Light–matter interactions in two-dimensional layered WSe₂ for gauging evolution of phonon dynamics

• Avra S. Bandyopadhyay,
• Chandan Biswas and
• Anupama B. Kaul

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 782–797, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.63

• substrates were cleaned using acetone, isopropyl alcohol and methanol solution in an ultrasonicator, and rinsed with DI water. Nitrogen blow drying and substrate heating on a hotplate at T = 110 °C for 5 min allowed any residual moisture from the substrate surface to be removed. The micro-Raman and PL

Exfoliation in a low boiling point solvent and electrochemical applications of MoO₃

• Matangi Sricharan,
• Bikesh Gupta,
• Sreejesh Moolayadukkam and
• H. S. S. Ramakrishna Matte

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 662–670, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.52

• boiling point, such as isopropyl alcohol (IPA) [5]. Alternative approaches for obtaining MoO3 dispersions in low boiling point solvents have also been reported. For instance, Alsaif et al. have exfoliated MoO3 in mixtures of water and alcohols (methanol, ethanol, IPA) [12]. In these dispersions molybdenum

Interfacial charge transfer processes in 2D and 3D semiconducting hybrid perovskites: azobenzene as photoswitchable ligand

• Nicole Fillafer,
• Tobias Seewald,
• Lukas Schmidt-Mende and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 466–479, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.38

• temperature. The solvent was removed, and the residue was dissolved in ethyl acetate (EA) and methanol (MeOH) (5:1) and filtered over silica gel. The solvent was removed and a yellowish powder was obtained [61]. The product was characterized by using 1H NMR spectroscopy. 1H NMR (400 MHz, DMSO-d6) n = 1: δ

Nanoparticles based on the zwitterionic pillar[5]arene and Ag⁺: synthesis, self-assembly and cytotoxicity in the human lung cancer cell line A549

• Dmitriy N. Shurpik,
• Denis A. Sevastyanov,
• Pavel V. Zelenikhin,
• Pavel L. Padnya,
• Vladimir G. Evtugyn,
• Yuriy N. Osin and
• Ivan I. Stoikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 421–431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.33

• [5]arene (2) Pillar[5]arene 1 (0.30 g, 0.2 mmol) was suspended in methanol (10 mL). Then N,N-dimethylethan-1,2-diamine (0.26 g, 3.0 mmol, 0.33 mL) was added to the reaction mixture. The reaction mixture was refluxed for 72 h. The residue was dissolved in chloroform (20 mL) and washed several times

Poly(1-vinylimidazole) polyplexes as novel therapeutic gene carriers for lung cancer therapy

• Gayathri Kandasamy,
• Elena N. Danilovtseva,
• Vadim V. Annenkov and
• Uma Maheswari Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 354–369, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.26

• seeded in the upper compartment of the transwell chamber and the lower chamber contained complete media with 10% FBS. After 24 h, the cells migrated through the membrane were quick fixed with 100% cold methanol for 15 min at −20 °C and then rinsed with DPBS. The fixed cells were stained with 0.5% crystal

High-performance asymmetric supercapacitor made of NiMoO₄ nanorods@Co₃O₄ on a cellulose-based carbon aerogel

• Meixia Wang,
• Jing Zhang,
• Xibin Yi,
• Benxue Liu,
• Xinfu Zhao and
• Xiaochan Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 240–251, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.18

• cellulose (MC) (particle size: 50 μm) were purchased from Aladdin Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. Sodium hydroxide (NaOH), urea, methanol and anhydrous ethanol were purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Co. Ltd. AC was purchased from Fujian Xinsen Carbon Industry Co. Ltd. All chemical reagents were used

• . Typically, 1 mmol Co(NO3)2·6H2O and 4 mmol 2-MeIM were dissolved in 25 mL methanol. The solutions were mixed under vigorous stirring for 2 min. Then, the solutions and the activated NiMoO4/CA were placed in a Teflon-lined autoclave. The autoclave was kept at 100 °C for 24 h and then cooled to room

