Mesoporous cerium oxide nanospheres for the visible-light driven photocatalytic degradation of dyes

• Subas K. Muduli,
• Songling Wang,
• Shi Chen,
• Chin Fan Ng,
• Cheng Hon Alfred Huan,
• Tze Chien Sum and
• Han Sen Soo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 517–523, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.60

• material has fairly monodisperse nanospheres with diameters of 50–70 nm. Each nanosphere consists of an irregular mesoporous structure that is an aggregate of small nanocrystalline domains. The high-resolution TEM images confirm that the cerium oxide consists of crystalline domains, 4–5 nm in size (red

One-step synthesis of high quality kesterite Cu₂ZnSnS₄ nanocrystals – a hydrothermal approach

• Vincent Tiing Tiong,
• John Bell and
• Hongxia Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 438–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.51

• the best of our knowledge, the formation mechanism of CZTS in the hydrothermal reaction has rarely been reported due to the complex reactions involved in the system. Herein we report the synthesis of high quality, pure kesterite phase, monodisperse CZTS nanocrystals by a one-step hydrothermal

• observed, suggesting the highly purity of the synthesized CZTS material [19][20]. The morphology and particle size of the CZTS nanocrystals are shown in Figure 1c, which suggests the CZTS nanocrystals are monodisperse with crystal sizes around 10 ± 3 nm. High-resolution TEM (HRTEM) image in Figure 1d

• obtained. When 18 μL TGA is used in the reaction system, uniform and monodisperse CZTS nanocrystals with an average size of 10 nm are obtained. With increasing the TGA concentration to 180 μL, the size distribution of the CZTS nanocrystals becomes less uniform and some triangular-like shape nanocrystals

Design criteria for stable Pt/C fuel cell catalysts

• Josef C. Meier,
• Carolina Galeano,
• Ioannis Katsounaros,
• Jonathon Witte,
• Hans J. Bongard,
• Angel A. Topalov,
• Claudio Baldizzone,
• Stefano Mezzavilla,
• Ferdi Schüth and
• Karl J. J. Mayrhofer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 44–67, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.5

• gives a monodisperse distribution of the particle sizes after the sintering (Pt@HGS 3–4 nm). A first investigation of the electrochemical properties of the Pt@HGS 3–4 nm material has been described before [71]. The synthesis of the Pt/Vulcan 3–4 nm material was also described previously [16]. Contrary

• size distribution is very monodisperse compared to what is known for other Pt/C materials that have undergone a comparable treatment. This well-defined particle growth is attributed to the defined pore size distribution within the mesoporous network. The comparison between the DF-STEM images before and

Cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects of PVP-coated silver nanoparticles after intratracheal instillation in rats

• Nadine Haberl,
• Stephanie Hirn,
• Alexander Wenk,
• Jörg Diendorf,
• Matthias Epple,
• Blair D. Johnston,
• Fritz Krombach,
• Wolfgang G. Kreyling and
• Carsten Schleh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 933–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.105

• rats. Monodisperse, PVP-coated AgNP (70 nm) showing little agglomeration in aqueous suspension were instilled intratracheally. After 24 hours, the lungs were lavaged, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein, and cytokine levels as well as total and differential cell counts were measured in the

• aim of the current study was to assess the adverse health effects of AgNP in vivo, more specifically, after the intratracheal instillation in rats, with a focus on cytotoxicity and cytokine induction. Therefore, monodisperse polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)-coated AgNP (70 nm mean diameter) were instilled

• , with a focus on cytotoxicity and cytokine induction. Here, we demonstrate that the intratracheal instillation of 250 µg, but not of 50 µg, of monodisperse PVP-coated 70 nm AgNP in rats caused cytotoxic and inflammatory responses of the lungs, as shown by elevated BALF LDH, protein, and cytokine levels

Optimization of solution-processed oligothiophene:fullerene based organic solar cells by using solvent additives

