Synthesis of amorphous and graphitized porous nitrogen-doped carbon spheres as oxygen reduction reaction catalysts

• Maximilian Wassner,
• Markus Eckardt,
• Andreas Reyer,
• Thomas Diemant,
• Michael S. Elsaesser,
• R. Jürgen Behm and
• Nicola Hüsing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1–15, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.1

• Maximilian Wassner Markus Eckardt Andreas Reyer Thomas Diemant Michael S. Elsaesser R. Jurgen Behm Nicola Husing Chemistry and Physics of Materials, Salzburg University, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria Institute of Surface Chemistry and Catalysis, Ulm University, D-89069 Ulm, Germany 10.3762/bjnano.11.1

Microfluidics as tool to prepare size-tunable PLGA nanoparticles with high curcumin encapsulation for efficient mucus penetration

• Nashrawan Lababidi,
• Valentin Sigal,
• Aljoscha Koenneke,
• Konrad Schwarzkopf,
• Andreas Manz and
• Marc Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2280–2293, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.220

• mucus. Drug carrier systems such as nanoparticles (NPs) require proper surface chemistry and small size to ensure their permeability through the hydrogel-like systems. We have employed a microfluidic system to fabricate poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles coated with a muco-penetrating

• ][16]. Notably, only NPs with size less than 200 nm have the ability to permeate easily through mucus without being immobilized by the natural size-filtering mechanism [10][17][18][19]. Furthermore, modifying the surface chemistry of NPs is beneficial for avoiding the interaction/filtering mechanisms

• Discussion Influence of different parameters on the NP size Smaller nanoparticles (NPs) are known to have a better diffusion through mucus, whereby they can evade the natural size-filtration mechanism [10][14][39]. Furthermore, the surface chemistry of NPs plays a crucial role in facilitating their

Synthesis of highly active ETS-10-based titanosilicate for heterogeneously catalyzed transesterification of triglycerides

• Muhammad A. Zaheer,
• David Poppitz,
• Khavar Feyzullayeva,
• Marianne Wenzel,
• Jörg Matysik,
• Radomir Ljupkovic,
• Aleksandra Zarubica,
• Alexander A. Karavaev,
• Andreas Pöppl,
• Roger Gläser and
• Muslim Dvoyashkin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2039–2061, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.200

• literature data of 1.36 nm [38]. Impact of H2O2 treatment on crystallinity, textural characteristics, surface chemistry and pore interconnectivity of ETS-10 titanosilicates The XRD data of treated samples in Figure 7A demonstrate that the treatment of titanosilicates with H2O2 and subsequent calcination does

Pulsed laser synthesis of highly active Ag–Rh and Ag–Pt antenna–reactor-type plasmonic catalysts

• Kenneth A. Kane and
• Massimo F. Bertino

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1958–1963, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.192

• dissipation, the experiments concluded that charge carriers produced in the Pt shell via LSPR excitation from the Ag nanocube core could be utilized for surface chemistry. Similarly, Zhang et al. coined the term “antenna–reactor” photocatalysis by fabricating Al, surrounded by a thin layer of Al2O3, as a

Fabrication and characterization of Si_1−xGe_x nanocrystals in as-grown and annealed structures: a comparative study

• Muhammad Taha Sultan,
• Adrian Valentin Maraloiu,
• Ionel Stavarache,
• Jón Tómas Gudmundsson,
• Andrei Manolescu,
• Valentin Serban Teodorescu,
• Magdalena Lidia Ciurea and
• Halldór Gudfinnur Svavarsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1873–1882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.182

• above which the interface effect prevails and below which the photoresponse is associated with quantum confinement. That is, size and surface chemistry of the NCs and oxygen-related bonds are the factors determining the photocurrent spectra. It is well understood that annealing results in the formation

Nanoarchitectonics meets cell surface engineering: shape recognition of human cells by halloysite-doped silica cell imprints

• Elvira Rozhina,
• Ilnur Ishmukhametov,
• Svetlana Batasheva,
• Farida Akhatova and
• Rawil Fakhrullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1818–1825, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.176