Bombesin receptor-targeted liposomes for enhanced delivery to lung cancer cells

• Mohammad J. Akbar,
• Pâmela C. Lukasewicz Ferreira,
• Melania Giorgetti,
• Leanne Stokes and
• Christopher J. Morris

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2553–2562, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.246

• cystabn (13.3 μmol in 2 mL methanol) and stirred for 24 h at RT under nitrogen gas. After confirmation of successful conjugation by MALDI–TOF mass spectrometry analysis the solvent was evaporated and the reaction mixture re-dissolved in milli-Q water. Unreacted peptide was removed by dialysis against

Synthesis and acetone sensing properties of ZnFe₂O₄/rGO gas sensors

• Kaidi Wu,
• Yifan Luo,
• Ying Li and
• Chao Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2516–2526, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.242

• sensors is an important issue for practical applications. Herein, ethanol, methanol and formaldehyde were selected to measure the selectivity of the 0.5 wt % ZnFe2O4/rGO gas sensor at 200 °C. As shown in Figure 10, the responses to 10 ppm acetone, ethanol, methanol and formaldehyde were 8.18, 2.76, 2.05

• spheres of pure ZnFe2O4 and (b) of ZnFe2O4/rGO with 0.5 wt % rGO to acetone at different concentration. Response of the 0.5 wt % ZnFe2O4/rGO sensor to 10 ppm of acetone, ethanol, methanol and formaldehyde at 200 °C. Schematic of the proposed acetone sensing mechanism of ZnFe2O4/rGO. Band diagram of rGO

Air oxidation of sulfur mustard gas simulants using a pyrene-based metal–organic framework photocatalyst

• Ghada Ayoub,
• Mihails Arhangelskis,
• Xuan Zhang,
• Florencia Son,
• Timur Islamoglu,
• Tomislav Friščić and
• Omar K. Farha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2422–2427, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.232

• points, filtered using syringe filters and, after dilution with dichloromethane, analyzed by GC-FID to monitor the reaction kinetics. Oxidation products were analyzed by NMR spectroscopy using deuterated methanol as a solvent. Under these conditions, reaction monitoring revealed that complete and

Semitransparent Sb₂S₃ thin film solar cells by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis for use in solar windows

• Jako S. Eensalu,
• Atanas Katerski,
• Erki Kärber,
• Lothar Weinhardt,
• Monika Blum,
• Clemens Heske,
• Wanli Yang,
• Ilona Oja Acik and
• Malle Krunks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2396–2409, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.230

• annealed at 450 °C for 30 min in air to form anatase. Amorphous layers of Sb2S3 were deposited by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis in air from a solution of SbCl3 (99% w/w) and SC(NH2)2 (98% w/w), Sb/S molar ratio 1:3, dissolved in methanol (99.8% v/v), according to a previously published procedure [46]. The

• Sb2S3 thin film thickness was controlled by varying the concentration of SbCl3 and SC(NH2)2 (1:3) in methanol. The Sb2S3 thin films were crystallized by annealing in vacuum (≤4 × 10−6 torr) at 170 °C for 5 min. We observed that without annealing of Sb2S3, the solar cells of the same structure showed a

Multiwalled carbon nanotube based aromatic volatile organic compound sensor: sensitivity enhancement through 1-hexadecanethiol functionalisation

• Nadra Bohli,
• Meryem Belkilani,
• Juan Casanova-Chafer,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Adnane Abdelghani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2364–2373, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.227

• , and are unlikely to interact with the nonpolar vapours. In order to prove the improved selectivity of the developed sensor toward benzene and toluene vapours, we tested the sensor response to methanol and acetone vapours, which are polar solvents. The sensor response to these nonaromatic VOC vapours

• are summarized in Supporting Information File 1 (Figures S1 and S2). The associated calibration curves and compared sensitivities are presented in Figure 7 and Table 1, respectively. The sensitivity of the HDT sensors with aromatic solvents is larger in comparison with methanol and acetone. This can

