Streptavidin-coated gold nanoparticles: critical role of oligonucleotides on stability and fractal aggregation

• Roberta D'Agata,
• Pasquale Palladino and
• Giuseppe Spoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1–11, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.1

• surface plasmons (SPs) propagating along the interface between the flat metal surface and dielectric. The signal enhancement produced when AuNPs are used in assays is a consequence of the large variation of the local dielectric constant caused by AuNPs [8]. In fact, the interaction between propagating and

• nanoparticles have been investigated. Most of them rely on the integrated extinction, which increases with the degree of aggregate formation in agreement with theoretical principles based on the different contribution of transversal and longitudinal surface plasmons [60][61]. The integrated extinction between

Graphene-enhanced plasmonic nanohole arrays for environmental sensing in aqueous samples

• Christa Genslein,
• Peter Hausler,
• Eva-Maria Kirchner,
• Rudolf Bierl,
• Antje J. Baeumner and
• Thomas Hirsch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1564–1573, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.150

• continuous gold films, gold nanohole arrays can significantly improve the performance of SPR devices in angle-dependent measurement mode, as a signal amplification arises from localized surface plasmons at the nanostructures. This leads consequently to an increased sensing capability of molecules bound to

• next to their surface. The exponential decay of the plasmonic field generates a response affected by the penetrated volume within the solution [13]. Within conventional SPR sensing propagating surface plasmons (PSP) are the main parameter, defined as propagating charge oscillations on the surface of a

• thin metal film. At a visible wavelength the decay of PSP on a planar surface is approximately half of the excitation wavelength and in the range of a few hundred nanometers [14]. For localized surface plasmons (LSP) occurring at nanostructures, the values are significantly smaller and are in the range

Localized surface plasmons in structures with linear Au nanoantennas on a SiO₂/Si surface

• Ilya A. Milekhin,
• Sergei A. Kuznetsov,
• Ekaterina E. Rodyakina,
• Alexander G. Milekhin,
• Alexander V. Latyshev and
• Dietrich R. T. Zahn

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1519–1526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.145

• surface with underlying SiO2 layers of various thicknesses allowed the penetration depth of localized surface plasmons into SiO2 to be determined. The value of the penetration depth derived experimentally (20 ± 10 nm) corresponds to that obtained from electromagnetic simulations (12.9–30.0 nm). Coupling

Tunable longitudinal modes in extended silver nanoparticle assemblies

• Serene S. Bayram,
• Klas Lindfors and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1219–1228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.113

• sought through extended planar structures capable of light guiding. The flux of surface plasmons can be tuned and acclimatized for a desired purpose by the controlled organization of metallic nanoparticles into higher order arrays and assemblies. Results and Discussion The as-synthesized AgNPs do not

Templated green synthesis of plasmonic silver nanoparticles in onion epidermal cells suitable for surface-enhanced Raman and hyper-Raman scattering

• Marta Espina Palanco,
• Klaus Bo Mogensen,
• Marina Gühlke,
• Zsuzsanna Heiner,
• Janina Kneipp and
• Katrin Kneipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 834–840, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.75

• different fields of science, technology and medicine [1]. Particularly exciting applications of metal nanostructures exploit the resonant interaction of light with the collective oscillations of the free electrons, so-called surface plasmons. These resonances can give rise to strongly enhanced and highly

Highly compact refractive index sensor based on stripe waveguides for lab-on-a-chip sensing applications

• Chamanei Perera,
• Kristy Vernon,
• Elliot Cheng,
• Juna Sathian,
• Esa Jaatinen and
• Timothy Davis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 751–757, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.66

• outcome of this paper will prove beneficial in highly compact, label-free and highly sensitive refractive index analysis. Keywords: interferometer; sensing; surface plasmons; waveguides; Introduction Plasmons are coherent oscillations of free electrons existing on metal dielectric interfaces and are

Mapping bound plasmon propagation on a nanoscale stripe waveguide using quantum dots: influence of spacer layer thickness

• Chamanei S. Perera,
• Alison M. Funston,
• Han-Hao Cheng and
• Kristy C. Vernon

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2046–2051, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.208

