Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy

• Maxime Demazeau,
• Laure Gibot,
• Anne-Françoise Mingotaud,
• Patricia Vicendo,
• Clément Roux and
• Barbara Lonetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15

• in order to induce a change in the nanostructure as a consequence of a change of pH value. Piperidine groups for example possess a pKa value close to the acidity of tumor tissues and exhibit a transition from hydrophobic at pH 7.4 to hydrophilic at pH 6.8. As a consequence, micelles increase their

Fabrication of Ag-modified hollow titania spheres via controlled silver diffusion in Ag–TiO₂ core–shell nanostructures

• Bartosz Bartosewicz,
• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Marta Michalska-Domańska,
• Krzysztof Kopczyński and
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 141–146, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.12

• dedicated to fabrication and application of plasmonic NP-modified TiO2 HSs have been published, including those mentioned above. In most cases the methodologies used are either complex or allow only for a limited control of the nanostructure morphologies and the resulting properties. In addition, we are not

• to several changes occurring in the nanostructure morphology. Any interactions affecting the optical properties of these CSNs occurred only between a single silver core and the titania shell. Based on the proposed mechanism, the annealing gradually led to a transformation of the single and relatively

Synthesis and acetone sensing properties of ZnFe₂O₄/rGO gas sensors

• Kaidi Wu,
• Yifan Luo,
• Ying Li and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2516–2526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.242

• morphology [16]. Some researchers also found that Ag-activated hollow spheres of ZnFe2O4 exhibited an excellent acetone gas-sensing performance at 175 °C [17]. Moreover, ZnFe2O4/ZnO composites showed an excellent response and recovery performance, which was attributed to their nanostructure and synergistic

• ][25][26][27][28]. An optimum ratio of the composition and the fine nanostructure will contribute to obtaining better gas-sensing properties. A gas sensor with 3 wt % reduced graphene oxide (rGO) incorporated into In2O3 showed a rapid response, an improved stability and a low limit of detection of NO2

• atmosphere. The nanostructure, the micromorphology and the acetone sensing performance of all samples were discussed. Moreover, the optimized rGO mixing ratio and the operating temperature have been determined as 0.5 wt % and 200 °C, respectively. Experimental Materials Aqueous dispersion solution of single

Label-free highly sensitive probe detection with novel hierarchical SERS substrates fabricated by nanoindentation and chemical reaction methods

• Jingran Zhang,
• Tianqi Jia,
• Yongda Yan,
• Li Wang,
• Peng Miao,
• Yimin Han,
• Xinming Zhang,
• Guangfeng Shi,
• Yanquan Geng,
• Zhankun Weng,
• Daniel Laipple and
• Zuobin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2483–2496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.239

• thickness. However, nanoparticles fabricated by the chemical synthesis method have poor reproducibility and uneven density, and the hot spot position is difficult to accurately determine. Recently, many nanostructure shapes have been fabricated for use as SERS substrates including nanorods [14][15][16

Small protein sequences can induce cellular uptake of complex nanohybrids

• Jan-Philip Merkl,
• Malak Safi,
• Christian Schmidtke,
• Fadi Aldeek,
• Johannes Ostermann,
• Tatiana Domitrovic,
• Sebastian Gärtner,
• John E. Johnson,
• Horst Weller and
• Hedi Mattoussi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2477–2482, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.238

• have also been discussed [12][14][15]. More recently, there have been a few reports discussing the use of luminescent Eu-loaded hydroxyapatite nanocrystals for rapid HeLa cancer cell imaging [9][11][16], or the nanostructure self‐assembly driven by amino acid coordination to increase the biological

Multiple Fano resonances with flexible tunablity based on symmetry-breaking resonators

• Xiao bin Ren,
• Kun Ren,
• Ying Zhang,
• Cheng guo Ming and
• Qun Han

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2459–2467, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.236

• 300072, China 10.3762/bjnano.10.236 Abstract A symmetry-breaking nanostructure is proposed to achieve multiple Fano resonances. The nanostructure consists of an asymmetric ring resonator coupled to a plasmonic waveguide. The broken symmetry is introduced by deviating the centers of regular ring. New

Design and facile synthesis of defect-rich C-MoS₂/rGO nanosheets for enhanced lithium–sulfur battery performance

• Chengxiang Tian,
• Juwei Wu,
• Zheng Ma,
• Bo Li,
• Pengcheng Li,
• Xiaotao Zu and
• Xia Xiang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2251–2260, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.217

