Nanoporous and nonporous conjugated donor–acceptor polymer semiconductors for photocatalytic hydrogen production

• Zhao-Qi Sheng,
• Yu-Qin Xing,
• Yan Chen,
• Guang Zhang,
• Shi-Yong Liu and
• Long Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 607–623, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.50

• the para carbon atom of the BT unit strengthens the intermolecular interactions and thus enhances the charge transfer effect among the polymer chains. This is due to the interaction between two p orbitals from the meta carbon atom on one molecule and a N atom on the other. In addition, a methoxy group

Surface-enhanced Raman scattering of water in aqueous dispersions of silver nanoparticles

• Paulina Filipczak,
• Krzysztof Hałagan,
• Jacek Ulański and
• Marcin Kozanecki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 497–506, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.40

• expressed by the κ parameter (see Equation 4) as a function of the distance from the Ag surface for different variants of intermolecular interactions: black squares −Eb = Ew; red circles −Eb = 26 kJ/mol, Ew = 29.3 kJ/mol (Eb = 0.89Ew); blue triangles −Eb = 22.9 kJ/mol, Ew = 30.4 kJ/mol (Eb = 0.75Ew); purple

Interface interaction of transition metal phthalocyanines with strontium titanate (100)

• Reimer Karstens,
• Thomas Chassé and
• Heiko Peisert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 485–496, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.39

• arrangement of the molecules on the STO(100) surface due to the different size of the molecules and/or different intermolecular interactions. A strong repulsion is expected for CoPcF16 with its negatively charged outer fluorine atoms. Further, for CoPcF16, adsorption sites might be triggered by the observed C

TiO_x/Pt₃Ti(111) surface-directed formation of electronically responsive supramolecular assemblies of tungsten oxide clusters

• Marco Moors,
• Yun An,
• Agnieszka Kuc and
• Kirill Yu. Monakhov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 203–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.16

• at elevated temperatures, which allows for an energy contact by agglomeration due to strong intermolecular interactions. After annealing the sample at 900 K, the formation of larger islands is observed. The thickness of these islands is always approx. 0.6 nm, which indicates the formation of a WO3

The influence of an interfacial hBN layer on the fluorescence of an organic molecule

• Christine Brülke,
• Oliver Bauer and
• Moritz M. Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1663–1684, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.149

• ) (1,301.2 cm−1) and the monolayer on Cu(111) (1,312.9 cm−1). Actually, it is rather close to the value seen on Cu(111) within 3 cm−1 (see Table 1). This may indicate that intermolecular interactions between adjacent layers in a multilayer also have a significant impact on the vibrational properties and

• intermolecular interactions and a modification in the interfacial bonding in the ordered domains of the RT state, which form upon annealing at room temperature. We propose that, in particular, the effect of intermolecular interactions is also relevant for the monolayer of PTCDA on hBN/Cu(111), whereas on Cu(111

• ) concomitant changes in the interfacial bonding may play a role, too. The increased temperature induces the formation of ordered domains (observed in LEED). The intermolecular interactions in the domains then cause a change in the structure and charge distribution within the molecule. This in turn increases

Adsorption and self-assembly of porphyrins on ultrathin CoO films on Ir(100)

• Feifei Xiang,
• Tobias Schmitt,
• Marco Raschmann and
• M. Alexander Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1516–1524, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.134

• structures [10]. Different superstructures are observed, which also differ in the type of intermolecular interactions. The structure marked by a white rectangle in Figure 6a, shown in detail in Figure 6b, contains two bonding motifs. The first is the dipolar interaction of CN groups of neighboring molecules

Self-assembly and spectroscopic fingerprints of photoactive pyrenyl tectons on hBN/Cu(111)

• Domenik M. Zimmermann,
• Knud Seufert,
• Luka Ðorđević,
• Tobias Hoh,
• Sushobhan Joshi,
• Tomas Marangoni,
• Davide Bonifazi and
• Willi Auwärter

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1470–1483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.130

