DNA aptamer selection and construction of an aptasensor based on graphene FETs for Zika virus NS1 protein detection

• Nathalie B. F. Almeida,
• Thiago A. S. L. Sousa,
• Viviane C. F. Santos,
• Camila M. S. Lacerda,
• Thais G. Silva,
• Rafaella F. Q. Grenfell,
• Flavio Plentz and
• Antero S. R. Andrade

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 873–881, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.78

• solution dispersed in 1 mM PBS (phosphate-buffered saline: 0.0001 M phosphate buffer, 0.000027 M potassium chloride, and 0.00137 M sodium chloride), pH 7.4. After incubation, the graphene devices were rinsed with 1 mM PBS, followed by sequential rinsing with deionized water and drying in a nitrogen flow

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• nonenzymatic approach through electrochemical nanosensing which can also be used in other biosensing applications. Experimental Chemicals The chemicals used in this work are summarized in Supporting Information File 1, Table S1. Sodium dihydrogen phosphate was used to prepare phosphate buffer saline (pH 4.6

• sequential additions of PT into phosphate buffer (pH 7). A sharp increase in the reduction peak current was observed for each addition after dipping the electrode into a particular solution for 240 s at an applied potential of −0.1 V (i.e., deposition potential). The peak was shifted to a negative potential

Detection and imaging of Hg(II) in vivo using glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles

• Gufeng Li,
• Shaoqing Li,
• Rui Wang,
• Min Yang,
• Lizhu Zhang,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Wenrong Yang and
• Hongbin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 549–559, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.46

• cancer cells. In another work, Basu et al. designed a novel sensing system using DNA-functionalized GNPs. GNPs have a strong binding affinity to phosphate and sugar groups in DNA [20]. The combined GNPs-DNA has unique physicochemical properties and was used to detect Mg2+. Furthermore, Liu et al

Ciprofloxacin-loaded dissolving polymeric microneedles as a potential therapeutic for the treatment of S. aureus skin infections

• Sharif Abdelghany,
• Walhan Alshaer,
• Yazan Al Thaher,
• Maram Al Fawares,
• Amal G. Al-Bakri,
• Saja Zuriekat and
• Randa SH. Mansour

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 517–527, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.43

• Ciprofloxacin hydrochloride, PVA, PVP, acetonitrile, phosphoric acid, triethylamine, and phosphate buffer tablets were purchased from Merck, Germany. Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC-29213) was purchased from ATCC, USA. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) molds, including 196 laser-engineered pyramidal holes measuring 200

• × phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, for 15 min. A section of full-thickness human skin was placed, with the stratum corneum facing upward, onto a piece of tissue paper soaked with PBS in a weighing boat. CIP_MN1 were adhered to a piece of plastic tape and manually applied to the skin. To prevent the

Ethosomal (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate as a novel approach to enhance antioxidant, anti-collagenase and anti-elastase effects

• Çiğdem Yücel,
• Gökçe Şeker Karatoprak,
• Sena Yalçıntaş and
• Tuğba Eren Böncü

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 491–502, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.41

• dialysis membrane which was mounted between the donor and receptor compartments. Six different EGCG-loaded ETH suspensions (1 mL) were placed in the donor compartment. The receptor compartment contained 2.5 mL of phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) and was constantly stirred by a magnetic stirrer. The sink condition

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

Coordination-assembled myricetin nanoarchitectonics for sustainably scavenging free radicals

• Xiaoyan Ma,
• Haoning Gong,
• Kenji Ogino,
• Xuehai Yan and
• Ruirui Xing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 284–291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.23

• necessary for cell redox homeostasis and survival [38]. In this work, the ABTS assay was employed to evaluate the radical scavenging activity [39]. The UV–vis absorption intensity of ABTS+ solution (0.7 mM) was 0.7 ± 0.02 in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS). The diluted ABTS+ solution was incubated with GSH

Systematic studies into uniform synthetic protein nanoparticles

• Nahal Habibi,
• Ava Mauser,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 274–283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.22

