Ultrathin water layers on mannosylated gold nanoparticles

• Maiara A. Iriarte Alonso,
• Jorge H. Melillo,
• Silvina Cerveny,
• Yujin Tong and
• Alexander M. Bittner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2183–2198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.151

• evaporated under nitrogen flow. The VSFG experiments were achieved under dry air flushing at room temperature (24 °C) at four different center frequencies to measure the complete CH and OH stretching region in the broadband infrared. The tunable infrared laser produced femtosecond pulses of ca. 5.5 mW (at

Quality by design optimization of microemulsions for topical delivery of Passiflora setacea seed oil

• Daniel T. Pereira,
• Douglas Dourado,
• Danielle T. Freire,
• Dayanne L. Porto,
• Cícero F. S. Aragão,
• Myla L. de Souza,
• Guilherme R. S. de Araujo,
• Ana Maria Costa,
• Wógenes N. Oliveira,
• Anne Sapin-Minet,
• Éverton N. Alencar and
• Eryvaldo Sócrates T. Egito

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2116–2131, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.146

• . Accordingly, the microemulsions were evaluated for their shear stress and viscosity at both room temperature (25 ± 2 °C) and skin temperature (32.5 ± 2 °C). Microemulsions can exhibit diverse rheological behaviors depending on their type, structure, droplet density, and interdroplet interactions [49]. As

• , the organic (n-hexane) layer was collected and washed three times with saturated NaCl solution to remove residual reagents. A 200 µL aliquot of the organic phase was then dried at room temperature in pre-weighted vials. FAME quantification was performed using a gas chromatograph (GC Agilent 8860

• temperature (25 °C) and skin temperature (32.5 °C) [13]. All measurements were carried out in triplicate. Microemulsion stability tests The physicochemical stability of the optimized microemulsion and its gelled form was monitored over 60 days at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C). Stability parameters included

Rapid synthesis of highly monodisperse AgSbS₂ nanocrystals: unveiling multifaceted activities in cancer therapy, antibacterial strategies, and antioxidant defense

• Funda Ulusu,
• Adem Sarilmaz,
• Yakup Ulusu,
• Faruk Ozel and
• Mahmut Kus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2105–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.145

• at room temperature (25 °C) for 30 min under Ar flow. Then the reaction medium was started to be heated and when the reaction medium reached 160 °C, freshly prepared 1-DDT (0.52 mL) and t-DDT (3.52 mL) mixture was rapidly injected into the hot reaction medium under vigorous stirring. The synthesis

• was maintained at this temperature for 5 min, after which the reaction mixture was allowed to cool to room temperature. The obtained products were then precipitated using an ethanol/toluene mixture and subsequently collected by centrifugation (6500 rpm for 1 min). Antibacterial activities of AgSbS2

• ). DPPH and nanoparticle mixed solutions were used as sample, while only DPPH solution was used as negative control and ascorbic acid was used as a positive control. The samples were kept in the dark at room temperature for 30 min of incubation, and the change in color was monitored, using a microplate

Stereodiscrimination of guests in chiral organosilica aerogels studied by ESR spectroscopy

• Sebastian Polarz,
• Yasar Krysiak,
• Martin Wessig and
• Florian Kuhlmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2034–2054, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.140

• low temperatures, there is a notable fraction of surface-adsorbed species, which indicates that there is weak confinement and weak interaction between the pore walls and 3CP. The data recorded at room temperature shows no indication of surface-adsorbed compounds, and only quickly rotating 3CP is seen

• temperature until almost all spin probes are mobile at room temperature (Figure 4b). The interaction enthalpy of the spin probe with the pore walls of the aerogel is relatively low, and, together with the relatively large size of the pores, a higher temperature easily induces detachment from the surfaces. If

• (+)- and (−)-3CP dissolved in ethanol/pentane and inside Chiralpak IG-3, that is, for the situation for which we know that there is successful stereoselection even at room temperature. One sees how the position of the signal shifts to higher fields with increasing temperature because the spin probes can

Beyond the shell: exploring polymer–lipid interfaces in core–shell nanofibers to carry hyaluronic acid and β-caryophyllene

