Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots

• Vo Chau Ngoc Anh,
• Le Thi Thanh Nhi,
• Le Thi Kim Dung,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Truong Son,
• Nguyen Thi Thao Uyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Thu,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Le Trung Hieu,
• Tran Ngoc Tuyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 475–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.43

• hydrothermal method was reported [7]. The effect of oleylamine concentration on the physicochemical properties of CF synthesized via a solvothermal process has been presented [8]. However, ferrites exhibit self-agglomeration due to their magnetic nature. Combining different functional materials to prepare

Two-step single-reactor synthesis of oleic acid- or undecylenic acid-stabilized magnetic nanoparticles by thermal decomposition

• Mykhailo Nahorniak,
• Pamela Pasetto,
• Jean-Marc Greneche,
• Volodymyr Samaryk,
• Sandy Auguste,
• Anthony Rousseau,
• Nataliya Nosova and
• Serhii Varvarenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 11–22, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.2

• , cubic, octahedral) is another great advantage of this method [17][18]. It has been previously reported that by using oleylamine as a stabilizer, the decomposition of thermally unstable Fe(III) acetylacetonate was observed at temperatures above 150 °C, followed by the formation of 10–16 nm FeO/Fe3O4

Near-infrared photoactive Ag-Zn-Ga-S-Se quantum dots for high-performance quantum dot-sensitized solar cells

• Roopakala Kottayi,
• Ilangovan Veerappan and
• Ramadasse Sittaramane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1337–1344, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.110

• (GaCl3), sulfur powder (S), 1-dodecanethiol (DDTh), ʟ-cysteine, copper(II) chloride, polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), titanium isisopropoxide (TIP), glycerol, oleylamine (OAM), titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4), N-methyl-2-pyrrolidine (NMP), chloroform, acetonitrile, ethanol, and methanol were purchased from

Photothermal ablation of murine melanomas by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle clusters

• Xue Wang,
• Lili Xuan and
• Ying Pan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 255–264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.20

• with the oleic acid and oleylamine ligands present on the surface of Fe3O4 nanoparticles through van der Waals forces to facilitate the dispersion of nanoparticles in aqueous solution. Further addition of ethylene glycol weakened the van der Waals interaction, causing decomposition of nanoparticle

• acetylacetonate (Fe(acac)3, 99.9+%), dibenzyl ether (99%), oleic acid (90%), oleylamine (>70%), dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide (DTAB, 99%), tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB, 99%), and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP, molecular weight 58,000) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Decayltrimethylammonium bromide

• , 0.006 mol oleic acid, 0.006 mol oleylamine, and 0.002 mol Fe(acac)3 were added sequentially into that flask to mix under continued stirring for 15 min. Next, the as-prepared mixture was gradually heated up to 200 °C at a rate of 20 °C/min and was kept under stirring for another hour at this temperature

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

Revealing the formation mechanism and band gap tuning of Sb₂S₃ nanoparticles

• Maximilian Joschko,
• Franck Yvan Fotue Wafo,
• Christina Malsi,
• Danilo Kisić,
• Ivana Validžić and
• Christina Graf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1021–1033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.76

• of 180–210 °C to facilitate the synthesis process following the hot-injection method with a sulfur–oleylamine (S-OlAm) precursor. They have found that the temperature influences the crystallinity, shape, and size of the particles [21]. These studies revealed growth processes comprising a primary

•  6b, and Figures S6 and S7 in Supporting Information File 1). The nonstoichiometric Sb/S ratio in the early reaction stage was probably due to the oleylamine used in the synthesis. Several authors have already described that hydrolysis of antimony in fatty amines can lead to the formation of Sb2O3 [33

• conditions used in this work, the Sb precursor was injected directly into the oleylamine at 150 °C without adding sulfur, and the solution turned white immediately. Figure 7 shows the SEM and XRD results of the white product obtained by this reaction. The yielded nanoparticles were 60 ± 15 nm in diameter and

Uniform Fe₃O₄/Gd₂O₃-DHCA nanocubes for dual-mode magnetic resonance imaging

• Miao Qin,
• Yueyou Peng,
• Mengjie Xu,
• Hui Yan,
• Yizhu Cheng,
• Xiumei Zhang,
• Di Huang,
• Weiyi Chen and
• Yanfeng Meng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1000–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.84