• has an increased PL intensity when excited using a TM polarised laser. This increase in the DoP is an evidence that plasmons are causing the near-waveguide luminescence and QDs near the waveguide are excited by the propagating surface plasmons on the waveguide. PL of the QDs can be quenched due to non

Possibilities and limitations of advanced transmission electron microscopy for carbon-based nanomaterials

• Xiaoxing Ke,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Gustaaf Van Tendeloo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1541–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.158

• as π and π+σ surface plasmons, respectively, as confirmed both theoretically and experimentally in free-standing monolayer graphene [100][101]. Zhou et al. have demonstrated the surface plasmon resonances in monolayer graphene down to the atomic scale [102]. It is further revealed that a single point

• ], claimed that the commonly referred π and π+σ peaks are not surface plasmons but single-particle interband excitations. Nevertheless, VEELS on graphene has opened up a venue to both the fundamental study and further applications in optoelectronics, plasmonics and transformative optics using carbon-based

Growth and morphological analysis of segmented AuAg alloy nanowires created by pulsed electrodeposition in ion-track etched membranes

• Ina Schubert,
• Loic Burr,
• Christina Trautmann and
• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1272–1280, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.131

• synthesised by electrodeposition in membranes, and are ideal model systems for investigation of surface plasmons. Keywords: AuAg alloy; cyclic voltammetry; electrodeposition; ion-track technology; nanogaps; segmented nanowires; Introduction The synthesis of multicomponent heterostructure nanowires is

Surface excitations in the modelling of electron transport for electron-beam-induced deposition experiments

• Francesc Salvat-Pujol,
• Roser Valentí and
• Wolfgang S. Werner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1260–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.129

• a primary energy of 1 keV surface excitations account for (1) additional features, i.e. the excitation of surface plasmons, in the low-energy-loss part of the REELS that are not accounted for by a bulk-only description of the energy losses of charged projectiles in the material and (2) a sizeable

• displays the REELS of 100 eV from Si, where the energy-loss peaks corresponding to the excitation of one surface plasmon, one bulk plasmon, and two surface plasmons are indicated by vertical red dashed lines and labeled, respectively, 1s, 1b, 2s as a guideline for the abscissae scale in the other plots of

• surface excitations (see Figure 2), so that an increase in the simulated deposition rate might be expected (at least for primary energies in the 1–2 keV regime and below). On the other hand, more slow (≤50 eV) secondary electrons will be available from the decay of surface plasmons [56] excited by either

Attenuation, dispersion and nonlinearity effects in graphene-based waveguides

• Almir Wirth Lima Jr.,
• João Cesar Moura Mota and
• Antonio Sergio Bezerra Sombra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1221–1228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.125

• ]. Recent reports showed that it is possible to couple the radiation emitted by a transmitter (located above and to the side, but in the same plane of the graphene sheet) with the surface plasmons (SPs) present on a graphene sheet [9]. Other experiments showed the characteristics of GSPP guided modes, with

• . Similarly, the dispersion relation for the TE modes is given by: Since the wave vectors of the surface plasmons polaritons in a graphene/dielectric surface (GSPPs) have high values, we can conclude that these modes are very well confined in the graphene nanoribbon. Previous studies have shown that GSPPs can

Polymer blend lithography for metal films: large-area patterning with over 1 billion holes/inch²

• Cheng Huang,
• Alexander Förste,
• Stefan Walheim and
• Thomas Schimmel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1205–1211, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.123

• lithography can be used as wavelength-selective optical filters [25]. The photons couple to surface plasmons on the incident side of a nanohole film. These surface plasmons convert back to photons after they propagate through the holes to the opposite side of the film [26]. In recent years, also the colloidal

• plasmonic resonance; metal islands; metal nanostructures; metal polymer blend lithography (metal PBL); nano-patterned template; nanoscale discs; optical transmission; perforated metal film; polymer phase separation; poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA); polystyrene (PS); self-assembly; spin-coating; surface

• plasmons; Introduction Research on micro-/nano-sized island arrays and perforated films has drawn wide interest due to their applications in various fields, such as optical devices [1][2], DNA or protein electrophoresis [3][4], and catalysis [5][6]. Varieties of techniques have been developed to achieve

