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Search for "review" in Full Text gives 419 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.
Microplastic pollution in Himalayan lakes: assessment, risks, and sustainable remediation strategies
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2144–2167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.148
- isolated locations is, however, limited by factors such as harsh climatic conditions, logistical challenges, and the need for expert analytical techniques like microscopy and spectroscopy. The present review considers sources, pathways, and ecological impacts of microplastics in Himalayan lakes compared to
- other sensitive aquatic ecosystems. The review describes existing remediation technologies, categorizing these into physical, chemical, and biological interventions, and takes into account emerging sustainable approaches, including biofilm-mediated degradation and nanotechnology-based solutions. The
- threats. This review addresses the imperatives of enhanced governance, monitoring, legislation, and community-based mitigation measures. This research makes a contribution by integrating region-specific data, defining priority research needs, and provoking sustainable, multidisciplinary solutions specific
Rapid synthesis of highly monodisperse AgSbS2 nanocrystals: unveiling multifaceted activities in cancer therapy, antibacterial strategies, and antioxidant defense
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2105–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.145
- h [17]. In another study, the antibacterial effects of Ag, Ag2S, and Ag2Se NCs on gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria were investigated [15]. As a result of the literature review, biomedical applications of silver-based NCs were exemplified above. As can be seen from these studies, biomedical
Toward clinical translation of carbon nanomaterials in anticancer drug delivery: the need for standardisation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2092–2104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.144
- safety. Insights from these studies guide further optimisation of the delivery system, which may involve adjusting particle size, surface chemistry, or drug-loading strategies. Once optimised and evaluated, the system enters regulatory review, requiring preclinical safety and efficacy data to meet
- researchers to rely heavily on review articles that quickly become outdated, cannot be maintained, and are often non-comprehensive. Efforts are underway to improve the current standards in nomenclature and classification; several organisations, such as the ISO and the American Society for Testing and
Stereodiscrimination of guests in chiral organosilica aerogels studied by ESR spectroscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2034–2054, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.140
- established technique, an obvious advantage is that countless compounds contain NMR-active nuclei, and the interested reader is referred to one of the excellent review articles by Kärger and coworkers [21][22][23]. However, the solvents and the matrix of the porous host can also be NMR-active, which makes
Laser ablation in liquids for shape-tailored synthesis of nanomaterials: status and challenges
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1963–1997, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.137
Quantum circuits with SINIS structures
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1931–1941, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.134
- , technology with wet etching) that are promising for detectors and electron coolers. More details on various technologies and specific features of the fabrication of tunnel structures are provided in a review publication [29]. Aharonov–Bohm interferometer The Aharonov–Bohm interferometer is a hybrid
PEGylated lipids in lipid nanoparticle delivery dynamics and therapeutic innovation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1914–1930, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.133
- nanoparticle formulation is polyethylene glycol-modified (i.e., PEGylated) lipids (PEG lipids), which can significantly influence the stability, cell interactions, and overall effectiveness of LNP delivery vehicles. This review collates insights into the role of PEG lipids in LNPs by illustrating how the PEG
- address PEGylation associated immunogenicity. By conducting a critical analysis of the recent literature and identifying potent candidates for PEGylation strategies or PEG-free platforms, this review aims to provide insights and support the advancement of LNP mediated delivery. Keywords: functionalized
- PEG; immunogenicity; lipid nanoparticles; PEG alternatives; PEG lipids; therapeutic delivery; Review Introduction Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have become a promising platform in modern nanomedicine, especially for delivering genetic payloads such as mRNA and siRNA. These nanoscale particles can
Targeting the vector of arboviruses Aedes aegypti with nanoemulsions based on essential oils: a review with focus on larvicidal and repellent properties
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1894–1913, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.132
- release, and protection against degradation. Nanoemulsions are colloidal systems with droplets of 20 to 500 nm, which improve the dispersion of the compounds, protect their active properties, and enhance their efficacy. This review addresses the potential of nanoemulsions as efficient carriers of EOs, and
- nanoemulsions are discussed. In addition, this review highlights challenges and perspectives on pharmaceutical nanotechnology towards nanoemulsions as safe, effective, and eco-friendly tools for controlling Ae. Aegypti. Keywords: Aedes aegypti; arboviruses; mosquito vector; nanoemulsion; nanotechnology