• ) method is given in Figure 5b. This difference can be ascribed to the nanostructure of smaller MoS2 nanosheets and the influence of amorphous carbon and rGO. The obtained high specific surface area of the C-MoS2/rGO-6 composite is mainly attributed to the following two aspects: a large amount of amorphous

Ultrathin Ni_1−xCo_xS₂ nanoflakes as high energy density electrode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors

• Xiaoxiang Wang,
• Teng Wang,
• Rusen Zhou,
• Lijuan Fan,
• Shengli Zhang,
• Feng Yu,
• Tuquabo Tesfamichael,
• Liwei Su and
• Hongxia Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2207–2216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.213

• structures with rich channels for diffusion of electrolyte ions and large surface area accessible for electrolyte ions favour the electrochemical performance of electrode materials. The morphology of the material was first investigated by SEM. From the SEM images in Figure 1, a flower-like nanostructure that

• the material can shorten the ion diffusion path lengths, overcoming the kinetics barrier of the faradaic redox reaction for most of the energy storage materials. The hierarchical nanostructure can provide abundant surface active sites for electrochemical reactions during the charge/discharge process

• method can also maintain the 3D hierarchical porous nanostructure of precursor materials. The as-prepared sulfide material exhibited improved electrochemical performance with a specific capacitance of 1066.8 F·g−1 (533.4 C·g−1) at 0.5 A·g−1 and a 63.4% capacitance retention at 20 A·g−1 and excellent

Nonlinear absorption and scattering of a single plasmonic nanostructure characterized by x-scan technique

• Tushar C. Jagadale,
• Dhanya S. Murali and
• Shi-Wei Chu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2182–2191, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.211

• simultaneous quantification for the nonlinear behavior of scattering, absorption and total attenuation by a single nanostructure. At low excitation intensities, both scattering and absorption responses are linear, thus confirming the linearity of the detection system. At high excitation intensities, we found

• nonlinearity of a single nanostructure, but also reports surprisingly large plasmonic nonlinearities. Keywords: absorption cross section; laser scanning microscopy; nanoplasmonics; nonlinear absorption; nonlinear scattering; single gold nanostructures; Introduction It is well known that the optical

• plasmonic nanostructures [4][5][6]. The potential applications of nonlinear nanoplasmonics include nanolasers [7], nanoantennas [8], surface plasmon polariton (SPP)-based waveguides [9], nanostructure-based optical limiters [10], nanoscopy instruments [11][12], and nanoelectronics as integrated optical

Review of advanced sensor devices employing nanoarchitectonics concepts

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Tatsuyuki Makita,
• Masato Ito,
• Taizo Mori,
• Shun Watanabe and
• Jun Takeya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2014–2030, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.198

• nanoarchitectured motifs, such as nanoporous structures, ultrathin films, and unusual interfacial effects, for improved sensor performance is discussed. Most of the examples illustrate the crucial role of the nanostructure in sensor design. Although fine structural control used to be an important task in device

Pulsed laser synthesis of highly active Ag–Rh and Ag–Pt antenna–reactor-type plasmonic catalysts

• Kenneth A. Kane and
• Massimo F. Bertino

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1958–1963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.192

• [1]. Plasmonic coupling results in an increase in the magnitude of the LSPR-induced electric fields. The selective adsorption of NP groupings to the Ag nanostructure concavities may be a result of LSPR-induced electric fields, which are largest in these highly angular regions. The mixed Ag–Pt colloid

• suspensions generated via pulsed laser ablation. Rh nanoparticle groupings were observed to only adsorb to Ag nanostructure concavities. Similar Ag–Pt heterostructures formed in the mixtures of colloidal Ag and Pt suspensions. UV–vis absorption spectra of the monometallic Ag, Pt, Rh, and the colloidal Ag–Rh

Fabrication and characterization of Si_1−xGe_x nanocrystals in as-grown and annealed structures: a comparative study

• Muhammad Taha Sultan,
• Adrian Valentin Maraloiu,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Jón Tómas Gudmundsson,
• Andrei Manolescu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Magdalena Lidia Ciurea and
• Halldór Gudfinnur Svavarsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1873–1882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.182

• magnetron sputtering and thermal annealing. A TEM analysis discussed below will elaborate on the observed nanostructure. Figure 3 shows the X-ray reflectometry (XRR) plot for as-deposited and annealed MLs. An increase in the mass density of SiGe (3.55 to 4.17 g/cm3) with increased annealing temperature was

Chiral nanostructures self-assembled from nitrocinnamic amide amphiphiles: substituent and solvent effects