Superluminescence from an optically pumped molecular tunneling junction by injection of plasmon induced hot electrons

• Kai Braun,
• Xiao Wang,
• Andreas M. Kern,
• Hilmar Adler,
• Heiko Peisert,
• Thomas Chassé,
• Dai Zhang and
• Alfred J. Meixner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1100–1106, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.111

• resolution [3]. For pure metal surfaces [4][5] or organic monolayers adsorbed directly on a metal surface [6], the emission of light originates predominantly from the radiative decay of localized surface plasmons (LSP) excited by inelastic electron tunneling (IET) as the direct luminescence of the molecules

Synergic combination of the sol–gel method with dip coating for plasmonic devices

• Cristiana Figus,
• Maddalena Patrini,
• Francesco Floris,
• Lucia Fornasari,
• Paola Pellacani,
• Gerardo Marchesini,
• Andrea Valsesia,
• Flavia Artizzu,
• Daniela Marongiu,
• Michele Saba,
• Franco Marabelli,
• Andrea Mura,
• Giovanni Bongiovanni and
• Francesco Quochi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 500–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.52

• at a metal–dielectric interface [1][2][3][4][5]. Recently, due to such remarkable properties, biosensing technologies based on plasmonic nanostructures have attracted significant attention, particularly in the development of label-free sensors [6][7][8]. It is well known that surface plasmons (SPs

• ) are extremely sensitive to the refractive index of the dielectric medium [1][2][9] and the two plasmons modes, surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) and localized surface plasmons (LSPs), can be used for sensor applications [8][10][11]. However, in order to use this technology for sensing of a specific

Hybrid spin-crossover nanostructures

• Carlos M. Quintero,
• Gautier Félix,
• Iurii Suleimanov,
• José Sánchez Costa,
• Gábor Molnár,
• Lionel Salmon,
• William Nicolazzi and
• Azzedine Bousseksou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2230–2239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.232

• of the probe at fixed wavelengths. Active plasmonic devices Currently, one of the most dynamic research area in the nanosciences is plasmonics. Surface plasmons provide unprecedented capabilities for manipulating electromagnetic waves at the nanoscale and have opened the door to unique photonic

Growth and characterization of CNT–TiO₂ heterostructures

• Yucheng Zhang,
• Ivo Utke,
• Johann Michler,
• Gabriele Ilari,
• Marta D. Rossell and
• Rolf Erni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 946–955, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.108

• extracted from the low-loss region by using a Kramers–Kronig analysis and its energy dependence can be measured at wavelengths beyond optical methods. However, the low-loss signals are complicated by other inelastic processes such as surface plasmons and retardation loss due to the Čerenkov emission, such

Nanostructure sensitization of transition metal oxides for visible-light photocatalysis

• Hongjun Chen and
• Lianzhou Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 696–710, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.82

• nanoparticles–Fe2O3 [69][82][83], gold nanoparticle–ZnO nanorods [68], gold nanorod–TiO2 [70][71][84], gold nanoparticles–TiO2 nanotube [66][72]. For more details, readers may refer to recent excellent reviews for basic principle and detailed effects of localized surface plasmons on transition metal oxides [85

Optical near-fields & nearfield optics

• Alfred J. Meixner and
• Paul Leiderer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 186–187, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.19

• , because they support surface plasmons, i.e., collective excitations of the electron gas, which couple strongly to light. As a result, the optical near-field around such plasmonic structures can be enhanced by orders of magnitude compared to the incident light intensity, and can be localized in “hot spots

Probing the plasmonic near-field by one- and two-photon excited surface enhanced Raman scattering

• Katrin Kneipp and
• Harald Kneipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 834–842, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.94

• . Keywords: near-field; plasmonics; silver nanoaggregates; single molecule; surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS); Introduction The resonance frequencies of collective oscillations of the electrons in the conduction band in metal nanostructures, which are called surface plasmons, fall in the optical

• range of the electromagnetic spectrum. This results in a strong coupling between incident light and surface plasmons. The interaction gives rise not only to beautifully colored glass windows in old cathedrals but also to strongly enhanced and spatially highly confined local fields in the vicinity of