• image (0.1 V, 0.2 nA), partially overlaid by structural models. The black tetragon marks the unit cell (lattice vectors a and b) and the white square highlights the intermolecular interactions (see inset). Self-assembly of 1,6-bis(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)pyrene (2, trans-like) on hBN/Cu(111). a) Overview

• intermolecular interactions, represented by the distances d in the inset. Self-assembly of 1,8-bis(pyridin-4-ylethynyl)pyrene (3, cis-like) on hBN/Cu(111). a) Overview image (1.38 V, 0.024 nA). Regular islands were formed after rt deposition. Several rows, each containing molecules in two opposite orientations

Impact of fluorination on interface energetics and growth of pentacene on Ag(111)

• Qi Wang,
• Meng-Ting Chen,
• Antoni Franco-Cañellas,
• Bin Shen,
• Thomas Geiger,
• Holger F. Bettinger,
• Frank Schreiber,
• Ingo Salzmann,
• Alexander Gerlach and
• Steffen Duhm

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1361–1370, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.120

• increase in dH for PEN by raising the coverage was explained by a vertical ordering due to intermolecular interactions [51]. The small coverage-dependent changes of F4PEN showed an opposite trend, but the change in the vertical adsorption heights of the carbon atoms was only 0.02 Å, i.e., within the

High permittivity, breakdown strength, and energy storage density of polythiophene-encapsulated BaTiO₃ nanoparticles

• Adnanullah Khan,
• Amir Habib and
• Adeel Afzal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1190–1197, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.103

• -thiophene (BTO-PTh) nanoparticles. BTO nanoparticles and thiophene (Th) monomer are dispersed in water. Th-monomer molecules adsorb on the surface of BTO nanoparticles through weak intermolecular interactions. The chemical oxidative polymerization of Th initiated by H2O2 and catalyzed by Cu2+ ions yields

A 3D-polyphenylalanine network inside porous alumina: Synthesis and characterization of an inorganic–organic composite membrane

• Jonathan Stott and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 938–951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.78

• , which are growing from the opposing surface region, due to intermolecular interactions. We assume that by increasing the volume fraction of DCM an alternative polymerization mechanism (activated monomer mechanism or carbamat mechanism) takes over, which enables free growing polymer chains and/or

Templating effect of single-layer graphene supported by an insulating substrate on the molecular orientation of lead phthalocyanine

• K. Priya Madhuri,
• Abhay A. Sagade,
• Pralay K. Santra and
• Neena S. John

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 814–820, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.66

• intermolecular interactions on the top layers, influences the orientation of PbPc molecules leading to the formation of a very small fraction of triclinic moieties in edge-on or tilted configuration. Further, electrical characterization of these films in a vertical configuration shows enhanced conduction

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

• strength. Various reactions have been reported to improve the binding strength in order to increase the mechanical resistance and long term stability of the capsules. Several post fabrication treatments have also been used to strengthen the weak intermolecular interactions to fabricate stable cross-linked

High-tolerance crystalline hydrogels formed from self-assembling cyclic dipeptide

• Yongcai You,
• Ruirui Xing,
• Qianli Zou,
• Feng Shi and
• Xuehai Yan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1894–1901, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.184

• introduction of the biopolymers whether the biopolymers were positively or negatively charged (Figure 3C,D). Clearly, the electrostatic repulsion or attraction between the C-WY and biopolymers contributes to the enhancement of intermolecular interactions in the hydrogel, leading to the improvement of the

Precise local control of liquid crystal pretilt on polymer layers by focused ion beam nanopatterning

• Maxim V. Gorkunov,
• Irina V. Kasyanova,
• Vladimir V. Artemov,
• Alena V. Mamonova and
• Serguei P. Palto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1691–1697, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.164

• their reliable electro-optical switching [1]. The reason is of fundamental nature: Anisotropic LC phases arise due to collective intermolecular interactions in the LC bulk that allow for different LC orientations in the laboratory frame. Without external alignment, LC samples are randomly multi-domain

Pure and mixed ordered monolayers of tetracyano-2,6-naphthoquinodimethane and hexathiapentacene on the Ag(100) surface

