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Search for "cell viability" in Full Text gives 179 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology.
Gram-scale synthesis of splat-shaped Ag–TiO2 nanocomposites for enhanced antimicrobial properties
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1119–1125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.96
- antibacterial properties of TiO2 in the presence of silver were examined. The formation of Ag–TiO2 NCs was analyzed through various characterization techniques. The cell viability experimental results demonstrated that the Ag–TiO2 NCs have good biocompatibility. The antibacterial activity of the prepared Ag
- obtain homogeneous Ag–TiO2 nanocomposites with a high yield. The prepared compounds were characterized by XRD, SEM, EDS, FTIR and UV–vis spectrophotometry. The cell viability upon exposure to the splat-shaped Ag–TiO2 nanocomposites was evaluated by using the Cell Counting Kit-8 assay. The antimicrobial
Applications of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in drug and therapeutic delivery, and biotechnological advancements
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1092–1109, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.94
- reported no cytotoxicity, when not stimulated, and 15% cell viability in vitro and tumor reduction in vivo when activated by a laser. Horák and collaborators [169] used the toxicity of free Fe ions for antitumor activity. The authors synthesized maghemite nanoparticles covered with poly(N,N
A few-layer graphene/chlorin e6 hybrid nanomaterial and its application in photodynamic therapy against Candida albicans
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1054–1061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.90
- 48 h after being treated with PDT using FLG-Ce6 as the photosensitizer is highly reduced, as shown in Figure 4b. The photoactivation of C. albicans without a photosensitizer does not cause any change in the cell viability, nor does the incubation with any of our photosensitizers without light
- singlet oxygen production. The ascending arrows denote the irradiation time (5, 10 and 15 min). c) Details of the LED excitation source. The LED emission spectrum is centered at 632 nm, as shown on the left, and a scheme of the 6 LEDs array is shown on the right. Cell viability assays. a) C. albicans
Uniform Fe3O4/Gd2O3-DHCA nanocubes for dual-mode magnetic resonance imaging
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1000–1009, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.84
- test their cytotoxicity in vitro [33]. In this work, the CCK-8 assay was performed to measure the viability of L929 cells upon exposure to FGDA nanocubes. Figure 4a indicates that at 12 h after treatment there were no differences in cell viability between the control and groups treated with different
- conclusion, FGDA nanocubes have no negative impact on cell viability or proliferation, which suggests that these nanocubes can be used for in vivo applications. In vivo MRI with FGDA nanocubes as a contrast agent To visualize the contrast and image quality provided by the FGDA nanocubes in vivo, T1-weighted
- panel) and Fe3O4 nanocubes (bottom panel). (d) Transverse relaxation rate, r2, of FGDA nanocubes (black line) and Fe3O4 nanocubes (red line). (a) CCK-8 cell viability test of L929 cells incubated with FGDA at different Fe concentrations for 12, 24, and 48 h. (b) Live–dead staining of control and FGDA
Luminescent gold nanoclusters for bioimaging applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 533–546, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.42
- 6D–F). Interestingly, the NC frameworks led to a higher cell viability compared to [Au25(SG)18]. This is attributed to the fact that smaller nanoparticles produce reactive oxygen species and possibly aggregate in the cellular medium. The superstructures were also found to show excellent
Nanoparticles based on the zwitterionic pillar[5]arene and Ag+: synthesis, self-assembly and cytotoxicity in the human lung cancer cell line A549
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 421–431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.33
- held at the accelerating voltage of 80 kV in scanning TEM mode using an Oxford Instruments X-Maxn 80T EDS detector. In vitro cell viability The characterization of the A549 cell viability changes under the pillar[5]arenes 3 and 4 action was performed by the MTT assay. A cell suspension of 150 μL/well
Brome mosaic virus-like particles as siRNA nanocarriers for biomedical purposes
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 372–382, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.28
- viruses were incubated for 24 h with MDA-MB-231 cells, using 2.6 × 107 viruses per cell. A similar concentration has been used in cell viability tests with CCMV [25][39] and glycol chitosan nanoparticles [40]. The flow cytometry results showed around 90% cell survival after treatment with both viruses
- 7,500 events corresponding to single cells were collected and the Attune Cytometric Software (v2.1) was used to analyze results. For the controls, the same amount of free NanoOrange was used as the one used to load viruses. Cell viability assay MDA-MB-231 cells were seeded in 12-well plates, as
