Insect attachment on waxy plant surfaces: the effect of pad contamination by different waxes

• Elena V. Gorb and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 385–395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.35

• septempunctata (L.) (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae) on microporous substrates able to absorb both polar (water) and non-polar (oil) fluids clearly showed a strong reduction of the attachment force on these substrates compared to reference smooth solid substrates [24]. The latter result has been explained by

Conjugated photothermal materials and structure design for solar steam generation

• Chia-Yang Lin and
• Tsuyoshi Michinobu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 454–466, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.36

• hydrophobicity allows the material to float on water. Microporous structures were obtained by NaCl particulate leaching. The pore sizes could be flexibly controlled by the size of the NaCl template. This method is simple, low-cost, and easy to scale up. The surface structures of the foam were visualized by SEM

• buoyancy due to their superior water resistance and antifouling properties. Due to the microporous nature of the polymer foams, after 10 min of swelling in water, the water could eventually be transported from the bottom to the surface through the foam’s interconnected pathways. These polymer evaporators

Recent advances in nanoarchitectures of monocrystalline coordination polymers through confined assembly

• Lingling Xia,
• Qinyue Wang and
• Ming Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 763–777, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.67

• networks were formed by densely packed monodispersed polystyrene spheres, ordered macropores could be created inside ZIF-8 single crystals or other coordination polymers (Figure 5) [117][118]. The inverse opal single crystals presented higher catalytic activity than microporous single crystals. These

• single crystals could also serve as templates to derive microporous CoSe2@C, which was used as cathode for aluminum-ion batteries [119]. The connected macropores could facilitate the diffusion of large chloroaluminate anions and provide more exposed active sites, thus, showing excellent rate capacity

Nanoarchitectonics of the cathode to improve the reversibility of Li–O₂ batteries

• Hien Thi Thu Pham,
• Jonghyeok Yun,
• So Yeun Kim,
• Sang A Han,
• Jung Ho Kim,
• Jong-Won Lee and
• Min-Sik Park

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 689–698, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.61

• metal ions are zinc and cobalt, respectively) have been extensively studied for various energy storage applications [35][36]. From a structural viewpoint, ZIF-8-derived carbon materials have a large specific surface area with a well-defined microporous structure and a high N content [37]. Meanwhile, ZIF

• of both ZIF-8- and ZIF-67-derived carbon materials. During the carbonization process, Zn forms a microporous domain with a large surface area while Co forms a mesoporous domain with a small surface area in the carbon matrix. Therefore, the surface area can be reduced with an increase in mesopore

An overview of microneedle applications, materials, and fabrication methods

• Zahra Faraji Rad,
• Philip D. Prewett and
• Graham J. Davies

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1034–1046, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.77

• after 2–3 weeks [95]. In other work, hollow pyramidal silicon dioxide microneedle arrays, with heights of 150–200 μm, were made by oxidising microporous silicon produced by a combination of wet etching and electrochemistry [96]. Porous silicon microneedles may overcome the brittle properties of single

Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries

• Marina Tabuyo-Martínez,
• Bernd Wicklein and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 995–1020, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.75

• composites remarkably promising cathode materials for RT Na–S batteries. Among the different studied materials are, for instance, microporous (Figure 3) and ultramicroporous carbon materials, which have shown a considerable ability to confine sulfur and sodium polysulfides [29][30]. This confinement

Effect of different silica coatings on the toxicity of upconversion nanoparticles on RAW 264.7 macrophage cells

• Cynthia Kembuan,
• Helena Oliveira and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 35–48, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.3

• of Applied Sciences, Fachbereich Chemie- und Biotechnologie, Stephanstr. 7, D-64295 Darmstadt, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.12.3 Abstract Upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs), consisting of NaYF4 doped with 18% Yb and 2% Er, were coated with microporous silica shells with thickness values of 7 ± 2 and 21

• macrophages and other immune cells, which eliminate foreign substances from the organism. Moreover, they have already been applied in studies involving uncoated NaGdF4 [42] and silica particles [43][44][45][46]. Upconversion cores consisting of NaYF4 doped with 18% Yb and 2% Er were synthesized. Microporous

