A biomimetic approach towards a universal slippery liquid infused surface coating

• Ryan A. Faase,
• Madeleine H. Hummel,
• AnneMarie V. Hasbrook,
• Andrew P. Carpenter and
• Joe E. Baio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1376–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.111

• modification of the PDA film though the formation of a pseudo self-assembled monolayer [19][20]. In this process, molecules that contain thiol groups attach to the newly formed PDA surface via Michael addition [21][22][23]. In this work, we take advantage of PDA to covalently attach fluorinated chains

• square roughness (Rq), a useful metric for comparing surface roughness. The final layer with FDT should increase the surface roughness as only a monolayer is expected to bond. The final value layer of the coating that contains FDT showed Rq values of 70.5 ± 23.5 nm for COC, 46.9 ± 26 nm for Si, and 47.8

Out-of-plane polarization induces a picosecond photoresponse in rhombohedral stacked bilayer WSe₂

• Guixian Liu,
• Yufan Wang,
• Zhoujuan Xu,
• Zhouxiaosong Zeng,
• Lanyu Huang,
• Cuihuan Ge and
• Xiao Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1362–1368, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.109

• interlayer engineering, it is viable to fabricate the 2D ferroelectrics using vdW materials, even when the monolayer exhibits centrosymmetry [15][16][17][18][19][20]. Two-dimensional ferroelectrics constructed through interlayer engineering typically break out-of-plane (OOP) symmetry, resulting in the

• graphene/3R bilayer WSe2/graphene vertical heterojunction shown in Figure 1b. We performed SHG measurements with an 800 nm laser to excite monolayer WSe2 and artificially stacked bilayer WSe2. A stronger SHG intensity at 400 nm was detected in bilayer WSe2 constructed by artificial stacking, which

• confirmed its 3R phase (Figure 1c). To highlight the difference in SHG intensity between bilayer WSe2 of various phases and monolayer WSe2, we controlled the stacking angle to prepare 3R and 2H regions on the same monolayer WSe2 (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2a). The corresponding SHG scanning map

Nanoarchitectonics with cetrimonium bromide on metal nanoparticles for linker-free detection of toxic metal ions and catalytic degradation of 4-nitrophenol

• Akash Kumar and
• Raja Gopal Rayavarapu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1312–1332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.106

• monolayer around the nanoparticles, providing a consistent and uniform surface coverage. This uniformity in surface passivation contributes to the narrow size distribution of the particles. The long hydrocarbon tails of the CTAB molecules extending from the nanoparticle surface create steric repulsive

Dual-functionalized architecture enables stable and tumor cell-specific SiO₂NPs in complex biological fluids

• Iris Renata Sousa Ribeiro,
• Raquel Frenedoso da Silva,
• Romênia Ramos Domingues,
• Adriana Franco Paes Leme and
• Mateus Borba Cardoso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1238–1252, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.100

• medium and kept in an atmosphere of 5% CO2, and 95% air at 37 °C in a humidified incubator. Subsequently, cells were seeded onto 96 well microplates at a density of 1 × 104 cells/well at a final volume of 200 μL and incubated for 24 h to obtain a subconfluent monolayer. Cells were exposed to SiO2NPs at

A low-kiloelectronvolt focused ion beam strategy for processing low-thermal-conductance materials with nanoampere currents

• Annalena Wolff,
• Nico Klingner,
• William Thompson,
• Yinghong Zhou,
• Jinying Lin and
• Yin Xiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1197–1207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.97

• program SRIM (Monte Carlo simulation) was used to determine the heat flux that 5 keV gallium ions (Ga+) induce in skin. 50000 ions were simulated for each incident ion energy. The methods “surface sputtering/monolayer collision steps” was selected as the calculation type. The plotting window size was

Quantum-to-classical modeling of monolayer Ge₂Se₂ and its application in photovoltaic devices

• Anup Shrivastava,
• Shivani Saini,
• Dolly Kumari,
• Sanjai Singh and
• Jost Adam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1153–1169, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.94

• characteristics of group IV–VI dichalcogenides are yet to be thoroughly investigated. This manuscript reports on monolayer Ge2Se2 (a group IV–VI dichalcogenide), its optoelectronic behavior, and its potential application in photovoltaics. When employed as a hole transport layer, the material fosters an

• –k dispersion reveals the investigated material’s key electronic properties. The calculations reveal a direct bandgap of 1.12 eV for monolayer Ge2Se2. We further extract critical optical parameters using the Kubo–Greenwood formalism and Kramers–Kronig relations. A significantly large absorption

• coefficient and a high dielectric constant inspired the design of a monolayer Ge2Se2-based solar cell, exhibiting a high open circuit voltage of Voc = 1.11 V, a fill factor of 87.66%, and more than 28% power conversion efficiency at room temperature. Our findings advocate monolayer Ge2Se2 for various