• methanol and acetone nonaromatic VOC detection. (a) Response and (b) recovery times of Au-MWCNT and HDT/Au-MWCNT sensors towards tested vapours. Au-MWCNT and HDT/Au-MWCNT sensor sensitivity for aromatic and nonaromatic vapours. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 270: Details on the HDT/Au

Design of a nanostructured mucoadhesive system containing curcumin for buccal application: from physicochemical to biological aspects

• Sabrina Barbosa de Souza Ferreira,
• Gustavo Braga,
• Évelin Lemos Oliveira,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva,
• Hélen Cássia Rosseto,
• Lidiane Vizioli de Castro Hoshino,
• Mauro Luciano Baesso,
• Wilker Caetano,
• Craig Murdoch,
• Helen Elizabeth Colley and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2304–2328, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.222

Nontoxic pyrite iron sulfide nanocrystals as second electron acceptor in PTB7:PC₇₁BM-based organic photovoltaic cells

• Olivia Amargós-Reyes,
• José-Luis Maldonado,
• Omar Martínez-Alvarez,
• María-Elena Nicho,
• José Santos-Cruz,
• Juan Nicasio-Collazo,
• Irving Caballero-Quintana and
• Concepción Arenas-Arrocena

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2238–2250, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.216

• was heated and contained at 220 °C for 2 h. Once the reaction was finished, the product was cooled down to 110 °C. Subsequently, 5 mL of chloroform was added, and the solution was kept at room temperature. Finally, 35 mL of methanol was added to purify the product by centrifugation. This step was

Ultrathin Ni_1−xCo_xS₂ nanoflakes as high energy density electrode materials for asymmetric supercapacitors

• Xiaoxiang Wang,
• Teng Wang,
• Rusen Zhou,
• Lijuan Fan,
• Shengli Zhang,
• Feng Yu,
• Tuquabo Tesfamichael,
• Liwei Su and
• Hongxia Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2207–2216, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.213

• hexahydrate (Co(NO3)2·6H2O), 2-methylimidazole (2MI), sulfur powder, absolute methanol and all other reagents were analytical grade and used as received without further purification unless otherwise stated. Deionised water was provided by a Milli-Q water system. YP-50F activated carbon was bought from Kuraray

• nitrate hexahydrate and 40 mmol·L−1 2MI were first dissolved in absolute methanol, and then mixed to make a total volume of 60 mL solution. After stirring at 400 rpm for 10 to 15 min, the well-mixed solution was transferred into a 120 mL Teflon-lined stainless steel autoclave reactor. The reaction was

• carried out at 120 °C for 14 h. After cooling to room temperature, the as-prepared precipitates were rinsed with absolute methanol at least four times till the pink–purple colour of the solution turned into yellow. The precipitates were fully dried in air at 75 °C for 12 h before being ground to powder

Mannosylated brush copolymers based on poly(ethylene glycol) and poly(ε-caprolactone) as multivalent lectin-binding nanomaterials

• Stefania Ordanini,
• Wanda Celentano,
• Anna Bernardi and
• Francesco Cellesi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2192–2206, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.212

• crude in 22 mL of methanol and dropping it in 1320 mL of vigorously stirred water. The resulting precipitate was isolated by removing the supernatant, dissolved in CH2Cl2 and anhydrified with anhydrous sodium sulphate. Subsequently it was filtered, and the filtrate was dried under reduced pressure

Improved adsorption and degradation performance by S-doping of (001)-TiO₂

• Xiao-Yu Sun,
• Xian Zhang,
• Xiao Sun,
• Ni-Xian Qian,
• Min Wang and
• Yong-Qing Ma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2116–2127, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.206

• . Wang et al. reported that TiO2 with an ideal (001) face was inert to both methanol and water, and the activity of the (001) face was only enhanced after surface reduction or reoxidation [11]. It is well known that the conduction band of anatase TiO2 is composed of the Ti 3d state and the valence band