• work, by measuring released F− and Y3+ ions that the dissolution of UCNPs in water can be almost completely suppressed by a thick (73 nm) microporous silica shell. In the case of a 10 nm thick silica shell, they observed that the amount of released ions increases with time [57]. Cytotoxicity studies

PEG/PEI-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes as delivery carriers for doxorubicin: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation

• Shuoye Yang,
• Zhenwei Wang,
• Yahong Ping,
• Yuying Miao,
• Yongmei Xiao,
• Lingbo Qu,
• Lu Zhang,
• Yuansen Hu and
• Jinshui Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1728–1741, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.155

• to shorten SWCNTs, that is, H2SO4/H2O2 (1:1, v/v), HNO3, and H2SO4/HNO3 (1:3, v/v). Subsequently, the suspension was intensively stirred at 80 °C for 8 h. After that, the mixture was refluxed and diluted with distilled water, and then filtrated through a 0.22 µm PTFE microporous membrane. The product

Structure and electrochemical performance of electrospun-ordered porous carbon/graphene composite nanofibers

• Yi Wang,
• Yanhua Song,
• Chengwei Ye and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1280–1290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.112

• increase in the pore volume of the OPCGCNFs was mainly due to the increase in the number of channels in the fibers, leading to an increase in the ion transport rate. This shows that proper microporous/mesoporous structures can facilitate the transport and adsorption of ions in the electrode, which favors

Adsorptive removal of bulky dye molecules from water with mesoporous polyaniline-derived carbon

• Hyung Jun An,
• Jong Min Park,
• Nazmul Abedin Khan and
• Sung Hwa Jhung

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 597–605, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.47

• bulky dye molecules (vide infra). On the contrary, the pore size of activated carbon (AC) is very small (or mainly in microporous region); therefore, it might not be effective in adsorption of bulky dye molecules. The hydrophobicity or hydrophilicity of PDC was estimated by checking the adsorbed

Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

• Maximilian Wassner,
• Markus Eckardt,
• Andreas Reyer,
• Thomas Diemant,
• Michael S. Elsaesser,
• R. Jürgen Behm and
• Nicola Hüsing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1–15, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.1

• -NCS-850 and g-NCS-1000 the G band shifts back to 1586 cm−1 and 1581 cm−1, respectively. The NCS samples are highly microporous, which is indicated by the measured type-I N2 sorption isotherms (Figure 7), combined with a low external surface area compared to the specific surface area (Table 4). The

• accessibility of the N-doped carbon core in the electrochemical studies, which also resulted in a better performance. For the NCS samples only the microporous character becomes more pronounced with increasing nitriding temperature. Hence, the ORR performance cannot be assumed to be identical in both cases, even

Air oxidation of sulfur mustard gas simulants using a pyrene-based metal–organic framework photocatalyst

• Ghada Ayoub,
• Mihails Arhangelskis,
• Xuan Zhang,
• Florencia Son,
• Timur Islamoglu,
• Tomislav Friščić and
• Omar K. Farha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2422–2427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.232

• , Evanston, IL 60208, USA Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208, USA 10.3762/bjnano.10.232 Abstract We demonstrate a microporous metal–organic framework NU-400 based on a 2,7-disubstituted pyrene linker as a highly efficient

• scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images showing that bulk NU-400 material consists of octahedral crystals ranging in sizes from 1 to 5 microns (Figure S3, Supporting Information File 1). The microporous nature of NU-400 was established by N2 sorption measurements at 77 K, which revealed a Brunauer–Emmet

• overoxidation of CEES to 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfone (CEESO2) was observed, as demonstrated by 1H NMR spectroscopy (Figure S6, Supporting Information File 1). Conclusion In summary, we demonstrated NU-400, a microporous MOF based on a pyrene-2,7-dicarboxylate linker as a highly effective platform for singlet

Coating of upconversion nanoparticles with silica nanoshells of 5–250 nm thickness