• (C2H6O), sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and tetrahydrofuran (C4H8O, THF) were purchased from Tianjin Kaitong Chemical Reagent Co, Ltd. Oleylamine (C18H37N), 1-octadecene (C18H36), sodium oleate (C18H33NaO2), 3,4-dihydroxyhydrocinnamic acid (C9H10O4, DHCA), gadolinium acetate hydrate (Gd(CH3CO2)3·xH2O) and

• g of gadolinium acetate hexahydrate, 4 mL of OA, 6 mL of oleylamine and 10 mL of 1-octadecene were added to a 250 mL three-necked flask. In order to remove volatile impurities, the reaction mixture was heated up to 100 °C for 1 h under nitrogen atmosphere. Then, it was heated up again to 310 °C (4

Ultrasonication-assisted synthesis of CsPbBr₃ and Cs₄PbBr₆ perovskite nanocrystals and their reversible transformation

• Longshi Rao,
• Xinrui Ding,
• Xuewei Du,
• Guanwei Liang,
• Yong Tang,
• Kairui Tang and
• Jin Z. Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 666–676, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.66

• the ultrasound power, radiation time, and the height of the vibrating spear. The optimized CsPbBr3 PNCs show a good stability and high PL QY of up to 85%. In addition, the phase transformation between CsPbBr3 PNCs and Cs4PbBr6 PNCs can be obtained through varying the amount of oleylamine (OAm) and

• PNCs were successfully converted to Cs4PbBr6 PNCs through a “ligand-mediated transformation” method with the addition of oleylamine (OAm) [24]. Udayabhaskararao’s group showed the reversible transformation from CsPbX3 to Cs4PbX6 through the ratio of oleic acid (OA) to OAm in a Brønsted acid–base

• %), oleic acid (OA, 90%), oleylamine (OAm, 70%), and anhydrous toluene (99.8%) were purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co. The chemicals used in the present work were of analytical grade and used without further purifications. Synthesis of CsPbBr3 PNCs and Cs4PbBr6 PNCs CsPbBr3 PNCs: The

Size-selected Fe₃O₄–Au hybrid nanoparticles for improved magnetism-based theranostics

• Maria V. Efremova,
• Yulia A. Nalench,
• Eirini Myrovali,
• Anastasiia S. Garanina,
• Ivan S. Grebennikov,
• Polina K. Gifer,
• Maxim A. Abakumov,
• Marina Spasova,
• Makis Angelakeris,
• Alexander G. Savchenko,
• Michael Farle,
• Natalia L. Klyachko,
• Alexander G. Majouga and
• Ulf Wiedwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2684–2699, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.251

• nanomaterials are demonstrated to exhibit an optimized theranostic response in magnetic resonance imaging and magnetic particle hyperthermia. Experimental Materials Iron pentacarbonyl Fe(CO)5, hydrogen tetrachloroaurate trihydrate (III) HAuCl4∙3H2O, oleic acid, oleylamine, phenyl ether, benzyl ether, 1

• 200 μL oleylamine was added and the temperature was maintained during 3 h. After cooling down to room temperature, the water was evaporated, and the Au NPs were redispersed in hexane (2 mL). The synthesis of MNP-6 and MNP-15 samples was performed as follows: Fe3O4–Au hybrid NPs with in situ

• synthesized Au seeds were obtained by thermal decomposition of Fe(CO)5 and HAuCl4∙3H2O at high temperatures following a modified protocol [98]. In brief, a mixture of 20 mL high-boiling solvent (phenyl ether for sample MNP-6 or 1-octadecene for sample MNP-15), 2.584 g 1,2-hexadecanediol, 2 mL oleylamine and 2

Lead-free hybrid perovskites for photovoltaics

• Oleksandr Stroyuk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2209–2235, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.207

• Sn(II)-based NCs are unstable and prone to oxidation in other high-boiling-point solvents [131][132]. Sn(IV)-based Cs2SnI6 HP was proposed as an alternative light absorber material that forms a variety of morphologies and can be synthesized in the more environmentally friendly oleic acid/oleylamine

Synthesis of rare-earth metal and rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles in ionic liquids and propylene carbonate

