Molecular assemblies on surfaces: towards physical and electronic decoupling of organic molecules

• Sabine Maier and
• Meike Stöhr

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 950–956, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.71

• with the ones of the metallic/semiconducting support is prevented. Thereby, it became feasible to investigate molecular orbitals [17], observe and switch the charge state of individual molecules [54][55][56][57][58][59], and resolve individual vibronic states in single molecules and molecular

The role of deep eutectic solvents and carrageenan in synthesizing biocompatible anisotropic metal nanoparticles

• Nabojit Das,
• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 924–938, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.69

• toxic and considered biologically inert [44][57][58]. Numerous in vitro studies carried out using high-throughput techniques such as microscopic techniques, TEM, and ICP-MS revealed the fate of nanoparticles and their interaction at the interface between the metal surface and cell membrane. Electron

In situ transport characterization of magnetic states in Nb/Co superconductor/ferromagnet heterostructures

• Olena M. Kapran,
• Roman Morari,
• Taras Golod,
• Evgenii A. Borodianskyi,
• Vladimir Boian,
• Andrei Prepelita,
• Nikolay Klenov,
• Anatoli S. Sidorenko and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 913–923, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.68

• vortices may only be induced by the self-field of a transport current. However, for S/F heterostructures they may also be induced by stray fields from F-layers, especially in the presence of domain walls [54][55][56][57][58]. Domain walls also affect the FF phenomenon because they create a pinning

• ][44][45][46][47], this is only possible via stray fields from domain walls [54][55][56][57][58]. This brings us to the following interpretation of the observed unusual MR, as indicated in Figure 2b: The MR modulation has two contributions. The first is the conventional suppression/enhancement of

• ][58]. Domains could explain the observed dramatic variation of MR shapes with T. At low T, Figure 2a, the FF is negligible (vortices are almost immobile) and the MR is dominated by order parameter modulation, leading to appearance of a minimum at low fields. With increasing T, vortices get depinned

Modification of a SERS-active Ag surface to promote adsorption of charged analytes: effect of Cu²⁺ ions

• Bahdan V. Ranishenka,
• Andrei Yu. Panarin,
• Irina A. Chelnokova,
• Sergei N. Terekhov,
• Peter Mojzes and
• Vadim V. Shmanai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 902–912, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.67

• surface coverage of the glass SERS substrates, we used SEM images of the PEI-modified silicon support with analogous NP treatment supposing equal packing density (Figure 3). The surface coverage degree obtained was 58%, that is, 74% of the theoretical value for spherical particles with equal sizes and

• optimized procedure. The surface coverage degree is 58%. Schematic representation of the surface modification of immobilized Ag NPs by thiols bearing differently charged functional groups, and the oppositely charged model analytes CuTMpyP4 and CuTSPP4. SERS spectra of (a) CuTMpyP4 and (b) CuTSPP4 drop-cast

The role of convolutional neural networks in scanning probe microscopy: a review

• Ido Azuri,
• Irit Rosenhek-Goldian,
• Neta Regev-Rudzki,
• Georg Fantner and
• Sidney R. Cohen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 878–901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.66

• , chemistry, physics, medicine, vehicle industries, security, and food industries [36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63][64][65][66][67]. The utility of CNNs in image classification lies in the fact that it uses algorithms that are

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

• [54][55], and brain [56][57][58][59] tumors. Physics of ultrasound Ultrasound is a noninvasive and nonionizing acoustic wave with a frequency above 20 kHz, which is based on the human perception of sound. The range of US frequency used in medical applications varies from 1 to 15 MHz, in which 1 MHz

Recent progress in magnetic applications for micro- and nanorobots

• Ke Xu,
• Shuang Xu and
• Fanan Wei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 744–755, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.58

• Magnetic and electric fields are the main ways to remotely drive and control medical MNRs [58][59]. Compared with other unfettered transmission methods (such as light and chemical fuels), magnetic fields provide biocompatible energy and can safely catalyze MNRs that rely on non-biocompatible fuels for

• propulsion [58]. Catalytic converters that use biocompatibles fuel to move cannot move in biologically relevant ionic media [60]. Therefore, hybrid magnetoelectric drives [13] have become a main structure of MNRs. Table 2 shows several different forms of magnetoelectric concepts. Electromagnetic driven

Physical constraints lead to parallel evolution of micro- and nanostructures of animal adhesive pads: a review

• Thies H. Büscher and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 725–743, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.57

• ][54][55] and ectoparasitic flies are highly modified to remain attached to their hosts and move on them [56]. There are numerous other functional modifications on insect legs, including silk production (e.g., [57]) or prey capturing [58], but one is of major importance for nearly all insects: the

Prediction of Co and Ru nanocluster morphology on 2D MoS₂ from interaction energies

• Cara-Lena Nies and
• Michael Nolan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 704–724, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.56

• for several Con and Run structures, only Co has a total binding energy that is more favourable than the cohesive energy. The most favourable adsorptions for both Ru and Cu are 1 eV less favourable than their respective cohesive energies [58]. Despite this, we have shown that Ru incorporation into the