Unveiling the potential of alginate-based nanomaterials in sensing technology and smart delivery applications

• Shakhzodjon Uzokboev,
• Khojimukhammad Akhmadbekov,
• Ra’no Nuritdinova,
• Salah M. Tawfik and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1077–1104, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.88

• a monolayer of gas coverage. The surface area of nanomaterials can also be determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and secondary ion mass spectroscopy [64][65]. Zeta potential: The zeta potential of nanoparticles can be calculated from the electrophoretic mobility of particles in a particular

Interface properties of nanostructured carbon-coated biological implants: an overview

• Mattia Bartoli,
• Francesca Cardano,
• Erik Piatti,
• Stefania Lettieri,
• Andrea Fin and
• Alberto Tagliaferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1041–1053, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.85

• proliferation. The authors reported a significant improvement of cytocompatibility with the creation of a preosteoblastic monolayer on the coated surface after one week of cell culture. Chen and co-workers [95] investigated the effect of GO coating as antifibrotic on metal implants. They controlled the

Exploring surface charge dynamics: implications for AFM height measurements in 2D materials

• Mario Navarro-Rodriguez,
• Andres M. Somoza and
• Elisa Palacios-Lidon

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 767–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.64

• monolayer flakes of 2D materials is the inaccurate height derived from topography images, often attributed to capillary or electrostatic forces. Here, we show the existence of a Joule dissipative mechanism related to charge dynamics and supplementing the dissipation due to capillary forces. This particular

• , consequently, affect the measured height. To investigate this phenomenon, we conduct measurements on monolayer flakes of co-deposited graphene oxide and reduced graphene oxide. Subsequently, we introduce a general model that elucidates our observations. This approach offers valuable insights into the dynamics

• (a) and (b). (a) Topography and (b) 2ωelec images of rGO and GO monolayer flakes. (c) The top image corresponds to the 3D representation of the topography along the black line shown in (a) as a function of time as Vbias is changed in 0.5 V increments. The bottom plot corresponds to the average height

Electron-induced deposition using Fe(CO)₄MA and Fe(CO)₅ – effect of MA ligand and process conditions

• Hannah Boeckers,
• Atul Chaudhary,
• Petra Martinović,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 500–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.45

• small attenuation of the TaNNN signal, despite being slightly more pronounced as compared to Figure 6a, is still typical of a coverage in the monolayer regime. For example, a carbon layer with homogeneous thickness of 0.2 nm (scenario A) would lead to an attenuation of the TaNNN signal by about 25

Sidewall angle tuning in focused electron beam-induced processing

• Sangeetha Hari,
• Willem F. van Dorp,
• Johannes J. L. Mulders,
• Piet H. F. Trompenaars,
• Pieter Kruit and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 447–456, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.40

• , the FEBIE precursor, adsorb onto the surface and are assumed to immediately form at least a monolayer. They can be dissociated by the distribution of SE emitted around the point of impact of the primary beam, causing material to be etched. As before the etching profile on a flat deposit is taken as a

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• stirring, the obtained Ag NPs-DES were washed with DI water several times, and the pellets were re-dispersed in DI water for further use. The Ag NPs-DES thin film was prepared following the procedure for self-assembly monolayer construction. A clean glass substrate was treated with oxygen plasma to form

Determining by Raman spectroscopy the average thickness and N-layer-specific surface coverages of MoS₂ thin films with domains much smaller than the laser spot size

• Felipe Wasem Klein,
• Jean-Roch Huntzinger,
• Vincent Astié,
• Damien Voiry,
• Romain Parret,
• Houssine Makhlouf,
• Sandrine Juillaguet,
• Jean-Manuel Decams,
• Sylvie Contreras,
• Périne Landois,
• Ahmed-Azmi Zahab,
• Jean-Louis Sauvajol and
• Matthieu Paillet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 279–296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.26

• SiO2 on Si substrates. Then, we discuss the applicability of the same criteria for significantly different DLI-PP-CVD MoS2 samples with average thicknesses ranging from sub-monolayer up to three layers. Finally, an original procedure based on the measurement of the intensity of the layer breathing

• ][8][9] because of a number of remarkable properties [10][11][12]. Particularly, it was found that the properties of layered TMDs drastically change when their thickness is reduced to a monolayer [13][14]. Layered TMD structures have a graphite-like structure with each graphene sheet replaced with an

• transition to a direct bandgap semiconductor with very high photoluminescence quantum yield when thinned down to a monolayer [13][14][15][16][17]. Its unique electronic and optical properties could provide an edge in many future applications. The multilayers MoS2 structures are of the most common 2Hc type