• Gisela L. Schulz,
• Marta Urdanpilleta,
• Roland Fitzner,
• Eduard Brier,
• Elena Mena-Osteritz,
• Egon Reinold and
• Peter Bäuerle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 680–689, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.77

• , “small” molecules, have the advantage of possessing a defined molecular structure that is monodisperse in nature and allows for purification and characterization, which leads to the derivation of valuable structure–property relationships. Problems with respect to reproducibility of solar cell results due

Hydrogen-plasma-induced magnetocrystalline anisotropy ordering in self-assembled magnetic nanoparticle monolayers

• Alexander Weddemann,
• Judith Meyer,
• Anna Regtmeier,
• Irina Janzen,
• Dieter Akemeier and
• Andreas Hütten

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 164–172, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.16

• of monodisperse Co particles, which will be referred to as sample I and sample II in the following. Sample I consists of particles with an average diameter dI = 13.80 nm and a standard deviation of σI = 2.60 nm, while nanoparticles in sample II have a size of dII = 6.09 nm at a standard deviation of

Focused electron beam induced deposition: A perspective

• Michael Huth,
• Fabrizio Porrati,
• Christian Schwalb,
• Marcel Winhold,
• Roland Sachser,
• Maja Dukic,
• Jonathan Adams and
• Georg Fantner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 597–619, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.70

Macromolecular shape and interactions in layer-by-layer assemblies within cylindrical nanopores

• Thomas D. Lazzara,
• K. H. Aaron Lau,
• Wolfgang Knoll,
• Andreas Janshoff and
• Claudia Steinem

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 475–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.54

• , hexagonally close-packed, cylindrical pores running straight through the AAO membrane thickness, with conveniently adjustable monodisperse pore diameters, degree of lattice spacing, and membrane thickness [27][28][29], making it well suited as a model nanoporous system [30][31][32]. LbL of polyelectrolyte

Magnetic-Fe/Fe₃O₄-nanoparticle-bound SN38 as carboxylesterase-cleavable prodrug for the delivery to tumors within monocytes/macrophages

• Hongwang Wang,
• Tej B. Shrestha,
• Matthew T. Basel,
• Raj K. Dani,
• Gwi-Moon Seo,
• Sivasai Balivada,
• Marla M. Pyle,
• Heidy Prock,
• Olga B. Koper,
• Prem S. Thapa,
• David Moore,
• Ping Li,
• Viktor Chikan,
• Deryl L. Troyer and
• Stefan H. Bossmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 444–455, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.51

• nanoparticles in water is about 95 nm, indicating that some level of aggregation occurred in the aqueous media, but overall the nanoparticles are monodisperse with a narrow size distribution (polydispersity <0.20) (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1). Since the MNP-SN38 platform will be loaded on Mo/Ma

Colloidal lithography for fabricating patterned polymer-brush microstructures

• Tao Chen,
• Debby P. Chang,
• Rainer Jordan and
• Stefan Zauscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 397–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.46

• : atom-transfer radical polymerization; colloidal lithography; patterning; self-assembled microsphere monolayer; Introduction It is well known that monodisperse colloidal microspheres easily self-assemble into hexagonally close-packed arrays on surfaces as a result of capillary forces arising from the

Analysis of fluid flow around a beating artificial cilium

• Mojca Vilfan,
• Gašper Kokot,
• Andrej Vilfan,
• Natan Osterman,
• Blaž Kavčič,
• Igor Poberaj and
• Dušan Babič

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 163–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.16

• terms and the corrected theoretical result shows an excellent agreement with the measured data. Experimental Preparation of artificial cilium We assembled the artificial cilium from monodisperse superparamagnetic beads (Dynabeads Epoxy M-450, Dynal Biotech, diameter 4.4 μm, standard deviation in bead

Self-assembly of octadecyltrichlorosilane: Surface structures formed using different protocols of particle lithography

• ChaMarra K. Saner,
• Kathie L. Lusker,
• Zorabel M. LeJeune,
• Wilson K. Serem and
• Jayne C. Garno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 114–122, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.12

