Application of contact-resonance AFM methods to polymer samples

• Sebastian Friedrich and
• Brunero Cappella

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1714–1727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.154

• theoretical understanding of force–distance curves has been developed over the years, which enables a quantitative analysis of the elastic moduli for many kinds of systems [1][2][3]. The major drawback of force–distance curves is their long acquisition time. A force volume, which consists of a large number of

• method does not offer any advantages. Like measurements through force–distance curves, such a quantitative analysis presupposes the knowledge of the tip radius and, of course, of the spring constant of the cantilever. Yet, a further parameter is needed with CR methods, namely the relative tip position γ

• the calibration sample. These requirements have prompted several alternative theoretical approaches [17][18][19], in some cases based on finite element analysis [13][20][21], as well as modifications of the measurement procedure [22]. In addition to the aforementioned critical points in quantitative

Cardiomyocyte uptake mechanism of a hydroxyapatite nanoparticle mediated gene delivery system

• Hiroaki Komuro,
• Masahiro Yamazoe,
• Kosuke Nozaki,
• Akiko Nagai and
• Tetsuo Sasano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1685–1692, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.150

•  5a, more red spots corresponding to TMR–dextran fluorescence signals were observed in HAp-treated cells in comparison to non-treated cells. Quantitative analysis revealed that the increase in macropinocytosis activity depends on the pretreatment time: The macropinocytosis activity following a 4 h-HAp

Superconductor–insulator transition in capacitively coupled superconducting nanowires

• Alex Latyshev,
• Andrew G. Semenov and
• Andrei D. Zaikin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1402–1408, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.124

• approximation of the nearest neighbor interaction appears to be well justified in the limit Cm ≪ C. For stronger interactions with Cm ≈ C this approximation most likely becomes insufficient for a quantitative analysis. However, on a qualitative level our key observations should hold also in this case: A

Hybridization vs decoupling: influence of an h-BN interlayer on the physical properties of a lander-type molecule on Ni(111)

• Maximilian Schaal,
• Takumi Aihara,
• Marco Gruenewald,
• Felix Otto,
• Jari Domke,
• Roman Forker,
• Hiroyuki Yoshida and
• Torsten Fritz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1168–1177, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.101

• al. [32]. The distinct LEED pattern of the highly ordered DBP layer makes it possible to apply a quantitative analysis by means of a LEED simulation that is numerically fitted to the diffraction pattern. The resulting simulation is shown in Figure 3 as yellow circles overlaid with the LEED image. The

Interfacial charge transfer processes in 2D and 3D semiconducting hybrid perovskites: azobenzene as photoswitchable ligand

• Nicole Fillafer,
• Tobias Seewald,
• Lukas Schmidt-Mende and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 466–479, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.38

• quantitative analysis of the DOI, 1H NMR spectra of the dissolved particles were obtained. In Figure 5C, the 1H NMR spectra of the dissolved particles before (top) and after irradiation at 313 nm (bottom) are shown. Signals at 7.9 and 7.6–7.5 ppm belong to the trans-isomer and are less strong after 600 s of

Mobility of charge carriers in self-assembled monolayers

• Zhihua Fu,
• Tatjana Ladnorg,
• Hartmut Gliemann,
• Alexander Welle,
• Asif Bashir,
• Michael Rohwerder,
• Qiang Zhang,
• Björn Schüpbach,
• Andreas Terfort and
• Christof Wöll

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2449–2458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.235

• should be oriented almost perpendicular to the substrate surface and the phenyl groups are tilted to the substrate surface. The quantitative analysis of near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure (NEXAFS) data (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S4) reveals that the anthracene units within the SAMs

BergaCare SmartLipids: commercial lipophilic active concentrates for improved performance of dermal products

• Florence Olechowski,
• Rainer H. Müller and
• Sung Min Pyo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2152–2162, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.208

• quantitative stability of the carriers is desirable. Especially, quantitative stability is required in case of pharmaceutical formulations. Quantitative analysis of, e.g., liposomes in final products is relatively difficult, but required in some countries from regulatory authorities. The difficulty of such

Ion mobility and material transport on KBr in air as a function of the relative humidity

• Dominik J. Kirpal,
• Korbinian Pürckhauer,
• Alfred J. Weymouth and
• Franz J. Giessibl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2084–2093, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.203

• t = 1050 s = 17.5 min per frame, shown in Figure 8. Each measurement point was assigned to a certain atom layer and represents an area of 1 nm2. For a quantitative analysis of the material movement, the topographic images of this experiment were converted from the continuous height scale into a

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

• to the expected surface dehydroxylation resulting from the high-temperature treatment. The obtained surface basic site density and corresponding intrinsic adsorption capacity are presented in Table 2. Surface characterization of the ETS-10-based titanosilicates by 29Si MAS NMR For quantitative