Poly(1-vinylimidazole) polyplexes as novel therapeutic gene carriers for lung cancer therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 354–369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.26
- carrier. The present work aims to synthesize poly(1-vinylimidazole) for the delivery of anti-VEGF siRNA to lung cancer cells and explore for the first time the effect of VEGF silencing on differential expression of genes and on cell viability, migration and chemosensitization. Experimental Materials PVI
- heparin/siRNA (v/v) ratio. The samples were electrophoresed on a 1% agarose gel containing 0.5 μg/mL ethidium bromide at 80 V for 20 min. The bands were imaged using the gel documentation system. In vitro studies Cell viability: The effect of blank polymer and polyplex was determined using MTS (3-(4,5
- incubated for 48 h. The cell viability was then assessed using the MTS reagent as described above. Internalization studies: Internalization of the polyplex in A549 cells was studied with Cy3 fluorophore-tagged siRNA. A549 cells at a seeding density of 105 cells/well were cultured on a cover slip in a 6-well
Phase inversion-based nanoemulsions of medium chain triglyceride as potential drug delivery system for parenteral applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 213–224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.16
- the aqueous Kolliphor HS 15 solution to normal human dermal fibroblasts (NHDF) and mouse embryonic fibroblasts (3T3) was investigated. The impact of the nanoemulsions and the surfactant solution on the cell viability of the two cell lines after 4 and 24 h is illustrated in Figure 7. The viability of
- the cells treated with the different nanoemulsions is depicted as a function of the concentration of the surfactant Kolliphor HS 15. The resulting graphs indicate a similar behavior of all three nanoemulsions and the aqueous Kolliphor HS 15 solution, namely a decrease of the cell viability at a
- slightly lower than the inhibiting Kolliphor HS 15 concentration, an increased cell viability was observed, which might be caused by a stimulated metabolism of the cells. Table 2 lists the mean inhibitory concentration (IC50) of Kolliphor HS 15 in an aqueous solution of Kolliphor HS 15 (second column) and
Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15
The different ways to chitosan/hyaluronic acid nanoparticles: templated vs direct complexation. Influence of particle preparation on morphology, cell uptake and silencing efficiency
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2594–2608, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.250
- , cells were washed with PBS and incubated for 1 h at 37 °C in medium containing 5% (v/v) of MTS solution. Cell viability was measured by reading the absorbance values at 490 nm (Synergy2 Biotek plate reader using Gen5 software) and normalized against the total protein content in each well (BCA assay
- assay, a colourimetric method that measures mitochondrial metabolic activity (data normalized against the protein content, assumed roughly proportional to the cell number). Independently of the preparative method and the MW of chitosan, all formulations had a negligible effect on the cell viability up
- ) Relative cell viability of RAW 264.7 (left) and HCT-116 (right) cell lines as a function of nanoparticle concentrations (0.01–0.5 mg/mL, 24 h incubation). Percentages are relative to the normalized mitochondrial activity of untreated cells. The differences between preparative methods are not statistically
Fully amino acid-based hydrogel as potential scaffold for cell culturing and drug delivery
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2579–2593, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.249
- degradation properties of the gels containing LYS and CYS at different ratios were investigated since these attributes are crucial for biomedical applications. The swelling degree was determined at different pH values and under redox conditions. For biocompatibility studies, cell viability tests were carried
- tissue engineering [49]. Cell viability was assessed using the WST-1 reagent [2-(4-iodophenyl)-3-(4-nitrophenyl)-5-(2,4-disulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] (Roche, Switzerland), while the cell morphology was observed under a two-photon microscope. Moreover, the release kinetics of the model drug metoprolol
- serum (FBS, Gibco, USA), 2 mM ʟ-glutamine (Gibco, USA), 100 units/mL penicillin and 100 mg/mL streptomycin (Gibco, USA). When the cell culture became subconfluent, it was passaged at a ratio of 1:20 using a 0.05% trypsin/EDTA solution. Cell viability assay Before performing the cell viability assay, the
Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222
- utilized for the formulations. After this period, cell viability was indirectly determined by MTT metabolic assay (Figure 12). The viability of Cal27 was significantly decreased (p < 0.05) by the presence of the formulations, regardless of the presence of CUR. This cytotoxic effect was not observed in the
Targeted therapeutic effect against the breast cancer cell line MCF-7 with a CuFe2O4/silica/cisplatin nanocomposite formulation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2217–2228, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.214
- calculation was made for the other doses as indicated in Table 1. Thus, the treatment concentrations used in this experiment for CuFe2O4 were: 0.0084, 0.0168, 0.0336, and 0.168 mg/mL. The treatment concentrations for cisplatin were: 0.001125, 0.00225, 0.0045, 0.0225 mg/mL. Cell viability – MTT assay The cell
