Strategy to discover full-length amyloid-beta peptide ligands using high-efficiency microarray technology

• Clelia Galati,
• Natalia Spinella,
• Lucio Renna,
• Danilo Milardi,
• Francesco Attanasio,
• Michele Francesco Maria Sciacca and
• Corrado Bongiorno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2446–2453, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.243

• spreading and coalescence of the spots. As far as reference slide is concerned, in order to minimize effects due to different wettability, stored slide with similar contact angle and very low fluorescence background were used. The background level of the epoxysilane slide does not essentially increase after

Comparing postdeposition reactions of electrons and radicals with Pt nanostructures created by focused electron beam induced deposition

• Julie A. Spencer,
• Michael Barclay,
• Miranda J. Gallagher,
• Robert Winkler,
• Ilyas Unlu,
• Yung-Chien Wu,
• Harald Plank,
• Lisa McElwee-White and
• D. Howard Fairbrother

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2410–2424, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.240

• purification by LAEBID resulted not only in higher platinum content but also in an improved platinum coalescence and a transition from amorphous to graphitic carbon. The net effect of these chemical and structural transformations was a 100-fold improvement in nanowire resistivity, while maintaining a high

• measured by EDS. The Pt atoms in this region could be less susceptible to the effects of subsequent AH exposure, possibly due to Pt nucleation and coalescence in the electron beam purification step and/or a decrease in local heating from the exothermicity of the AH purification step (which would enhance

Ta₂N₃ nanocrystals grown in Al₂O₃ thin layers

• Krešimir Salamon,
• Maja Buljan,
• Iva Šarić,
• Mladen Petravić and
• Sigrid Bernstorff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2162–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.215

• through the coalescence of NPs that were grown in adjacent metallic layers and, consequently, the regular ML structure is destroyed. On the contrary, thicker metallic layers at 900 °C contain smaller NPs and the dmetal/Dz ratio is about two. This indicates that the NPs are still confined within the

Self-assembly of chiral fluorescent nanoparticles based on water-soluble L-tryptophan derivatives of p-tert-butylthiacalix[4]arene

• Pavel L. Padnya,
• Irina A. Khripunova,
• Olga A. Mostovaya,
• Timur A. Mukhametzyanov,
• Vladimir G. Evtugyn,
• Vyacheslav V. Vorobev,
• Yuri N. Osin and
• Ivan I. Stoikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1825–1835, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.184

• charged fragments. The concentration of the solutions leads to the coalescence of the particles by hydrophobic fragments, and the particles are hence considerably enlarged. This results in aggregates that are much larger than those in solution which are visible in the SEM images. Tryptophan is an amino

Process-specific mechanisms of vertically oriented graphene growth in plasmas

• Subrata Ghosh,
• Shyamal R. Polaki,
• Niranjan Kumar,
• Sankarakumar Amirthapandian,
• Mohamed Kamruddin and
• Kostya (Ken) Ostrikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1658–1670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.166

• nanostructures in plasmas are C2 and CH, as well as atomic and molecular hydrogen [26]. The rapid nucleation of nanoislands, self-organization and coalescence between them take place through direct adsorption and surface diffusion of carbon-containing species on the substrate surface [24]. Hence, the commonly

Preparation of thick silica coatings on carbon fibers with fine-structured silica nanotubes induced by a self-assembly process

• Benjamin Baumgärtner,
• Hendrik Möller,
• Thomas Neumann and
• Dirk Volkmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1145–1155, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.116

• atmosphere associated with disappearance and coalescence of the fine-structure (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S7). Variation of the fiber substrate The surface of carbon fibers of which the sizing agent is removed by calcination at 400 °C is attractive enough for the molecular-level interactions with

Investigation of growth dynamics of carbon nanotubes

• Marianna V. Kharlamova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 826–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.85

• can also be obtained by the “cloning growth” and organic synthesis, as described in detail in review [132]. Inner tube growth inside SWCNTs While the coalescence mechanism is generally accepted for the formation of inner tubes from fullerene-filled SWCNTs [133][134][135][136][137][138][139][140][141

3D Nanoprinting via laser-assisted electron beam induced deposition: growth kinetics, enhanced purity, and electrical resistivity

• Brett B. Lewis,
• Robert Winkler,
• Xiahan Sang,
• Pushpa R. Pudasaini,
• Michael G. Stanford,
• Harald Plank,
• Raymond R. Unocic,
• Jason D. Fowlkes and
• Philip D. Rack

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 801–812, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.83

