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- Published 03 Apr 2018
- 13444 Accesses
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Figure 1: Nanomaterials with different morphologies: (A) nonporous Pd NPs (0D) [9,10], copyright Zhang et al.; lice...
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Figure 2: FESEM of dust particle samples collected (a) during and (b) after the dust storm episodes on March ...
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Figure 3: (a) SEM image of flaming smoke collected during a Madikwe Game Reserve fire in South Africa on Augu...
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Figure 4: (A) Negatively stained rotavirus with complete (long arrow) and empty (short arrow) particles in sw...
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Figure 5: Nanoparticles synthesized intracellularly in algae and fungi. (A) TEM micrograph of R. mucilaginosa...
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Figure 6: Photographs and the scanning electron microscope images of various bio-prototypes bearing superhydr...
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Figure 7: (A) Photograph of peacock feathers showing various colors and patterns. (B) Cross-sectional SEM ima...
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Figure 8: The macro- and microstructure of bone and its components with nanostructured materials employed in ...
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Figure 9: Electron microscope images show how NPs can penetrate and relocate to various sites inside a phagoc...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 13 Jun 2014
- 4330 Accesses
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Figure 1: Trassati’s volcano plot for the hydrogen evolution reaction in acid solutions. j00 denotes the exch...
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Figure 2: ’Volcano’ plots for hydrogen evolution in acid and alkaline aqueous solutions. Note that ascending ...
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Figure 3: Square of the coupling constants between the H1s orbital and the d bands of Pt(111), Ni(111), Cu(11...
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Figure 4: Densities of states of the d bands of Ni(111) and of the 1s spin orbitals of a hydrogen atom at a d...
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Figure 5: Free energy surface for the Volmer reaction on Ni(111) in acid solution at the equilibrium potentia...
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Figure 6: Oxygen reduction on various substrates in acid solutions. Left: logarithm of the current at 800 mV ...
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- Review
- Published 13 Sep 2021
- 4010 Accesses
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Figure 1: Schematic illustration of methods of microneedle application to the skin for drug delivery purposes....
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Figure 2: Schematic showing in-plane and out-of-plane microneedle arrays [53]. Figure 2 was reproduced from [53] (© 2019 X. H...
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Figure 3: Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) image of a 5.3 mm long silicon microneedle fabricated by GCoS. (...
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Figure 4: (a) A schematic representation of the manufacturing procedure for producing γ-PGA microneedles, (b)...
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Figure 5: (a) A schematic illustration of the drawing lithography procedure for fabrication of nickel microne...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 10 Mar 2011
- 3897 Accesses
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Figure 1: (a) Lotus leaves, which exhibit extraordinary water repellency on their upper side. (b) Scanning el...
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Figure 2: Epidermis cells of the leaf upper side with papillae. The surface is densely covered with wax tubul...
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Figure 3: SEM images of the papillose leaf surfaces of Nelumbo nucifera (Lotus) (a), Euphorbia myrsinites (b)...
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Figure 4: The contact between water and superhydrophobic papillae at different pressures. At moderate pressur...
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Figure 5: Measured forces between a superhydrophobic papilla-model and a water drop during advancing and rece...
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Figure 6: Papillose and non-papillose leaf surfaces with an intact coating of wax crystals: (a) Nelumbo nucif...
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Figure 7: Traces of natural erosion of the waxes on the same leaves as in Figure 6: (a) Nelumbo nucifera (Lotus); (b) ...
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Figure 8: Test for the stability of the waxes against damaging by wiping on the same leaves: (a) Nelumbo nuci...
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Figure 9: SEM and LM images of cross sections through the papillae. Lotus (a,b) and Euphorbia myrsinites (c,d...
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Figure 10: Epicuticular wax crystals in an area of 4 × 3 µm2. The upper side of the lotus leaf (a) has the hig...
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Figure 11: Chemical composition of the separated waxes of the upper and lower side of the lotus leaf. The uppe...
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Figure 12: X-ray diffraction diagram of upperside lotus wax. The ‘long spacing’ peaks indicate a layer structu...
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Figure 13: Model of a wax tubule composed of layers of nonacosan-10-ol and nonacosanediol molecules. The OH-gr...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 21 Aug 2015
- 3184 Accesses
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Figure 1: Number of available products over time (since 2007) in each major category and in the Health and Fi...
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Figure 2: (a) Claimed composition of nanomaterials listed in the CPI, grouped into five major categories: not...