• of various functional composite materials [26]. The anisotropic shape (hollow tubules having lengths from 300 nm to 1–2 µm, 50–70 nm diameter, and 20 nm lumen) and surface chemistry (outer surface of SiO2, inner surface of Al2O3) make these nanotubes ideal carriers for novel catalysts, polymer

Growth of lithium hydride thin films from solutions: Towards solution atomic layer deposition of lithiated films

• Ivan Kundrata,
• Karol Fröhlich,
• Lubomír Vančo,
• Matej Mičušík and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1443–1451, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.142

• sodium and molecular sieves. n-Butyllithium (2.5 M in hexanes, Sigma) was diluted to 10 mM with diethyl ether. Deionized water was used as the complementary precursor, dissolved in diethyl ether (20 mM). The purging was carried out with nitrogen from the Schlenk line. In order to monitor the surface

• chemistry, a quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) system was installed behind the exit of the deposition setup with tubing of minimal length (2 cm), effectively allowing the deposition to occur on the QCM crystal as well. The waste pumped out of the QCM chamber was immediately neutralized with ethanol

Alloyed Pt₃M (M = Co, Ni) nanoparticles supported on S- and N-doped carbon nanotubes for the oxygen reduction reaction

• Stéphane Louisia,
• Yohann R. J. Thomas,
• Pierre Lecante,
• Marie Heitzmann,
• M. Rosa Axet,
• Pierre-André Jacques and
• Philippe Serp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1251–1269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.125

• of the deposited particles, which is close to 25 nm [31]. Previous works have shown the possibility to dope CNTs with nitrogen (N-CNT) or sulfur (S-CNT) in order to modify properties such as electronic conduction and surface chemistry [32][33][34]. This strategy contributes to improve the metal

• obtained with XRD are presented in Table 1. All the values are larger than that of graphite (3.334 Å), and the smallest value is obtained for N-CNTHT, indicating a higher level of graphitization for this sample. The elemental composition as well as the surface chemistry is also affected by heteroatom

• performance and durability of PEM fuel cells [44][45]. These materials should combine some key characteristics such as: i) an adapted surface chemistry to allow high dispersion of the metallic phase at very high metal loading, ii) a good balance between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity to allow water

Glucose-derived carbon materials with tailored properties as electrocatalysts for the oxygen reduction reaction

• Rafael Gomes Morais,
• Natalia Rey-Raap,
• José Luís Figueiredo and
• Manuel Fernando Ribeiro Pereira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1089–1102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.109

• of the nitrogen functionalities. Keywords: electrocatalysts; microporosity; nitrogen-doped carbon materials; oxygen reduction reaction; surface chemistry; Introduction Due to the recent increase in interest for more sustainable, renewable and cheaper energy, multiple conversion devices are being

• heteroatoms to modify the surface chemistry, specifically by adding nitrogen functionalities. Biomass-derived carbons have been functionalized by applying thermal treatments in the presence of a gaseous or solid nitrogen precursor [35][36] or without any precursor in the case where the biomass already

• incorporate nitrogen atoms and to modify the surface chemistry of carbon materials [39][40]. Some of these doping techniques have shown to provide materials with similar ORR performance as commercially available Pt/C electrocatalysts [39]. However, most of these studies have been focused only on the effect of

Tailoring the stability/aggregation of one-dimensional TiO₂(B)/titanate nanowires using surfactants

• Atiđa Selmani,
• Johannes Lützenkirchen,
• Kristina Kučanda,
• Dario Dabić,
• Engelbert Redel,
• Ida Delač Marion,
• Damir Kralj,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin and
• Maja Dutour Sikirić

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1024–1037, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.103

• Atida Selmani Johannes Lutzenkirchen Kristina Kucanda Dario Dabic Engelbert Redel Ida Delac Marion Damir Kralj Darija Domazet Jurasin Maja Dutour Sikiric Laboratory for Biocolloids and Surface Chemistry, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, 10000 Zagreb

Rapid, ultraviolet-induced, reversibly switchable wettability of superhydrophobic/superhydrophilic surfaces

