Energy-level alignment at interfaces between manganese phthalocyanine and C₆₀

• Daniel Waas,
• Florian Rückerl,
• Martin Knupfer and
• Bernd Büchner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 927–932, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.94

• Daniel Waas Florian Ruckerl Martin Knupfer Bernd Buchner IFW Dresden, P.O. Box 270116, D-01171 Dresden, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.8.94 Abstract We have used photoelectron spectroscopy to determine the energy-level alignment at organic heterojunctions made of manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc) and the

• the two lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals (LUMOs) is rather small. Keywords: C60; manganese phthalocyanine (MnPc); organic interfaces; photoelectron spectroscopy (PES); Introduction Within the last decades we have witnessed considerable progress in the development and understanding of organic

• and an appropriate electron acceptor is a crucial process. Often, fullerenes (C60) and their derivatives are used as acceptor materials. Amongst the transition-metal phthalocyanines MnPc is exceptional in some respects. Due to the participation of manganese 3d orbitals to the molecular electronic

Synthesis of graphene–transition metal oxide hybrid nanoparticles and their application in various fields

• Arpita Jana,
• Elke Scheer and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 688–714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.74

• scalable and relatively cost effective [14][15][16]. In particular, among all the TMO NPs, titanium dioxide [17], manganese oxide [18], iron oxide [19] and zinc oxide [20] have attracted the most attention due to their particular interesting and advantageous properties. By changing the reaction conditions

• it a promising catalyst for fuel cells. Manganese oxide (MnO, Mn2O3, MnO2, Mn3O4, Mn2O7)–graphene hybrids Pyrolusite (MnO2), hausmanite (Mn3O4) and bixbyite (Mn2O3) are important minerals of manganese. These oxides have attracted great attention because of their environmental benignity and the high

• abundance of Mn in nature. Among all the oxides of manganese, Mn3O4 has been studied widely as an anode material for LIB to achieve higher specific capacities than graphite [120]. Mn3O4 has a spinal structure and is a potentially interesting electrode material as an electrolytic supercapacitor because of

Graphene functionalised by laser-ablated V₂O₅ for a highly sensitive NH₃ sensor

• Margus Kodu,
• Artjom Berholts,
• Tauno Kahro,
• Mati Kook,
• Peeter Ritslaid,
• Helina Seemen,
• Tea Avarmaa,
• Harry Alles and
• Raivo Jaaniso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 571–578, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.61

• last 3d elements, scandium and zinc, the rest of the metals possess several oxidation states. The presence of several stable oxidation states serves as a basis of catalytic activity in redox reactions and is most noticeable for vanadium, chromium, and manganese. In particular, vanadium has the highest

Effect of nanostructured carbon coatings on the electrochemical performance of Li_1.4Ni_0.5Mn_0.5O_2+x-based cathode materials

• Konstantin A. Kurilenko,
• Oleg A. Shlyakhtin,
• Oleg A. Brylev,
• Dmitry I. Petukhov and
• Alexey V. Garshev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1960–1970, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.187

• electrochemical properties (C = 160–180 mAh·g−1 at C/10; U = 2.5–4.6 V) remains attractive until now [2][3][4]. Most of the studies deal with Li(Ni,Mn)O2 with equimolar amounts of nickel and manganese. The influence of the Ni/Mn ratio on the properties of these materials is discussed in [5]. One of the obstacles

Ferromagnetic behaviour of ZnO: the role of grain boundaries

• Boris B. Straumal,
• Svetlana G. Protasova,
• Andrei A. Mazilkin,
• Eberhard Goering,
• Gisela Schütz,
• Petr B. Straumal and
• Brigitte Baretzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1936–1947, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.185

• them with “magnetic” atoms such as iron, manganese and cobalt. Other theoreticians published in that time similar works [2]. It has been predicted that the Curie temperature of such diluted doped magnetic semiconductor oxides can be quite high, even above room temperature. Especially promising was zinc

• growth of single crystals, are well known and well elaborated. It seemed that nothing could prevent the success of the synthesis of ferromagnetic ZnO doped by iron, manganese, cobalt, or other “magnetic” atoms. Indeed first successes came soon. Ferromagnetic ZnO films were synthesised by pulsed laser