• Hejin Jiang,
• Huahua Fan,
• Yuqian Jiang,
• Li Zhang and
• Minghua Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1608–1617, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.156

• aggregated into microspherical structures (Figure 7b), which was likely due to the nanostructure of the ethanol assembly. However, both DMF organogels and THF organogels consist of right-handed helical nanostructures (Figure 7c and 7d). We speculated that the opposite chirality in DMF and THF assemblies to

• molecular chirality of the three NCLG molecules was derived from the same source, i.e., ʟ-glutamic acid. At the same time, the variation in the substituted position also led to different gelation abilities. Additionally, it was demonstrated that the chirality of a nanostructure can also be regulated by

Kelvin probe force microscopy work function characterization of transition metal oxide crystals under ongoing reduction and oxidation

• Dominik Wrana,
• Karol Cieślik,
• Wojciech Belza,
• Christian Rodenbücher,
• Krzysztof Szot and
• Franciszek Krok

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.155

• understanding of the operation of nanostructure electrochemical sensors [48]. Thus, we have focused on the systematic approach of the influence of ambient air on the work function of TiO and SrTiO3(100). Figure 6a shows the topography and work function of representative TiO nanowire networks before and after

Graphynes: an alternative lightweight solution for shock protection

• Kang Xia,
• Haifei Zhan,
• Aimin Ji,
• Jianli Shao,
• Yuantong Gu and
• Zhiyong Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1588–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.154

• efforts make the realization of entire monocrystalline GYs possible in foreseeable future. As an atomically thin 2D carbon nanostructure, its application in various fields is currently explored. For instance, the relatively large pore sizes in GY allows for a usage in desalination and water purification

Highly ordered mesoporous silica film nanocomposites containing gold nanoparticles for the catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol

• Mohamad Azani Jalani,
• Leny Yuliati,
• Siew Ling Lee and
• Hendrik O. Lintang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1368–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.135

• of mesoporous silica as a framework for growing AuNPs in the silicate nanochannels with higher ordered nanostructure. In particular, the amount of AuNPs in our AuNP–film catalyst was only 0.04 mg, indicating that it is a good catalyst even with such a small amount and with a simple method for the

Janus-micromotor-based on–off luminescence sensor for active TNT detection

• Ye Yuan,
• Changyong Gao,
• Daolin Wang,
• Chang Zhou,
• Baohua Zhu and
• Qiang He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1324–1331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.131

• previously published procedure with several modifications [42]. After treatment with poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), the surface of the UCNPs were functionalized with 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) to introduce the amine group. The nanostructure and morphology of the synthesized UCNPs were investigated by

Synthesis and characterization of quaternary La(Sr)S–TaS₂ misfit-layered nanotubes

• Marco Serra,
• Erumpukuthickal Ashokkumar Anumol,
• Dalit Stolovas,
• Iddo Pinkas,
• Ernesto Joselevich,
• Reshef Tenne,
• Andrey Enyashin and
• Francis Leonard Deepak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1112–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.111

• ]. Typically, these nanostructures are synthesized by means of high-temperature reactions that allow the formation of different metal sulfide nanotubes [4][5]. Another type of hollow nanostructure, inorganic fullerene-like structures (IFs), is the result of bending of a 2D layer of WS2 or any other 2D material

• along two directions, resulting in a closed-cage quasi-spherical nanostructure [6]. Once available in large quantities [7][8], different electrical devices based on single WS2 and MoS2 nanotubes could be realized, including high-performance field effect transistors (FETs) [9][10] and electromechanical

Revisiting semicontinuous silver films as surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy substrates

• Malwina Liszewska,
• Bogusław Budner,
• Małgorzata Norek,
• Bartłomiej J. Jankiewicz and
• Piotr Nyga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1048–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.105

• dielectric constant of the metal, surrounding dielectric, shape and size of the nanostructure, and its orientation with respect to the electric component of the electromagnetic field [1][2]. At resonance, the electric field near the surface of metallic nanostructures can be greatly enhanced and localized in

Correlation of surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) with the surface density of gold nanoparticles: evaluation of the critical number of SERS tags for a detectable signal

• Vincenzo Amendola

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1016–1023, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.102

• phenomena, the local electric field enhancement due to the surface plasmon resonance of the metal nanostructure (electromagnetic enhancement) and the charge transfer between the molecule and the metal substrate (chemical enhancement) [6][7][8]. In addition, given the generally low Raman scattering cross