• Yunlu Pan,
• Wenting Kong,
• Bharat Bhushan and
• Xuezeng Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 866–873, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.87

• solid surfaces governed by surface chemistry and surface topography [1][2] and has found significant applications in various fields [3][4][5][6][7][8]. Controllable wettability that can be enabled through external stimuli, such as illumination, electric fields or heating, can be applied in chemical

Sub-wavelength waveguide properties of 1D and surface-functionalized SnO₂ nanostructures of various morphologies

• Venkataramana Bonu,
• Binaya Kumar Sahu,
• Arindam Das,
• Sankarakumar Amirthapandian,
• Sandip Dhara and
• Harish C. Barshilia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 379–388, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.37

• behavior was also demonstrated in tapered and surface-functionalized SnO2 NWs. While the tapered waveguide can allow for easy focusing of light, the simple surface chemistry offers selective light propagation by tuning the luminescence. Defect-related PL in NWs is studied using temperature-dependent

Pull-off and friction forces of micropatterned elastomers on soft substrates: the effects of pattern length scale and stiffness

• Peter van Assenbergh,
• Marike Fokker,
• Julian Langowski,
• Jan van Esch,
• Marleen Kamperman and
• Dimitra Dodou

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 79–94, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.8

• fully penetrate the monolayer. The latter problem could be solved by creating colloidal monolayers with a larger spacing, for example by optimizing the surface chemistry of particles. The mechanism of generating grip on the tested substrates is likely indentation-based, creating mechanical interlocking

Surface plasmon resonance enhancement of photoluminescence intensity and bioimaging application of gold nanorod@CdSe/ZnS quantum dots

• Siyi Hu,
• Yu Ren,
• Yue Wang,
• Jinhua Li,
• Junle Qu,
• Liwei Liu,
• Hanbin Ma and
• Yuguo Tang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 22–31, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.3

• . PL lifetime is also an important parameter in studying the photoelectric properties and surface chemistry of nanoparticles. A multiexponential decay curve provides evidence of the presence of nonradioactive or radiative recombination. The lifetime of GNR@CdSe/ZnS and CdSe/ZnS was obtained by using a

In situ characterization of nanoscale contaminations adsorbed in air using atomic force microscopy

• Jesús S. Lacasa,
• Lisa Almonte and
• Jaime Colchero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2925–2935, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.271

• surfaces allow for a detailed comparison between theory and experiments triggering an immense advance of surface chemistry. While UHV conditions are experimentally and theoretically appealing, most processes occur under ambient conditions, where it is much more difficult to prepare well-defined surfaces

Impact of the anodization time on the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ nanotubes

• Jesús A. Díaz-Real,
• Geyla C. Dubed-Bandomo,
• Juan Galindo-de-la-Rosa,
• Luis G. Arriaga,
• Janet Ledesma-García and
• Nicolas Alonso-Vante

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2628–2643, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.244

• is supported by the fact that atomic radii for O (48 pm) and F (42 pm) are similar enough to allow for the replacement of the former, effectively doping the material by creating oxygen vacancies and different energy states [29]. XPS To characterize the surface chemistry, high-resolution XPS

• were obtained for longer ta. A linear trend for the growth rate was observed for samples with ta ≥ 1.0 h. Changes in the surface chemistry were confirmed by XPS measurements, indicating F and N doping. This was explained in terms of the exposition time during the anodization process since higher F

• measured at a laser power of 2.5 mW/cm2 and a slit width of 25 μm. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) was used to complement the information of the surface chemistry with a Thermo Scientific instrument (model K-Alpha + surface analysis). Electrochemical and photo-electrochemical characterization The

Characterization of the microscopic tribological properties of sandfish (Scincus scincus) scales by atomic force microscopy

• Weibin Wu,
• Christian Lutz,
• Simon Mersch,
• Richard Thelen,
• Christian Greiner,
• Guillaume Gomard and
• Hendrik Hölscher

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2618–2627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.243

