Numerical investigation of depth profiling capabilities of helium and neon ions in ion microscopy

• Patrick Philipp,
• Lukasz Rzeznik and
• Tom Wirtz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1749–1760, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.168

• nm polymer films. The same observation is true for the other multi-layered samples under 1 keV He+ irradiation. Changing the composition of the layers does not change the sputtering and mixing mechanisms significantly (Figure 3). For PMMA layers in sample #6, the oxygen concentration profiles get

Graphene-enhanced plasmonic nanohole arrays for environmental sensing in aqueous samples

• Christa Genslein,
• Peter Hausler,
• Eva-Maria Kirchner,
• Rudolf Bierl,
• Antje J. Baeumner and
• Thomas Hirsch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1564–1573, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.150

• detection of even small molecules at low concentrations. Nevertheless, selectivity still needs to be improved. Specific receptors can be attached to the carbon nanomaterial or selective filters based on molecular imprinted polymer films can be applied. The combination of several semi-specific sensors to an

Fabrication of hybrid graphene oxide/polyelectrolyte capsules by means of layer-by-layer assembly on erythrocyte cell templates

• Joseba Irigoyen,
• Nikolaos Politakos,
• Eleftheria Diamanti,
• Elena Rojas,
• Marco Marradi,
• Raquel Ledezma,
• Layza Arizmendi,
• J. Alberto Rodríguez,
• Ronald F. Ziolo and
• Sergio E. Moya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2310–2318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.237

• and optoelectronics by developing hybrid thin polymer films containing graphene oxide or its reduced form rGO. GO data; a) and b) TEM images of graphene oxide on lacey carbon, inset: SAED showing diffraction spots of hexagonal patterns; c) Raman spectrum with 532 nm excitation d) XRD pattern showing

Nanoscale rippling on polymer surfaces induced by AFM manipulation

• Mario D’Acunto,
• Franco Dinelli and
• Pasqualantonio Pingue

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2278–2289, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.234

• materials, namely ionic salts, metals, and semiconductors. However, it is for the case of polymer films that this phenomenon has been widely explored and studied. Due to the possibility of varying and controlling various parameters, this phenomenon has recently gained a great interest for some technological

• formation has been studied most extensively [13][14][15][16][17][18][19]. Ripple structures on polymers can be produced either by performing a single scan or many scans on the same area of the sample. One can employ a heated tip [20][21][22] or a standard tip, on annealed or solvent-rich polymer films [23

• how it can be exploited in order to deduce the molecular properties of polymer films [27]. In this review, we wish to specifically focus on the controlled formation of ‘nanoripples’. This phenomenon is related to plastic deformation, which in general does not lead to the formation of debris. In

Nanostructured superhydrophobic films synthesized by electrodeposition of fluorinated polyindoles

• Gabriela Ramos Chagas,
• Thierry Darmanin and
• Frédéric Guittard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2078–2087, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.212

• method allows for a very quick and easy deposition of conducting polymer films while the formation of surface structures can be controlled by electrochemical parameters [26] and the used monomer [27]. In order to control the formation of surface nanostructures, the core responsible for the polymerization

Template-controlled mineralization: Determining film granularity and structure by surface functionality patterns

• Nina J. Blumenstein,
• Jonathan Berson,
• Stefan Walheim,
• Petia Atanasova,
• Johannes Baier,
• Joachim Bill and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1763–1768, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.180

• the spin-coating chamber (approximately 1 L volume) at a flow rate of approximately 40 standard cubic centimeters per minute (40 sccm). Fabrication of SAM templates After spin coating, the polymer films were treated with acetic acid where PMMA was selectively dissolved. The silicon samples were rinsed

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

• Philipp Adelhelm,
• Pascal Hartmann,
• Conrad L. Bender,
• Martin Busche,
• Christine Eufinger and
• Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

Self-assembled anchor layers/polysaccharide coatings on titanium surfaces: a study of functionalization and stability

• Ognen Pop-Georgievski,
• Dana Kubies,
• Josef Zemek,
• Neda Neykova,
• Roman Demianchuk,
• Eliška Mázl Chánová,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Milan Houska and
• František Rypáček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 617–631, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.63

• anchoring layers of self-assembled bisphosphonate neridronate monolayers and polymer films of 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and biomimetic poly(dopamine). These were further used to bind a bio-functional alginate coating. The success of the titanium surface activation, anchoring layer formation and alginate