- review focuses on mapping nanoemulsions based on essential oils and their potential as an innovative strategy for controlling Aedes aegypti and consequently related arboviruses. Review Aedes aegypti: General aspects and control strategies Insects are important vectors in the transmission of bacteria and
On the road to sustainability – application of metallic nanoparticles obtained by green synthesis in dentistry: a scoping review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1851–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.128
- , particularly in dentistry. This scoping review examines the rising focus on these nanoparticles regarding their antimicrobial, regenerative, and therapeutic potential in dental applications. Among the metals studied, silver and zinc oxide nanoparticles dominate because of their broad-spectrum antimicrobial
- content. Despite promising results, gaps remain, such as the predominance of in vitro studies (68.7%) and insufficient cytotoxicity assessments (47.8%), underscoring the need for translational research. This review highlights the transformative potential of green-synthesized nanoparticles in dentistry
- materials or applied to prosthetic and restorative surfaces [8][25][26]. Despite the potential for application in dentistry, there is a lack of reviews integrating recent advances in the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles in this field. Therefore, this scoping review employed the “population, concept
Current status of using adsorbent nanomaterials for removing microplastics from water supply systems: a mini review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1837–1850, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.127
- sustainable strategies to deal with this matter. Many studies have shown that adsorbent nanomaterials have potential for the removal of MPs from water. This review evaluates the current status of using adsorbent nanomaterials in removing MPs from water supply systems. It discusses the occurrences and removal
- stability but also human health over the long term. These risks highlight the urgent need for effective strategies to mitigate MP pollution in both environmental and water supply systems. While numerous review papers have been conducted to evaluate the status of MP pollution, most of these papers have
- [25][26]. To deal with current gaps, this review aims to provide aspects relating to (i) the occurrences of MPs in water supply systems and the effectiveness of MP removal throughout the treatment processes; (ii) the potential of adsorbent nanomaterials for MP removal, focusing on adsorption
Piezoelectricity of layered double hydroxides: perspectives regarding piezocatalysis and nanogenerators
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1812–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.124
- is still in its infancy and this review explores its recent advances. The discussion encompasses LDH-based piezoelectric nanogenerators, piezocatalytic and piezo-photocatalytic properties of LDHs, and composite material synergies that enhance the overall electroactive performance. Looking to the
- future, systematic research into the effects of LDHs’ composition and structure on piezoelectric properties will be crucial to unlock their full potential. This mini-review aims to inspire the audience with valuable ideas for the development of new LDH-based piezoelectric materials, thereby contributing
- the topics of piezoelectricity and layered double hydroxides in bibliographic systems and publishers such as ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, Royal Society of Chemistry, American Society of Chemistry, and MDPI. Our review is limited to articles published up to and including January 2025. Review Key
Exploring the potential of polymers: advancements in oral nanocarrier technology
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1751–1793, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.122
- , Brazil 10.3762/bjnano.16.122 Abstract Polymers play a pivotal role in various drug delivery systems due to their versatility, with polymeric nanoparticles showing significant potential to overcome physiological barriers associated with oral administration. This review examines the current advancements
- developing diverse nanocarriers for oral applications, and this review provides a valuable theoretical foundation for understanding the strategies currently employed in this field. Keywords: drug delivery; nanoparticle; oral administration; polymer; polymeric nanoparticle; Review 1 Introduction The oral
- methacrylates. Strategies to enhance drug entrapment and improve interactions with biological systems often combine synthetic and natural polymers, with the latter serving as a coating to protect against degradation [21]. Considering the advantages of nanoparticulate systems in drug delivery, this review
Advances of aptamers in esophageal cancer diagnosis, treatment and drug delivery
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1734–1750, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.121
- , leveraging the high target specificity of well-selected aptamers may bring new breakthroughs in the diagnosis, treatment and drug delivery of EC. Keywords: aptamers; detection; drug delivery; esophageal cancer; esophageal squamous cell carcinoma; therapy; Review 1 Introduction Esophageal cancer (EC) is
- therapeutics and targeted delivery agents to provide more accurate, efficient and safer diagnosis and treatment options for EC patients. Initially, this review describes the high selectivity and binding ability of aptamers to specific EC markers, showing great potential for early detection of EC and monitoring