• Aline Tavares da Silva Barreto,
• Francisco Alexandrino-Júnior,
• Bráulio Soares Arcanjo,
• Paulo Henrique de Souza Picciani and
• Kattya Gyselle de Holanda e Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2015–2033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.139

• solution was prepared by dissolving PLA in a 2:8 (v/v) mixture of DMF and chloroform. The core solution was composed of HA at varying concentrations, solubilized in 0.9% (w/v) sodium chloride solution (physiological saline) under constant stirring at room temperature until fully dissolved. To incorporate

• SEM imaging of the cross-section of the HA+NE2/PLA sample was performed before and after core removal to observe the core–shell structure. For core removal, a portion of the sample was washed multiple times with distilled water, followed by ethanol, and then dried at room temperature. Samples, both

Laser ablation in liquids for shape-tailored synthesis of nanomaterials: status and challenges

• Natalie Tarasenka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1963–1997, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.137

• room temperature. At an intermediate stage, the particles are organized in a network structure. The self-assembly processes can result in one-dimensional nanomaterials as well. Yang et al. [31] fabricated ZnSe nanowires through the self-assembly of ≈ 50 nm seed NPs, which were first generated by

• modification and oxidation, and influencing the processes of ageing, oxidation, aggregation, and agglomeration. As a result, in [36], the increase of the ambient temperature was demonstrated to induce oriented growth of the NPs with the formation of nanospindles, whereas at room temperature only isotropic

Quantum circuits with SINIS structures

• Mikhail Tarasov,
• Mikhail Fominskii,
• Aleksandra Gunbina,
• Artem Krasilnikov,
• Maria Mansfeld,
• Dmitrii Kukushkin,
• Andrei Maruhno,
• Valeria Ievleva,
• Mikhail Strelkov,
• Daniil Zhogov,
• Konstantin Arutyunov,
• Vyacheslav Vdovin,
• Vladislav Stolyarov and
• Valerian Edelman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1931–1941, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.134

• measurements with a room-temperature JFET readout system and can be improved by upgrading the readout electronics). As an example, some measured characteristics of the SINIS detectors are given in Figure 7. The amplifier voltage noise is 20 nV·Hz−1/2, the optimal input impedance for this amplifier is 500 kΩ

Low-temperature AFM with a microwave cavity optomechanical transducer

• Ermes Scarano,
• Elisabet K. Arvidsson,
• August K. Roos,
• Erik Holmgren,
• Riccardo Borgani,
• Mats O. Tholén and
• David B. Haviland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1873–1882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.130

• fine positioning (Attocube anpz 102/LT/HV, ansxyz 100/LT/HV). Twisted pairs and coaxial cables are coiled to make springy electrical connections to the AFM. Thermal anchoring of the various parts is achieved by copper braids with multiple zig-zag folds. At room temperature, the resonance frequency of

Self-assembly and adhesive properties of Pollicipes pollicipes barnacle cement protein cp19k: influence of pH and ionic strength

• Shrutika Sawant,
• Anne Marie Power and
• J. Gerard Wall

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1863–1872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.129

• (100 µL) were mixed with 100 µL of 40 µM ThT prepared in the sample buffer at the same pH and incubated at room temperature for 5 min. Fluorescence emission was recorded at 482 nm using a Varioskan Flash spectrofluorometer in a black polystyrene 96-well plate, with excitation at 440 nm and a bandwidth

Phytol-loaded soybean oil nanoemulsion as a promising alternative against Leishmania amazonensis

• Victória Louise Pinto Freire,
• Mariana Farias Alves-Silva,
• Johny W. de Freitas Oliveira,
• Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa,
• Alianda Maira Cornélio,
• Marcelo de Souza-Silva,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros and
• Arnóbio Antônio da Silva Junior

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1826–1836, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.126

• -solvent, Tween® 80, and ʟ-α-phosphatidylcholine (PC), as surfactants. For nanoemulsions containing phytol, 10 mg/g of the drug was added to OP. Subsequent to the nanoemulsification step, the nanoemulsions were transferred into hermetically sealed glass vials and stored at room temperature for further

• , USA), following a protocol adapted from Saberi et al. (2013) [41]. After centrifugation, samples were analyzed regarding droplet size, PdI, and ZP. All measurements were performed in triplicates at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C). In addition, colloidal stability of non-centrifuged nanoemulsions was