• metric for the comparison of various SEM distributions. Collection and processing of SPNPs The SPNP collection process followed standardized protocols previously described [25]. Briefly, a 2 mL solution of 0.01% of Tween20 in Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (DPBS) was added to the crosslinked SPNPs

Effects of drug concentration and PLGA addition on the properties of electrospun ampicillin trihydrate-loaded PLA nanofibers

• Tuğba Eren Böncü and
• Nurten Ozdemir

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 245–254, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.19

• -ethyl ethylene phosphate) nanofibers [31]. The tensile strength value of PLA nanofibers was 2.06 mPa and the elongation at break was 11.64%. When the PLGA concentration was 20% (F4), 40% (F5), and 80% (F6), the tensile strength was 2.58, 2.66 and 2.15 mPa, respectively (Table 4). As PLGA was added to

• under nitrogen atmosphere. Encapsulation efficiency of electrospun nanofibers Nanofibers (1 × 1 cm) were weighed and 1 mL of dichloromethane was added to dissolve fiber mats and 1 h later 7 mL of phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4) was added to dissolve the drug released from the nanofibers (n = 3

• . Encapsulation efficiency = (the amount of drug loaded/theoretical drug amount in the nanofiber) × 100. In vitro drug release The static method was used to evaluate the in vitro drug release of the nanofiber mats. Nanofiber mats (2 × 2 cm) were weighed and incubated in 5 mL of phosphate buffer solution (pH 7.4

Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction on a metallic glass

• Haoran Ma and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 236–244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.18

• corrosion conditions. Recently, we investigated nanoscale friction on a Zr63Ni22Ti15 (ZrNiTi) MG in phosphate buffer after electrochemical polarization [21]. Our results demonstrated a new method to investigate in situ the structure of surface oxide films grown upon polarization in aqueous solutions using

• , nanotribological in situ experiments are implemented to reveal microscopic corrosion processes. Results and Discussion Potentiodynamic polarisation tests Phosphate buffer and NaCl solution were selected as test solutions because of their differences in corrosion of ZrNiTi MGs. Figure 1a shows potentiodynamic

• polarization curves of ZrNiTi MGs in NaCl solution and phosphate buffer recorded in an electrochemical AFM cell. In NaCl solution, no passivity is observed during anodic polarization. The current density increases rapidly even at a low applied potential (approx. 0 V). In contrast, the ZrNiTi MG in phosphate

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• of a protective oxide film. These properties makes it a material of choice for implants. Additionally, a thin calcium phosphate coating has been shown to improve the biocompatibility and osteoconductivity of implants [56]. To augment osseointegration and tissue generation, as well as to reduce

• surface chemistry play a significant role in the interaction between proteins and cells and the material surface. It has also been shown that hydroxyapatite and calcium phosphate mimics the chemical composition of natural bone. Thus, with the use of these components in the coating, TiO2 implants have

• phosphate ions than the rutile phase in body fluids, supporting the deposition of apatite. A titania nanotube array (anatase) showed increased cell adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation [67]. Titanium heart valves are also very compatible and compete with regular tissue valves [68]. In addition

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

Bacterial safety study of the production process of hemoglobin-based oxygen carriers

• Axel Steffen,
• Yu Xiong,
• Radostina Georgieva,
• Ulrich Kalus and
• Hans Bäumler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 114–126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.8

• the CCD method after precipitation, as well as after cross-linking, dissolution, and final washing steps are shown in Figure 1. The zeta potential of HbMP in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), pH 7.4, was −8.51 ± 0.9 mV. The zeta potential in PBS, pH 7.0, of E. coli was −16 mV, that of S. epidermidis

Theranostic potential of self-luminescent branched polyethyleneimine-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Rouhollah Khodadust,
• Ozlem Unal and
• Havva Yagci Acar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 82–95, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.6

• content of the particles was determined by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Erbitux conjugation to SPION@bPEI Before any application, Erbitux (Erb) (Merck Serono, UK) with a stock concentration of 5 mg/mL was washed with phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (Biomatik, Canada) using an ultracentrifugation