• Cynthia Kembuan,
• Maysoon Saleh,
• Bastian Rühle,
• Ute Resch-Genger and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2410–2421, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.231

• such as peptides, antibodies or nucleic acids for bioimaging applications or fluorescence assays. The growth of a mesoporous silica shell on a microporous silica shell can also be applied for the subsequent use of these nanomaterials for drug loading and delivery [69]. Experimental All syntheses were

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

• , Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.10.200 Abstract In this contribution, the preparation of hierarchically structured ETS-10-based catalysts exhibiting notably higher activity in the conversion of triolein with methanol compared to microporous titanosilicate is presented. Triolein, together

• [19][20] offer a combination of the possibility for the pore network modification (e.g., as a result of a post-synthetic treatment) and high stability (e.g., compared to MOFs) with active sites being part of a framework. The microporous, titanosilicate ETS-10 catalyst was found to be one of the most

• active catalysts amongst the crystalline microporous molecular sieves (such as, e.g., zeolites) reported for the transesterification of triglycerides with methanol [20]. Its crystal structure is built up from orthogonal TiO6 octahedra and SiO4 tetrahedra sharing oxygen atoms and forming a three

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• frameworks and porous coordination polymers have received much attention because of the various functional nanoporous structures that can be engineered through self-assembly from selected components [127][128][129][130]. Pan, Su, and co-workers fabricated metal–organic framework materials with microporous

Nanostructured and oriented metal–organic framework films enabling extreme surface wetting properties

• Andre Mähringer,
• Julian M. Rotter and
• Dana D. Medina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1994–2003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.196

• vision, even at large temperature differences of up to 120 °C. Results and Discussion The M-CAT-1 MOFs are crystalline, microporous structures obtained by a solvothermal reaction of metal precursors and the organic building block 2,3,6,7,10,11-hexahydroxytriphenylene (HHTP) as a dark precipitate. The M

The influence of porosity on nanoparticle formation in hierarchical aluminophosphates

• Matthew E. Potter,
• Lauren N. Riley,
• Alice E. Oakley,
• Panashe M. Mhembere,
• June Callison and
• Robert Raja

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1952–1957, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.191

• deposited on a traditional microporous aluminophosphate, with an analogous hierarchical species, containing both micropores and mesopores, we explore the influence of this dual porosity on nanoparticle deposition. We show that the presence of mesopores has limited influence on the nanoparticle properties

• , which allows the nanoparticle to be deposited, and yet sufficiently isolated from other particles, to hinder aggregation. Of the wide range of supports utilised in the literature, micro- and meso-porous species are the most common [7][8][9][10]. Microporous materials can achieve high levels of control

• ]ammonium chloride (DMOD) in an AlPO synthesis, alongside a microporous template, allows silanol-lined mesopores to form simultaneously with the microporous network, yielding a hierarchically porous (HP) system [14]. In this work, we utilise both a HP silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) system and a traditional

Charge-transfer interactions between fullerenes and a mesoporous tetrathiafulvalene-based metal–organic framework

• Manuel Souto,
• Joaquín Calbo,
• Samuel Mañas-Valero,
• Aron Walsh and
• Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1883–1893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.183

• is based on the 6-connected trimeric cluster [Fe3(μ3O)(COO)6] as secondary building unit (SBU) and tetratopic tetrathiafulvalene-tetrabenzoate (TTFTB4−) ligands. This MOF shows a hierarchical structure with mesoporous channels of ≈3 nm and orthogonal microporous channels of ≈1 nm. In addition, it

Processing nanoporous organic polymers in liquid amines

• Jeehye Byun,
• Damien Thirion and
• Cafer T. Yavuz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1844–1850, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.179

• organic frameworks [6], conjugated microporous polymers [7], covalent triazine frameworks [8], porous aromatic frameworks [9], porous polymer networks [10], and polymers of intrinsic microporosity [11]. We have been working on nanoporous covalent organic polymers (COP), focusing on structural durability

The impact of crystal size and temperature on the adsorption-induced flexibility of the Zr-based metal–organic framework DUT-98