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Figure 3: Major nanomaterial composition groups over time. Carbon = carbonaceous nanomaterials (carbon black,...
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Figure 4: Major nanomaterial composition pairs in consumer products. Carbonaceous nanomaterials (carbon black...
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Figure 5: Locations of nanomaterials in consumer products for which a nanomaterial composition has been ident...
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Figure 6: Expected benefits of incorporating nanomaterial additives into consumer products.
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Figure 7: Potential exposure pathways from the expected normal use of consumer products, grouped by major nan...
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Figure 8: Distribution of products into the “How much we know” categories.
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Figure 9: Nanotechnology survey answers on how respondents have used the CPI in the past and how they might u...
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- Review
- Published 09 Jan 2020
- 2795 Accesses
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Figure 1: Mechanisms of CPP uptake. Two main mechanisms have been proposed: direct translocation through the ...
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Figure 2: Model for the initial step of cellular uptake of MPG or MPG/cargo complexes. (1) Binding of MPG or ...
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Figure 3: Mechanisms of endocytic entry into the cell. Reprinted with permission from [53], copyright 2011 The Ro...
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Figure 4: Most commonly used strategies for improving the endosomal release of CPPs. A) Fusogenic lipids, B) ...
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- Full Research Paper
- Published 31 Mar 2015
- 2587 Accesses
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Figure 1: TEM micrograph of the Cu@silica nanoparticles. a) Overview, b) detail of the core and shell structu...
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Figure 2: TEM micrograph of a Cu@silica nanoparticle. a) Bright field, b) dark field.
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Figure 3: TEM micrograph of a Cu particle with an incomplete shell demonstrating moiré patterns where Cu2O ha...
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Figure 4: TEM micrograph of the Ag@Si nanoparticles along with Ag agglomerates.
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Figure 5: Graph of the dependence of the surface tension of Si, Cu, and Ag with temperature.
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- Published 11 Aug 2021
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Figure 1: Schematic illustration of the contents.
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Figure 2: Mechanism of US in synergism with nanomaterials. Generally, the effects of US can be explained by f...
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Figure 3: MB structure and mechanism of action. (a) MBs are gas-filled shell-coated particles that can be dec...
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Figure 4: US-triggered liposomes. (a) Liposomal structure with phospholipid bilayer membrane and an aqueous c...
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Figure 5: Structure and mechanism of action of NEs. (a) Nanoemulsions are composed of a core of hydrophobic l...
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Figure 6: Mechanism of polymeric nanostructures in combination with US.
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Figure 7: Mechanisms of action of (a) gold, (b) titania, (c) silica, and (d) carbon nanostructures plus US ir...
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- Review
- Published 16 Jan 2014
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Figure 1: Simplified representation of suggested degradation mechanisms for platinum particles on a carbon su...
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Figure 2: A) ORR cyclic voltammograms of Pt@HGS 1–2 nm in 0.1 M HClO4 saturated with Ar (black) and with oxyg...
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Figure 3: Electrochemical oxidation of a carbon monoxide monolayer (CO-stripping curves) after 0, 360, 1080, ...
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Figure 4: IL-SEM of Pt/Vulcan 3–4 nm (green), Pt@HGS 1–2 nm (blue) and Pt@HGS 3–4 nm (red) after 0 (top) and ...
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Figure 5: Identical location dark field IL-STEM of Pt/Vulcan 3–4 nm (green), Pt@HGS 1–2 nm (blue) and Pt@HGS ...
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Figure 6: IL-TEM micrographs of Pt/Vulcan 3–4 nm after 0 and after 3600 potential cycles between 0.4 and 1.4 V...
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Figure 7: IL-TEM micrographs of the Pt/Vulcan 3–4 nm catalyst before and after 5000 potential cycles between ...
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Figure 8: IL-TEM micrographs of the Pt@HGS 3–4 nm catalyst before and after 5000 potential cycles between 0.4...
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Figure 9: IL-TEM micrographs from degradation studies on four Pt/C fuel cell catalysts. Pt/C 5 nm (A,B) and P...
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Figure 10: IL-TEM micrograph of Pt/C 5 nm subjected to 1.3 VRHE at 348 K (75 °C) for 16 h in 0.1 M HClO4. A sh...
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Figure 11: A) Dependence of the AID on platinum content for various platinum particle sizes, calculated for a ...
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Figure 12: Impact of catalyst particle size and post-synthesis heat treatment on the normalized platinum surfa...
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