• between the negative charge (due to the phosphate group of dsRNA/poly I:C) and the positive charge of the nanoparticles (due to primary amine groups of polyethyleneimine). This is due to the fact that the highly positively charged PEI electrostatically condenses high molecular weight DNA or RNA to

Alteration of nanomechanical properties of pancreatic cancer cells through anticancer drug treatment revealed by atomic force microscopy

• Xiaoteng Liang,
• Shuai Liu,
• Xiuchao Wang,
• Dan Xia and
• Qiang Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1372–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.101

• increasing DOX concentrations was shown. This study may be conducive regarding innovations in cancer prevention, diagnosis methods, and the application of drug screening. Materials and Methods Materials Dulbecco’s modified eagle medium (DMEM), RPMI-1640 and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) were obtained from

Biocompatibility and cytotoxicity in vitro of surface-functionalized drug-loaded spinel ferrite nanoparticles

• Sadaf Mushtaq,
• Khuram Shahzad,
• Tariq Saeed,
• Anwar Ul-Hamid,
• Bilal Haider Abbasi,
• Nafees Ahmad,
• Waqas Khalid,
• Muhammad Atif,
• Zulqurnain Ali and
• Rashda Abbasi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1339–1364, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.99

• specificity with significantly higher (p < 0.005) drug release in an acidic environment (pH 5.5). The nanoparticles were highly colloidal (zeta potential = −35 to −26 mV) in deionized water, phosphate buffer saline (PBS), and sodium borate buffer (SBB). They showed elevated and dose-dependent cytotoxicity in

• ) dispersed in deionized water, sodium borate buffer (SBB) pH 9.0, phosphate buffer saline (PBS) pH 7.4, and DMEM were used for zeta potential measurements. The purpose of using buffers (i.e., SBB, PBS) was to get indirect surface charge information. Deionized water was used to check the influence of

pH-driven enhancement of anti-tubercular drug loading on iron oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in macrophages

• Karishma Berta Cotta,
• Sarika Mehra and
• Rajdip Bandyopadhyaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1127–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.84

• neutral (pH 7.4) and acidic (pH 5) conditions. To investigate any alterations in the drug release profile from the NOR@IONPs based on the cellular pH variations, the drug release was monitored over 48 h in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) release media, maintaining the pH at either 5 or 7.4. We observed that

• correcting the volume reduction due to sampling loss. The concentration of NOR released was estimated fluorometrically (Ex/Em: 280/420 nm) (SpectraMax M5, Molecular Devices) using a known NOR concentration versus fluorescence standard, prepared with dilution in phosphate buffer saline (PBS) (same as the

Progress and innovation of nanostructured sulfur cathodes and metal-free anodes for room-temperature Na–S batteries

• Marina Tabuyo-Martínez,
• Bernd Wicklein and
• Pilar Aranda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 995–1020, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.75

• ][83]. The majority of the alloy anodes discussed in this section were tested and employed in sodium-ion batteries with diverse types of oxide and phosphate cathodes. However, they are now also increasingly incorporated in sodium-ion–sulfur batteries. Lee et al. were amongst the first to proof this

Modification of a SERS-active Ag surface to promote adsorption of charged analytes: effect of Cu²⁺ ions

• Bahdan V. Ranishenka,
• Andrei Yu. Panarin,
• Irina A. Chelnokova,
• Sergei N. Terekhov,
• Peter Mojzes and
• Vadim V. Shmanai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 902–912, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.67

• of different modifications, only treatment with copper ions appeared to be successful (Figure 8, numbers 1 and 2). According to an earlier investigation [35], the Cu2+ ions are able to bind effectively both the phosphate groups and the nucleobases in the oligonucleotide molecules to yield charge

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

Fate and transformation of silver nanoparticles in different biological conditions

• Barbara Pem,
• Marija Ćurlin,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Rinea Barbir,
• Vedran Micek,
• Raluca M. Fratila,
• Jesus M. de la Fuente and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 665–679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.53

