Comparison of four functionalization methods of gold nanoparticles for enhancing the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)

• Paula Ciaurriz,
• Fátima Fernández,
• Edurne Tellechea,
• Jose F. Moran and
• Aaron C. Asensio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 244–253, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.27

• maintained until the flask reached room temperature. AuNPs and conjugates were characterized by dynamic light scattering (DLS) using a zeta potential analysis system (Zetasizer Nano Z, Malvern Instrumentd, Worcestershire, UK), field emission scanning electron microscope (Carl Zeiss) and UV–vis

Colorimetric gas detection by the varying thickness of a thin film of ultrasmall PTSA-coated TiO₂ nanoparticles on a Si substrate

• Urmas Joost,
• Andris Šutka,
• Meeri Visnapuu,
• Aile Tamm,
• Meeri Lembinen,
• Mikk Antsov,
• Kathriin Utt,
• Krisjanis Smits,
• Ergo Nõmmiste and
• Vambola Kisand

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 229–236, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.25

• and the measurements with every VOC were repeated twice and then the next VOC/air mixture was measured. The hydrodynamic diameter and the respective size distribution of the NPs were measured in ethanol using dynamic light scattering (DLS, Zetasizer Nano ZSP, Malvern Instruments). The microstructural

Laser irradiation in water for the novel, scalable synthesis of black TiO_x photocatalyst for environmental remediation

• Massimo Zimbone,
• Giuseppe Cacciato,
• Mohamed Boutinguiza,
• Vittorio Privitera and
• Maria Grazia Grimaldi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 196–202, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.21

• a TiOx/Ti/PtNp monolithic chemical diode. The Pt nanoparticles were 20 nm in diameter [29][31] as measured by dynamic light scattering. They were deposited on the rear side of the sample as shown in Figure 1b and discussed in the experimental section. In Figure 6, the concentration of MB under UV

Streptavidin-coated gold nanoparticles: critical role of oligonucleotides on stability and fractal aggregation

• Roberta D'Agata,
• Pasquale Palladino and
• Giuseppe Spoto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1–11, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.1

• spectroscopic, dynamic light scattering (DLS), zeta-potential (ζ), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and SPR investigations of ODN-functionalized SA-mediated AuNPs are here presented with the aim to provide fundamental information useful to improve performances of biosensing assays using SA-mediated AuNPs

From iron coordination compounds to metal oxide nanoparticles

• Mihail Iacob,
• Carmen Racles,
• Codrin Tugui,
• George Stiubianu,
• Adrian Bele,
• Liviu Sacarescu,
• Daniel Timpu and
• Maria Cazacu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2074–2087, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.198

• obtain spherical small nanoparticles, NPT1a, with a narrow size distribution. The nanoparticle dispersion and diameter distribution was evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S4). It was confirmed that the high amount of stabilizing agent for NPT1a provided

• iron oxide nanoparticles on 300 mesh carbon coated copper grids and dried in vacuum at 50 °C. For qualitative analysis, an energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDX), available in conjunction with the Quanta 200 environmental scanning electron microscope (ESEM), was used. Dynamic light scattering

• light scattering. The parameters were varied within each route to fine tune the size and shape of the formed nanoparticles. Keywords: iron coordination compounds; mixed oxide nanoparticles; morphology control; nanoparticle shape control; optimization procedure; Introduction The iron oxide-based

Solvent-mediated conductance increase of dodecanethiol-stabilized gold nanoparticle monolayers

• Patrick A. Reissner,
• Jean-Nicolas Tisserant,
• Antoni Sánchez-Ferrer,
• Raffaele Mezzenga and
• Andreas Stemmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2057–2064, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.196

• in Figure 4 for 12.3 nm gold nanoparticles (hydrodynamic diameter measured by dynamic light scattering). We extracted the lattice constants from radial power spectral density profiles of SEM images. The lattice constant of a pristine sample coincides with the lattice constant of a monolayer immersed

• nanoparticles were synthesized in deionized water by reducing tetrachloroauric acid with trisodium citrate and tannic acid [14]. The synthesis resulted in a nanoparticle concentration of 1013 NP/mL. The nanoparticle hydrodynamic size and polydispersity was measured by dynamic light scattering with a Malvern

A novel electrochemical nanobiosensor for the ultrasensitive and specific detection of femtomolar-level gastric cancer biomarker miRNA-106a

• Maryam Daneshpour,
• Kobra Omidfar and
• Hossein Ghanbarian

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 2023–2036, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.193