• for Ru–S bonds), and the Co cohesive energy is larger at 4.39 eV, compared to 3.49 eV for Cu [58]. Ru4 does not have the same preference for tetrahedral motifs as Co4, despite the tetrahedral configuration at site atop_Mo being the most favourable adsorption mode. Nevertheless, clustered geometries

Electromigration-induced formation of percolating adsorbate islands during condensation from the gaseous phase: a computational study

• Alina V. Dvornichenko,
• Vasyl O. Kharchenko and
• Dmitrii O. Kharchenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 694–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.55

• Alina V. Dvornichenko Vasyl O. Kharchenko Dmitrii O. Kharchenko Sumy State University, 2 Rimskii-Korsakov St., 40007 Sumy, Ukraine Institute of Applied Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 58 Petropavlivska St., 40000 Sumy, Ukraine 10.3762/bjnano.12.55 Abstract We provide a

• the most common approaches for mathematical modeling of these processes is based on the reaction–diffusion models [49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61]. This approach generally allows one to make certain recommendations for adjusting the technological conditions for growing thin films

• spatial instability [53][54][55][56][57][58]. The transient patterns realized during system evolution will disappear at large time scales leading to the homogeneous distribution of the coverage field [59]. In order to stabilize these transient patterns the reaction component R(x) can be generalized by

Nanogenerator-based self-powered sensors for data collection

• Yicheng Shao,
• Maoliang Shen,
• Yuankai Zhou,
• Xin Cui,
• Lijie Li and
• Yan Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 680–693, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.54

• ][56], or even human pulse waveforms [57][58]. NG-based self-powered sensors can be applied in traffic monitoring [3][59][60][61], and road and bridge monitoring [4][59]. Data regarding the driving status of vehicles, the operating status of vehicle components, and the driver usage habits are related

Fate and transformation of silver nanoparticles in different biological conditions

• Barbara Pem,
• Marija Ćurlin,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Rinea Barbir,
• Vedran Micek,
• Raluca M. Fratila,
• Jesus M. de la Fuente and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 665–679, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.53

• bound to C7). This possibly implies the formation of oxidised glutathione (GSSG), as noted in our previous work [56]. The most significant changes observed were the broadening of the peaks and loss of resolution, both of which are known signs of ligand binding to the NP surface [57][58][59]. Therefore

A review of defect engineering, ion implantation, and nanofabrication using the helium ion microscope

• Frances I. Allen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 633–664, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.52

• increasing dose the ferroelectric domains were gradually destroyed [57]. Optical properties In early work concerned with tuning optical properties with the HIM, arrays of nitrogen-vacancy centers were fabricated in diamond [58][59]. Starting with a diamond sample that already contained substitutional

Nanoporous and nonporous conjugated donor–acceptor polymer semiconductors for photocatalytic hydrogen production

• Zhao-Qi Sheng,
• Yu-Qin Xing,
• Yan Chen,
• Guang Zhang,
• Shi-Yong Liu and
• Long Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 607–623, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.50

• ). Interestingly, different from the above examples, the pyrimidine-containing P30 (18.7 μmol·h−1, 50 mg) exhibited a much higher HER than P31 with pyrazine moieties (8.6 μmol·h−1, 50 mg). Lotsch et al. [58] also developed several pyrene-based COFs with peripheral nitrogen-containing or nitrogen-free aromatic

Stability and activity of platinum nanoparticles in the oxygen electroreduction reaction: is size or uniformity of primary importance?

• Kirill O. Paperzh,
• Anastasia A. Alekseenko,
• Vadim A. Volochaev,
• Ilya V. Pankov,
• Olga A. Safronenko and
• Vladimir E. Guterman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 593–606, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.49

• one or more intersections with "neighbors" increases in the series: G20 (43%) < G30 (52%) < G40 (58%) ≤ JM20 (60%) < JM40 (74%). It is important that, due to the large average size and average mass of NPs in commercial samples, the specific number of such particles is somewhat smaller, and the average

Impact of GaAs(100) surface preparation on EQE of AZO/Al₂O₃/p-GaAs photovoltaic structures

• Piotr Caban,
• Rafał Pietruszka,
• Jarosław Kaszewski,
• Monika Ożga,
• Bartłomiej S. Witkowski,
• Krzysztof Kopalko,
• Piotr Kuźmiuk,
• Katarzyna Gwóźdź,
• Ewa Płaczek-Popko,
• Krystyna Lawniczak-Jablonska and
• Marek Godlewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 578–592, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.48

• 4 μm2). AFM (left panels), SEM top views (right panels), and cross-sections (insets) of B-type samples (the RMS refers to an area of 4 μm2). (a–h) A2 spectra after 58 (a–d) and 76 min (e–h) of sputtering. (i–p) B1 spectra after 35 (i–l) and 54 min (m–p) of sputtering. The dots represent experimental

The preparation temperature influences the physicochemical nature and activity of nanoceria

• Robert A. Yokel,
• Wendel Wohlleben,
• Johannes Georg Keller,
• Matthew L. Hancock,
• Jason M. Unrine,
• D. Allan Butterfield and
• Eric A. Grulke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 525–540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.43