- ) selection, synthesis, and technical details of aptamers and their applications are described in detail in the article. The exclusion criteria are: (1) review, letter, news; (2) comment of a conference or seminar; (3) case report; or (4) irrelevant research topic of the article. Eventually, 17 original
Ambient pressure XPS at MAX IV
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1677–1694, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.118
- restricted to ultrahigh vacuum. This review highlights the capabilities and scientific impact of APXPS at the MAX IV Laboratory, the world’s first fourth-generation synchrotron light source. With the APXPS beamlines SPECIES and HIPPIE, MAX IV offers state-of-the-art instrumentation for in situ and operando
- ; batteries; catalysis; corrosion; Review Ambient pressure XPS Electron spectroscopy has significantly contributed to the understanding of chemical and physical processes that govern the complex interactions between a solid surface and its environment. These processes play crucial roles in phenomena such as
- –gas, solid–liquid, and liquid–gas interfaces in situ and under operando conditions. In this review, we highlight exemplary APXPS experiments conducted in different environments to study solid–gas and solid–liquid interfaces. APXPS at MAX IV is making a considerable contribution in various scientific
Prospects of nanotechnology and natural products for cancer and immunotherapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1644–1667, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.116
- , enhancing stability, and reducing adverse effects. Concurrently, natural products are being extensively researched for their anticancer and immunomodulatory properties. This patent review aims to analyze publications that integrate nanotechnology with natural products to develop cancer treatments and
- immunotherapies. In this context, 17 patents were identified through the free online databases of the European Patent Office (EPO) and the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO). The review discusses various types of nanotechnology, including nanoparticles, nanocarriers, and nanocapsules, as well as
- agents. Consequently, the combination of natural products with nanotechnology holds significant therapeutic potential. Keywords: cancer; immunotherapy; nanotechnology; natural products; patent; review; Introduction Cancer is a disease characterized by the uncontrolled proliferation of abnormal cells
Nanotechnology-based approaches for the removal of microplastics from wastewater: a comprehensive review
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1607–1632, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.114
- effectively removing MPs, especially those in the nanosize range. This review presents a detail analysis of the sources, pathways, detection methods, and health impact of MPs, while emphasizing the emerging role of nanotechnology in their remediation. Nanomaterials, including nanoadsorbents, photocatalysts
- articles dominate the landscape, with 1478 publications focused on MPs and 325 on NPs. Review articles and book chapters also show substantial number of MP studies, suggesting a mature and well-reviewed body of literature. In contrast, contributions on NPs remain limited across all categories, reflecting
- key properties of nanoparticles include high surface area, extensive functionalization, high reactivity, and size-dependent characteristics. By leveraging these properties, water treatment methods can be refined at the nanoscale to selectively target pollutants [16][17]. This comprehensive review
Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104
- Raman spectroscopy (SERS) substrates, and solar cells. In this review article, we describe different methods of nanocolloidal synthesis using laser-assisted processes and corresponding thin film fabrication methods, particularly those utilized for device fabrication and characterization. The four
- ; nanocolloids to thin films; photocatalysis; photovoltaics and photodetection; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS); Review 1 Introduction This section provides a brief introduction to the fundamental laser processing techniques used in liquids, including ablation, fragmentation, melting, irradiation; it
- . These techniques have been important for progress in this field of study. 1.1 Laser ablation in liquids Laser ablation in liquids (LAL) is a well-established technique for synthesizing nanomaterials such as metals, semiconductors, ceramics, polymers, and alloys. Several review articles published since
The role of biochar in combating microplastic pollution: a bibliometric analysis in environmental contexts
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1401–1416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.102
- BC and modified BC in mitigating MP-contaminated soil by evaluating crop yield, microbial expression, gene activity, and enzymatic responses, while also analyzing the effectiveness of various modified biochars in removing MPs of different sizes in aqueous environments. The findings of this review
- provide critical insights into the current state and future directions of biochar's application in addressing MP pollution. Review Research methodology and analytical framework Data collection and processing The study employed bibliometric analysis using CiteSpace to examine publication trends and
Enhancing the therapeutical potential of metalloantibiotics using nano-based delivery systems
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1350–1366, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.98
- .; Liu, G. Nanoscale 2025, 17, 5605–5628. doi:10.1039/D4NR04774E ]. This review explores the potential of encapsulated metalloantibiotics as a new frontier in antimicrobial therapy. We address the mechanisms by which drug delivery systems can stabilize and direct metalloantibiotics to their biological