• then subjected to standard characterization analyses to evaluate whether they meet the essential criteria. For this purpose, the size and morphology of particles were estimated by means of transmission electron microscopy (TEM) (Zeiss, EM10C, 80 kV, Germany) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) analysis

Facile fabrication of luminescent organic dots by thermolysis of citric acid in urea melt, and their use for cell staining and polyelectrolyte microcapsule labelling

• Nadezhda M. Zholobak,
• Anton L. Popov,
• Alexander B. Shcherbakov,
• Nelly R. Popova,
• Mykhailo M. Guzyk,
• Valeriy P. Antonovich,
• Alla V. Yegorova,
• Yuliya V. Scrypynets,
• Inna I. Leonenko,
• Alexander Ye. Baranchikov and
• Vladimir K. Ivanov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1905–1917, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.182

• scatter the red laser beam (left). Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements indicated that the O-dots tended to agglomerate in the solution, and the size of the agglomerates increased with increasing concentration (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S15). The agglomerates had a relatively high

Chitosan-based nanoparticles for improved anticancer efficacy and bioavailability of mifepristone

• Huijuan Zhang,
• Fuqiang Wu,
• Yazhen Li,
• Xiping Yang,
• Jiamei Huang,
• Tingting Lv,
• Yingying Zhang,
• Jianzhong Chen,
• Haijun Chen,
• Yu Gao,
• Guannan Liu and
• Lee Jia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1861–1870, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.178

• (Miniflex II, Rigaku, Japan). The X-ray source was Cu Kα radiation (30 kV, 15 mA). AFM images were obtained on a Multimode 8 AFM series (Bruker, USA) in tapping/AC mode. The mean particle size and zeta potential of the MCNs were determined by dynamic light scattering using a Nanotrac® Wave Particle Size and

Functionalized platinum nanoparticles with surface charge trigged by pH: synthesis, characterization and stability studies

• Giovanna Testa,
• Laura Fontana,
• Iole Venditti and
• Ilaria Fratoddi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1822–1828, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.175

• spectroscopy was performed in H2O solutions using quartz cells with a Varian Cary 100 Scan UV–vis spectrophotometer. The diameter and the diameter distribution of MNPs in H2O solution were investigated at 25 ± 0.2 °C (pH 7 and pH 2) by means of dynamic light scattering (DLS) technique by using a Malvern Nano

Hydrophilic silver nanoparticles with tunable optical properties: application for the detection of heavy metals in water

• Paolo Prosposito,
• Federico Mochi,
• Erica Ciotta,
• Mauro Casalboni,
• Fabio De Matteis,
• Iole Venditti,
• Laura Fontana,
• Giovanna Testa and
• Ilaria Fratoddi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1654–1661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.157

• nitrate as precursor molecules, hydrophilic thiol (3-mercapto-1-propanesulfonic acid sodium salt, 3MPS) and sodium borohydride as capping and reducing agents, respectively. The AgNPs were characterized using techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS

• estimated the average diameter using about thirty nanoparticles with a resulting value of 2.5 ± 0.3 nm. Figure 4 shows the results from the dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurement on the AgNP-3MPS material (synthesis b). The distribution indicates good monodispersity of the NPs and an average diameter of

Antitumor magnetic hyperthermia induced by RGD-functionalized Fe₃O₄ nanoparticles, in an experimental model of colorectal liver metastases

• Oihane K. Arriortua,
• Eneko Garaio,
• Borja Herrero de la Parte,
• Maite Insausti,
• Luis Lezama,
• Fernando Plazaola,
• Jose Angel García,
• Jesús M. Aizpurua,
• Maialen Sagartzazu,
• Mireia Irazola,
• Nestor Etxebarria,
• Ignacio García-Alonso,
• Alberto Saiz-López and
• José Javier Echevarria-Uraga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1532–1542, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.147

• acceleration voltage of 200 kV. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements were carried out at 25 °C with a Nano ZS (Malvern Instruments) equipped with a solid-state He-Ne laser (λ = 633 nm) to determine the hydrodynamic diameter of the hydrosoluble NPs. The FTIR spectra of the nanoparticles and ligands were

• can be found in the Experimental section below. Structural, morphologic and spectroscopic characterization In order to know the characteristics and the magnetic response of the nanoparticles, X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR), dynamic light

• scattering (DLS) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) were performed. The XRD profiles of the synthesized Fe3O4 NPs confirmed the presence of nanocrystalline structures with quite broad diffraction peaks whose positions and relative intensities match well with the standard profile of the characteristic

