs

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

A photonic crystal material for the online detection of nonpolar hydrocarbon vapors

• Evgenii S. Bolshakov,
• Aleksander V. Ivanov,
• Andrei A. Kozlov,
• Anton S. Aksenov,
• Elena V. Isanbaeva,
• Sergei E. Kushnir,
• Aleksei D. Yapryntsev,
• Aleksander E. Baranchikov and
• Yury A. Zolotov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 127–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.9

• hold this array, preventing it from moving apart due to the swelling of the polydimethylsiloxane layer, whereas when exposed to the test alkanes, this does not happen so quickly, and the shift of the lower layers is delayed, resulting in broadening of the photonic bandgap and a less pronounced color

Bacterial safety study of the production process of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers

• Axel Steffen,
• Yu Xiong,
• Radostina Georgieva,
• Ulrich Kalus and
• Hans Bäumler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 114–126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.8

• inhibit DNA synthesis in bacteria, and similar effects are also seen on RNA and protein syntheses [44][45]. In addition, glutaraldehyde particularly acts on the outer layers of E. coli and cross-links lipoproteins and proteins there as well. This fixation of bacteria prevents the bacterial cells from

Tin dioxide nanomaterial-based photocatalysts for nitrogen oxide oxidation: a review

• Viet Van Pham,
• Hong-Huy Tran,
• Thao Kim Truong and
• Thi Minh Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 96–113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.7

• cell of rutile SnO2, a Sn4+ ion is bonded to six oxygen ions, and every oxygen atom is coordinated by three Sn4+ ions, forming a (6, 3) coordination structure [44]. When SnO2 materials are prepared as thin films with two to eight layers the bandgap is larger than that of bulk SnO2 and decreases with

Nanoscale friction and wear of a polymer coated with graphene

• Robin Vacher and
• Astrid S. de Wijn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 63–73, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.4

• layers of graphene oxide and polyethylenimine. The authors showed that a transfer film of graphene on the polymer leads to lower friction. While to our knowledge there have been no numerical studies of friction on graphene-coated polymers, the graphene–polymer interface has been studied. Rissanou et al

• polymer near the surface is affected by the graphene layer. In the case of the flat graphene sheet, the particles of the polymer align in layers parallel to the surface, as can be seen in Figure 4b. In Figure 4b, the red flat region corresponds to a depth at which there is a high density of polymers. A

• graphene sheet is not just protecting the polymer from the tip, but also constraining the chains. Our work thus shows that it is the interaction between graphene and polymer that plays a crucial role in the friction and wear. The graphene layers we have used, both flat and crumpled, are constrained to

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

Topographic signatures and manipulations of Fe atoms, CO molecules and NaCl islands on superconducting Pb(111)

• Carl Drechsel,
• Philipp D’Astolfo,
• Jung-Ching Liu,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Rémy Pawlak and
• Ernst Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1–9, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.1

• ]. In this work, we report on the topographic features of adsorbed CO molecules, NaCl layers and Fe adatoms on a superconducting Pb(111) surface, investigated with STM at 4.8 K. We show that CO molecules on Pb(111) are hardly visible in STM images due to their high diffusion induced by the tip even at

Design aspects of Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ THz sources: optimization of thermal and radiative properties

• Mikhail M. Krasnov,
• Natalia D. Novikova,
• Roger Cattaneo,
• Alexey A. Kalenyuk and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1392–1403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.103

• on a flat portion of Bi-2212 surface, followed by argon-ion etching of the unprotected parts of Au and Bi-2212, the deposition of insulating SiO2 or CaF2 layers and a lift-off of the photoresist at the line. The depth of Bi-2212 etching at this stage (dm ≈ 200–400 nm) defines the height of mesas and

• the number of IJJ in the device, N = dm/s, where s ≃ 1.5 nm is the interlayer spacing between double CuO2 layers in Bi-2212. After that a top Ti/Au layer with a total thickness of approx. 200 nm is deposited. Finally, several electrodes, crossing the line in a perpendicular direction, are made by