• Robert Harbers,
• Timo Heepenstrick,
• Dmitrii F. Perepichka and
• Moritz Sokolowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1188–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.118

• of substrate surfaces. This aspect leads back to a detailed understanding of both the intermolecular interactions between the different types of molecules and their respective interfacial interactions to the surfaces. Over the last years, a variety of bicomponent layers composed of π-conjugated

• these layers from the underlying intermolecular interactions, the comparison of the intermolecular charge transfer on the metal surface in comparison with that in the respective CT crystals is of interest. Here we report an investigation on pure and mixed layers of a pair of about equally sized planar

• fluctuations in the STM current when apparently void surface regions are scanned. The occurrence of a gas-type phase is indicative of only very small or even repulsive intermolecular interactions that cannot compensate the loss in entropy related to the condensation of the HTPEN into islands. The LEED pattern

Polymorphic self-assembly of pyrazine-based tectons at the solution–solid interface

• Achintya Jana,
• Puneet Mishra and
• Neeladri Das

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 494–499, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.50

• Supporting Information File 1, sections 1–4. Crystallographic analysis reveals that these molecules crystallize in the monoclinic space group P21/c. In a bulk crystal both the nitrogen atoms, N1 of the pyrazine ring and N2 of the pyridyl group, have intermolecular interactions with the neighboring molecules

• via “hydrogen bridges” (Figure S1, Supporting Information File 1). The corresponding bond parameters for such intermolecular interactions (N···H–C) are listed in Table S3 of Supporting Information File 1. The N···H distances are in the range of 0.25–0.28 nm, while the C···N distances lie between 0.34

• especially important for self-assembly since the adsorbed molecules can move around on the substrate to optimize the packing structure as dictated by intermolecular interactions. For densely packed structures, both the molecule–substrate interaction as well as the intermolecular interactions are maximized. A

Induced smectic phase in binary mixtures of twist-bend nematogens

• Anamarija Knežević,
• Irena Dokli,
• Marin Sapunar,
• Suzana Šegota,
• Ute Baumeister and
• Andreja Lesac

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1297–1307, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.122

• not particularly strong. In the absence of electronic arguments, we envisaged other intermolecular interactions that might promote smectic arrangement. Further analysis of the spectra of the mixture show that the bands of the symmetric and asymmetric stretching vibrations of CH2 units (νs(C−H)CH2 and

Formation and development of nanometer-sized cybotactic clusters in bent-core nematic liquid crystalline compounds

• Yuri P. Panarin,
• Sithara P. Sreenilayam,
• Jagdish K. Vij,
• Anne Lehmann and
• Carsten Tschierske

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1288–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.121

• clusters are formed by the molecular shape and the strong intermolecular interactions arising from the large molecular dipole moments parallel (μ║) and normal (μ┴) to the molecule’s long axis. In calamitics, however, molecules are rod-shaped, and the dipole moment lies either parallel (cyanobiphenyls) or

• normal (difluoroterphenyls) to the direction of the mesogen. The intermolecular interactions provide a basis for the mechanism in the formation of microscopic cybotactic clusters/domains in the nematic phase with C2v or higher symmetries [35][36]. The clusters are composed of nanometer-sized tilted (SmC

Electro-optical interfacial effects on a graphene/π-conjugated organic semiconductor hybrid system

• Karolline A. S. Araujo,
• Luiz A. Cury,
• Matheus J. S. Matos,
• Thales F. D. Fernandes,
• Luiz G. Cançado and
• Bernardo R. A. Neves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 963–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.90

• packing and/or ordering [7]. Previous works have demonstrated that intermolecular interactions can dramatically reduce the luminescence quantum yield in solid-state devices [8][9][10][11][12][13]. In this context, it is important to control the ordering of π-conjugated organic molecules to make their use

Tuning adhesion forces between functionalized gold colloidal nanoparticles and silicon AFM tips: role of ligands and capillary forces