• Marvin Siebels,
• Lukas Mai,
• Laura Schmolke,
• Kai Schütte,
• Juri Barthel,
• Junpei Yue,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Bernd M. Smarsly,
• Anjana Devi,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1881–1894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.180

• on the liquid precipitation reaction between soluble rare-earth metal salts and alkaline fluorides. A co-thermolysis of Na(CF3COO) and RE(CF3COO) in oleic acid/oleylamine for the synthesis of NaREF4 (RE = Er(III), Tm(III)) has also been described [8]. One problem of these syntheses is that the

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• etched and cube-shaped nanostructures predominated [73]. Didecyldimethylammonium bromide (DDAB) (Figure 2) in a mixture of Cu(acac)2 with phenyl ether and oleylamine (Figure 2) that normally yields copper nanospheres led to the formation of copper nanorods. Apparently, DDAB stabilized the {111} facets of

• ], CTAB [66][70], or oleylamine [87] are commonly used on metal particles and provide some colloidal stability; thicker polymer shells in good solvents generally lead to greater stability [88][89]. The ligands are anchored on the cores through metal–ligand coordination, hydrophobic adsorption or

• between the cores in deposited layers [96][97]. Silver nanoparticles stabilized by oleylamine ligands were immersed in 99.9% acetic acid in order to partially remove oleylamine, substitute it with acetic acid (Figure 2), and reduce the overall density of the ligand shell on the metal surface. The decrease

PTFE-based microreactor system for the continuous synthesis of full-visible-spectrum emitting cesium lead halide perovskite nanocrystals

• Chengxi Zhang,
• Weiling Luan,
• Yuhang Yin and
• Fuqian Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2521–2529, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.252

• -Aldrich (St. Louis, MO) and used as the precursors. Trioctylphosphine (TOP 90%), oleylamine (OLA 80–90%), 1-octadecene (ODE >90%) and oleic acid (OA, AR) were obtained from Aladdin (Shanghai). All reagents were used as received without any further purification. Preparation of Cs precursor solution 0.2

Characterization of ferrite nanoparticles for preparation of biocomposites

• Urszula Klekotka,
• Magdalena Rogowska,
• Dariusz Satuła and
• Beata Kalska-Szostko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1257–1265, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.127

• , FeCl2·4H2O, NiCl2·6H2O, CoCl2, MnCl2, NH3, acetone, and tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH) was purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. To modify the surface of ferrite nanoparticles, toluene (POCH), oleic acid (POCH) and oleylamine (Sigma-Aldrich) were used. For the functionalization of nanoparticles by

• nanoparticles in powder form were introduced into the mixture of oleic acid, oleylamine, toluene and water in the molar ratio 36:36:18:10. The nanoparticles were mixed and sonicated and then left for four days. As a result, the surface characteristics of the nanoparticles change from aqueous to organic. At the

ZnO nanoparticles sensitized by CuInZn_xS_2+x quantum dots as highly efficient solar light driven photocatalysts

• Florian Donat,
• Serge Corbel,
• Halima Alem,
• Steve Pontvianne,
• Lavinia Balan,
• Ghouti Medjahdi and
• Raphaël Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1080–1093, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.110

• acetate (Zn(OAc)2, 99.99%, Sigma), copper iodide (CuI, 99.999%, Sigma), dodecanethiol (DDT, >98%, Sigma), oleylamine (OA, 70%, Sigma), 1-octadecene (ODE, 90%, Sigma), zinc oxide (ZnO, 99%, Alfa Aesar), disodium terephthalate (DST, 99+%, Alfa), nitrotetrazolium blue chloride (NBT, >98%, Sigma), leuco

Antitumor magnetic hyperthermia induced by RGD-functionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, in an experimental model of colorectal liver metastases

• Oihane K. Arriortua,
• Eneko Garaio,
• Borja Herrero de la Parte,
• Maite Insausti,
• Luis Lezama,
• Fernando Plazaola,
• Jose Angel García,
• Jesús M. Aizpurua,
• Maialen Sagartzazu,
• Mireia Irazola,
• Nestor Etxebarria,
• Ignacio García-Alonso,
• Alberto Saiz-López and
• José Javier Echevarria-Uraga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1532–1542, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.147

• an improvement in the selectivity of the reaction [31]. In this paper, a successive addition synthesis by a thermal decomposition method has been employed to obtain oleic acid and oleylamine-capped magnetite nanoparticles with defined sizes [32][33][34]. Nevertheless, these high quality, organic