Multiscale modelling of biomolecular corona formation on metallic surfaces

• Parinaz Mosaddeghi Amini,
• Ian Rouse,
• Julia Subbotina and
• Vladimir Lobaskin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 215–229, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.21

• . Despite the high concentration in the milk, lactose does not exceed the mass abundance of specific proteins such as AS1C due to its small size. In our model, it essentially forms a thin monolayer on the surface. Overall, our freely accessible multiscale computational model [26] allows us to make

Graphene removal by water-assisted focused electron-beam-induced etching – unveiling the dose and dwell time impact on the etch profile and topographical changes in SiO₂ substrates

• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Jan M. Michalik,
• Inés Serrano-Esparza,
• Zdeněk Nováček,
• Veronika Novotná,
• Piotr Ozga,
• Czesław Kapusta and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 190–198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.18

• for a monolayer of graphene onto SiO2) measured using AFM, shown in the insets of Figure 1D, agree with the data obtained in studies presenting femtosecond laser thinning of graphene [28]. In addition to the region located below the baseline, we also observe an elevation in the central part of the

• microscope evaluation allowed us to choose flakes that fitted our requirements the best in terms of lateral sizes and number of graphitic layers (optical contrast abruptly changes from monolayer to the bilayer, triple-layer, or HOPG) [37]. The same substrates of separate studies of topographical changes

• e-beam were taken using the Bruker Dimension ICON XR PeakForce in tapping mode in air with image resolution of 258 × 258 pixels and then post-processed with Gwyddion. Graphene flake composed of monolayer, bilayer, and triple-layer graphene after water-assisted etching processes, analyzed using

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• inhibition concentration for MRSA. The release of BBR from PLA nanofiber scaffolds was best fit with Ritger–Peppas models, suggesting that BBR release was mainly controlled by a diffusion mechanism. Additionally, the BBR NPs/PLA nanofiber scaffold did not exhibit cytotoxic activity against MA-104 monolayer

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

• of electrons that this volume has been exposed to is approx. 8 × 1012. Respectively, a monolayer consists of 1.5 × 107 molecules that has been exposed to 4 × 1011 electrons. This corresponds to approx. 35,000 electrons per molecule. Assuming a generic cross section of 10−16 cm2, which is on the order

• of magnitude for DI and DEA of the FEBID precursor Co(CO)3(NO) [49][50] and Pt(PF3)4 [51], the reactive area of this monolayer is 0.15 μm2. Statistically, this implies approx. 300 reactive incidents per molecule if the cross section is assumed to stay unchanged. This is clearly not a quantitative

• monolayer is high. This could be probed in a non-steady-state experiment similar to those reported for Pt(CO)2X2 (X = Cl, Br) and several other potential FEBID precursors [57]. Conclusion In the current study, we evaluated the performance of [Au(CH3

Isolation of cubic Si₃P₄ in the form of nanocrystals

• Polina K. Nikiforova,
• Sergei S. Bubenov,
• Vadim B. Platonov,
• Andrey S. Kumskov,
• Nikolay N. Kononov,
• Tatyana A. Kuznetsova and
• Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 971–979, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.80

• microcircuits through the introduction of P donors by diffusion doping of wafers with an efficiency comparable to monolayer doping [18] or ion implantation [19]. This paper outlines the successful formation of the cubic Si3P4 phase under mild conditions. The technique developed for this investigation requires

Two-dimensional molecular networks at the solid/liquid interface and the role of alkyl chains in their building blocks

• Suyi Liu,
• Yasuo Norikane and
• Yoshihiro Kikkawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 872–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.72

• different, forming parallel and V-shaped arrangements, respectively. A wheat-like structure was observed in the 2-HA-OC15 monolayer (Figure 11a–c), containing three different orientations of anthraquinone head groups (arrows A, A′, and B in Figure 11a,b). Lines A and A′ exhibited a V-shaped orientation of

• was observed in the monolayer via self-assembly in (R)-2-octanol (Figure 14b,f). The induction of chirality was greater than 90% of the surface, and the CW and CCW domains were equally created when racemic 2-octanol was used. A pair of chiral solvents and DBA molecules formed upon interaction were

• extension (Figure 16a). However, the meso-alkyne-substituted porphyrin (P-A) could be co-planar (Figure 16b). Therefore, P-A could form fully covered monolayers, even at a lower concentrations than P-N. This result suggests that alkynyl linkers contribute more to the monolayer stabilization of porphyrin

N-Heterocyclic carbene-based gold etchants

• Robert B. Chevalier,
• Justin Pantano,
• Matthew K. Kiesewetter and
• Jason R. Dwyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 865–871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.71

• but also the potential for deliberate etching, with the outcome determined by choice of chemically synthesized organic species and solvent. Keywords: gold etchant; microfabrication; N-heterocyclic carbenes; self-assembled monolayer (SAM); thin films; Introduction Self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) are