• Company, Hillsboro, OR, USA). The samples were diluted in purified water at a 1:20 (v/v) ratio, and a drop of the diluted suspension was deposited onto square-mesh copper grids and allowed to adsorb for 2 min. The grids were then air-dried at room temperature prior to imaging. Cytocompatibility Mammalian

Electrical, photocatalytic, and sensory properties of graphene oxide and polyimide implanted with low- and medium-energy silver ions

• Josef Novák,
• Eva Štěpanovská,
• Petr Malinský,
• Vlastimil Mazánek,
• Jan Luxa,
• Ulrich Kentsch and
• Zdeněk Sofer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1794–1811, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.123

• ion accelerator (Tandetron 4130 MC) at Nuclear Physics Institute of the CAS, Rez, Czechia. The ion implantation was performed at room temperature. GO and PI were implanted with Ag+ ions at fluences of 3.75 × 1012 cm−2, 3.75 × 1014 cm−2, and 1.0 × 1016 cm−2. The ion current during the implantation was

Multifunctional anionic nanoemulsion with linseed oil and lecithin: a preliminary approach for dry eye disease

• Niédja Fittipaldi Vasconcelos,
• Almerinda Agrelli,
• Rayane Cristine Santos da Silva,
• Carina Lucena Mendes-Marques,
• Isabel Renata de Souza Arruda,
• Priscilla Stela Santana de Oliveira,
• Mércia Liane de Oliveira and
• Giovanna Machado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1711–1733, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.120

• pore size) and stored at room temperature. The hydrophilic nature of PES facilitates filtration of lipid-based nanoemulsions, while potential retention of larger or deformable droplets may occur without compromising overall stability. Surfactant concentration in the pre-formulations Pre-nanoemulsions

• room temperature (25 °C) and elevated temperature (75 °C) are summarized in Table 2. Visually, heating LO to 75 °C did not result in any noticeable changes in color or turbidity; the oil maintained its original yellowish hue and translucent appearance, as shown in Figure 1a. The observed density of LO

Beyond the bilayer: multilayered hygroscopic actuation in pine cone scales

• Kim Ulrich,
• Max David Mylo,
• Tom Masselter,
• Fabian Scheckenbach,
• Sophia Fischerbauer,
• Martin Nopens,
• Silja Flenner,
• Imke Greving,
• Linnea Hesse and
• Thomas Speck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1695–1710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.119

• Pinus jeffreyi tree growing in the Botanical Garden in Freiburg im Breisgau, Germany, and were collected from the ground in February 2022, after they had already opened and dispersed most of their seeds. Following collection, the cones were stored in a climate-controlled environment at room temperature

Ambient pressure XPS at MAX IV

• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Ulrike Küst,
• Alexander Klyushin,
• Rosemary Jones,
• Jan Knudsen,
• Robert Temperton,
• Andrey Shavorskiy and
• Esko Kokkonen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1677–1694, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.118

• Physics of the University of Trieste [22], and supported by DFT, the authors demonstrated that the Co-porphyrin SAC stabilizes a hydroperoxyl–water (O2H-H2O) cluster in O2+H2O atmosphere at room temperature [21]. This is considered the fundamental reaction intermediate in the ORR. In particular, the

• , bare copper rapidly oxidized to Cu2O at room temperature and further to CuO at ~200 °C. However, with hBN or graphene layers, oxidation was significantly delayed. Both 2D materials retard the oxidation of Cu by more than 120 °C, but with different kinetics. The behavior of hBN/Cu is relatively simple

• CoTPyP/GR layer in UHV (bottom) and in 10−3 mbar O2 +10−1 mbar H2O at room temperature (top); experimental data (markers) are reported together with the best fit (continuous lines) and deconvolution envelopes (filled profiles). (b) NAP-XPS spectra of the Co 2p3/2 (left, hν = 910 eV) and O 1s (right, hν

Venom-loaded cationic-functionalized poly(lactic acid) nanoparticles for serum production against Tityus serrulatus scorpion

• Philippe de Castro Mesquita,
• Karla Samara Rocha Soares,
• Manoela Torres-Rêgo,
• Emanuell dos Santos-Silva,
• Mariana Farias Alves-Silva,
• Alianda Maira Cornélio,
• Matheus de Freitas Fernandes-Pedrosa and
• Arnóbio Antônio da Silva-Júnior