• analysis of the surface groups present in the titanosilicates before and after treatment, 29Si MAS NMR was used. Figure 13A demonstrates the measured high-power decoupled (HPDEC) spectra of the ETS-10-based samples. The spectrum of the Na,K-ETS-10 exhibits three distinguishable peaks at −95.1 ppm (A2

Engineered superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for dual-modality imaging of intracranial glioblastoma via EGFRvIII targeting

• Xianping Liu,
• Chengjuan Du,
• Haichun Li,
• Ting Jiang,
• Zimiao Luo,
• Zhiqing Pang,
• Daoying Geng and
• Jun Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1860–1872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.181

• qualitative examination of EGFRvIII expression on U87MG and U87MG-EGFRvIII cells was performed where the cells were stained with DAPI (1 µg/mL) for 5 min followed by imaging under the confocal microscope (ZEISS, 710, LSM, Germany). Then a quantitative analysis of the EGFRvIII expression on U87MG and U87MG

• temperature. Then the cells were stained with DAPI (1 µg/mL) for 5 min at room temperature followed by imaging with a confocal microscope (same as mentioned above). For the quantitative analysis of PEPHC1 peptide binding with U87MG and U87MG-EGFRvIII cells, the cells were digested, harvested and

• ) FACS assay (left) and quantitative analysis of EGFRvIII expression in U87MG and U87MG-EGFRvIII cells. (c) Fluorescence images of U87MG and U87MG-EGFRvIII cells after incubation with 5-FAM-labeled PEPHC1 peptide. The nuclei were stained in blue and PEPHC1 in green. (d) FACS assay (left) and quantitative

The impact of crystal size and temperature on the adsorption-induced flexibility of the Zr-based metal–organic framework DUT-98

• Simon Krause,
• Volodymyr Bon,
• Hongchu Du,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski,
• Ulrich Stoeck,
• Irena Senkovska and
• Stefan Kaskel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1737–1744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.169

• were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), illustrating the phase purity of the desired DUT-98op (open pore) phase (Figure 4). A significant peak broadening is observed for samples 3 and 4, which is indicative of the presence of nanometer-sized crystals. Quantitative analysis of the mean crystal

Subsurface imaging of flexible circuits via contact resonance atomic force microscopy

• Wenting Wang,
• Chengfu Ma,
• Yuhang Chen,
• Lei Zheng,
• Huarong Liu and
• Jiaru Chu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1636–1647, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.159

• the buried circuit patterns was exhibited. Our work shows that CR-AFM can be used to detect embedded micrometer- and nanometer-scale circuits and their defects, and quantitative analysis of contact stiffness contrast can be achieved. Methods Sample preparation We fabricated a set of samples having a

• surface traction vanishes at the edge of contact zone. Here, the apparent contact modulus Mapp is defined as the modulus supposing that the tip is infinitely rigid. More detailed calculation procedures can be found in the references [34][36]. A similar, quantitative analysis method has also been employed

Materials nanoarchitectonics at two-dimensional liquid interfaces

• Katsuhiko Ariga,
• Michio Matsumoto,
• Taizo Mori and
• Lok Kumar Shrestha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1559–1587, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.153

• nontrivial fundamental challenges, which are actively studied using the quantitative analysis of self-assembly processes proposed by Hiraoka [76] and the temporal control of supramolecular polymerization by Dhiman and George [77]. Shimizu summarized various parameters regulating the self-assembly of lipid

Alloyed Pt₃M (M = Co, Ni) nanoparticles supported on S- and N-doped carbon nanotubes for the oxygen reduction reaction

• Stéphane Louisia,
• Yohann R. J. Thomas,
• Pierre Lecante,
• Marie Heitzmann,
• M. Rosa Axet,
• Pierre-André Jacques and
• Philippe Serp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1251–1269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.125

• could be leached during the ink preparation and then trapped by the ionomer. Based on the quantitative analysis of the catalyst composition, it can be calculated that for the unwashed Pt3Co/N-CNT, 1.5 µmol of Co2+ is released into the ink, for each square centimeter of prepared MEA. As the cathode

Porous N- and S-doped carbon–carbon composite electrodes by soft-templating for redox flow batteries

• Maike Schnucklake,
• László Eifert,
• Jonathan Schneider,
• Roswitha Zeis and
• Christina Roth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1131–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.113

• in the functional groups on the surface of the fibers increases their hydrophilicity and hence their electrochemical performance [28][29]. We refrained, however, from quantitative analysis due to the inherent restrictions of fitting the rather broad C 1s and O 1s peaks with a multitude of individual

Quantitative analysis of annealing-induced instabilities of photo-leakage current and negative-bias-illumination-stress in a-InGaZnO thin-film transistors

• Dapeng Wang and
• Mamoru Furuta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1125–1130, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.112

Influence of dielectric layer thickness and roughness on topographic effects in magnetic force microscopy

• Alexander Krivcov,
• Jasmin Ehrler,
• Marc Fuhrmann,
• Tanja Junkers and
• Hildegard Möbius