• from a liquid or gas phase. If NM-212 was exposed to a high temperature it would be expected to have less surface Ce3+ [58], which is the case (Supporting Information File 1, Table S1), and show slow dissolution, as was seen with NM-212 and the calcined solvothermally synthesized nanoceria. The cerium

Interface interaction of transition metal phthalocyanines with strontium titanate (100)

• Reimer Karstens,
• Thomas Chassé and
• Heiko Peisert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 485–496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.39

• components in the N 1s and C 1s spectra are accompanied by satellite components at 1.6–1.8 eV higher binding energy (SN, SC-1, and SC-2). The shape of the Co 2p3/2 spectrum is characterized by complex multiplet structures of the Co(II) ion with d7 electron configuration [39][55][57][58]. The monolayer

• interface interactions observed at both metallic and oxidic substrates [39][40][58][60][61][62]. The lower binding energy of the interface component arises from an electron transfer to the central Co ion of CoPc, which can be accompanied by a backdonation from the macrocycle to the substrate [61][62], in

• multiplet structure arising from final-state effects due to the overlap of Co 2p and Co 3d wave functions. The shape of satellite structures above 780 eV for the reduced Co ion in CoPc is discussed for the CoPc/Ag interface in [58]. Since satellite features in Figure 4c appear in the same energy range as

A review on nanostructured silver as a basic ingredient in medicine: physicochemical parameters and characterization

• Gabriel M. Misirli,
• Kishore Sridharan and
• Shirley M. P. Abrantes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 440–461, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.36

• (AgxO) around the spherical AgNPs after light exposure, observed in the TEM micrograph shown in Figure 4a, confirmed the quicker photo-oxidation process [52][58]. After 40 h of light irradiation, the level of oxidation in cubic AgNPs was about 30%, while it took only 9 h of light irradiation for the

Reconstruction of a 2D layer of KBr on Ir(111) and electromechanical alteration by graphene

• Zhao Liu,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Stefan Peeters,
• Sebastian Scherb,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Maria Clelia Righi and
• Thilo Glatzel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 432–439, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.35

• our previous investigations [56][57], because these corrections often overestimate the adsorption energies on metallic substrates [58][59]. The process of geometry optimization was stopped when the total energy and the forces converged under thresholds of 1 × 10−4 Ry and 1 × 10−3 Ry/bohr, respectively

The impact of molecular tumor profiling on the design strategies for targeting myeloid leukemia and EGFR/CD44-positive solid tumors

• Nikola Geskovski,
• Nadica Matevska-Geshkovska,
• Simona Dimchevska Sazdovska,
• Marija Glavas Dodov,
• Kristina Mladenovska and
• Katerina Goracinova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 375–401, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.31

• mechanisms and increasing the overall therapeutic effect. Still, it is challenging to coordinate pharmacokinetics, biodistribution, and intracellular concentration profiles of individual drugs with different physiochemical and biological properties [57][58]. Hence, current clinical combinatorial therapy

Structural and optical characteristics determined by the sputtering deposition conditions of oxide thin films

• Petronela Prepelita,
• Florin Garoi and
• Valentin Craciun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 354–365, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.29

• that at a wavelength of 430 nm the refractive index of the films approaches a minimum value. The quality of the dielectric materials is also determined by the dielectric constant values. The values of the dielectric constant were obtained by using the Drude method [58][59] and the spectral absorption

Nickel nanoparticle-decorated reduced graphene oxide/WO₃ nanocomposite – a promising candidate for gas sensing

• Ilka Simon,
• Alexandr Savitsky,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Vladimir Pankov and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 343–353, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.28

• material, preadsorbed oxygen adions are released according to the reaction [58]: The same is true for CO [57]: As a result, electrons that were trapped in the oxygen adions return back to the conduction band of WO3. Thus, the resistance of WO3 decreases upon exposure to these gases. An increase in the

Intracranial recording in patients with aphasia using nanomaterial-based flexible electronics: promises and challenges

• Qingchun Wang and
• Wai Ting Siok

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 330–342, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.27

• methods. McDonald et al. [58] conducted a multimodal imaging study to investigate word processing in both healthy people and patients with epilepsy. Twelve healthy participants completed a semantics judgement task while being evaluated with fMRI and MEG, and six patients performed the same task while

The patterning toolbox FIB-o-mat: Exploiting the full potential of focused helium ions for nanofabrication

• Victor Deinhart,
• Lisa-Marie Kern,
• Jan N. Kirchhof,
• Sabrina Juergensen,
• Joris Sturm,
• Enno Krauss,
• Thorsten Feichtner,
• Sviatoslav Kovalchuk,
• Michael Schneider,
• Dieter Engel,
• Bastian Pfau,
• Bert Hecht,
• Kirill I. Bolotin,
• Stephanie Reich and
• Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 304–318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.25

• feature dipole-forbidden eigenmodes [58] with low damping when being excited by the incidence of structured light [59]. First, we focus on comparable tetramer geometries to assess the influence on geometric fidelity and possible ion-beam induced material/substrate modifications on the plasmonic response