Microplastic pollution in Himalayan lakes: assessment, risks, and sustainable remediation strategies

• Sameeksha Rawat,
• S. M. Tauseef and
• Madhuben Sharma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2144–2167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.148

• . According to Goh et al., these results are especially important for expanding MP remediation technology to industrial applications [43]. Tables 4–6 presents a comprehensive comparison of various nanomaterials explored for MP remediation, detailing their synthesis methods, target pollutants, removal

Toward clinical translation of carbon nanomaterials in anticancer drug delivery: the need for standardisation

• Michał Bartkowski,
• Francesco Calzaferri and
• Silvia Giordani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2092–2104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.144

• CNMs for drug delivery presents several practical and economic challenges. These include high equipment and raw material costs, limited yields, quality control issues, and environmental and safety concerns. Addressing these barriers requires targeted innovation in synthesis methods, improved

Laser ablation in liquids for shape-tailored synthesis of nanomaterials: status and challenges

• Natalie Tarasenka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1963–1997, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.137

• . Despite many synthesis methods are still mainly focused on the production of near-spherical NPs, a number of emerging applications require nanomaterials of nonspherical shape and developed surface, which determine the functional performance of nanostructured devices. Laser ablation in liquids has been

On the road to sustainability – application of metallic nanoparticles obtained by green synthesis in dentistry: a scoping review

• Lorena Pinheiro Vasconcelos Silva,
• Joice Catiane Soares Martins,
• Israel Luís Carvalho Diniz,
• Júlio Abreu Miranda,
• Danilo Rodrigues de Souza,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
• Moan Jéfter Fernandes Costa and
• Pedro Henrique Sette-de-Souza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1851–1862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.128

• energy consumption, and hazardous reducing agents; also, they result in environmental waste, in addition to producing nanoparticles that may be toxic and poorly biocompatible [3][7]. Given the limitations of conventional synthesis methods, the green synthesis of nanoparticles has emerged as a sustainable

• -friendly innovation, particularly in healthcare [30][31]. The economic feasibility and simplicity of green synthesis methods also align well with the resource-limited infrastructure often encountered in academic laboratories across developing nations. India’s high burden of oral and systemic infectious

• . We highlighted that 68.80% (n = 51) of the studies describing nanoparticle synthesis methods employed stirring. Other reported methods included heating (27.30%; n = 21) and cooling (3.90%; n = 3). Stirring is a widely used method in the green synthesis of metallic nanoparticles because it plays a

Current status of using adsorbent nanomaterials for removing microplastics from water supply systems: a mini review

• Nguyen Thi Nhan and
• Tran Le Luu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1837–1850, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.127

• , leading to cellular damage [111]. According to Thirunavukkarasu et al., the interactions between these nanomaterials and other contaminants are not fully understood. While some studies suggest that different synthesis methods can reduce toxicity, they still pose a significant threat to end-users [112

Exploring the potential of polymers: advancements in oral nanocarrier technology

• Rousilândia de Araujo Silva,
• Igor Eduardo Silva Arruda,
• Luise Lopes Chaves,
• Mônica Felts de La Roca Soares and
• Jose Lamartine Soares Sobrinho

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1751–1793, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.122

• permeability, critical factors for effective oral drug delivery, are discussed in detail. Furthermore, nanoparticle synthesis methods that enable controlled release profiles, optimized biodistribution, and improved therapeutic efficacy are also explored. Thus, polymers represent a dynamic platform for

• other and produced through polymerization reactions such as addition, condensation, ring-opening polymerization, emulsion, precipitation, and others [57]. Monomers determine the decomposition products of polymers in the body and, consequently, their toxicity and biocompatibility. This is why synthesis

• methods are developed to control the rapid and reversible activation and deactivation of propagation chains. As a result, polymers with low polydispersity and controllable molecular weights are obtained, generating unimodal NPs with increasingly functional designs and satisfactory release profiles [58][59

Prospects of nanotechnology and natural products for cancer and immunotherapy

• Jan Filipe Andrade Santos,
• Marcela Bernardes Brasileiro,
• Pamela Danielle Cavalcante Barreto,
• Ligiane Aranha Rocha and
• José Adão Carvalho Nascimento Júnior

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1644–1667, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.116

Nanotechnology-based approaches for the removal of microplastics from wastewater: a comprehensive review

• Nayanathara O Sanjeev,
• Manjunath Singanodi Vallabha and
• Rebekah Rubidha Lisha Rabi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1607–1632, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.114

Influence of laser beam profile on morphology and optical properties of silicon nanoparticles formed by laser ablation in liquid

• Natalie Tarasenka,
• Vladislav Kornev,
• Alena Nevar and
• Nikolai Tarasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1533–1544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.108

• certain progress in this field, there is still a need for reliable and controlled synthesis methods for silicon-based nanostructures. Nowadays, pulsed laser ablation in liquids (PLAL) has been recognized as a general and important route for the synthesis of nanoparticles (NPs) with tuned optical and

Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Pooja Raveendran Nair,
• Jithin Kundalam Kadavath,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• M. R. Anantharaman and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104

• has emerged as a powerful approach to fabricate advanced heterostructures and integrated electrode architectures, which are challenging to achieve through conventional synthesis methods in the development of high-performance energy storage and conversion devices [85][88][92][93][94][95][96]. The

Photochemical synthesis of silver nanoprisms via green LED irradiation and evaluation of SERS activity

• Tuan Anh Mai-Ngoc,
• Nhi Kieu Vo,
• Cong Danh Nguyen,
• Thi Kim Xuan Nguyen and
• Thanh Sinh Do

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1417–1427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.103

• experimental conditions, small spherical silver nanoparticle seeds had been almost completely converted into silver nanoprisms. Unlike conventional chemical synthesis methods, the photochemical LED-based approach does not produce fragmented or etched structures, resulting in well-formed AgNPrs. Additionally

The role of biochar in combating microplastic pollution: a bibliometric analysis in environmental contexts

• Tuan Minh Truong Dang,
• Thao Thu Thi Huynh,
• Guo-Ping Chang-Chien and
• Ha Manh Bui

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1401–1416, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.102

• . This underscores the necessity of interdisciplinary research integrating material science, agriculture, and microbiology in biochar–MP–plant interactions. Three primary research trajectories emerge from the keyword analysis: Investigating how different biochar synthesis methods influence

• removal efficiency in wastewater treatment applications. Biochar synthesis techniques and functional optimization Biochar synthesis The synthesis methods for biochar, as illustrated in Figure 4, encompass traditional hydrolysis techniques and modified approaches utilizing materials such as magnetic

Deep-learning recognition and tracking of individual nanotubes in low-contrast microscopy videos

• Vladimir Pimonov,
• Said Tahir and
• Vincent Jourdain

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1316–1324, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.96

• . However, the widespread application of CNTs is hindered by the lack of control over their structure during growth. Therefore, developing highly selective synthesis methods is crucial for advancing CNT-based devices. This requires a deep understanding of the relationship between nanotube structure and

Piezoelectricity of hexagonal boron nitrides improves bone tissue generation as tested on osteoblasts

• Sevin Adiguzel,
• Nilay Cicek,
• Zehra Cobandede,
• Feray B. Misirlioglu,
• Hulya Yilmaz and
• Mustafa Culha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1068–1081, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.78

• exfoliation) and bottom-up (chemical or physical atom assembly) synthesis methods, with chemical vapor deposition (CVD) standing out as a promising approach for large-area production [38]. This study aims to investigate novel, noninvasive stimulation of osteoblasts using commercial BaTiO3 and CVD-synthesized

Insights into the electronic and atomic structures of cerium oxide-based ultrathin films and nanostructures using high-brilliance light sources

• Paola Luches and
• Federico Boscherini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 860–871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.65

• applications. Studies on cerium oxide nanostructures and powders prepared by chemical synthesis methods are quite numerous, and they are typically carried out on systems with a marked and often unexplored complexity [14][15][16][17]. For studies on cerium oxide as model systems, such as low-index surfaces

• refined understanding of cerium oxide-based materials, particularly when examined in the form of well-controlled thin films and nanostructures prepared by physical synthesis methods. Review Studies by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and related techniques Synchrotron radiation-based X-ray photoelectron

Colloidal few layered graphene–tannic acid preserves the biocompatibility of periodontal ligament cells

• Teissir Ben Ammar,
• Naji Kharouf,
• Dominique Vautier,
• Housseinou Ba,
• Nivedita Sudheer,
• Philippe Lavalle and
• Vincent Ball

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 664–677, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.51

• significantly lower than the ratios reported for alternative synthesis methods in earlier studies [15]. In fact, polyphenolic compounds, such as TA, can act as electron donors [15][22], consequently triggering a change in the G band intensity. This change is likely due to the incorporation of electron donor

Effect of additives on the synthesis efficiency of nanoparticles by laser-induced reduction

• Rikuto Kuroda,
• Takahiro Nakamura,
• Hideki Ina and
• Shuhei Shibata

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 464–472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.35

• agents and can form nano- and submicron particles at room temperature and atmospheric pressure, has attracted much attention as a simple and environmentally friendly particle synthesis technique. Laser-based particle synthesis methods can be roughly divided into two categories depending on whether the

Emerging strategies in the sustainable removal of antibiotics using semiconductor-based photocatalysts

• Yunus Ahmed,
• Keya Rani Dutta,
• Parul Akhtar,
• Md. Arif Hossen,
• Md. Jahangir Alam,
• Obaid A. Alharbi,
• Hamad AlMohamadi and
• Abdul Wahab Mohammad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 264–285, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.21