• ferromagnetic behaviour of zinc oxide and developed our own method for the synthesis of pure and doped nanocrystalline ZnO films. The obtained data are summarized in Figure 1 for pure ZnO and ZnO doped with manganese, cobalt, iron and nickel [6][7][8][9]. The full list of used references can be found in [6][7

Improved lithium-ion battery anode capacity with a network of easily fabricated spindle-like carbon nanofibers

• Mengting Liu,
• Wenhe Xie,
• Lili Gu,
• Tianfeng Qin,
• Xiaoyi Hou and
• Deyan He

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1289–1295, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.120

• capacity of 875.5 mAh g−1 after 200 cycles and 1005.5 mAh g−1 after 250 cycles with a significant coulombic efficiency of 99.5%. Keywords: carbon nanofiber network; electrospinning; lithium-ion battery; manganese oxide; nitrogen modification; Introduction Lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have been identified

• , transition metal oxides are the focus of intensive efforts for LIB anode materials due to their remarkable specific capacity, low cost and environmental compatibility [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Manganese oxide (MnO) is a particularly good choice owing to its high theoretical specific capacity of 755 mAh g−1, low

• carbon materials can be successfully applied for LIB electrodes. Experimental Fabrication of the carbon network All chemicals were of analytical degree and were used without any purification. A typical procedure is as follows. Firstly, 0.45 g of manganese acetate tetrahydrate (Mn(COOH)2·4H2O), together

Multiwalled carbon nanotube hybrids as MRI contrast agents

• Nikodem Kuźnik and
• Mateusz M. Tomczyk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1086–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.102

• investigations on applications of carbon nanomaterials in bioimaging [4][5][6][7][8][9], e.g., graphene, graphite oxide with manganese residues [10], gadolinium anchored on fullerenes [11], and nanodiamonds [12]. Sitharaman’s and Wilson’s discoveries of gadonanotubes, such as ultrashort single-wall carbon

Microwave solvothermal synthesis and characterization of manganese-doped ZnO nanoparticles

• Jacek Wojnarowicz,
• Roman Mukhovskyi,
• Elzbieta Pietrzykowska,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Jan Mizeracki and
• Witold Lojkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 721–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.64

• 141, 02-507 Warsaw, Poland 10.3762/bjnano.7.64 Abstract Mn-doped zinc oxide nanoparticles were prepared by using the microwave solvothermal synthesis (MSS) technique. The nanoparticles were produced from a solution of zinc acetate dihydrate and manganese(II) acetate tetrahydrate using ethylene glycol

• indication of additional phases. Spherical Zn1−xMnxO particles were obtained with monocrystalline structure and average particle sizes from 17 to 30 nm depending on the content of dopant. SEM images showed an impact of the dopant concentration on the morphology of the nanoparticles. Keywords: manganese

• metallic Mn. Metallic manganese is antiferromagnetic, while many alloys of manganese, in which the average Mn–Mn distance is greater than that of metallic manganese, are ferromagnetic [40]. MnO, Mn2O3 and MnO2 are antiferromagnetic [41], while Mn3O4 is ferromagnetic [42][43]. ZnMnO3 is paramagnetic [44][45

Surfactant-controlled composition and crystal structure of manganese(II) sulfide nanocrystals prepared by solvothermal synthesis

• Elena Capetti,
• Anna M. Ferretti,
• Vladimiro Dal Santo and
• Alessandro Ponti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2319–2329, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.238

• Ricerche, via C. Golgi 19, 20133 Milano, Italy 10.3762/bjnano.6.238 Abstract We investigated how the outcome of the solvothermal synthesis of manganese(II) sulfide (MnS) nanocrystals (NCs) is affected by the type and amount of long chain surfactant present in the reaction mixture. Prompted by a previous

• the surfactants adsorbed on the NCs. Keywords: manganese oxide; manganese sulfide; nanocrystal; polymorphism control; solvothermal synthesis; sulfur; surfactant; Introduction Manganese(II) sulfide (MnS) is a wide bandgap (Eg ≈ 3 eV) [1], p-type, antiferromagnetic semiconductor that crystallizes in