• and a coalescence of the otherwise Pt–C nanogranular material, 2) a slight enhancement in the deposit resolution and 3) a 100-fold improvement in the conductivity of suspended nanowires grown with the in situ photothermal assist process, while retaining a high degree of shape fidelity. Keywords

Influence of hydrofluoric acid treatment on electroless deposition of Au clusters

• Rachela G. Milazzo,
• Antonio M. Mio,
• Giuseppe D’Arrigo,
• Emanuele Smecca,
• Alessandra Alberti,
• Gabriele Fisichella,
• Filippo Giannazzo,
• Corrado Spinella and
• Emanuele Rimini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 183–189, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.19

• layers of a few nanometers in length. The samples were also treated with HF after the deposition and we found out a general thickening of flat regions, as revealed by TEM and AFM analysis. This result is in contrast to the coalescence observed in similar experiments performed with Ag. It is suggested

• papers dealing with dynamic coalescence of metal nanoparticles in liquids [34][35][36]. In a previous work, we found that silver nanoparticles are subjected to Smoluchowski [37] ripening in DHF solutions by increasing their size and decreasing their surface density. For the case of gold nanoparticles on

Fundamental properties of high-quality carbon nanofoam: from low to high density

• Natalie Frese,
• Shelby Taylor Mitchell,
• Christof Neumann,
• Amanda Bowers,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Klaus Sattler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2065–2073, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.197

• individual units which are weakly connected, forming the foam structure. Their interaction is not strong enough for coalescence to occur. The hydrothermal process allows for the variation of growth parameters which may lead to further foam morphologies. The study of the parameter–morphology relationship can

• cases, the micropearls are individually separated from each other. This is different for the high-density foams, displayed in Figure 1c,d. Here, the individual carbon spheres are larger in size and show a strong tendency for coalescence. In particular, Figure 1d shows that the spheres are connected with

• formation of ordered graphitic wall structures. On the other hand, it also leads to extended growth of the micropearls to larger sizes and to the coalescence of the spheres. In disordered carbon, the G- and D-peaks are usually grown together forming one broad peak. In this respect it is interesting to note

Cubic chemically ordered FeRh and FeCo nanomagnets prepared by mass-selected low-energy cluster-beam deposition: a comparative study

• Veronique Dupuis,
• Anthony Robert,
• Arnaud Hillion,
• Ghassan Khadra,
• Nils Blanc,
• Damien Le Roy,
• Florent Tournus,
• Clement Albin,
• Olivier Boisron and
• Alexandre Tamion

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1850–1860, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.177

• energy to reach its thermodynamic equilibrium [1]. Considering chemical syntheses, Jia et al. [7] have shown that the coalescence of initially 4–5 nm FeRh NPs to structures of 20 nm in diameter after annealing is necessary to observe AF–FM transition in chemically ordered NPs. Recently, a strong

• protect the sample from oxidation but also to allow vacuum high-temperature annealing and so to reach the equilibrium phase without coalescence of the NPs. To characterise the structure of the clusters by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), we prepared discontinuous thin layers of NPs deposited on an

Functionalized platinum nanoparticles with surface charge trigged by pH: synthesis, characterization and stability studies

• Giovanna Testa,
• Laura Fontana,
• Iole Venditti and
• Ilaria Fratoddi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1822–1828, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.175

• , such as an organic thiol, is present in solution, it gives rise to a passivation layer that hinders the coalescence and precipitation, allowing the colloidal suspension to remain stable [22]. Among reducing agents, hydrazine and sodium borohydride are the most commonly used but also natural-origin

Three-gradient regular solution model for simple liquids wetting complex surface topologies

• Sabine Akerboom,
• Marleen Kamperman and
• Frans A. M. Leermakers

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1377–1396, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.129

• shape, do not take molecular details into account, and often require the contact angle as input parameter. Furthermore, air entrapment and coalescence [29] cannot be obtained by solving the Young–Laplace equation, and surfaces with re-entrant curvatures give impossible solutions [29]. Phase field

On the pathway of cellular uptake: new insight into the interaction between the cell membrane and very small nanoparticles

• Claudia Messerschmidt,
• Daniel Hofmann,
• Anja Kroeger,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Volker Mailänder and
• Ingo Lieberwirth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1296–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.121

• assume that this large area coverage hinders the final vesicle pinch-off from the cell membrane. The additional silica layer on the cell membrane prevents the intimate membrane–membrane contact necessary for the coalescence of the membrane lipid bilayer at the point of pinch-off. Furthermore, the

Development of highly faceted reduced graphene oxide-coated copper oxide and copper nanoparticles on a copper foil surface