Organic and inorganic–organic thin film structures by molecular layer deposition: A review

• Pia Sundberg and
• Maarit Karppinen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1104–1136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.123

• demonstrated that when treated with acid, the backbone of the formed film reacted from the acid-labile groups. When exposed to basic solution, the polymer films were stable. These experiments proved that MLD can be utilized to fabricate photoresist materials. To make the film a photoresist material, a

Fabrication of carbon nanomembranes by helium ion beam lithography

• Xianghui Zhang,
• Henning Vieker,
• André Beyer and
• Armin Gölzhäuser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 188–194, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.20

• formed is still missing. Further modification and patterning of SAMs have been achieved by using ion irradiation (e.g. Ar+, Ga+, Si+, etc.), which leads to the desorption and the fragmentation of molecules [14][15]. High energy helium ions passing through polymer films modify the macroscopic properties

Energy transfer in complexes of water-soluble quantum dots and chlorin e6 molecules in different environments

• Irina V. Martynenko,
• Anna O. Orlova,
• Vladimir G. Maslov,
• Alexander V. Baranov,
• Anatoly V. Fedorov and
• Mikhail Artemyev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 895–902, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.101

• were solubilized with DMAET molecules to provide a positive charge on the QD surface. Complex formation in the track membranes The characteristics of PET track membranes are shown in Table 1. An ion-track technique is utilized for fabrication track pore membranes from thin polymer films [10]. Because

Template based precursor route for the synthesis of CuInSe₂ nanorod arrays for potential solar cell applications

• Mikhail Pashchanka,
• Jonas Bang,
• Niklas S. A. Gora,
• Ildiko Balog,
• Rudolf C. Hoffmann and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 868–874, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.98

• Philips XL-30 FEG electron-scan microscope coupled with an energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) analyser that was operated at 20–25 kV. The samples were mounted on conductive carbon-rich polymer films and sputtered with a Pt/Pd alloy. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images were taken by using a Tecnai G2

Ultramicrosensors based on transition metal hexacyanoferrates for scanning electrochemical microscopy

• Maria A. Komkova,
• Angelika Holzinger,
• Andreas Hartmann,
• Alexei R. Khokhlov,
• Christine Kranz,
• Arkady A. Karyakin and
• Oleg G. Voronin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 649–654, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.72

• . Operational stability of the PB can be improved by covering its surface with polymer films [21][22], by entrapment of the catalysts into sol–gel [23][24][25], and by conductive polymer matrixes [26][27]. In [20] we have demonstrated a novel approach for the stabilization of a sensor based on mixed iron-nickel

Novel composite Zr/PBI-O-PhT membranes for HT-PEFC applications

• Mikhail S. Kondratenko,
• Igor I. Ponomarev,
• Marat O. Gallyamov,
• Dmitry Y. Razorenov,
• Yulia A. Volkova,
• Elena P. Kharitonova and
• Alexei R. Khokhlov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 481–492, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.57

• crosslinking Standard procedure: Polymer films were cast from a 10% polymer solution in NMP on glass plates heated at 60–80 °C. After solvent evaporation (8–12 h), the films were heated in vacuum at 160 °C for 2 h for additional drying, put in hot water to extract any residuals, then placed in 2% H2SO4 for 24

Porous polymer coatings as substrates for the formation of high-fidelity micropatterns by quill-like pens

• Michael Hirtz,
• Marcus Lyon,
• Wenqian Feng,
• Andrea E. Holmes,
• Harald Fuchs and
• Pavel A. Levkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 377–384, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.44

• distinguishes the control sample from a sample incubated with BSA. Conclusion Four different substrates were tested for low-micrometre microarray printing with quill-like microcantilevers. We demonstrated that the porous HEMA polymer films exhibited advantageous properties for creating micropatterns with

• feature sizes below 50 μm. We showed that the narrow pore size distribution as well as the small average pore size is crucial for achieving high pattern fidelity and reproducibility. Additionally, the three-dimensional morphology in nanoporous substrates like the HEMA polymer films presents a higher