Measurement of polarization effects in dual-phase ceria-based oxygen permeation membranes using Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Kerstin Neuhaus,
• Christina Schmidt,
• Liudmila Fischer,
• Wilhelm Albert Meulenberg,
• Ke Ran,
• Joachim Mayer and
• Stefan Baumann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1380–1391, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.102

• is to be expected, because of the still measurable electron conductivity of the spinel at room temperature and the possibility of redistribution of electrons over the uppermost layers of the surface of the ceria phase [26][27][28]. For macroscopic polarization experiments, τfit can be expressed by

• the sign of the polarization, it was observed in some cases that charge is obviously distributed along scratches on the surface, which were introduced by polishing. This underlines the hypothesis, that fast charge transport in ceria-based materials via the uppermost surface layers is still possible at

Polarity in cuticular ridge development and insect attachment on leaf surfaces of Schismatoglottis calyptrata (Araceae)

• Venkata A. Surapaneni,
• Tobias Aust,
• Thomas Speck and
• Marc Thielen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1326–1338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.98

• different. Such unevenness in the exposure of the leaf to the external environment might result in the inclined ridge progression on the S. calyptrata leaves. Also, the presence of ridges on the leaf surfaces might reduce friction, thereby, avoiding damage between the delicate rolled leaf layers during

Plasmon-enhanced photoluminescence from TiO₂ and TeO₂ thin films doped by Eu³⁺ for optoelectronic applications

• Marcin Łapiński,
• Jakub Czubek,
• Katarzyna Drozdowska,
• Anna Synak,
• Wojciech Sadowski and
• Barbara Kościelska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1271–1278, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.94

• . Potential new materials can be found through the computation of luminescent thin films and plasmonic platforms. Such a hybrid structure can be formed by thin oxide layers doped with rare-earth ions deposited on metal nanostructures [1][2][3]. Plasmonic resonance can be observed in metallic nanostructures

• were annealed at 550 °C for 15 min in air atmosphere. The formation of metallic nanostructures has been described in detail in our previous works [24][25][26]. On the prepared plasmonic platforms a dielectric buffer layer was deposited. We chose two kinds of layers. The first one, Al2O3, with different

• thicknesses in a range of 2 to 8 nm was deposited by atomic layer deposition (ALD) using a Beneq TFS 200 ALD system. This method provides precise control over the thickness with atomic accuracy. Trimethylaluminum (Sigma-Aldrich) and purified water were used as precursors. The deposition of the atomic layers

Two dynamic modes to streamline challenging atomic force microscopy measurements

• Alexei G. Temiryazev,
• Andrey V. Krayev and
• Marina P. Temiryazeva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1226–1236, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.90

• amplitude of the probe oscillations sharply drops to zero [24]. This phenomenon is usually caused by a combination of small oscillation amplitude, inappropriately low spring constant of the probe (and thus too low energy stored in the vibration), strong attractive forces caused by some surface layers (water

Morphology-driven gas sensing by fabricated fractals: A review

• Vishal Kamathe and
• Rupali Nagar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1187–1208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.88

• regions resulting in decreased sensitivity. Figure 11a and Figure 11b show, respectively, a SEM image and the scaling factor with fractal dimension D = 1.75 of the TiO2 fractals. Sabri et al. synthesized a TiO2 structure referred to as soot-derived TiO2 layers (ST) [73]. These were formed on a Pt

• (a) top-view morphology and (b) thickness of the specimen. (c) EDS maps of the deposited ST material on the sensor. (d) EDS maps for single elements Si, Pt, O and Ti of soot derived TiO2 layers on Pt electrode-based sensor, (e–j) Optical and photo-response results of ultra-porous TiO2 films. Figure

Irradiation-driven molecular dynamics simulation of the FEBID process for Pt(PF₃)₄

• Alexey Prosvetov,
• Alexey V. Verkhovtsev,
• Gennady Sushko and
• Andrey V. Solov’yov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1151–1172, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.86

• . New precursor molecules are deposited over the area of 14 nm × 14 nm to cover the beam spot while preventing the accumulation of the non-fragmented molecules along the perimeter of the simulation box where the fragmentation probability is very low (see Figure 3B). The density of new molecular layers