• including adhesion, friction and resistance to abrasion of sandfish scales in detail utilizing various AFM techniques and probes with different size and surface chemistry. The experimental results do not indicate superior tribological properties of sandfish scales if compared to scales of other reptiles or

Friction reduction through biologically inspired scale-like laser surface textures

• Johannes Schneider,
• Vergil Djamiykov and
• Christian Greiner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2561–2572, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.238

• experiments [16][23]. All tests were conducted at room temperature (25 °C) and at a relative humidity of approximately 45%. All tested pellets and discs were sonicated in isopropanol for 15 minutes before each tribological experiment in order to ensure a reproducible surface chemistry and clean samples

Nanocellulose: Recent advances and its prospects in environmental remediation

• Katrina Pui Yee Shak,
• Yean Ling Pang and
• Shee Keat Mah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2479–2498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.232

• process), respectively [62]. Typically, the production techniques employ several processes in sequence to produce various types of CNF/CNC which differ in terms of morphology, crystallinity, and surface chemistry [32]. These processes involve mechanical disintegration as well as biological and chemical

Filling nanopipettes with apertures smaller than 50 nm: dynamic microdistillation

• Evelyne Salançon and
• Bernard Tinland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2181–2187, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.204

• that electrical (I–V) curves were strongly modified, possibly due to surface chemistry modifications such as reactive hydrogen activation. Regardless of whether this is intentional or not, and considered an advantage or a drawback, the initial surface chemistry seems to be changed by the treatment and

Phosphorus monolayer doping (MLD) of silicon on insulator (SOI) substrates

• Noel Kennedy,
• Ray Duffy,
• Luke Eaton,
• Dan O’Connell,
• Scott Monaghan,
• Shane Garvey,
• James Connolly,
• Chris Hatem,
• Justin D. Holmes and
• Brenda Long

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2106–2113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.199

• ][8], germanium [9][10][11] and others [12]. MLD involves the use of surface chemistry to provide a source of dopant atoms for diffusion into the substrate. Figure 1 shows a schematic version of the steps involved in a MLD process. The most commonly used reaction involves the hydrosilylation of an

Recent highlights in nanoscale and mesoscale friction

• Andrea Vanossi,
• Dirk Dietzel,
• Andre Schirmeisen,
• Ernst Meyer,
• Rémy Pawlak,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Marcin Kisiel,
• Shigeki Kawai and
• Nicola Manini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1995–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.190

• important prerequisite of these experiments is to operate the instrument under ultrahigh-vacuum conditions, where contaminants can be avoided. In the case of Kawai et al. [58], the GNRs were grown by on-surface chemistry through evaporating a precursor of 10,10’-dibromo-9,9’-bianthryl monomers. By suitable

The inhibition effect of water on the purification of natural gas with nanoporous graphene membranes

• Krzysztof Nieszporek,
• Tomasz Pańczyk and
• Jolanta Nieszporek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1906–1916, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.182

• Krzysztof Nieszporek Tomasz Panczyk Jolanta Nieszporek Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, M. C. Sklodowska sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland Jerzy Haber Institute of Catalysis and Surface Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Niezapominajek 8, Krakow, Poland

Preparation of micro/nanopatterned gelatins crosslinked with genipin for biocompatible dental implants

• Reika Makita,
• Tsukasa Akasaka,
• Seiichi Tamagawa,
• Yasuhiro Yoshida,
• Saori Miyata,
• Hirofumi Miyaji and
• Tsutomu Sugaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1735–1754, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.165

• involving surface chemistry, scaffold softness, and cell dynamics, compared to simple changes in surface patterns. Further comparative data studying cell behavior on several different types of collagen/gelatin patterns are required. Experimental Preparation of gelatin patterns Cyclo-olefin (COP) or silicone

Friction force microscopy of tribochemistry and interfacial ageing for the SiO_x/Si/Au system

• Christiane Petzold,
• Marcus Koch and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1647–1658, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.157

• static friction peaks were encountered. The static friction peaks varied in magnitude and could not be reproduced by repeating the scan at the same position. We conclude that sticking of the contact and breaking loose changed the local surface chemistry as well as structure and chemistry of the tip. AFM