• dispersions, (e, f, g, h) DMPO–•O2− formed in methanol dispersion. The unit cell parameters a, c and the c/a value for S-doped (001)-TiO2 at 250 °C. Position of the FTIR absorption peaks and the corresponding vibrational modes. The chemical states (CSs) of Ti, O and S and the corresponding binding energies

Incorporation of doxorubicin in different polymer nanoparticles and their anticancer activity

• Sebastian Pieper,
• Hannah Onafuye,
• Dennis Mulac,
• Jindrich Cinatl Jr.,
• Mark N. Wass,
• Martin Michaelis and
• Klaus Langer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2062–2072, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.201

• , respectively) (Figure 4). Different amounts of doxorubicin did not change the loading efficiency at pH 7. Using aqueous solutions instead of methanol, we increased the doxorubicin amount during preparation to 5 mg and 7.5 mg per 50 mg PLGA. While 5 mg resulted in an increase of the drug load to 52.5 ± 0.4 µg

• (Resomer® RGP d 50155) were obtained from Evonik Industries AG (Essen, Germany). Ethyl acetate, dichloromethane, and methanol were purchased from VWR International GmbH (Darmstadt, Germany). Acetone, acetonitrile and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were obtained from Carl Roth GmbH (Karlsruhe, Germany). Poly

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

• , Linnéstraße 5, 04103 Leipzig, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.10.200 Abstract In this contribution, the preparation of hierarchically structured ETS-10-based catalysts exhibiting notably higher activity in the conversion of triolein with methanol compared to microporous titanosilicate is presented. Triolein, together

• homogenous transesterification of triglycerides with methanol in the presence of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or potassium hydroxide (KOH), which is still in use on an industrial scale. Along with the obvious advantages of being highly active and relatively inexpensive (depending however on the number of washing

• the context of biodiesel production via the transesterification of triglycerides with methanol, the challenge is to prepare a catalyst possessing the following characteristics: i) large particle size for convenient separation, ii) accessibility of the active sites for reactants, iii) minimized

Preservation of rutin nanosuspensions without the use of preservatives

• Pascal L. Stahr and
• Cornelia M. Keck

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1902–1913, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.185

• active ingredient occurs, changes in the IC50 value during storage can be observed [35]. As methanol is a good solvent for rutin, the addition of the nanocrystals to the methanolic DPPH solution led to a complete dissolution of the rutin nanocrystals. Hence, all rutin remaining in the formulations was

Charge-transfer interactions between fullerenes and a mesoporous tetrathiafulvalene-based metal–organic framework

• Manuel Souto,
• Joaquín Calbo,
• Samuel Mañas-Valero,
• Aron Walsh and
• Guillermo Mínguez Espallargas

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1883–1893, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.183

• ]. In order to activate the material, MUV-2 was exhaustively washed with DMF, methanol and heated at 150 °C for 2 h. Encapsulation of C60 was achieved adapting a reported procedure [36] by immersing the activated microcrystalline powder of MUV-2 in a saturated solution of C60 in o-dichlorobenzene for

• three days at 60 °C. Then, the material was exhaustively washed with o-dichlorobenzene in order to remove the physisorbed C60 on the MOF surface, washed with methanol and dried at 150 °C for 2 h. The powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) pattern of C60@MUV-2 shows that the principal peak remains at 3.4

• -dichlorobenzene and activated MUV-2 (10 mg) was added to it. The vial was heated at 60 °C for 3 days and the MOF was then exhaustively washed with o-dichlorobenzene to remove any physisorbed C60 on the MOF surface, washed with methanol and finally dried at 150 °C for 2 h. Computational details: Theoretical

Microfluidic manufacturing of different niosomes nanoparticles for curcumin encapsulation: Physical characteristics, encapsulation efficacy, and drug release

• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Ibrahim Khadra,
• Abdullah Albaloushi,
• Margaret Mullin,
• Hanin Alyamani and
• Valerie A. Ferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1826–1832, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.177

