Photocatalysis applications of some hybrid polymeric composites incorporating TiO₂ nanoparticles and their combinations with SiO₂/Fe₂O₃

• Andreea Laura Chibac,
• Tinca Buruiana,
• Violeta Melinte and
• Emil C. Buruiana

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 272–286, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.30

• dispersion of inorganic nanoparticles into suitable organic matrices prevents their aggregation and furnishes a convenient handling of the NPs, besides reducing toxicity and enhancing the chemical stability [52]. Hence, 10 wt % TiO2 NPs (pure or in different combinations) were incorporated into a viscous

Role of RGO support and irradiation source on the photocatalytic activity of CdS–ZnO semiconductor nanostructures

• Suneel Kumar,
• Rahul Sharma,
• Vipul Sharma,
• Gurunarayanan Harith,
• Vaidyanathan Sivakumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1684–1697, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.161

• dimensional (2D) network of sp2-hybridized carbon atoms with hexagonal packed lattice structure [28]. Graphene also possesses unique electronic, optical and mechanical properties such as high theoretical specific surface area (2630 m2·g−1) [29], chemical stability, high transparency and good thermal

Influence of hydrothermal synthesis parameters on the properties of hydroxyapatite nanoparticles

• Sylwia Kuśnieruk,
• Jacek Wojnarowicz,
• Agnieszka Chodara,
• Tadeusz Chudoba,
• Stanislaw Gierlotka and
• Witold Lojkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1586–1601, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.153

• bone resorption processes. The amount of elements substituted depends on the conditions under which that structure is formed. Their occurrence also influences stoichiometry, crystallinity, and thermal and chemical stability of a compound [19]. In line with the increase in calcium deficiency, the number

Viability and proliferation of endothelial cells upon exposure to GaN nanoparticles

• Tudor Braniste,
• Ion Tiginyanu,
• Tibor Horvath,
• Simion Raevschi,
• Serghei Cebotari,
• Marco Lux,
• Axel Haverich and
• Andres Hilfiker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1330–1337, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.124

• time under hydrogen flow. According to the chemical analysis of the culture medium after incubation with GaN nanoparticles, a very low concentration of Zn was detected, suggesting the high chemical stability of the compound (Supporting Information File 1, Figures S2 and S3). Therefore, the release of

Fast diffusion of silver in TiO₂ nanotube arrays

• Wanggang Zhang,
• Yiming Liu,
• Diaoyu Zhou,
• Hui Wang,
• Wei Liang and
• Fuqian Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1129–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.105

• for various applications, such as energy storage [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8] and photo-assisted reactions [9][10][11][12][13][14], due to its inherent semiconducting characteristics, chemical stability, high photo-conversion efficiency, non-toxicity and low cost [15][16]. TiO2 of low-dimensional

Facile synthesis of water-soluble carbon nano-onions under alkaline conditions

• Gaber Hashem Gaber Ahmed,
• Rosana Badía Laíño,
• Josefa Angela García Calzón and
• Marta Elena Díaz García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 758–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.67

• discovered before the former [1]. C-dots are a special class of carbon nanoparticles that have interesting practical advantages such as low toxicity, relatively small size (≤10 nm), chemical stability, high solubility in water and easy synthesis. Besides, owing to their remarkable photoluminescence (PL

Hydration of magnesia cubes: a helium ion microscopy study

• Ruth Schwaiger,
• Johannes Schneider,
• Gilles R. Bourret and
• Oliver Diwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 302–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.28

• residual water may become critical. For such systems, the influence of sample substrates on the chemical stability of the specimen needs to be investigated in detail. The density mismatch that follows the conversion from MgO to Mg(OH)2 (from ρmagnesia = 3.5 g·cm−3 to ρbrucite = 2.3–2.4 g·cm−3) generates a

Synthesis and applications of carbon nanomaterials for energy generation and storage

• Marco Notarianni,
• Jinzhang Liu,
• Kristy Vernon and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 149–196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.17

Single-molecule magnet behavior in 2,2’-bipyrimidine-bridged dilanthanide complexes

• Wen Yu,
• Frank Schramm,
• Eufemio Moreno Pineda,
• Yanhua Lan,
• Olaf Fuhr,
• Jinjie Chen,
• Hironari Isshiki,
• Wolfgang Wernsdorfer,
• Wulf Wulfhekel and
• Mario Ruben

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 126–137, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.15

