Green and sustainable approaches for the Friedel–Crafts reaction between aldehydes and indoles

• Periklis X. Kolagkis,
• Eirini M. Galathri and
• Christoforos G. Kokotos

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2024, 20, 379–426, doi:10.3762/bjoc.20.36

Green synthesis of C5–C6-unsubstituted 1,4-DHP scaffolds using an efficient Ni–chitosan nanocatalyst under ultrasonic conditions

• Soumyadip Basu,
• Sauvik Chatterjee,
• Suman Ray,
• Suvendu Maity,
• Prasanta Ghosh,
• Asim Bhaumik and
• Chhanda Mukhopadhyay

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2022, 18, 133–142, doi:10.3762/bjoc.18.14

• of green chemistry [21]. The application of ultrasound in “traditional” reactions results in a lower reaction time, higher conversion, and simpler methodology and is termed sonochemistry. Ultrasonication is a modern trend in synthetic chemistry that supports the objective of green chemistry, namely

Ultrasound-assisted Strecker synthesis of novel 2-(hetero)aryl-2-(arylamino)acetonitrile derivatives

• Emese Gal,
• Luiza Gaina,
• Hermina Petkes,
• Alexandra Pop,
• Castelia Cristea,
• Gabriel Barta,
• Dan Cristian Vodnar and
• Luminiţa Silaghi-Dumitrescu

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2020, 16, 2929–2936, doi:10.3762/bjoc.16.242

• that the C-(hetero)aryl-α-(arylamino)acetonitrile derivatives can be considered genotoxically safe and possibly antimutagenic. Keywords: Ames test; α-aminoacetonitriles; ferrocene; phenothiazine; SEM; single crystal XRD; sonochemistry; Introduction Sonochemistry can be considered as a major

Solvent-free sonochemistry: Sonochemical organic synthesis in the absence of a liquid medium

• Deborah E. Crawford

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 1850–1856, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.179

• Deborah E. Crawford School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Queen’s University Belfast, David Keir Building, 39–123 Stranmillis Road, Belfast, BT9 5AG, Northern Ireland, UK 10.3762/bjoc.13.179 Abstract Sonochemistry, i.e., the application of mechanical energy in the form of sound waves, has

• of this, condensation reactions between solid reagents in the complete absence of solvent were carried out successfully by ultrasonic irradiation with the importance of particle size being highlighted. This work increases the potential of sonochemistry in the drive towards a sustainable future

• . Keywords: mechanochemistry; organic; solvent-free; sonochemistry; synthesis; Introduction Mechanochemistry is typically regarded as the grinding of solid reagents in a ball mill (or mortar and pestle), to instigate and accelerate chemical reactions [1]. In recent years, mechanochemistry has evolved to

Ultrasound-promoted organocatalytic enamine–azide [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions for the synthesis of ((arylselanyl)phenyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)ketones

• Gabriel P. Costa,
• Natália Seus,
• Juliano A. Roehrs,
• Raquel G. Jacob,
• Ricardo F. Schumacher,
• Thiago Barcellos,
• Rafael Luque and
• Diego Alves

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2017, 13, 694–702, doi:10.3762/bjoc.13.68

• Biotechnology of Natural and Synthetic Products, Universidade de Caxias do Sul, Caxias do Sul, RS, Brazil Departamento de Quimica Organica, Universidad de Cordoba, Campus de Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain 10.3762/bjoc.13.68 Abstract The use of sonochemistry is described in the organocatalytic enamine–azide [3 + 2

• ; organocatalysis; organoselenium compounds; sonochemistry; 1,2,3-triazoles; Introduction Substituted 1,2,3-triazoles are an interesting class of heterocyclic compounds distinguished by their biological activities [1][2][3] as well as in various fields of chemistry [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The

• organic synthesis (sonochemistry) is well documented and is generally considered as an environmentally sound energy source, comparatively less energy intensive to conventional heating and microwave irradiation, also able to reduce the number and quantities of side reaction products [62][63][64][65][66][67

Camera-enabled techniques for organic synthesis

• Steven V. Ley,
• Richard J. Ingham,
• Matthew O’Brien and
• Duncan L. Browne

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2013, 9, 1051–1072, doi:10.3762/bjoc.9.118

• amination reactions [53][54], photodimerization studies [55], MnO2 oxidations [56] and during phase-transfer reactions [57]. The use of high-resolution cameras to specifically examine physical effects during the merging of sonochemistry and microfluidic techniques, leading to improved reactor design, was

Olefin metathesis in nano-sized systems

• Didier Astruc,
• Abdou K. Diallo,
• Sylvain Gatard,
• Liyuan Liang,
• Cátia Ornelas,
• Victor Martinez,
• Denise Méry and
• Jaime Ruiz

Beilstein J. Org. Chem. 2011, 7, 94–103, doi:10.3762/bjoc.7.13

• , in water instead of organic solvents is an obvious challenge that has been actively pursued [54][55][56][57] with water-soluble ruthenium catalysts [54], surfactants [58] and sonochemistry [59][60][61][62]. Using a low amount (0.083 mol %) of dendrimer, we have induced efficient olefin metathesis