• Rebeca Ortega-Amaya,
• Yasuhiro Matsumoto,
• Andrés M. Espinoza-Rivas,
• Manuel A. Pérez-Guzmán and
• Mauricio Ortega-López

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1010–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.93

• diffuse on the partially melted surface to agglomerate and coalesce and so to form bigger nanostructures. During coalescence, rGO catalytically decomposes producing carbon oxygenated species (epoxide, COOH, C–OH, CO2 and CO) and water vapor [28]. Once the nanoparticles attain a certain size, the rGO

• sheets rearrange at the nanoparticle surface to produce a hermetic rGO coating for Cu2O or CuNPs (Figure 3). It is thought that, at 800–1000 °C, carbonaceous species produced during coalescence could establish carbon supersaturation conditions at the partially melted particle surface, and then to promote

• polydisperse rGO-Cu and rGO-Cu2ONPs were obtained, some of them displayed a highly faceted morphology. Temperatures lower than 1000 °C resulted in particles 5–170 nm in size with irregular shapes. The considerable dispersion in size and shape can be attributed to nanoparticle coalescence, as indicated by the

Templated green synthesis of plasmonic silver nanoparticles in onion epidermal cells suitable for surface-enhanced Raman and hyper-Raman scattering

• Marta Espina Palanco,
• Klaus Bo Mogensen,
• Marina Gühlke,
• Zsuzsanna Heiner,
• Janina Kneipp and
• Katrin Kneipp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 834–840, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.75

• absorption measurements in this study show a band at 270 nm, confirming the existence of Ag42+ clusters, which, via intermediate larger clusters, eventually form metallic particles Agn [27]. From these small metal particles, plasmonic silver particles grow by coalescence [27][28]. The dark red color of the

Orientation of FePt nanoparticles on top of a-SiO₂/Si(001), MgO(001) and sapphire(0001): effect of thermal treatments and influence of substrate and particle size

• Martin Schilling,
• Paul Ziemann,
• Zaoli Zhang,
• Johannes Biskupek,
• Ute Kaiser and
• Ulf Wiedwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 591–604, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.52

• coalescence, growth or Ostwald ripening by annealing can be completely avoided [15]. In the present study we investigate the possibility of a structural (re)orientation of FePt NPs and thin films on a-SiO2/Si(001), MgO(001), and sapphire(0001) after different in situ annealing steps by HRTEM and RHEED

• marked by blue circles belong to the sapphire substrate as above. After annealing at 530 °C for 30 min and 600 °C for 30 min, the vertical width of the (111) feature sharpens, whereas no significant change in the other parts of the pattern is observed. The absence of particle coalescence induced by

• as the absence of any particle coalescence during the annealing up to temperatures of 650 °C. The height distribution of the nanoparticles (right panel of Figure 10) yields an average value of 2.7 ± 0.7 nm identical to the as-prepared value. Thus, thermal evaporation of the FePt NPs during annealing

Characterization of spherical domains at the polystyrene thin film–water interface

• Khurshid Ahmad,
• Xuezeng Zhao,
• Yunlu Pan and
• Danish Hussain

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 581–590, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.51

• were studied and characterized using atomic force microscopy (AFM). The study showed that these domains have similar characteristics to micro- and nanobubbles, such as a spherical shape, smaller contact angle, low line tension, and they exhibit phase contrast and the coalescence phenomenon. However

• films. This study employs AFM and optical microscopy to characterize the spherical-shaped domains that readily nucleate on the PS film after immersion in DI water. The radius, height, contact angle (CA) and line tension are analyzed in detail. The coalescence, stiffness and phase contrast analysis were

• magnitude of the line tension of these objects is several orders of magnitude larger (30 nN to 800 nN) than some of the previously reported values of the line tension for nanobubbles [19][33][35]. However, the magnitude is still within the range proposed in other studies (10 pN to 10 µN) [35]. Coalescence

In situ observation of deformation processes in nanocrystalline face-centered cubic metals

• Aaron Kobler,
• Christian Brandl,
• Horst Hahn and
• Christian Kübel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 572–580, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.50

• rotations, which are accommodated along GBs. Our observations are in line with previous work on NC Pt [34] and NC Ni [45]. Focusing on the large angle crystallite rotations (0–65°), Figure 4b shows the coalescence of two Σ3 boundaries (white/blue dashed lines at 0%) to one Σ9 boundary (white/red dashed line

• schematic shows a single twin domain (T1) in a grain. The twin-in-twin morphology, a secondary twin (T2) developed in the primary twin domain (T1), is shown in the middle schematic. The lower schematic shows the coalescence of two twin boundaries of two distinct twin variant disorientations, T1 and T2