• three distinct phases: cubic α-MnS (rock salt), cubic β-MnS (zincblende), and hexagonal γ-MnS (wurtzite). In α-MnS, sulfide anions form an fcc lattice and manganese cations fill all of the octahedral voids. β-MnS also has an fcc lattice of S2− ions but the Mn2+ ions occupy half of the tetrahedral voids

A facile method for the preparation of bifunctional Mn:ZnS/ZnS/Fe₃O₄ magnetic and fluorescent nanocrystals

• Houcine Labiadh,
• Tahar Ben Chaabane,
• Romain Sibille,
• Lavinia Balan and
• Raphaël Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1743–1751, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.178

• properties. We therefore believe that the synthetic protocol developed in this work may pave a reliable way for constructing imaging probes with good performance and low toxicity for biological applications. Experimental Chemicals Zinc sulfate heptahydrate (ZnSO4·7H2O, 99.99%), manganese acetate tetrahydrate

Influence of surface chemical properties on the toxicity of engineered zinc oxide nanoparticles to embryonic zebrafish

• Zitao Zhou,
• Jino Son,
• Bryan Harper,
• Zheng Zhou and
• Stacey Harper

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1568–1579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.160

• have been noted to contribute to lower viability in cell culture studies with A549 and HT29 cells [30]. Similar morphology effects on toxicity have been observed in studies of manganese oxide, where the sharp points and edges were found to generate more ROS than smooth surfaces [44]. We tested this

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

• Philipp Adelhelm,
• Pascal Hartmann,
• Conrad L. Bender,
• Martin Busche,
• Christine Eufinger and
• Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

• ) are required. Hence, research focused on the preparation and characterization of catalytically active materials for Li/O2 cells is aimed at higher discharge capacities and lower overpotentials during cycling. Various metal oxide materials, mostly manganese oxides (MnO2, Mn3O4), but also others have

Morphology control of zinc oxide films via polysaccharide-mediated, low temperature, chemical bath deposition

• Florian Waltz,
• Hans-Christoph Schwarz,
• Andreas M. Schneider,
• Stefanie Eiden and
• Peter Behrens

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 799–808, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.83

• where highly conductive materials are required (e.g., solar cells and light emitting diodes (LEDs)), ZnO must be doped. Several groups have reported the successful doping of ZnO films with dopants such as magnesium [21], iodine [22], boron [23][24], titanium [25], manganese [26], and aluminium [27][28

Mandibular gnathobases of marine planktonic copepods – feeding tools with complex micro- and nanoscale composite architectures

• Jan Michels and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 674–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.68

• it would be rather difficult to get reliable results. For insect mandibles, many of which are known to contain relatively high concentrations of zinc and manganese [40][41], it has been shown that the metal incorporations increase the hardness of the mandible material [42][43]. Copepod gnathobases

• silica very likely increases the hardness and stiffness of the gnathobase teeth and therefore has a similar effect as zinc and manganese have in insect mandibles. Mandibular gnathobases, diatom frustules and the evolutionary arms race In addition to the presence of mechanically stable silica-containing

Silica micro/nanospheres for theranostics: from bimodal MRI and fluorescent imaging probes to cancer therapy

• Shanka Walia and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 546–558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.57

• fluorescence studies. The size of the particles was found to be 31 ± 4 nm with an emission peak at approx. 620 nm. The in vitro studies with human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) suggested that these NPs could be used simultaneously as fluorescent and MRI contrasting agent. 2.4 Manganese oxide as

• magnetic and organic dyes/iridium complex as fluorescent probe Due to their extremely low longitudinal relaxivity, manganese oxides, though less cytotoxic than Gd-complexes, have only a limited application potential as MRI CAs. Yang et al. [21] reported a chemical process for the preparation of

• magnetically active silica-encapsulated manganese oxide nanoparticles. In addition, rhodamine B isothiocyanate (RBITC) and folic acid (FA) were conjugated on the NP surface. These NPs showed absorption peaks at ca. 570 and 280 nm, which correspond to RBITC and FA, respectively. The MRI studies suggested that