• Sven Oras,
• Sergei Vlassov,
• Marta Berholts,
• Rünno Lõhmus and
• Karine Mougin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 660–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.61

• either Au NPs or silicon substrates (or both) significantly and directly affects the adhesion of the particles and their mobility on the surface [19][20]. Hence, Darwich et al. have shown that the mobility of Au NPs was significantly impacted by the intermolecular interactions between an AFM tip and NPs

• intermolecular interactions that hold large blocks of molecules together and allow stabilization of the thin film by vdW attractions formed between the molecule chains [30][31]. Thus the structural state of the thin film and the packing density represent important intrinsic parameters of the thin NPs coating that

• have strong influence on the intermolecular interactions between the silicon tip and the Au NPs. Adhesion of Au colloidal nanoparticles Freshly prepared NPs were drop-casted onto a silicon wafer and dried as described in the experimental section. Topography and adhesion of the NPs were measured by AFM

Design of polar self-assembling lactic acid derivatives possessing submicrometre helical pitch

• Alexej Bubnov,
• Cyril Vacek,
• Michał Czerwiński,
• Terezia Vojtylová,
• Wiktor Piecek and
• Věra Hamplová

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 333–341, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.33

• liquid crystalline (LC) mesophases (e.g., layered structure on nanoscale) belongs to one of the most exciting but special groups of such smart self-organized organic materials [1][2][6]. These advanced materials are able to self-assemble at nanoscopic and mesoscopic length scales; the intermolecular

• interactions that take place and are responsible for the self-organisation behaviour can be accurately adjusted by a specific molecular design, for example, by creating the mesogenic molecule using various structural or functional blocks [7][8] or even further tuned by the design of advanced LC multicomponent

Patterning of supported gold monolayers via chemical lift-off lithography

• Liane S. Slaughter,
• Kevin M. Cheung,
• Sami Kaappa,
• Huan H. Cao,
• Qing Yang,
• Thomas D. Young,
• Andrew C. Serino,
• Sami Malola,
• Jana M. Olson,
• Stephan Link,
• Hannu Häkkinen,
• Anne M. Andrews and
• Paul S. Weiss

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2648–2661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.265

• terminal functionalities [61][62][63]. Phase separation is driven by stronger intermolecular interactions between one type of SAM molecule vs another in mixed SAMs. The rearrangement and displacement of molecules in mixed monolayers can also be manipulated by choosing other head groups, such as selenols

Adsorption of iron tetraphenylporphyrin on (111) surfaces of coinage metals: a density functional theory study

• Hao Tang,
• Nathalie Tarrat,
• Véronique Langlais and
• Yongfeng Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2484–2491, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.248

• the different conformations are 0.037 eV from S4 to D2d, 0.077 eV from D2d to S4, 0.074 eV from D2d to C2h and 0.055 eV for C2h to D2d. Intermolecular interactions The D2d conformation is the most extensively studied for both the single molecule and molecules in self-assembled 2D islands [16][17][18

Ester formation at the liquid–solid interface

• Nguyen T. N. Ha,
• Thiruvancheril G. Gopakumar,
• Nguyen D. C. Yen,
• Carola Mende,
• Lars Smykalla,
• Maik Schlesinger,
• Roy Buschbeck,
• Tobias Rüffer,
• Heinrich Lang,
• Michael Mehring and
• Michael Hietschold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2139–2150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.213

• [32][33]. Therefore, the difference in β observed between simulation and experiments is attributed to the interaction between molecules and the substrate, which is not included in the actual model. However, it considers the intermolecular interactions within the adlayer quite reasonably as revealed by

High-stress study of bioinspired multifunctional PEDOT:PSS/nanoclay nanocomposites using AFM, SEM and numerical simulation

• Alfredo J. Diaz,
• Hanaul Noh,
• Tobias Meier and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2069–2082, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.207

• and MTM did not produce any observable change in the electro-mechanical response of the material. It is known that pressure can enhance the intermolecular interactions in π-conjugated polymers and influence their molecular geometry [71], thus modifying also their conductivity [72]. However, no changes