• s was used. Substrates: Plain paper (Black Label Zero 80 g/m2, Canon) and nylon membrane (Nytran SuPerCharge (SPC), Whatman) were cut down into pieces of about 1 × 1 cm2 before spotting. The nitrocellulose slides (FAST Slides, Whatman) were used as received. HEMA polymer films were prepared as

High-resolution electrical and chemical characterization of nm-scale organic and inorganic devices

• Pierre Eyben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 318–319, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.35

• convertors based on metal nanoparticles with a dye to shift the wavelengths. Improving the lifetime of organic solar cells requires incorporating optically transparent inorganic barriers in between the polymer films to prevent moisture penetration. Unfortunately, these organic systems represent an even more

Functionalization of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes

• Eloise Van Hooijdonk,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Rony Snyders and
• Jean-François Colomer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 129–152, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.14

• pyrolysis of iron(II) phthalocyanine (FePc) under Ar/H2 atmosphere at 800–1100 °C, which leads to the growth of vertically aligned carbon nanotubes in the plasma-patterned polymer-free regions. The highly cross-linked structure of the plasma-patterned polymer films guarantees the integrity of the polymer

Directed deposition of silicon nanowires using neopentasilane as precursor and gold as catalyst

• Britta Kämpken,
• Verena Wulf,
• Norbert Auner,
• Marcel Winhold,
• Michael Huth,
• Daniel Rhinow and
• Andreas Terfort

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 535–545, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.62

• deposition of polymer films is microcontact printing [47], which is generally considered advantageous since it is an “additive” method. In this particular case the need for dichloromethane or a similar solvent makes this process unsuitable due to the well-known swelling of the stamp material with these

Conducting composite materials from the biopolymer kappa-carrageenan and carbon nanotubes

• Ali Aldalbahi,
• Jin Chu,
• Peter Feng and
• Marc in het Panhuis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 415–427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.48

• usage as a plasticizer to increase the flexibility of polymer films [43]. In this work, it is shown that kappa-carrageenan (KC) is a suitable dispersant for the stabilization of SWNTs and MWNTs in water. The KC concentration and sonication time were optimised to facilitate the efficient dispersion of

Analysis of fluid flow around a beating artificial cilium

• Mojca Vilfan,
• Gašper Kokot,
• Andrej Vilfan,
• Natan Osterman,
• Blaž Kavčič,
• Igor Poberaj and
• Dušan Babič

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 163–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.16

• externally driven artificial cilia resulted in nanorods manufactured from magnetic–polymeric composite materials [4]. The cilia were actuated in a simple periodic motion by a moving permanent magnet. Metal-coated polymer films have been used for the fabrication of electrostatically driven artificial cilia

Formation of precise 2D Au particle arrays via thermally induced dewetting on pre-patterned substrates

• Dong Wang,
• Ran Ji and
• Peter Schaaf

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 318–326, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.37

• interaction with SiO2 substrate, which results in low activation energy for metal atom migration [12]. Dewetting is a well known spontaneous physical phenomenon describing the rupture of a thin liquid film on a substrate and the formation of droplets. Dewetting dynamics of liquid polymer films have been

Single-pass Kelvin force microscopy and dC/dZ measurements in the intermittent contact: applications to polymer materials

• Sergei Magonov and
• John Alexander

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 15–27, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.2

• , and a shiny surface of the alloy sheet was examined by AFM. Polymer films were prepared by the spin-casting of a droplet of a dilute solution of the polymer on the substrates. Thin films of poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) and polymer blends PMMA with polystyrene (PS) and PS with poly(vinyl acetate

• on the polymer films by a sharp wooden stick and we verified that a substrate-specific morphology was present at the bottom of scratches. At the scratched locations one can measure the film thickness and a relative electrical response of the polymer and Si substrate. All prepared samples were glued

Fabrication and spectroscopic studies on highly luminescent CdSe/CdS nanorod polymer composites

• Jana Bomm,
• Andreas Büchtemann,
• Angela Fiore,
• Liberato Manna,
• James H. Nelson,
• Diana Hill and
• Wilfried G. J. H. M. van Sark

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2010, 1, 94–100, doi:10.3762/bjnano.1.11

• amount of cross-linker either flexible (<20 wt % EGDM) or rigid nanocomposites could be fabricated. In our second method we fabricated thin polymer films using a radical free drop-casting process. Cellulose triacetate (CTA) was chosen as polymer because of its high transparency, hydrophobicity and