Biological responses to nanoscale particles

• Reinhard Zellner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 380–382, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.37

• used in this study were those of current, wide-spread technological importance, such as metals (e.g., silver, gold, platinum), oxides (e.g., silica, iron oxide, cerium oxide, manganese oxide), polymers (e.g., polystyrene) and quantum dots (II/VI semiconductors). Naturally occurring and industrially

Synthesis, characterization, monolayer assembly and 2D lanthanide coordination of a linear terphenyl-di(propiolonitrile) linker on Ag(111)

• Zhi Chen,
• Svetlana Klyatskaya,
• José I. Urgel,
• David Écija,
• Olaf Fuhr,
• Willi Auwärter,
• Johannes V. Barth and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 327–335, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.31

• diiodoterphenyl 4 was subjected to a cross-coupling reaction with propargyl alcohol in the presence of catalytic amounts of Pd(II) salts, leading to the formation of the intermediary compound 5. This compound was subsequently reacted by a tandem manganese dioxide-mediated alcohol oxidation with in situ trapping

• mmol) in THF (20 mL). Then, activated manganese dioxide (1.1 g, 12.8 mmol) was added. The resulting mixture was stirred at room temperature for 2 h and then diluted with dichloromethane (20 mL). The mixture was filtered through Celite, washed well with dichloromethane, and the combined filtrates were

Comparative evaluation of the impact on endothelial cells induced by different nanoparticle structures and functionalization

• Lisa Landgraf,
• Ines Müller,
• Peter Ernst,
• Miriam Schäfer,
• Christina Rosman,
• Isabel Schick,
• Oskar Köhler,
• Hartmut Oehring,
• Vladimir V. Breus,
• Thomas Basché,
• Carsten Sönnichsen,
• Wolfgang Tremel and
• Ingrid Hilger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 300–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.28

• , was cytotoxic to many cell lines [11][12][13][14], rendering an appropriate coating of gold nanoparticles indispensable for biocompatibility. Metal oxide based nanoparticles such as iron oxide and manganese oxide are ideal tools for MRI applications. They are easy to synthesize and they showed

• was prepared by a seed-mediated chemical protocol [28][66]. 3) Spherical colloids of Fe3O4 (16 nm) and MnO (24 nm) were synthesized by thermal decomposition of iron(III) oleate or manganese(II) oleate in 1-octadecene described previously [67][68]. The metal oxide components of 2) and 3) were coated

• exposure, native), which were set to 100%. DPA: D-penicillamine, MPA: 3-mercaptopropionic acid, CyA: cysteamine. Size effects of the different manganese oxide nanoparticle formulations on the cellular ATP levels of endothelial cells, reflecting activity of cell metabolism. (a) Cells were treated with Au

Manganese oxide phases and morphologies: A study on calcination temperature and atmospheric dependence

• Matthias Augustin,
• Daniela Fenske,
• Ingo Bardenhagen,
• Anne Westphal,
• Martin Knipper,
• Thorsten Plaggenborg,
• Joanna Kolny-Olesiak and
• Jürgen Parisi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 47–59, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.6

• Research Laboratory, Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, 26129 Oldenburg, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.6.6 Abstract Manganese oxides are one of the most important groups of materials in energy storage science. In order to fully leverage their application potential, precise control of their properties

• the different manganese oxides via one route facilitates assigning actual structure–property relationships. The oxidation process related to the different MnOx species was observed by in situ X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements showing time- and temperature-dependent phase transformations occurring

• performance for the mesoporous α-Mn2O3 species. Keywords: electrocatalytic activity; in situ X-ray diffraction; manganese glycolate; manganese oxide nanoparticles; mesoporous α-Mn2O3; Introduction Manganese oxides are a class of inexpensive compounds with a high potential for nanostructuring, which makes

Inorganic Janus particles for biomedical applications

• Isabel Schick,
• Steffen Lorenz,
• Dominik Gehrig,
• Stefan Tenzer,
• Wiebke Storck,
• Karl Fischer,
• Dennis Strand,
• Frédéric Laquai and
• Wolfgang Tremel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2346–2362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.244