• Road, Cambridge CB21EZ, UK; fax: (+44)1223-336-033; or deposit@ccdc.cam.ac.uk) (See Table 2). Results and Discussion Synthesis and crystal structure 2,2'-bipyrimidine was chosen as the bridging ligand for its general chemical stability, for its strong σ-donor and π-acceptor characteristics and its

Controlled graphene oxide assembly on silver nanocube monolayers for SERS detection: dependence on nanocube packing procedure

• Martina Banchelli,
• Bruno Tiribilli,
• Roberto Pini,
• Luigi Dei,
• Paolo Matteini and
• Gabriella Caminati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 9–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.2

• -containing functionalities, which confer to the system additional features including great chemical stability in aqueous media and superior ability of capturing and retaining molecules. Reports on nanoparticle/graphene hybrid nanocomposites showed that SERS signals arising from graphene/metal hybrid

Chemiresistive/SERS dual sensor based on densely packed gold nanoparticles

• Sanda Boca,
• Cosmin Leordean,
• Simion Astilean and
• Cosmin Farcau

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2498–2503, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.259

• thus combine unique advantages of both electric and optical sensors. Colloidal gold nanoparticles as building blocks A request for a good control of the NP assembling process is represented by the chemical stability of the used colloid. We observed that by increasing the concentration of the colloid

The role of low-energy electrons in focused electron beam induced deposition: four case studies of representative precursors

• Rachel M. Thorman,
• Ragesh Kumar T. P.,
• D. Howard Fairbrother and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1904–1926, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.194

• attributes: i) sufficient vapor pressure to facilitate their introduction into a vacuum chamber, ii) chemical stability under ambient conditions and iii) non-toxicity and easy handling. These criteria are the same as those that define suitable precursors for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [4][5]. Because of

Synthesis, characterization and in vitro biocompatibility study of Au/TMC/Fe₃O₄ nanocomposites as a promising, nontoxic system for biomedical applications

• Hanieh Shirazi,
• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Soheila Kashanian and
• Kobra Omidfar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1677–1689, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.170

• less than 100 nm, which is ideal for avoiding rapid clearance by the reticuloendothelial system [18]. These nanocomposites showed suitable magnetic potential, and due to the many remarkable properties of Au nanoparticles (e.g., high chemical stability, resistance to oxidation, and excellent

Addition of Zn during the phosphine-based synthesis of indium phospide quantum dots: doping and surface passivation

• Natalia E. Mordvinova,
• Alexander A. Vinokurov,
• Oleg I. Lebedev,
• Tatiana A. Kuznetsova and
• Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1237–1246, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.127

• excitonic Bohr radius and the lower toxicity in comparison to the widely used II–VI compounds [5]. For the practical application QDs should meet certain requirements: low defect concentration, narrow size distribution, and physico-chemical stability. The synthesis of these QDs should be reproducible

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

• Philipp Adelhelm,
• Pascal Hartmann,
• Conrad L. Bender,
• Martin Busche,
• Christine Eufinger and
• Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

• group also investigated non-carbon electrodes, such as nanoporous gold or titanium carbide (TiC) [60][84]. Both materials are claimed to significantly improve the cycle performance compared to carbon electrodes due to a higher chemical stability towards lithium oxide species. On the other hand, the

Transformation of hydrogen titanate nanoribbons to TiO₂ nanoribbons and the influence of the transformation strategies on the photocatalytic performance

• Melita Rutar,
• Nejc Rozman,
• Matej Pregelj,
• Carla Bittencourt,
• Romana Cerc Korošec,
• Andrijana Sever Škapin,
• Aleš Mrzel,
• Srečo D. Škapin and
• Polona Umek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 831–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.86

• in air. Keywords: doping; nanoribbon; photocatalytic performance; titanate; titanium dioxide (TiO2); transformation; Introduction Titanium dioxide (TiO2) is a technologically important material due to its remarkable combination of properties, its chemical stability and nontoxicity [1][2]. In

Chains of carbon atoms: A vision or a new nanomaterial?

• Florian Banhart

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 559–569, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.58

• 1990s in the context of field emission from carbon nanotubes and the possible unraveling of carbon chains from their ends [29]. Chemical stability The first question concerning the stability of chains is their energy in comparison to other carbon allotropes. It has been shown by calculations that carbon

• stability in comparison with narrow graphene ribbons will be discussed below in the context of defects and irradiation. One of the most discussed properties of sp1-hybridized carbon is its chemical stability. Two parallel chains develop cross-links; this is an exothermic reaction with an activation barrier

Silica micro/nanospheres for theranostics: from bimodal MRI and fluorescent imaging probes to cancer therapy

• Shanka Walia and
• Amitabha Acharya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 546–558, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.57