- performed in triplicate and the reading of each triplicate was averaged and subtracted from the averaged MTT background control reading. Each condition was compared to the control (no treatment) wells. The following equation was used to calculate the percent of cell viability: Statistical analysis The cell
- cisplatin [20][21]. To overcome these limitations and to ensure specific tumor targeting, cisplatin/CuFe2O4/HYPS nanoparticles were tested. To investigate the cytotoxic efficiency of cisplatin/CuFe2O4/HYPS nanoparticles, we assessed cell viability using the MTT assay. In that assay, healthy cells will be
Incorporation of doxorubicin in different polymer nanoparticles and their anticancer activity
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2062–2072, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.201
- displacement were similarly active as free doxorubicin (Figure 7). The corresponding empty nanoparticles did not affect cell viability in the tested concentrations. The main difference between the doxorubicin-loaded PLGA-PEG nanoparticles prepared by solvent displacement and the other preparations is the size
- streptomycin at 37 °C. The drug-adapted sub-lines were continuously cultured in the presence of the indicated drug concentrations. Cells were routinely tested for mycoplasma contamination and authenticated by short tandem repeat profiling. Cell viability assay Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5
- . Drug concentrations that inhibited cell viability by 50% (IC50) were determined using CalcuSyn (Biosoft, Cambridge, UK). Statistical methods All experiments of nanoparticle preparation and characterisation were performed at least three times. The results are shown as average value with standard
Synthesis and potent cytotoxic activity of a novel diosgenin derivative and its phytosomes against lung cancer cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1933–1942, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.189
- easily. The cyano group in P2 might increase the binding capability of P2 to specific proteins to improve its anticancer potency. Figure 2A shows that Di and P2 could suppress the cell viability in a dosage-dependent manner in A549 and PC9 cells. All the results demonstrated that P2 had much stronger
- 5% CO2. In vitro cell viability Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Cells seeded in 96-well plates at 70–80% confluence were exposed to free drugs (Di, P2) and phytosomes (P, DiP, P2P) at various concentrations for 24, 48 and 72 h. At the end of the treatment period, viability was determined
Engineered superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for dual-modality imaging of intracranial glioblastoma via EGFRvIII targeting
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1860–1872, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.181
- is a primary consideration for clinical application. Therefore, the viability of U87MG and U87MG-EGFRvIII cells treated with NPs and PNPs with different concentrations was investigated using the MTT assays. Even at a high Fe concentration of 200 µg/mL, more than 95% of cell viability was found
Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175
- biocompatibility and fate of nanoparticles in biological systems. A systematic and comprehensive analysis revealed that the preparation of AgNPs and AuNPs in the presence of biothiols leads to nanoparticles stabilized with oxidized forms of biothiols. Their safety was tested by evaluation of cell viability
- reduces or increases their safety. For this purpose, the efficiency of NP uptake, cell viability, apoptosis induction, oxidative stress response and genotoxicity parameters of L929 cells treated with prepared NPs were determined and compared with control cells. A range of NP concentrations were tested for
- results, as presented in Figure 4, demonstrated dose-dependent toxic effects of CYS- and GSH-coated AgNPs, while AuNPs showed no toxicity in the tested concentration range (1–300 mg Au L−1). However, GSH-coated AuNPs decreased cell viability by 20% at a dose of 300 mg Au L−1. The GSH-coated AgNPs
Doxorubicin-loaded human serum albumin nanoparticles overcome transporter-mediated drug resistance in drug-adapted cancer cells
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1707–1715, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.166
- , Supporting Information File 1, Table S1). Effects of doxorubicin-loaded nanoparticles on neuroblastoma cells The effects of doxorubicin applied in solution or incorporated into HSA (0%), HSA (40%), HSA (100%), or HSA (200%) nanoparticles on neuroblastoma cell viability are shown in Figure 3. The numerical
- values are presented in Supporting Information File 1, Table S1. Empty control nanoparticles did not affect cell viability in the investigated concentrations. In the neuroblastoma cell line UKF-NB-3, the nanoparticle preparations displayed similar activity as doxorubicin solution, with doxorubicin-loaded
- cultured in the presence of the indicated drug concentrations. The cells were routinely tested for mycoplasma contamination and authenticated by short tandem repeat profiling. Cell viability assay Cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay
Scavenging of reactive oxygen species by phenolic compound-modified maghemite nanoparticles
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1073–1088, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.108
- nanoparticles (MNPcell) and cell viability were determined after incubation of γ-Fe2O3, γ-Fe2O3@Hep, γ-Fe2O3@Hep-CS-G, γ-Fe2O3@Hep-CS-H, or γ-Fe2O3@Hep-CS-P nanoparticles (100 μg/mL) with L-929 or LN-229 cells for 3 h (Figure 5a,b). In the absence of a magnetic field, the heparin coating enhanced the MNPcell
- , suggesting an increase in the cellular ROS level. Compared to non-treated cells (Figure 6a,h), treatment with H2O2 affected cell viability and resulted in an increase in cell debris (Figure 6b,i). The internalized phenolic compound-modified nanoparticles reduced the cellular ROS level significantly in both L
- presence of the NdFeB magnet. The cells were then washed with PBS and incubated with CCK-8 solution-containing medium (10%) for an additional hour. The optical density (OD) of each sample was determined with a VICTOR3 Multilabel plate reader at a wavelength of 450 nm. The percentage of cell viability was
Effects of gold and PCL- or PLLA-coated silica nanoparticles on brain endothelial cells and the blood–brain barrier
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 941–954, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.95
- –brain barrier using rat brain capillary endothelial cells (rBCEC4). All types of nanoparticles were taken up time-dependently by the rBCEC4 cells, albeit to a different extent, causing a time- and concentration-dependent decrease in cell viability. Nanoparticle exposure did not change cell proliferation
- and lysosomes in microglia [10]. None of the NPs investigated resulted in cytotoxicity, decreased cell viability, apoptosis, autophagy or inflammation. However, exposure to NPs led to oxidative stress via depletion of cellular glutathione and to a downregulation of neuronal differentiation markers in
- neurons [11]. Kamikobu et al. reported that the effect of Si-NPs on cell viability of embryonic kidney cells and primary hippocampal cultures depended on concentration, size and surface charge of the particles. Notably, neuronal cells were shown to be more sensitive to NP exposure compared to embryonic
The systemic effect of PEG-nGO-induced oxidative stress in vivo in a rodent model
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 901–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.91
- and found that treatment with GO can extract phospholipid and cholesterol from the plasma membrane of human alveolar epithelial A549 cells, producing surface pores [50][51]. This effect greatly reduced the cell viability and results in cellular damage and apoptosis, and long-term exposure could cause
Tungsten disulfide-based nanocomposites for photothermal therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 811–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.81
- of 157 µm × 157 µm in the middle of each frame was irradiated with a 700 nm laser (Chameleon Vision II) at 123 mW for 1 min. The same frames were then imaged again. A dye exclusion test of cell viability was performed, using Trypan Blue for staining. A mixture of 0.5 wt % trypan blue solution and PBS
- -NT-CM composite as a photothermal therapy agent. Figure 5 shows optical microscope images taken from a cell viability test of HeLa cells incubated for 10 min with WS2-NTs (d–f), with WS2-NT-CM (g–i), and without any addition (a–c) for reference. Figure 6 shows the percentage of alive, dead, and
- with WS2-NT-CM. However, cell death is more accentuated after addition of the latter (Figure 5i). This is also expressed in higher percentages of dead HeLa cells. For MCF7 cells, the cell viability results are less conclusive compared to HeLa cell results (see Supporting Information File 1). While a
Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79
- demonstrated insignificant cell toxicity (Figure 2A,B) for particle concentrations up to 2.5 × 1010 mL−1. At very high concentrations and after 48 h of incubation time the cell viability decreased to 83% and 76% only for AuNRs-PDA-R123-folate. We attributed this effect to a better uptake of targeted
- the bulk temperature of the solution of sample 3 measured directly in the wells. Thus, a possible influence of NIR irradiation on the cell viability can be attributed to the local heating effect [49] rather than to the total increase of the solution temperature. Depending on the experimental
- ) dyes, coloring live cells in green and apoptotic cells in red (Figure 4B–D). To quantify the efficiency of treatment the cell viability was estimated by using the resazurin assay. After irradiation with the NIR laser for 200 s, HeLa cells treated with AuNR-PDA-R123-folate exhibited a dose-dependent
Surface plasmon resonance enhancement of photoluminescence intensity and bioimaging application of gold nanorod@CdSe/ZnS quantum dots
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 22–31, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.3
- . Photoluminescence lifetime spectrum of CdSe/ZnS and GNR@CdSe/ZnS. The colloidal stability of GNR@CdSe/ZnS@FA. Microscopy images of MCF-7 breast cancer cell labelled with CdSe/ZnS@FA and GNR@CdSe/ZnS@FA. Lifetime data of the samples. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 2: Relative cell viability of
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