• monitored by optical spectroscopy [56][73]. The synthetic route can easily be applied to other material compositions as previously demonstrated by the formation of heterostructures composed out of gold and manganese oxide [39]. Au@MnO heterodimers were prepared using preformed Au nanoparticles as seeds, as

• nanoparticles [75][76][77]. Inspired by the idea of the formation of a complex composed of the metal ion and the ligand, the strategy of direct employment of a metal-surfactant complex was used. For instance, manganese(II)oleate [77] and iron(III)oleate [64][75][78] can be handled easily and safely due to their

• ], the gold nanoparticles were functionalized with 1-octadecanethiol to suppress multiple nucleation of manganese oxide on different crystal facets or surface defects. This surface functionalization was proved not to be necessary for Au@Fe3O4 heterodimers. The morphology as well as the sizes of the metal

Magnesium batteries: Current state of the art, issues and future perspectives

• Rana Mohtadi and
• Fuminori Mizuno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1291–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.143

Model systems for studying cell adhesion and biomimetic actin networks

• Dorothea Brüggemann,
• Johannes P. Frohnmayer and
• Joachim P. Spatz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 1193–1202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.131

• increased by the presence of divalent ions such as manganese or calcium [16]. Cellular adhesion strength is mostly controlled by the intermolecular spacing of the adhesion receptors rather than by their density [17]. This result was obtained from different studies using highly ordered gold nanoparticles

Carbon dioxide hydrogenation to aromatic hydrocarbons by using an iron/iron oxide nanocatalyst

• Hongwang Wang,
• Jim Hodgson,
• Tej B. Shrestha,
• Prem S. Thapa,
• David Moore,
• Xiaorong Wu,
• Myles Ikenberry,
• Deryl L. Troyer,
• Donghai Wang,
• Keith L. Hohn and
• Stefan H. Bossmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 760–769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.88

• CO2 hydrogenation reactions. Earlier research showed that bulk iron and iron oxides catalyze CO2 hydrogenation, producing mainly methane. These catalysts were rapidly deactivated due to carbon deposition [11][12]. Doping with promoters such as potassium [13][14][15][16][17][18], manganese [19][20][21

Ferromagnetic behaviour of Fe-doped ZnO nanograined films

• Boris B. Straumal,
• Svetlana G. Protasova,
• Andrei A. Mazilkin,
• Thomas Tietze,
• Eberhard Goering,
• Gisela Schütz,
• Petr B. Straumal and
• Brigitte Baretzky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2013, 4, 361–369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.4.42

• cobalt demonstrates only one oxidation state Co3+ whereas manganese can possess several oxidation states, namely +2, +3 and +4 [17][18]. Together with cobalt and manganese, iron is one of the most important dopants in ZnO. Similar to manganese, iron has different oxidation states (Fe2+ and Fe3+). This

A facile approach to nanoarchitectured three-dimensional graphene-based Li–Mn–O composite as high-power cathodes for Li-ion batteries

• Wenyu Zhang,
• Yi Zeng,
• Chen Xu,
• Ni Xiao,
• Yiben Gao,
• Lain-Jong Li,
• Xiaodong Chen,
• Huey Hoon Hng and
• Qingyu Yan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2012, 3, 513–523, doi:10.3762/bjnano.3.59

• : chemical doping and microstructure modification. The chemical doping method involves elevating the average manganese ion oxidation state so as to decrease the amount of Mn3+ in LMO, e.g., by replacing manganese with monovalent [6] or multivalent cations [7][8][9]. However, doping into LMO tends to reduce

• excellent cyclability between 3 and 4.3 V but with relatively low capacities <100 mAh·g−1 at 1 C rate (capacity rating) [14]. The silica template used in this synthesis process has to be removed by an additional step, which may introduce impurities to LMO. In order to suppress the dissolution of manganese

• sheets. In this part, the electrostatic force drives the SO42− ions into the spacing between the carbon layers of the graphite electrode and breaks the connection between graphene layers. The second part is the deposition of manganese oxide. In this part, Mn2+ is oxidized and deposited onto the graphene