• Simon Krause,
• Volodymyr Bon,
• Hongchu Du,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski,
• Ulrich Stoeck,
• Irena Senkovska and
• Stefan Kaskel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1737–1744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.169

• ) exhibits type I isotherm, reflecting the microporosity of the MOF. DUT-98(3) and (4) show type I behavior at lower relative pressures and type IV behavior at higher relative pressures, reflecting the microporous nature of the MOF and additional interparticle mesoporosity, respectively. This assumption is

TiO₂/GO-coated functional separator to suppress polysulfide migration in lithium–sulfur batteries

• Ning Liu,
• Lu Wang,
• Taizhe Tan,
• Yan Zhao and
• Yongguang Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1726–1736, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.168

• water. The remainder after the heating process was regarded as the TiO2, which accounts for 45.6 wt % of the whole. The N2 adsorption–desorption isotherm of the TiO2/GO composite is shown in Figure 2d. A distinct hysteresis loop can be identified, indicating the microporous structure of the TiO2/GO

Upcycling of polyurethane waste by mechanochemistry: synthesis of N-doped porous carbon materials for supercapacitor applications

• Christina Schneidermann,
• Pascal Otto,
• Desirée Leistenschneider,
• Sven Grätz,
• Claudia Eßbach and
• Lars Borchardt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1618–1627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.157

• ., the reference with no K2CO3) does not show any porosity and a slightly decreased nitrogen content of 3.9 wt % compared to the pure PU-BM (5.7 wt %, Table 1). In contrast, a microporous material is obtained after adding only a small amount of K2CO3 (PUPC-800-1, Figure 2A) [69]. PUPC-800-1 exhibits a

Playing with covalent triazine framework tiles for improved CO₂ adsorption properties and catalytic performance

• Giulia Tuci,
• Andree Iemhoff,
• Housseinou Ba,
• Lapo Luconi,
• Andrea Rossin,
• Vasiliki Papaefthimiou,
• Regina Palkovits,
• Jens Artz,
• Cuong Pham-Huu and
• Giuliano Giambastiani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1217–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.121

• basically account for samples with a prevalent microporous structure (see Table 1, entries 3–5 and Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2C–E and Figure S2C′–E′). In spite of its purely microporous nature and moderate SSA (352 m2·g−1), CTF3 holds one of the highest N contents (29.1 wt %) reported so far in

• = 273 K and T = 298 K, in order to calculate the CO2 heat of adsorption (Qst). All these data are summarized in Table 2 and systematically compared with those reported in the literature for related CTF systems. As Figure 1 shows, neither purely microporous, although highly N-rich, samples (CTF3) nor

• selectivity value of 65 that is the highest calculated for this material series. This result is in line with the pure microporous nature of the sample whose channels match better with the CO2 dimensions providing a higher kinetic selectivity for CO2 separation from CO2/N2 mixtures [56]. CTF1–5 as metal-free

A highly efficient porous rod-like Ce-doped ZnO photocatalyst for the degradation of dye contaminants in water

• Binjing Hu,
• Qiang Sun,
• Chengyi Zuo,
• Yunxin Pei,
• Siwei Yang,
• Hui Zheng and
• Fangming Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1157–1165, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.115

• . [23]. Its merits not only lie in the many facile synthetic methods, but on the good thermal stability and microporous crystalline structure of the material [24]. Also, when treated as a template, ZIF-8 is likely to be converted into a stable and porous material with a large surface area and high

Photoactive nanoarchitectures based on clays incorporating TiO₂ and ZnO nanoparticles

• Eduardo Ruiz-Hitzky,
• Pilar Aranda,
• Marwa Akkari,
• Nithima Khaorapapong and
• Makoto Ogawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1140–1156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.114

• , affecting the physio-chemical characteristics of the resulting clay-based nanoarchitectures [85][86][87]. Nanotubular halloysite and microporous fibrous silicates such as sepiolite and palygorskite can be also considered as good candidates for the size-controlled growth of NPs, due to their well-defined