- resistance. Review Nanocarriers for targeted antibiotic delivery The role of drug delivery systems is particularly vital in combating bacterial infections where antibiotic resistance poses a significant challenge [27][28]. Conventional antibiotic treatments often result in sublethal drug concentrations at
Ferroptosis induction by engineered liposomes for enhanced tumor therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1325–1349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.97
- ferroptosis-based therapy. Among them, engineered liposomes have received more attention due to their biocompatibility, low immunogenicity, and flexibility in chemical and structural modifications. The present review focuses on the mechanisms of ferroptosis and its induction by engineered liposomes to improve
- tumor therapy. It also highlights the fascinating outcome of liposome-mediated ferroptosis in overcoming the obstacles to cancer therapy, along with the limitations and possible future directions. Keywords: cancer; ferroptosis; liposome; nanomedicine; stimuli-responsive; Review 1 Introduction Cancer
- , reduced drug toxicity, improved pharmacokinetics, the ability to release drugs in a controlled manner, and the ability to target tumors. However, certain limitations also exist, including off-target accumulation and fast clearance [21]. This review explores the design of liposome structures aimed at
Wavelength-dependent correlation of LIPSS periodicity and laser penetration depth in stainless steel
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1302–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.95
- incident polarization [40][41][42][43][44][45]. A recent review by Jörn Bonse and Stephan Gräf provides a comprehensive classification based on materials and associated theories [46]. Two primary classes of theories – electromagnetic and matter reorganization – have been proposed to explain LIPSS formation
Better together: biomimetic nanomedicines for high performance tumor therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1246–1276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.92
- their action site to achieve desired therapeutic effects. Thus, it is critical to explore and understand the types, targeting mechanism, immune responses, and therapeutic outcomes of such NPs. Unlike previous reports, here, we provide an up-to-date review of recent advances in biomimetic nanomedicines
- with a specific focus on their types and recent advancements only for cancer treatment. This review focuses on the recent advancements in biomimetic nanomedicines engineered with various biomaterials, emphasizing their interactions with different types of tumors and tumor microenvironment (TME). It
- presents the role of biomimetic nanoparticles in developing targeted cancer therapies by selectively eliminating the tumor cells, sparing healthy tissues, and possibly stimulating the immune system. The review explores biomimetic nanodrug delivery systems as antitumor immunotherapy, including antigen
Hydrogels and nanogels: effectiveness in dermal applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1216–1233, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.90
- stability, absorption, and biodistribution impairments. Among the DDSs, we can highlight hydrogels and nanogels, which are easy to obtain, show good biocompatibility, and have several applications in the design of drug carriers for dermal and ocular administration. In this review, we introduce a brief
- application of hydrogels and nanogels as DDSs are particularly addressed. Review Preparation of hydrogels Cross-linking, one of the main techniques for hydrogel formation, is the process of linking polymer chains by covalent or noncovalent bonds, forming tridimensional networks [43][44]. Polymers can be intra
Crystalline and amorphous structure selectivity of ignoble high-entropy alloy nanoparticles during laser ablation in organic liquids is set by pulse duration
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1141–1159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.84
- pyrolysis [24], and solvothermal methods [25] as addressed in several review articles [26][27][28][29]. In brief, the usual structures obtained when synthesizing HEA NPs are mostly fcc and bcc. Applying CTS, Yao et al. reported quinary, senary, septenary, and even octonary HEA NPs, all forming an fcc
- ][93][94] while a recent review also thoroughly reported on the by-product development due to radical recombination during laser-based syntheses in organic solvents [54]. These carbon species can interact with the plume and diffuse into the nanoparticles, depending on the affinity of nanoparticle
Soft materials nanoarchitectonics: liquid crystals, polymers, gels, biomaterials, and others
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1025–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.77
- structures and properties. To demonstrate its effectiveness, this review takes typical soft materials, including liquid crystals, polymers, gels, and biological materials, as examples. The aims are to extract the properties that emerge from them and to highlight the challenges that lie ahead. The examples
- for diabetic bone defects, and bactericidal materials. As can be seen from these examples, soft materials nanoarchitectonics offers a wide range of material designs, specific functions, and potential applications. In addition, this review examines the current state and future of soft materials
- macroscale to the nanoscale, upon relations with soft materials and nanoarchitectonics. However, the diversity of soft materials is such that it is virtually impossible to provide a comprehensive overview within a small review article. Accordingly, this review takes typical soft materials, including liquid
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