• successive additions of iron pentacarbonyl and posterior decomposition in benzyl ether [44][51]. A mixture of Fe(CO)5 (3 mmol), 1,2-hexadecanediol (5 mmol), oleic acid (4 mmol), oleylamine (6 mmol) and benzyl ether (25 mL) were added to a three-neck flask. Then, the reaction mixture was heated under

• acid (5, 8 and 9 mmol) and oleylamine (6, 6 and 6 mmol) to the flask, respectively [52][53]. Subsequently, the solutions were cooled to room temperature, cleaned by magnetic decantation and resuspended in toluene to obtain a colloidal dispersion of NPs named Fe3O4@OA. Synthesis of Fe3O4@PMAO_RGD NPs

Surfactant-controlled composition and crystal structure of manganese(II) sulfide nanocrystals prepared by solvothermal synthesis

• Elena Capetti,
• Anna M. Ferretti,
• Vladimiro Dal Santo and
• Alessandro Ponti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2319–2329, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.238

• stemming from a β-MnS core, whereas 30 nm α-MnS cubes were obtained at 180 °C [19]. A more detailed investigation gave similar results for the reaction of manganese(II) chloride and thioacetamide in oleylamine, confirming the key role of temperature [26]. These authors also described the β→α and γ→α phase

• oleylamine (100:1 with respect to Mn) [27]. Polymorphism control could also be achieved by chemical means. By reacting manganese(II) chloride and thiourea in an autoclave (T = 190 °C) for 12 h, 30 nm α-MnS NCs were prepared using water as a solvent, whereas when the solvent was benzene, γ-MnS rods (d = 40

• %), oleic acid (90%), stearic acid (99%), oleylamine (technical grade, 70%), dodecylamine (98%), hexadecylamine (90%), octadecylamine (≥99%), dodecanthiol (98%), oleylalcohol (≥85%), tryoctylphosphine (97%), and octadecene (purum, ≥95.0%) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Stearic acid (99%) was purchased

Silica-coated upconversion lanthanide nanoparticles: The effect of crystal design on morphology, structure and optical properties

• Uliana Kostiv,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Hana Macková,
• Alexander Zhigunov,
• Hana Engstová,
• Katarína Smolková,
• Petr Ježek and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2290–2299, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.235

• the Czech Republic, Vídeňská 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic 10.3762/bjnano.6.235 Abstract NaYF4:Yb3+/Er3+ nanoparticles were synthesized by thermal decomposition of lanthanide trifluoroacetates using oleylamine (OM) as both solvent and surface binding ligand. The effect of reaction temperature

• enable further functionalization and increase biocompatibility and stability in aqueous media, preventing particle aggregation. Keywords: lanthanide; nanoparticles; oleylamine; silica; upconversion; Introduction Due to their unique physicochemical properties, nanometer-scale materials are finding

• solvents) [20]. The surfactants, e.g., oleylamine (OM) and oleic acid, typically consist of polar capping groups and long hydrocarbon chains. Other synthetic methods include the hydro(solvo)thermal technique, which involves mixing lanthanide and fluoride salts (e.g., NH4F) in a high-boiling point solvent

Thermal treatment of magnetite nanoparticles

• Beata Kalska-Szostko,
• Urszula Wykowska,
• Dariusz Satula and
• Per Nordblad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1385–1396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.143

• Aldrich and Fluka: Fe(acac)3, 1,2-hexadecanediol, phenyl ether, FeCl3·6H2O, FeCl2·4H2O, AgNO3, NH3 solution and oleic acid; tetrabutylammonium hydroxide (TBAOH), 1-octadecanol and oleylamine, respectively. The cleaning and rough size separation of the nanoparticles were performed by the magnetic field

• mmol), phenyl ether (20 mL) and oleylamine (2.5 mmol). The solution was mixed for 15 min at RT, then for 2 h at 30 °C, and at the end for 30 min at 140 °C [26][27]. When the solution was cooled down, the nanoparticles were separated from the solution with a permanent magnet, washed in deoxygenated

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro effects of 7 nm alloyed silver–gold nanoparticles