On the pathway of cellular uptake: new insight into the interaction between the cell membrane and very small nanoparticles

• Claudia Messerschmidt,
• Daniel Hofmann,
• Anja Kroeger,
• Katharina Landfester,
• Volker Mailänder and
• Ingo Lieberwirth

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1296–1311, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.121

• using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS), especially under consideration of the application conditions in physiological media. The three differently sized silica NPs investigated throughout this study, were used as purchased without further surface modification

• dispersions was determined gravimetrically. NP dispersions for cell applications were diluted with milli-Q water to achieve the desired concentration. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments were performed on an ALV instrument consisting of a goniometer and an ALV-5000 multiple-tau full-digital correlator

Straightforward and robust synthesis of monodisperse surface-functionalized gold nanoclusters

• Silvia Varela-Aramburu,
• Richard Wirth,
• Chian-Hui Lai,
• Guillermo Orts-Gil and
• Peter H. Seeberger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1278–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.118

• dynamic light scattering (DLS) (Figure S4, Supporting Information File 1). The one-pot synthesis of Glc-NCs is independent on the temperature between 0 and 90 °C (Figure S5, Supporting Information File 1). The Glc-NCs are more stable than nanoclusters that were stabilized with cetyltrimethylammonium

Mesoporous hollow carbon spheres for lithium–sulfur batteries: distribution of sulfur and electrochemical performance

• Anika C. Juhl,
• Artur Schneider,
• Boris Ufer,
• Torsten Brezesinski,
• Jürgen Janek and
• Michael Fröba

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1229–1240, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.114

• determined to be 380 nm by dynamic light scattering, while the diameter of the core–shell particles was about 515 nm. From SEM images (Figure S1 in Supporting Information File 1) a diameter of about 490 nm was determined for the core–shell spheres. Further characterization of the SCMS silica can be found in

• % was achieved. Capacity values in the manuscript were calculated on the basis of the sulfur mass. After the formation cycle at a C/50 rate (with 1C = 1672 mA/gsulfur) was completed, the cells were charged and discharged at C/5. Characterization methods Dynamic light scattering was measured with a

Influence of synthesis conditions on microstructure and phase transformations of annealed Sr₂FeMoO_6−x nanopowders formed by the citrate–gel method

• Marta Yarmolich,
• Nikolai Kalanda,
• Sergey Demyanov,
• Herman Terryn,
• Jon Ustarroz,
• Maksim Silibin and
• Gennadii Gorokh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1202–1207, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.111

• agglomerates ranging in diameter from 0.7 to 1.2 µm. To obtain more information about the microstructural characteristics of the SFMO-4, SFMO-6, and SFMO-9 powder samples, dynamic light scattering (DLS) was also carried out. For these measurements, 10 mg of SFMO-4, SFMO-6, or SFMO-9 was dispersed in 20 mL of

• of the SFMO powders were measured by dynamic light scattering using a Zetasizer Nano (Nano ZS90, Malvern, UK) particle analyser. The phase transformation degree (α, change of the phase content during synthesis process), lattice parameters and superstructural ordering degree of the calcined powders

• particle size (diameter) distributions (d–f) obtained by dynamic light scattering of SFMO-4 (a,d), SFMO-6 (b,e), SFMO-9 (c,f) powder samples. The samples were annealed in the polythermal regime over a 770–1220 K temperature range, at 2 K/min, in a continuous stream of 5% H2/Ar gas mixture. XRD patterns of

Improved biocompatibility and efficient labeling of neural stem cells with poly(L-lysine)-coated maghemite nanoparticles

• Igor M. Pongrac,
• Marina Dobrivojević,
• Lada Brkić Ahmed,
• Michal Babič,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Daniel Horák and
• Srećko Gajović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 926–936, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.84

• , transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) were used (Figure 1, Table 1). The average size of the PLL-γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles (Figure 1A) was larger than that of nanomag®-D-spio nanoparticles (Figure 1B). The latter particles had a broader particle size distribution due to presence

• according to Equations 1–3, where ni is number of particles in class interval i with diameter Di [19]: The hydrodynamic diameter (z-average) was determined by the cumulative analysis of time correlation functions from dynamic light scattering (DLS) using an Autosizer Lo-C (Malvern Instruments Ltd., Malvern

Hierarchical coassembly of DNA–triptycene hybrid molecular building blocks and zinc protoporphyrin IX

• Rina Kumari,
• Sumit Singh,
• Mohan Monisha,
• Sourav Bhowmick,
• Anindya Roy,
• Neeladri Das and
• Prolay Das