• , SP80), polyoxyethylenesorbitan trioleate (Tween 85, T85), cholesterol (Chol), curcumin, ethanol, methanol, and cellulose membrane with molecular weight cut-off = 14000 were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich (UK). Preparation of SP80 and T85 niosomes by microfluidic mixing Niosomes composed of SP80 or T85 as

• methanol. After removal of each sample, 1 mL of deionised water was added to the dialysis media to maintain sink conditions. The dialysis was carried out until a constant curcumin concentration was detected in the dialysis media. Physicochemical characterisation of niosomes Particle size analysis The

• encapsulation efficiency Following removal of the non-encapsulated curcumin by dialysis, 100 µL of each niosome formulation (removed from the dialysis tubing) was lysed with methanol in order to release the encapsulated curcumin, which was then quantified at UV absorbance at 421 nm. The encapsulation efficiency

Toxicity and safety study of silver and gold nanoparticles functionalized with cysteine and glutathione

• Barbara Pem,
• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Lea Ulm,
• Ivan Pavičić,
• Valerije Vrček,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ljubojević,
• Adela Krivohlavek and
• Ivana Vinković Vrček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1802–1817, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.175

• , Hamburg, Germany). After treatment with AgNPs or AuNPs (at 5 mg Ag/Au L−1), the cells were washed with PBS, fixed with ice-cold methanol (−20 °C), and stained with F-actin-phalloidin and Hoechst 33258 nucleic acid dyes. The slides were then mounted in Fluoroshield Antifade Mounting Medium and their images

Lipid nanostructures for antioxidant delivery: a comparative preformulation study

• Elisabetta Esposito,
• Maddalena Sguizzato,
• Markus Drechsler,
• Paolo Mariani,
• Federica Carducci,
• Claudio Nastruzzi,
• Giuseppe Valacchi and
• Rita Cortesi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1789–1801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.174

• membrane, NMWCO 10 kDa, Sigma-Aldrich, St. Louis, MO, USA) and centrifuged (Spectrafuge™ 24D Digital Microcentrifuge, Woodbridge, NJ, USA) at 8,000 rpm for 20 min. The amount of drug was determined after dissolving the lipid phase with a known amount of methanol (1:10 v/v) for 2 h under stirring. The TOC

• through the rheodyne injector system fitted with a 50 µL fixed loop and compared with standards of known concentration. In the case of TOC, the mobile phase was methanol, and the flow rate was 1 mL/min at 295 nm, while for RA, acetonitrile/methanol/methylene chloride (70:15:15, v/v) was employed, with a

Synthesis of nickel/gallium nanoalloys using a dual-source approach in 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazole ionic liquids

• Ilka Simon,
• Julius Hornung,
• Juri Barthel,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Maik Finze,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1754–1767, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.171

• methanol were found for Ni5Ga3 and NiGa [37]. At 165 °C Ni5Ga3 (δ) yielded 100% selectivity towards methanol [38]. Above 220 °C Ni5Ga3 is even more active than a conventional Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 catalyst with less CO formation in the reverse water-gas shift reaction (rWGS). In Ni5Ga3 the Ga-rich step sites

• facilitate the methanol synthesis, the Ni-rich sites get self-poisoned by methanation and CO formation through rWGS [37]. In conclusion, Ni5Ga3(δ) was found to be the most active catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation [39][40][41]. Semihydrogenation of phenylacetylene to styrene using NiGa, Ni3Ga and Ni5Ga3 as

Tuning the performance of vanadium redox flow batteries by modifying the structural defects of the carbon felt electrode

• Ditty Dixon,
• Deepu Joseph Babu,
• Aiswarya Bhaskar,
• Hans-Michael Bruns,
• Joerg J. Schneider,
• Frieder Scheiba and
• Helmut Ehrenberg

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1698–1706, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.165

• the charging current reached less than 10 mA cm−2. All the cyclic voltammetry measurements were carried out at a scan rate of 5 mV s−1. Single-cell measurements were performed using a modified direct methanol fuel cell from ElectroChem, having a pin-type flow field with an active area of 25 cm2