• variations. However, surface plasmons can be also excited by low energy [12] and high energy electrons [13][14]. Therefore, as an alternative to optical methods, electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) is emerging as a novel tool to probe plasmonic near-fields of metal nanostructures at nanometer

k-space imaging of the eigenmodes of sharp gold tapers for scanning near-field optical microscopy

• Martin Esmann,
• Simon F. Becker,
• Bernard B. da Cunha,
• Jens H. Brauer,
• Ralf Vogelgesang,
• Petra Groß and
• Christoph Lienau

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 603–610, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.67

• -subwavelength radius of curvature, these modes tend to be spatially confined and are called localized surface plasmons (LSPs). During recent years, experimental realizations of SPP guiding in sub-wavelength dimensions [1] and the transformation of propagating SPPs into LSPs have drawn tremendous attention

Mapping of plasmonic resonances in nanotriangles

• Simon Dickreuter,
• Julia Gleixner,
• Andreas Kolloch,
• Johannes Boneberg,
• Elke Scheer and
• Paul Leiderer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 588–602, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.66

• . Keywords: ablation; FDTD simulations; field enhancement; nanotriangles; near field; surface plasmons; Introduction Considering classical optics, light cannot be focused to a scale much smaller than half its wavelength. This phenomenon, commonly known as “diffraction limit”, represents a major obstacle in

Characterization and properties of micro- and nanowires of controlled size, composition, and geometry fabricated by electrodeposition and ion-track technology

• Maria Eugenia Toimil-Molares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 860–883, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.97

Assessing the plasmonics of gold nano-triangles with higher order laser modes

• Laura E. Hennemann,
• Andreas Kolloch,
• Andreas Kern,
• Josip Mihaljevic,
• Johannes Boneberg,
• Paul Leiderer,
• Alfred J. Meixner and
• Dai Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 674–683, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.77

• laser modes; localised surface plasmons; near field; surface-enhanced Raman scattering; Introduction The interaction of light and matter is especially intriguing in those cases where the size of the matter particle is comparable to or smaller than the wavelength of the light. When illuminating metallic

• nano-particles with light of a matching frequency, particle plasmons (also called plasmon polaritons or localised surface plasmons, LSP) can be created and investigated [1]. These quantised collective oscillations of the electrons in the metal have been at the centre of a relatively recent field of

Highly efficient ZnO/Au Schottky barrier dye-sensitized solar cells: Role of gold nanoparticles on the charge-transfer process

• Tanujjal Bora,
• Htet H. Kyaw,
• Soumik Sarkar,
• Samir K. Pal and
• Joydeep Dutta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 681–690, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.73

• nanorods. The optical absorptions of the ZnO-nanorod and ZnO/Au-nanocomposite photoelectrode are shown in Figure 2a. Due to the absorption by surface plasmons in the Au nanoparticles, a higher optical absorption of the ZnO/Au-nanocomposite photoelectrode near 520 nm was observed. The optical absorption by

• higher Jsc (82.46 μA/cm2) as well as Voc (0.39 V) compared to the bare ZnO-nanorod solar cell, which is mainly attributed to the higher optical absorption of the ZnO/Au photoelectrode due to the absorption by surface plasmons in Au nanoparticles. In the case of the ZnO/Au solar cells without any

• -nanocomposite DSSCs measured at different incident wavelengths are shown. Due to the absorption by surface plasmons in the Au nanoparticles, an improved photocurrent response was observed above 500 nm illumination in the case of the ZnO/Au-nanocomposite DSSC compared to the bare ZnO-nanorod DSSC. The ZnO/Au

Towards multiple readout application of plasmonic arrays

• Dana Cialla,
• Karina Weber,
• René Böhme,
• Uwe Hübner,
• Henrik Schneidewind,
• Matthias Zeisberger,
• Roland Mattheis,
• Robert Möller and
• Jürgen Popp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2011, 2, 501–508, doi:10.3762/bjnano.2.54

• periodically patterned gold surface. (B) Due to the interaction of the incident light with a metallic nanoparticle, surface plasmons are generated on the metal dielectric interface yielding a strong electromagnetic field with an evanescent decay on the nanoparticle surface. The strong electromagnetic field