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1056–1064, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.106

• from different forces. Therefore, the quantitative analysis of magnetic properties is still an issue especially because of contributions from electrostatic forces leading to topographic features in the MFM phase images [7][9][10][11][12][13][14]. Yu et al. [9] explained the topographic artifacts by

Serum type and concentration both affect the protein-corona composition of PLGA nanoparticles

• Katrin Partikel,
• Robin Korte,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Hans-Ulrich Humpf and
• Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1002–1015, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.101

• complexes from excess serum proteins we used sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), zeta potential measurements, and liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry/mass spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) to study the composition of adsorbed proteins in detail. A quantitative analysis of corona

Biomimetic synthesis of Ag-coated glasswing butterfly arrays as ultra-sensitive SERS substrates for efficient trace detection of pesticides

• Guochao Shi,
• Mingli Wang,
• Yanying Zhu,
• Yuhong Wang,
• Xiaoya Yan,
• Xin Sun,
• Haijun Xu and
• Wanli Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 578–588, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.59

• .-20 SERS substrate for quantitative analysis. The reproducibility detection of pesticide molecules by Ag-G.b.-20 substrate was also conducted by employing 10−8 mg/mL acephate solution, and the Raman spectra recorded from 25 randomly selected points are shown in Figure 7d. The RSD values of 1185 and

Quantification and coupling of the electromagnetic and chemical contributions in surface-enhanced Raman scattering

• Yarong Su,
• Yuanzhen Shi,
• Ping Wang,
• Jinglei Du,
• Markus B. Raschke and
• Lin Pang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 549–556, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.56

• provides for a novel design principle to optimize SERS substrates for sensing and photocatalysis in a new systematic manner for quantitative analysis and photochemistry. New theoretical work to investigate the underlying electronic and vibronic structure of the metal–molecule system under different

Interaction of Te and Se interlayers with Ag or Au nanofilms in sandwich structures

• Arkadiusz Ciesielski,
• Lukasz Skowronski,
• Marek Trzcinski,
• Ewa Górecka,
• Wojciech Pacuski and
• Tomasz Szoplik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 238–246, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.22

• the Se 3d line overlaps with both the Au 5p3/2 and Ag 4p3/2 lines. Therefore we used the SeLMM Auger line as an indication of the presence of selenium. Determining the Se concentration within the sample is prone to high errors and quantitative analysis is problematic. Figure 2 (right), presents the

Scanning probe microscopy for energy-related materials

• Rüdiger Berger,
• Benjamin Grévin,
• Philippe Leclère and
• Yi Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 132–134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.12

• of performing KPFM measurements on nanoscale electrical devices [4]. In particular, the knowledge of the true potential of surfaces is required for the analysis of cross-sections of solar cell devices [5][6]. Thus, this work is the basis for future quantitative analysis of nanoscale devices even

Characterization and influence of hydroxyapatite nanopowders on living cells

• Przemyslaw Oberbek,
• Tomasz Bolek,
• Adrian Chlanda,
• Seishiro Hirano,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Julia Rogowska-Tylman,
• Ganna Nechyporenko,
• Viktor Zinchenko,
• Wojciech Swieszkowski and
• Tomasz Puzyn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3079–3094, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.286

• representative SEM images using the ImageJ software [34]. SEM in combination with an X-ray microanalyser (EDS, energy dispersion spectroscopy) was used to carry out chemical pre-analysis. EDS was carried out in dark-field (accelerating voltage = 8 kV, 2 min scan, ca. 10,000 counts) and quantitative analysis was

• quantitative analysis of nanopowders [54]. AFM allowed for 3D topography reconstruction and phase-contrast acquisition yielding for deeper insight into nanoscale features of the tested materials. It is important to note that nanoparticle imaging requires scanning probes with a small tip radius, otherwise the

Co-intercalated layered double hydroxides as thermal and photo-oxidation stabilizers for polypropylene

• Qian Zhang,
• Qiyu Gu,
• Fabrice Leroux,
• Pinggui Tang,
• Dianqing Li and
• Yongjun Feng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2980–2988, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.277

• composite films were tailored to a size of 20 × 20 × 0.1 mm and thermally aged at 150 °C. Every 80 min, the composition was monitored by FTIR. For the quantitative analysis of the degradation, the integrated area of peaks in the range of 1810–1660 cm−1, assigned to carbonyl groups was used. The photo

Exploring the photoleakage current and photoinduced negative bias instability in amorphous InGaZnO thin-film transistors with various active layer thicknesses

• Dapeng Wang and
• Mamoru Furuta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2573–2580, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.239

• 9.54 and 9.93 V when the TIGZO further increases to 75 and 100 nm. For further quantitative analysis of the origin of the NBIS-induced hysteresis, a positive gate pulse mode is carried out just after the NBIS duration of 104 s. Based on our previous publication [17], the optimized condition of a