• conditions that the thiol-linked monolayer can be exposed to, prompting the development of alternative surface linking chemistry [12]. N-Heterocyclic carbene (NHC)-based monolayers have received increasing attention for their reported stability under a variety of harsh conditions [11][13][14][15][16]. Indeed

• , an NHC-based monolayer has even been shown to protect against thiol displacement on gold surfaces [13]. Thus, in spite of the challenges that can be presented by NHC synthesis [17], they offer appeal even in light of the more general commercial availability of a wide range of thiols. The covalent

Silver-based SERS substrates fabricated using a 3D printed microfluidic device

• Phommachith Sonexai,
• Minh Van Nguyen,
• Bui The Huy and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 793–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.65

• assembled into a monolayer on a liquid/air interface and deposited onto a porous silicon array prepared through a metal-assisted chemical etching approach. By using the developed microfluidic device, enhancement factors of the Raman signal for rhodamine B (at 10−9 M) and melamine (at 10−7 M) of 8.59 × 106

• monolayer of Ag NPs appeared at the methanol/air interface. The PS@Ag substrates were created by depositing a monolayer of Ag NPs on the substrate surface after allowing the methanol to slowly evaporate under ambient conditions. SERS substrate characterization Raman spectra were obtained using a 24 mW laser

• homogeneous results because of the even deposition of the self-assembled monolayer of Ag NPs on the PS substrate. Detection of melamine using PS@Ag SERS substrate SERS spectra of MLM solutions at different concentrations (10−7 to 10−3 M) on the PS@Ag substrates were recorded, as shown in Figure 6a. The Raman

On the use of Raman spectroscopy to characterize mass-produced graphene nanoplatelets

• Keith R. Paton,
• Konstantinos Despotelis,
• Naresh Kumar,
• Piers Turner and
• Andrew J. Pollard

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 509–521, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.42

• lateral size of 218 nm. We did not attempt to give a number of layers for these flakes. Yet, we do note that while the natural interlayer spacing for graphite is 0.34 nm, it has been reported previously that for similarly produced flakes, monolayer flakes had a measured thickness of 2 nm, with each

• additional monolayer adding 0.95 nm to the thickness [25]. Graphite addition Raman spectroscopy results Samples of GNPref with different amounts of added graphite were analysed with Raman spectroscopy. As shown in Figure 2, the spectrum measured from pure graphite is distinct from that of the GNPref with a

Molecular nanoarchitectonics: unification of nanotechnology and molecular/materials science

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 434–453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.35

• creating a self-assembled monolayer of a diacetylene compound (10,12-nonacosazinoic acid) adsorbed on a graphite surface and biased with a scanning tunneling microscope probe [111]. By positioning the probe at a specific site, the polymerization of the chains was induced within defined small regions, and

Overview of mechanism and consequences of endothelial leakiness caused by metal and polymeric nanoparticles

• Magdalena Lasak and
• Karol Ciepluch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 329–338, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.28

• considered one of the best materials with anticancer properties. Most of the administered NPs that end up in the bloodstream interact with the endothelial layer. The interaction of the NPs with the endothelium widens the existing gaps or induces new ones in the monolayer of vascular endothelial cells, thus

• junctions, which are a cluster of transmembrane channels located throughout the vascular system. The intercellular junctions between endothelial cells play an important role in maintaining the monolayer integrity, but they also connect cells in a dynamic and communicative manner [13][14]. Any change in

• important permeability barrier for NPs, which is of key importance for their medical applications [5][14]. The ability of NPs to cross the endothelial monolayer depends on both the physicochemical properties of the NPs and the biology and physiology of the vessels themselves [20]. Understanding the

Structural, optical, and bioimaging characterization of carbon quantum dots solvothermally synthesized from o-phenylenediamine

• Zoran M. Marković,
• Milica D. Budimir,
• Martin Danko,
• Dušan D. Milivojević,
• Pavel Kubat,
• Danica Z. Zmejkoski,
• Vladimir B. Pavlović,
• Marija M. Mojsin,
• Milena J. Stevanović and
• Biljana M. Todorović Marković

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 165–174, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.17

• (obtained from ATCC culture collection) were plated in 96-well flat-bottom plates at a concentration of 1 × 104 cells/well, grown in a humidified atmosphere of 95% air and 5% CO2 at 37 °C, and maintained as monolayer cultures in RPMI-1640 medium supplemented with 100 µg/mL streptomycin, 100 U/mL penicillin

• which MRC5 cells were maintained as monolayer cultures, was replaced with undiluted sample extract (100%), and 50% and 25% sample extracts (prepared by diluting sample extracts with fresh RPMI-1640). After 48 h of treatment with sample extracts, cell proliferation was determined using MTT reduction