• allows the generation of Raman scattering signals as intense as that of fluorescent compounds and, in fact, can be exploited for Raman labelling [13][14][15][16][17]. A SERS tag is typically composed of a plasmonic nanostructure capable of large electromagnetic field enhancement, coated with organic

• local field enhancement in a AuNT with structure reproducing the aggregate in Figure 1B. In particular, the SERS enhancement factor (GSERS) was obtained from the 4th power of the ratio between the local electric field, Eloc, in the proximity to the surface of the metal nanostructure and the incident

In situ AFM visualization of Li–O₂ battery discharge products during redox cycling in an atmospherically controlled sample cell

• Kumar Virwani,
• Younes Ansari,
• Khanh Nguyen,
• Francisco José Alía Moreno-Ortiz,
• Jangwoo Kim,
• Maxwell J. Giammona,
• Ho-Cheol Kim and
• Young-Hye La

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 930–940, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.94

• different discharge capacities. These images reveal that the toroids have a fine nanostructure, as measured previously [39]. The end radius of the AFM tip, estimated to be between 5 nm and 10 nm, limits the image resolution. Motivated by our measurements of increased capacity at ≈2500 ppm water, the water

• contains <20 ppm water, the surface is not fully covered by nanostructure growth. This is reflected in lower recharge voltages for the electrolyte containing <20 ppm of water. Thus, our initial AFM observations support the hypothesis that during cell discharge, the presence of water increases superoxide

• surface. 3D volume analysis of electrochemical deposits formed on the glassy carbon surface in Figure 4. The red inset shows a 3D view of the surface at ≈12% discharge capacity. The nanostructures deposited on the surface exhibit platelet morphology. An even finer nanostructure was observed beyond the

Tungsten disulfide-based nanocomposites for photothermal therapy

• Tzuriel Levin,
• Hagit Sade,
• Rina Ben-Shabbat Binyamini,
• Maayan Pour,
• Iftach Nachman and
• Jean-Paul Lellouche

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 811–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.81

• mediated by nanomaterials is less invasive than laser irradiation alone, requires lower radiation intensity, and its selectivity towards the tumor can be adjusted by carefully engineering the light-responsive nanostructure. In general, nanomaterials in the size range of 100–200 nm should give the maximum

• accumulation effect, but parameters such as nanostructure shape and surface charge are extremely important [33]. A wide range of nanomaterials has been studied for cancer PTT to now, from organic conjugated polymers [34][35], through carbon-based nanomaterials [36][37], to inorganic nanostructures. Within the

Renewable energy conversion using nano- and microstructured materials

• Harry Mönig and
• Martina Schmid

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 771–773, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.76

• however be desired as the example of Co3O4 photocathodes in [7] shows. In general, the nanostructure of any material will strongly affect the corresponding optical and electronic properties by controlling the surface-to-volume ratio and the related morphological characteristics. Besides the concepts for

Features and advantages of flexible silicon nanowires for SERS applications

• Hrvoje Gebavi,
• Vlatko Gašparić,
• Dubravko Risović,
• Nikola Baran,
• Paweł Henryk Albrycht and
• Mile Ivanda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 725–734, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.72

• flexible silicon nanowires (SiNWs) substrates for surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) applications. The novel SERS substrates are described in detail considering three main aspects. First, the key synthesis parameters for the flexible nanostructure SERS substrates were optimized. It is shown that

Biomimetic synthesis of Ag-coated glasswing butterfly arrays as ultra-sensitive SERS substrates for efficient trace detection of pesticides

• Guochao Shi,
• Mingli Wang,
• Yanying Zhu,
• Yuhong Wang,
• Xiaoya Yan,
• Xin Sun,
• Haijun Xu and
• Wanli Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 578–588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.59

• hybrids (Ag-G.b.) by magnetron sputtering technology. The 3D surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate is fabricated from an original chitin-based nanostructure, which serves as a bio-scaffold for Ag nanofilms to be coated on. The novel crisscrossing plate-like nanostructures of 3D Ag-G.b

• 101 to 102 [6]. Therefore, in order to achieve high EF with outstanding sensitivity as well as reproducibility, the best strategy is to design optimal nanostructure that maximizes the LSPR effect. According to previous reports [7][8], the lack of the SERS-active substrates with large-scale and high

• previous reports [29][30]. We adopt a highly efficient route (as shown in Figure 1) using biomimetic synthesis to fabricate 3D Ag nanofilm/glasswing butterfly wing (Ag-G.b.) hybrids as SERS substrates. The wings of the glasswing butterfly (Haetera piera) have an interesting nanostructure that can serve as