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1633–1643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.115

• the plate was incubated at 37 °C for 1 hour. The plate was washed and 50 µL/well of diluted detection antibodies was added and incubated for 3 h. The plate was then washed again, the substrate was added, and the plate was incubated at room temperature for 15 min. The reaction was stopped (H2SO4 4 M

Bioinspired polypropylene-based functionally graded materials and metamaterials modeling the mistletoe–host interface

• Lina M. Rojas González,
• Naeim Ghavidelnia,
• Christoph Eberl and
• Max D. Mylo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1592–1606, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.113

• all laminates. They consist of preheating for 5 min at a constant temperature of 200 °C, pressing for 8 min at a pressure of 0.8 MPa and cooling to room temperature for 20 min. The compression times had a marked effect on the feasibility of hot pressing and the mechanical properties of the resulting

• a speed of 1 mm/min at room temperature using a RetroLine universal testing machine (ZwickRoell GmbH & Co. KG., Ulm, Germany) equipped with a 10 kN load cell. Samples for which slippage was visible during tensile loading were excluded from further evaluation. Stress (σ = F/A0) and strain (ε = (li

Photocatalytic degradation of ofloxacin in water assisted by TiO₂ nanowires on carbon cloth: contributions of H₂O₂ addition and substrate absorbability

• Iram Hussain,
• Lisha Zhang,
• Zhizhen Ye and
• Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1567–1579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.111

• of as-precipitated nanowires in air at a heating rate of 10 K·min−1 from room temperature to 500 °C. The static water contact angles were measured using a goniometer (OCA 11, DataPhysics Instruments GmbH, Filderstadt, Germany) following the standard sessile drop method. The measurements were

• performed at room temperature. A TOC-L CPH analyzer (SHIMADZU, Japan) was used to detect total organic carbon (TOC). Photocatalytic activity for OFL removal The photocatalytic activity was evaluated through the photodegradation of 50 mL aqueous solutions of OFL at initial concentrations of 50, 75, 100, and

Influence of laser beam profile on morphology and optical properties of silicon nanoparticles formed by laser ablation in liquid

• Natalie Tarasenka,
• Vladislav Kornev,
• Alena Nevar and
• Nikolai Tarasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1533–1544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.108

• ) operating at an accelerating voltage of 10 kV. For SEM and Raman measurements, the colloidal solution was deposited onto Al foil by drop casting and dried at room temperature. The Raman measurements were performed under 488 nm excitation using a micro-Raman system (“NanoFlex”, Solar LS, Belarus). The UV–vis

• absorption spectra of the prepared colloids were measured using a Cary 500 Scan spectrophotometer (Varian, USA) in the spectral range of 200–2000 nm in a 10 mm quartz cuvette. The measurements of the PL spectra were carried out at room temperature using a Fluorolog-3 spectrofluorometer (HORIBA Scientific

Dendrimer-modified carbon nanotubes for the removal and recovery of heavy metal ions from water

• Thao Quynh Ngan Tran,
• Huu Trung Nguyen,
• Subodh Kumar and
• Xuan Thang Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1522–1532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.107

• resulting dispersions were sonicated followed by stirring at room temperature for 2 h to facilitate the adsorption process in neutral medium. A successive increase in adsorption efficiency of dendrimerized CNTs from CNTs-G1 to CNTs-G5 was observed, clearly indicating the significant role of stepwise growth

• using 30 mL of distilled water through a ring-opening mechanism [51]. Then, 0.4 g of freshly prepared MA was mixed with 3.0 g of a DES synthesized by the reaction of choline chloride and zinc chloride in a 1:2 molar ratio under continuous stirring at room temperature until a homogeneous liquid was

• formed [52]. The mixture of MA and DES was stirred at room temperature for 10 min and then diluted with 3 mL of deionized water to obtain a homogeneous solution. Subsequently, 100 mg of pure CNTs were gradually added to the MA-DES solution under continuous magnetic stirring for 30 min to ensure proper