Assessment of the optical and electrical properties of light-emitting diodes containing carbon-based nanostructures and plasmonic nanoparticles: a review

• Keshav Nagpal,
• Erwan Rauwel,
• Frédérique Ducroquet and
• Protima Rauwel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1078–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.80

• market as they suffer from energy losses due to total internal reflection at the emitter/air interface. Several methods have been proposed to tune the properties of LED. To that end, multiwall carbon nanotubes (MWNT) and single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWNT) have been applied to various layers in LED, such

• as the emissive layer (EML), the hole transport layers (HTL), the electron transport layers (ETL), the cathode, and the anode [17][18][19][20][21]. Enhancement in LED properties via surface plasmon resonance (SPR) of metal nanoparticles (MNP) such as Au and Ag have also been reported [22][23]. This

• feasibility of incorporating GR and CNT in large-scale devices is also discussed. Even though plasmonic nanoparticles (NP) are a developing field, their applications are nonetheless promising. The effect of these nanostructures on the performance of LED when included in individual layers (i.e., anode, HTL

An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1034–1046, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.77

• fabricated using reshaped photoresist technology to form a channel inside (Figure 5c). The microneedle had a 1500 μm long shaft with a 45° angle tapered tip and a 1000 μm long pedestal. The manufacture comprised of repetitive patterning of the substrates by electroplating metal layers with multiple

Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries

• Marina Tabuyo-Martínez,
• Bernd Wicklein and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 995–1020, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.75

• methodology is more prone to generate rather thick and bulky sulfur layers, the latter can produce fine particles down to molecular sulfur species (S8) deposited on and within porous host materials [53]. Many cathodes of Na–S batteries are fabricated by the impregnation approach. In a recent work, 10 nm S NPs

A Au/CuNiCoS₄/p-Si photodiode: electrical and morphological characterization

• Adem Koçyiğit,
• Adem Sarılmaz,
• Teoman Öztürk,
• Faruk Ozel and
• Murat Yıldırım

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 984–994, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.74

• have revealed that the bandgap value is suitable for optoelectronic devices. To the best of our knowledge, there is no study on the electrical properties of CuNiCoS4-based photodiodes. The usage of different materials as interfacial layers in metal–semiconductor devices is a hot research topic

• ± 1 nm. An interplanar spacing of d = 2.87 Å, corresponding to the (113) planes of the cubic crystal structure, was determined from the HR-TEM image in Figure 2c. Figure 2d shows a FE-SEM images of the agglomerated nanocrystals. The surface of the CuNiCoS4 nanocrystal layers is smooth and free from

• results of the CuNiCoS4 nanocrystals confirmed that the nanocrystals are suitable for interfacial layers of photodiodes. Optical properties The optical properties of CuNiCoS4 nanocrystals were investigated by absorbance and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (Figure 3). As can be seen in Figure 3a, the

Is the Ne operation of the helium ion microscope suitable for electron backscatter diffraction sample preparation?

• Annalena Wolff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 965–983, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.73

Uniform arrays of gold nanoelectrodes with tuneable recess depth

• Elena O. Gordeeva,
• Ilya V. Roslyakov,
• Alexey P. Leontiev,
• Alexey A. Klimenko and
• Kirill S. Napolskii

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 957–964, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.72

• nanowires are electrically connected both to the bottom and the top continuous Cu layers (Figure 1c). According to [27], the decrease in electrodeposition overpotential, which is accompanied by the decrease in the diffusion current contribution, leads to an increase in the number of nanowires that reach the

• segments having electrical connection both with the bottom and the top continuous Cu layers are formed. Formation and characterization of NEAs After all the steps described above, the obtained NEAs consisted of the following components: the Cu layer sputtered on the AAO bottom side, short Cu, short Au, and

• diffusion layers results in the planar diffusion to the NEA surface. Thus, a decrease in the density of active electrodes could be more appropriate because of the decrease in electric double layer charging current and, as a consequence, the growth of the signal-to-noise ratio. A controlled decrease in the