• handled carefully. After acid cleaning, the substrates were rinsed with copious amounts of deionized water and dried in air. Size-sorted, monodisperse polystyrene latex mesospheres (200 nm diameter) were used as surface masks for patterning (Thermo-Fisher Scientific, Waltman, MA). Aqueous solutions of

STM study on the self-assembly of oligothiophene-based organic semiconductors

• Elena Mena-Osteritz,
• Marta Urdanpilleta,
• Erwaa El-Hosseiny,
• Berndt Koslowski,
• Paul Ziemann and
• Peter Bäuerle

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 802–808, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.88

• -molecule organic devices have restored huge interest in structurally well-defined and therefore monodisperse, crystalline oligomers [8]. The method of choice to investigate the ordering of organic semiconductors adsorbed on flat metallic surfaces, at the desired molecular level in the subnanometer range

Formation of SiC nanoparticles in an atmospheric microwave plasma

• Martin Vennekamp,
• Ingolf Bauer,
• Matthias Groh,
• Evgeni Sperling,
• Susanne Ueberlein,
• Maksym Myndyk,
• Gerrit Mäder and
• Stefan Kaskel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 665–673, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.71

• produced powder was measured with the BET (Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller) method in a QUADRASORB Sl (Quantachrome Instruments). The specific surface area σ (m2/g) gives the particle diameter d (nm) as dBET = 6000/(σ∙ρ), when we assume spherical and monodisperse particles with bulk density ρ (g/cm3

Towards multiple readout application of plasmonic arrays

• Dana Cialla,
• Karina Weber,
• René Böhme,
• Uwe Hübner,
• Henrik Schneidewind,
• Matthias Zeisberger,
• Roland Mattheis,
• Robert Möller and
• Jürgen Popp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 501–508, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.54

• process, such as in nanosphere lithography (NSL) [15][16], film over nanospheres (FON) [17][18], and sculpted SERS substrates [19]. Here, the arrays are tunable by varying the size of the monodisperse polystyrene or silicon dioxide beads. Unfortunately, frequently occurring constructional defects within

Platinum nanoparticles from size adjusted functional colloidal particles generated by a seeded emulsion polymerization process

• Nicolas Vogel,
• Ulrich Ziener,
• Achim Manzke,
• Alfred Plettl,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Clemens K. Weiss and
• Katharina Landfester

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 459–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.50

• initiator to monomer and the choice of surfactant and composition of the continuous phase. Critical parameters affecting the control of the reaction are determined. If carefully controlled, the seeded emulsion polymerization with functional seed particles yields monodisperse particles with adjustable size

• ]. Results and Discussion 1 Adjustment of colloidal size by a seeded emulsion polymerization process In order to combine the advantages of both miniemulsion- and emulsion polymerization to create monodisperse functional colloidal particles with precisely adjustable sizes, a seeded emulsion polymerization

Kinetic lattice Monte-Carlo simulations on the ordering kinetics of free and supported FePt L1₀-nanoparticles

• Michael Müller and
• Karsten Albe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 40–46, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.5

• experimentally that ordered arrays of particles with monodisperse size distribution can be prepared by various synthesis routes ([3] and references therein). The as-prepared particles, however, are in most cases partially disordered and can also contain twin planes [4]. In the past, major attention has been paid

Magnetic interactions between nanoparticles

• Steen Mørup,
• Mikkel Fougt Hansen and
• Cathrine Frandsen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 182–190, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.22

• ]. Moreover, below T0 the memory and rejuvenation phenomena that are characteristic for spin-glass behavior have been observed [20]. The studies of ‘super spin-glass’ behavior have recently been reviewed [21][22]. As an example, Figure 1 shows the relaxation time of suspensions of nearly monodisperse 4.7 nm

• nearly monodisperse particles suspended in decalin as a function of temperature. The data were obtained from AC susceptibility measurements. The open circles are data from a dilute sample, whereas the full circles are data for a concentrated sample. The insets show a transmission electron microscopy (TEM

Magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical NMR-based diagnostics

• Huilin Shao,
• Tae-Jong Yoon,
• Monty Liong,
• Ralph Weissleder and
• Hakho Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 142–154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.17

• found to be highly monodisperse and superparamagnetic at 300 K (Figure 2a). The MNPs were subsequently rendered water-soluble using the small molecule, meso-2,3-dimercaptosuccinic acid (DMSA). DMSA has a terminal carboxylic acid group at one end which interacts directly with the magnetic core, and a

Ultrafine metallic Fe nanoparticles: synthesis, structure and magnetism

• Olivier Margeat,
• Marc Respaud,
• Catherine Amiens,
• Pierre Lecante and
• Bruno Chaudret

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 108–118, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.13

• , monodisperse, with a diameter below 2 nm, which corresponds to a number of around 200 atoms. The X-ray absorption near-edge structure and Mössbauer spectrum are characteristic of metallic Fe. The structural studies by wide angle X-ray scattering indicate an original polytetrahedral atomic arrangement similar

Magnetic coupling mechanisms in particle/thin film composite systems

• Giovanni A. Badini Confalonieri,
• Philipp Szary,
• Durgamadhab Mishra,
• Maria J. Benitez,
• Mathias Feyen,
• An Hui Lu,
• Leonardo Agudo,
• Gunther Eggeler,
• Oleg Petracic and
• Hartmut Zabel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 101–107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.12

• (AFM) images in Figure 1a and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images in Figure 1b. The monodisperse nature of the particles and their ordering can be observed in these images. Furthermore, in both images common faults can be seen which are encountered in NP monolayer samples prepared by spin-coating

Review and outlook: from single nanoparticles to self-assembled monolayers and granular GMR sensors

• Alexander Weddemann,
• Inga Ennen,
• Anna Regtmeier,
• Camelia Albon,
• Annalena Wolff,
• Katrin Eckstädt,
• Nadine Mill,
• Michael K.-H. Peter,
• Jochen Mattay,
• Carolin Plattner,
• Norbert Sewald and
• Andreas Hütten

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 75–93, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.10

• This paper highlights recent advances in synthesis, self-assembly and sensing applications of monodisperse magnetic Co and Co-alloyed nanoparticles. A brief introduction to solution phase synthesis techniques as well as the magnetic properties and aspects of the self-assembly process of nanoparticles

Flash laser annealing for controlling size and shape of magnetic alloy nanoparticles

• Damien Alloyeau,
• Christian Ricolleau,
• Cyril Langlois,
• Yann Le Bouar and
• Annick Loiseau

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 55–59, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.7

• applications depend on the ability to synthesize NPs with a very good control over the size distribution and the chemical composition. Up to now, only chemical synthesis is able to produce monodisperse CoPt [6] and FePt [7][8] NPs with a polydispersity (that is, standard deviation divided by the mean size) as

• small as 10%. However, chemically prepared monodisperse bimetallic NPs are limited to sub-10 nm diameter, and postsynthesis thermal treatments used to increase NPs size, inevitably widen size dispersion. Vapour phase homogenous nucleation allows the fabrication of sub-10 nm and sup-10 nm particles, but

• effects are obtained with CoPt thin films near the percolation threshold, indicating that the morphological transformations does not depend on the as-grown film morphology. If flash laser annealing experiments always result in spherical and monodisperse NPs, the nominal thickness of the as-grown film can

Preparation and characterization of supported magnetic nanoparticles prepared by reverse micelles

• Ulf Wiedwald,
• Luyang Han,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Ute Kaiser and
• Paul Ziemann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 24–47, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.5

• atoms from a specific target which then agglomerate into clusters in a continuous gas flow before landing on a support [16][17]. This method has the advantage of full processing under vacuum conditions and, moreover, monodisperse NPs can be prepared by size selection during flight [18][19]. One general