• materials have limitations such as low chemical stability (magnetic component) and harsh cytotoxic effects (fluorescent component) and, hence, require a biocompatible protecting agent. Silica micro/nanospheres have shown promise as protecting agent due to the high stability and low toxicity. This review

• limitations, i.e., the magnetic NPs exhibit a very low chemical stability whereas the fluorescent part is quite photosensitive and has harsh cytotoxic effects. The problem can be solved by using silica micro/nanospheres as a protecting agent, which is chemically stable, less toxic and capable to reduce

Nanoparticle shapes by using Wulff constructions and first-principles calculations

• Georgios D. Barmparis,
• Zbigniew Lodziana,
• Nuria Lopez and
• Ioannis N. Remediakis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 361–368, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.35

• the modern era: shapes of nanoparticles In the past, equilibrium shapes were only associated with minerals and gemstones. Superb chemical stability and equilibration over millions of years under extreme pressure and temperature seemed to be the necessary (but often not sufficient) conditions for a

Tunable white light emission by variation of composition and defects of electrospun Al₂O₃–SiO₂ nanofibers

• Jinyuan Zhou,
• Gengzhi Sun,
• Hao Zhao,
• Xiaojun Pan,
• Zhenxing Zhang,
• Yujun Fu,
• Yanzhe Mao and
• Erqing Xie

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 313–320, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.29

• elements [5][6][7][8][9]. Among those materials, Al2O3 is one of the most important materials in the history of ceramics, and has been extensively applied in catalysts, coatings, microelectronics and various devices, due to its excellent physical and chemical stability, high dielectric constant, wide band

Functionalization of α-synuclein fibrils

• Simona Povilonienė,
• Vida Časaitė,
• Virginijus Bukauskas,
• Arūnas Šetkus,
• Juozas Staniulis and
• Rolandas Meškys

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 124–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.12

• and nanostructures. Proteins provide masterful examples of complex self-assembling nanostructures with properties and functionalities beyond the reach of any human-made materials [44]. The fibrils formed by amyloid proteins or peptides are nanostructures with unique physical and chemical stability [45

Materials and characterization techniques for high-temperature polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells

• Roswitha Zeis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 68–83, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.8

• conditions. This can be explained by the molecular structure of Nafion shown in Figure 1. The polytetrafluoroethylene (Teflon®)-like molecular backbone gives Nafion its mechanical and chemical stability, while the sulfonic acid functional groups (–SO3−H+) provides charge sites for proton transport. Nafion

Poly(styrene)/oligo(fluorene)-intercalated fluoromica hybrids: synthesis, characterization and self-assembly

• Giuseppe Leone,
• Francesco Galeotti,
• William Porzio,
• Guido Scavia,
• Luisa Barba,
• Gianmichele Arrighetti,
• Giovanni Ricci,
• Chiara Botta and
• Umberto Giovanella

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2450–2458, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.254

• the silicate interlayer region is expected (i) to improve the photo-, thermo-, and chemical stability of the dye, which is generally insufficient for a use in applied optoelectronic devices, and (ii) to control the accommodation of the guest for organizing efficient dye assemblies, thus allowing the

Synthesis and characterization of fluorescence-labelled silica core-shell and noble metal-decorated ceria nanoparticles

• Rudolf Herrmann,
• Markus Rennhak and
• Armin Reller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2413–2423, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.251

• around 660 nm which is confined to the red channel, avoiding any interference with, e.g., membrane stains emitting in the blue or green region (Figure 2, right). However, the chemical stability of ATTO 647N-APS is much lower than that of the perylene diimide-derived dyes. We found that its fluorescence

Synthesis of radioactively labelled CdSe/CdS/ZnS quantum dots for in vivo experiments

• Gordon M. Stachowski,
• Christoph Bauer,
• Christian Waurisch,
• Denise Bargheer,
• Peter Nielsen,
• Jörg Heeren,
• Stephen G. Hickey and
• Alexander Eychmüller

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2383–2387, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.247

• (allowing excitation energies higher than the band gap energy to be freely selected), narrow emission spectra, long emission lifetimes, photo- and chemical-stability, etc. [5][9][10]. Although they offer many advantages, it is important to evaluate the toxicity [11] of nano-scale materials, particularly for

• successive ion layer adsorption and reaction method (SILAR) in order to achieve greater chemical stability, an enhancement of the fluorescence QY and a shift in the photoluminescence (PL) wavelength to the therapeutic spectral window [3][6][8]. When developing a synthesis for radioactively labelled QDs, one