• Simon Ristig,
• Svitlana Chernousova,
• Wolfgang Meyer-Zaika and
• Matthias Epple

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1212–1220, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.124

• ablation was reported [25][26][27]. Alloying of presynthesized silver core/gold shell nanoparticles by refluxing with oleylamine [28] or ultrasonication of separate gold and silver nanoparticles [29] was also described. Here, an aqueous co-reduction of silver nitrate and tetrachloroauric acid with a

The effect of surface charge on nonspecific uptake and cytotoxicity of CdSe/ZnS core/shell quantum dots

• Vladimir V. Breus,
• Anna Pietuch,
• Marco Tarantola,
• Thomas Basché and
• Andreas Janshoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 281–292, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.26

• core synthesis The synthesis of the CdSe core of the quantum dots and the ZnS shell followed a modified prescription from Mahler et al. [47] The Se injection solution was prepared by heating 64 mg of Se, 4 mL of trioctylphosphine, 1.5 mL of oleylamine and 1 g of tetradecylphosphonic acid under argon

• with ZnS A 0.1 M Zn stock solution was prepared by dissolving 632.3 mg of zinc stearate in 2 mL of oleic acid and 7.5 mL of oleylamine, while a 0.1 M S stock solution was obtained by mixing 32 mg of elemental sulfur in 10 mL of 1-octadecene. Both solutions were prepared at 200 °C under argon flow. In a

• three-neck flask, the CdSe cores (typically 2 × 1017 nanoparticles), 2 mL of oleylamine and 10 mL of 1-octadecene were degassed under vacuum at 70 °C for 30 minutes. Then the flask was filled with argon, and the amount of S stock solution corresponding to a single monolayer was added to the reaction

Inorganic Janus particles for biomedical applications

• Isabel Schick,
• Steffen Lorenz,
• Dominik Gehrig,
• Stefan Tenzer,
• Wiebke Storck,
• Karl Fischer,
• Dennis Strand,
• Frédéric Laquai and
• Wolfgang Tremel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2346–2362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.244

• the control over the size was much more precise performing a synthesis of hydrophobic gold nanoparticles using tert-butylamine borane complex as reducing agent [74]. The size of the oleylamine-capped particles is varied between 2 and 8 nm by changing the reaction temperature or in a subsequent growth

• reaction to create larger nanoparticles by addition of HAuCl4 and oleylamine to preformed gold particles (Figure 8). As discussed earlier, the heterogeneous nucleation can be promoted by suppression of homogeneous nucleation, which is concentration dependent and, additionally, can be controlled by the

Controlling the optical and structural properties of ZnS–AgInS₂ nanocrystals by using a photo-induced process

• Takashi Yatsui,
• Fumihiro Morigaki and
• Tadashi Kawazoe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1767–1773, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.187

• at 180 °C for 30 min in a N2 atmosphere, yielding a brown powder. Step (2): Oleylamine was added to the brown powder obtained in step (1), followed by further annealing at 180 °C for a time t (defined as the growth time for this process) in a N2 atmosphere to grow ZAIS nanocrystals. During the

Optimizing the synthesis of CdS/ZnS core/shell semiconductor nanocrystals for bioimaging applications

• Li-wei Liu,
• Si-yi Hu,
• Ying Pan,
• Jia-qi Zhang,
• Yue-shu Feng and
• Xi-he Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 919–926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.105

• , 90%), oleylamine (OAm, >50.0%), Pluronic F127 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich. Ethanol (99.8%) and chloroform (99.0+%) were purchased from Acros Organics. All chemical materials were used as received without further purification. HPLC grade water was used in all the experiments. Preparation of Zn

Optical and structural characterization of oleic acid-stabilized CdTe nanocrystals for solution thin film processing

• Claudio Davet Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Mauricio Ortega-López,
• Manuel A. Pérez-Guzmán,
• A. Mauricio Espinoza-Rivas,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Rebeca Ortega-Amaya,
• L. Gerardo Silva-Vidaurri,
• Virginia C. Castro-Peña and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 881–886, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.100

• dispersion chemistry and on the required thin film optoelectronic properties, post-deposition complex processes are needed. Guo et al. [23] deposited CuInSe2 (CIS) thin films for solar cells starting from oleylamine-stabilized CIS nanocrystals. An additional annealing at 500 °C was needed to obtain suitable