• synthesis of AgNPs in the presence of GSH was performed by mixing appropriate amounts of AgNO3 and GSH to the final concentrations of 20 and 10 mM, respectively, in 25 mM of phosphate buffer solution (K2HPO4/KH2PO4, 0.401:0.014, w/w [g]). The reaction mixture was left to react for 2 h at room temperature

• the respective HAADF–STEM images. 1H NMR spectra of (a) GSH-coated AgNPs formed during the interaction between AgNO3 and GSH and (b) free GSH. Both spectra are obtained in 25 mM phosphate buffer (pH 6.8). The structure of reduced GSH is shown above panel (a). Biotransformation patterns of AgNPs in

On the stability of microwave-fabricated SERS substrates – chemical and morphological considerations

• Limin Wang,
• Aisha Adebola Womiloju,
• Christiane Höppener,
• Ulrich S. Schubert and
• Stephanie Hoeppener

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 541–551, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.44

• sulfoxide (DMSO) treatment completely preserved or even slightly improved the Raman enhancement capabilities. SERS substrates immersed into phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) solutions were observed to be rather instable in low and neutral pH buffer solutions. Other buffer systems showed less severe influences

• choice of a suitable media is of utmost importance for many biological investigations as it can alter the structure of biomolecules (e.g., proteins) [33]. We tested five commonly used buffer systems which include phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), HEPES-buffered glucose solution (HBG), tris-borate-EDTA

The preparation temperature influences the physicochemical nature and activity of nanoceria

• Robert A. Yokel,
• Wendel Wohlleben,
• Johannes Georg Keller,
• Matthew L. Hancock,
• Jason M. Unrine,
• D. Allan Butterfield and
• Eric A. Grulke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 525–540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.43

• . Nanoceria dissolution releases Ce3+ ions, which, with phosphate, form insoluble cerium phosphate in vivo. The addition of immobilized phosphates did not accelerate nanoceria dissolution, suggesting that the Ce3+ ion release during nanoceria dissolution was phosphate-independent. Smaller particles resulting

• applications), the influence of carboxylic acids and immobilized phosphate on their dissolution, the influence of nanoceria after partial dissolution on a selected biological effect, and the surface reactivity. Based on reports of very limited NM-212 dissolution and physicochemical differences between

• stable complexes with phosphate but phosphate inhibits nanoceria dissolution, it was hypothesized that phosphates not in direct contact with nanoceria would create a sink for released cerium ions and increase the nanoceria dissolution rate. Assuming that NM-212 was calcined to a crystalline form with

The impact of molecular tumor profiling on the design strategies for targeting myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors

• Nikola Geskovski,
• Nadica Matevska-Geshkovska,
• Simona Dimchevska Sazdovska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Kristina Mladenovska and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 375–401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.31

• identified in relapsed CML patients receiving imatinib. However, the most frequent alterations occur in three different regions and seven specific residues, that is, in the docking site for phosphate moieties of ATP named P-loop (M244V, G250E, Y253F/H, and E255K/V), in the contact site related to selective

Doxorubicin-loaded gold nanorods: a multifunctional chemo-photothermal nanoplatform for cancer management

• Uzma Azeem Awan,
• Abida Raza,
• Shaukat Ali,
• Rida Fatima Saeed and
• Nosheen Akhtar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 295–303, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.24

• analyzed by UV–vis spectroscopy. In vitro drug release by NIR exposure NIR-triggered drug release from PSS-GNRs was measured in 10 mM phosphate-buffered saline (PBS, pH 5.6 at 37 °C). A continuous-wave 808 nm NIR laser (Ti-Sapphire, Spectra Physics CA 95054, USA) was used. DOX-PSS-GNRs (40 µg/mL, 2 mL

• collection was performed by a trained phlebotomist in order to minimize the risk to the donor. A written informed consent was obtained from each donor prior to the blood drawn. To the 5 mL of blood 15 mL of sterilized phosphate buffer saline (PBS) was added and, after slow agitation, tubes were centrifuged