Cross-reactivities in conjugation reactions involving iron oxide nanoparticles

• Shoronia N. Cross,
• Katalin V. Korpany,
• Hanine Zakaria and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1504–1521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.106

• for the preparation of functional IONPs capped with either alkynes or azides [8][13][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27]. The thiol–maleimide Michael addition reaction is another commonly employed click reaction [28][29][30][31], which can be performed at room temperature by simply mixing

• %) and sulfo-Cy5-azide (hereafter, referred to simply as Cy5-azide) (95%) were purchased from Lumiprobe Corporation (Hunt Valley, MD). All sonication steps were performed using a Branson 2510 ultrasonic cleaner (Branson Ultrasonics Corp., Brookfield, CT) at room temperature (RT). All centrifugation steps

Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Pooja Raveendran Nair,
• Jithin Kundalam Kadavath,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• M. R. Anantharaman and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104

• , time, and acceleration [103]. The spin coating method is a straightforward, simple, and room-temperature technique for producing thin films. Uniform coatings are produced by evenly casting a solution of the required substance in a solvent (“ink”) across the substrate’s surface while it is spinning [104

• polymers, and are suitable for film fabrication using spin coating under optimal conditions. 2.2 Drop casting Colloidal indium oxide (In2O3) NPs were synthesized using PLA of indium in water at room temperature. The thin film of In2O3 NPs was deposited on a n-type silicon by drop casting for heterojunction

• particle size through a relatively simple process, further advancing the field of laser-based nanoparticle synthesis. The first report on the fabrication of ZnO quantum dots (QDs) through laser irradiation of ZnO hollow nanospheres in a liquid medium highlighted a rapid, simple process conducted at room

Photochemical synthesis of silver nanoprisms via green LED irradiation and evaluation of SERS activity

• Tuan Anh Mai-Ngoc,
• Nhi Kieu Vo,
• Cong Danh Nguyen,
• Thi Kim Xuan Nguyen and
• Thanh Sinh Do

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1417–1427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.103

• solution was stirred at room temperature and aged in the dark overnight. Manufacturing of AgNPrs A volume of 20 mL of the seed solution was transferred into 25 mL glass vials (Wheaton, Germany). These vials were placed vertically at a fixed distance of 8 cm from the LED light source, inside a cardboard box

• (TEM, JEM-1400, Japan). For TEM analysis, a droplet of the nanoparticle dispersion was deposited onto a 3 mm copper grid and allowed to dry at room temperature. For FESEM analysis, the dried sample was mounted on conductive carbon tape and imaged at an accelerating voltage of 10 kV. TEM imaging was

• residue was re-dispersed in 1 mL of distilled water. 50 µL of 10−4 M 4-MBA solution was added to 450 µL of the re-dispersed sample and left for 1 h at room temperature. 20 µL of the resulting mixture was placed on the Si wafer substrate, allowed to dry at room temperature, and Raman measurements were

Parylene-coated platinum nanowire electrodes for biomolecular sensing applications

• Chao Liu,
• Peker Milas,
• Michael G. Spencer and
• Birol Ozturk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1392–1400, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.101

• was turned off and the deposition chamber was opened after the system had cooled down to room temperature. Laser-assisted nanowire tip exposure A focused 450 nm blue diode laser beam was used to expose the tip of the platinum nanowires after parylene-C coating. Figure 7 illustrates the experimental

Automated collection and categorisation of STM images and STS spectra with and without machine learning

• Dylan Stewart Barker and
• Adam Sweetman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1367–1379, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.99

• . The target temperature for SnPc deposition was 360 °C; once reached, the cryostat shields were opened for 1 h, before closing and checking the coverage in STM. Once deposited, the sample was cold annealed to room temperature, which has the effect of driving the molecules preferentially to the “elbow

Wavelength-dependent correlation of LIPSS periodicity and laser penetration depth in stainless steel

• Nitin Chaudhary,
• Chavan Akash Naik,
• Shilpa Mangalassery,
• Jai Prakash Gautam and
• Sri Ram Gopal Naraharisetty

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1302–1315, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.95

• determined at room temperature, which might not be appropriate for metals heated with intense femtosecond laser pulses. The LIPSS period becomes smaller when the stainless steel surface is rougher as the roughness increases the real part of the refractive index at the metal–air interface [61]. Variation of