• derivatives possess two notable drawbacks. They are more expensive than other carbon compounds, and their normal synthesis procedure requires using dangerous oxidizing and reducing agents [110]. Therefore, it is crucial to utilize direct, secure, economical, and eco-friendly synthesis methods to use these

Recent advances in photothermal nanomaterials for ophthalmic applications

• Jiayuan Zhuang,
• Linhui Jia,
• Chenghao Li,
• Rui Yang,
• Jiapeng Wang,
• Wen-an Wang,
• Heng Zhou and
• Xiangxia Luo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 195–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.16

• , synthesis methods, and activity [220]. Developing machine learning models for ophthalmic photothermal nanomaterials will expedite the development of high-performance target materials and alleviate the burden of extensive experimental work. Advanced characterization tools, theoretical simulations, and high

Characterization of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized using probiotic Lactiplantibacillus plantarum GP258

• Prashantkumar Siddappa Chakra,
• Aishwarya Banakar,
• Shriram Narayan Puranik,
• Vishwas Kaveeshwar,
• C. R. Ravikumar and
• Devaraja Gayathri

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 78–89, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.8

• with a size below 100 nm are generally considered NPs. There are several drawbacks to the chemical and physical production of NPs. Although chemically synthesized NPs are widely used in medical applications, some chemical synthesis methods involve toxic reagents and produce harmful byproducts, raising

• concerns about environmental and biological compatibility. In contrast, green synthesis methods, which use biological agents, such as plants, algae, fungi, and bacteria, under milder, more sustainable conditions offer a more eco-friendly and biocompatible approach to NP production, especially for

Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles derived from algae and their larvicidal properties to control Aedes aegypti

• Matheus Alves Siqueira de Assunção,
• Douglas Dourado,
• Daiane Rodrigues dos Santos,
• Gabriel Bezerra Faierstein,
• Mara Elga Medeiros Braga,
• Severino Alves Junior,
• Rosângela Maria Rodrigues Barbosa,
• Herminio José Cipriano de Sousa and
• Fábio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1566–1575, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.123

• residues in the environment [30]. Physical methods include laser ablation, UV irradiation, evaporation condensation, aerosol methods, and lithography. High cost, high energy consumption, and expensive equipment make these techniques uneconomical [31]. Because of these disadvantages, synthesis methods based

• biotechnology, and the biological approach has the ability to better control the particle size than chemical and physical synthesis methods of metallic NPs [48][49]. Thus, different species of algae have been used in the green synthesis of silver nanoparticles. In this review, species of brown algae (Sargassum

Green synthesis of carbon dot structures from Rheum Ribes and Schottky diode fabrication

• Muhammed Taha Durmus and
• Ebru Bozkurt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1369–1375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.110

• synthesis methods to obtain CDs from natural products are generally divided into top-down and bottom-up approaches, depending on the carbon source and the process used. In top-down syntheses, materials of desired size and structure are obtained from a bulk material. In bottom-up syntheses, larger

Mn-doped ZnO nanopowders prepared by sol–gel and microwave-assisted sol–gel methods and their photocatalytic properties

• Cristina Maria Vlăduț,
• Crina Anastasescu,
• Silviu Preda,
• Oana Catalina Mocioiu,
• Simona Petrescu,
• Jeanina Pandele-Cusu,
• Dana Culita,
• Veronica Bratan,
• Ioan Balint and
• Maria Zaharescu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1283–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.104

• photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation but also underscore the importance of optimizing synthesis methods to enhance efficiency and reduce energy consumption. These advancements are crucial for addressing pressing environmental challenges and pave the way for more sustainable approaches to water

Intermixing of MoS₂ and WS₂ photocatalysts toward methylene blue photodegradation

• Maryam Al Qaydi,
• Nitul S. Rajput,
• Michael Lejeune,
• Abdellatif Bouchalkha,
• Mimoun El Marssi,
• Steevy Cordette,
• Chaouki Kasmi and
• Mustapha Jouiad

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 817–829, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.68

• , making it a promising avenue for future developments in catalytic materials for pollutant degradation. Overall, these advancements underscore the superior efficacy of the presented synthesis methods, positioning them at the forefront of MoS2 and WS2 nanocomposite fabrication and paving the way for

Synthesis of silver–palladium Janus nanoparticles using co-sputtering of independent sources: experimental and theorical study

• Maria J. Martínez-Carreón,
• Francisco Solís-Pomar,
• Abel Fundora,
• Claudio D. Gutiérrez-Lazos,
• Sergio Mejía-Rosales,
• Hector N. Fernández-Escamilla,
• Jonathan Guerrero-Sánchez,
• Manuel F. Meléndrez and
• Eduardo Pérez-Tijerina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 808–816, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.67

• designed and built by Mantis Ltd., was modified by adding a second magnetron in a different chamber, in contrast to using a bimetallic target, as Pérez-Tijerina and coworkers did [12]. Unlike other synthesis methods, the IGC technique enabled the BNP synthesis at room temperature. Theoretical studies were