• coalescence of two crystallites with an initial disorientation of ≈4–7° at 0% strain. During deformation (at 1.1% strain), the disorientation between the crystallites partially disappears predominantly by the ≈4° rotation of the lower grain relative to its environment (Figure 5c). Grain boundary migration can

Two step formation of metal aggregates by surface X-ray radiolysis under Langmuir monolayers: 2D followed by 3D growth

• Smita Mukherjee,
• Marie-Claude Fauré,
• Michel Goldmann and
• Philippe Fontaine

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2406–2411, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.247

• oriented 2D crystals, the irradiation induced the in-plane coalescence of these 2D crystals. One then obtains a 2D crystal with a surface area of approximately 10 µm2 with thickness of about 4.5 nm (equal to the X-ray penetration depth) [4]. However, the surface energy of the two surfaces of this platelet

The Kirkendall effect and nanoscience: hollow nanospheres and nanotubes

• Abdel-Aziz El Mel,
• Ryusuke Nakamura and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1348–1361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.139

• region will be more extended within metal B and vacancies will be injected at the interface region within metal A (Figure 2b). The coalescence of excess of vacancies leads to the formation of small voids distributed all along the interface. As the annealing process progresses in time, vacancies will be

• multiple supersaturated vacancy clouds all over the metal/metal oxide interface along the wire axis which, in a further stage, condense and form multiple separated small voids within the metal core (Figure 9b,c) [63]. The coalescence of voids is the final mechanism occurring during the synthesis, which

Tunable magnetism on the lateral mesoscale by post-processing of Co/Pt heterostructures

• Oleksandr V. Dobrovolskiy,
• Maksym Kompaniiets,
• Roland Sachser,
• Fabrizio Porrati,
• Christian Gspan,
• Harald Plank and
• Michael Huth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1082–1090, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.109

• activated oxidation of carbon at the Pt/C interface occurs, leading to the formation of CO and a reorganization and coalescence of Pt nanocrystallites by surface diffusion. The latter, in turn, results in a nanoporous morphology, which is clearly seen in the SEM images of samples B and C in the insets to

Characterization of nanostructured ZnO thin films deposited through vacuum evaporation

• Jose Alberto Alvarado,
• Arturo Maldonado,
• Héctor Juarez,
• Mauricio Pacio and
• Rene Perez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 971–975, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.100

• physical change, and this is correlated to the reorganization of the particles in a preferential way, activating the boundaries of the nanoparticles. As shown in Figure 2d inset, the heat treatment provokes coalescence and the rapid formation of worm-shaped nanostructured thin films. According to Figure 3

• reorganization and coalescence of the nanoparticles and the formation of the worm-shape nanostructured thin films. In these films, a lot of space at the substrate is unoccupied by these nanostructures. Thus, it is assumed that the crystallization is improved when the temperature increases. The shoulder that

Automatic morphological characterization of nanobubbles with a novel image segmentation method and its application in the study of nanobubble coalescence

• Yuliang Wang,
• Huimin Wang,
• Shusheng Bi and
• Bin Guo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 952–963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.98

• of density, covered area, and volume occurring during coalescence under external disturbance. Keywords: atomic force microscopy; characterization; coalescence; nanobubbles; segmentation; Introduction Over the last ten years, spherical-capped bubbles on various hydrophobic surfaces in aqueous

• -range attractive hydrophobic forces [19][20]. The coalescence of NBs on hydrophobic surfaces is believed to form a gas bridge and leads to long-range attractive forces [19][21]. They are also believed to be the reason for the breakdown of the no-slip boundary condition at the solid–liquid interface on

• out. Moreover, the method was applied to evaluate the morphological changes occurring during coalescence. Experimental NB imaging A sample was prepared by spin coating a thin film of PS on a silicon (100) substrate at a speed of 500 rpm. The substrate was cleaned in a sonic bath of acetone and then

Influence of size, shape and core–shell interface on surface plasmon resonance in Ag and Ag@MgO nanoparticle films deposited on Si/SiO_x

• Sergio D’Addato,
• Daniele Pinotti,
• Maria Chiara Spadaro,
• Guido Paolicelli,
• Vincenzo Grillo,
• Sergio Valeri,
• Luca Pasquali,
• Luca Bergamini and
• Stefano Corni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 404–413, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.40

• originated by the coalescence process, in accordance with the experimental observations (see Figure 2). The plasmon resonance linked to the nanospheres and the minor axes of the nanospheroids causes the deep recess (minimum) around 3.5 eV, which slightly blue-shifted with respect to the film thickness ratio