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 697–707, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.62

• stained with SYBR® Gold. The image was captured by an UVP-Gel documentation system. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) The size distributions of the DNA nanoconstructs in aqueous solution were obtained by CONTIN analysis of the DLS (Delsa Nano C Particle Analyser, Beckman-Coulter) data. The measurements have

• Supporting Information File 1, Figure S9). MBN treatment has no effect on the self-assembly in the presence or absence of Zn PpIX, thereby ruling out the possibility of smaller units tagged with unhybridized ssDNA tails (see Supporting Information File 1, Figure S10). Dynamic light scattering studies of DNA

Gold nanoparticles covalently assembled onto vesicle structures as possible biosensing platform

• M. Fátima Barroso,
• M. Alejandra Luna,
• Juan S. Flores Tabares,
• Cristina Delerue-Matos,
• N. Mariano Correa,
• Fernando Moyano and
• Patricia G. Molina

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 655–663, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.58

• order to covalently bind the AuNPs to the bilayer and to immobilize the vesicle on the Au electrode. This nanosystem was characterized by using UV–vis spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cyclic voltammetry (CV). The results show that the vesicles were

• techniques discussed below. Nanomaterial characterization Dynamic light scattering (DLS) The diameters of the LUVs were determined by DLS (Malvern 4700 with goniometer and 7132 correlator) with an argon ion laser operating at 488 nm. All the measurements were performed by using a scattering angle of 90° at a

Efficiency improvement in the cantilever photothermal excitation method using a photothermal conversion layer

• Natsumi Inada,
• Hitoshi Asakawa,
• Taiki Kobayashi and
• Takeshi Fukuma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 409–417, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.36

• (Figure 3c), we found plate-like particles with a diameter between 0.1 and 1 μm. The diameters observed in the SEM images agree with the average diameter of the colloidal graphite (460 nm) measured by dynamic light scattering. The results show that the plate-like particles observed in the SEM images are

• process. The colloidal graphite concentration of the dispersions used in this study are shown in the caption of Figure 5. Sonication of the coating solution was performed before the coating process. The average diameter of colloidal particles in the coating solution was measured by the dynamic light

• scattering (Zetasizer Nano-ZS, Malvern, Worcestershire, UK). Measurement of photothermal excitation efficiency A custom-built AFM equipped with a photothermal excitation setup and a commercially available oscillation controller (Nanonis OC4, SPECS, Zürich, Switzerland) were used for the photothermal

Surface coating affects behavior of metallic nanoparticles in a biological environment

• Darija Domazet Jurašin,
• Marija Ćurlin,
• Ivona Capjak,
• Tea Crnković,
• Marija Lovrić,
• Michal Babič,
• Daniel Horák,
• Ivana Vinković Vrček and
• Srećko Gajović

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 246–262, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.23

• ability [3][45]. In addressing the effects of surface coating on the stability and behavior of NPs in selected model biological environments, three types of widely used measurement techniques were employed: dynamic light scattering (DLS), electrophoretic light scattering (ELS) and transmission electron

pH-Triggered release from surface-modified poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) nanoparticles

• Manuel Häuser,
• Klaus Langer and
• Monika Schönhoff

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2504–2512, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.260

• calculated with respect to the monomeric unit of the corresponding compound. If needed, pH was adjusted by addition of 1 molar hydrochloric acid (HCl) and 1 molar sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH). Dynamic light scattering (DLS): Average particle size, polydispersity, and zeta potential were determined using

Fabrication of hybrid graphene oxide/polyelectrolyte capsules by means of layer-by-layer assembly on erythrocyte cell templates

• Joseba Irigoyen,
• Nikolaos Politakos,
• Eleftheria Diamanti,
• Elena Rojas,
• Marco Marradi,
• Raquel Ledezma,
• Layza Arizmendi,
• J. Alberto Rodríguez,
• Ronald F. Ziolo and
• Sergio E. Moya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2310–2318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.237

• polyallylamine hydrochloride (PAH) and polystyrenesulfonate sodium salt (PSS). Capsules where characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), atomic force microscopy (AFM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and Raman microscopy, the constituent layers by zeta potential and GO by TEM, XRD, and Raman and

Silica-coated upconversion lanthanide nanoparticles: The effect of crystal design on morphology, structure and optical properties

• Uliana Kostiv,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Hana Macková,
• Alexander Zhigunov,
• Hana Engstová,
• Katarína Smolková,
• Petr Ježek and
• Daniel Horák

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2290–2299, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.235

• and time on the properties of the particles was investigated. The nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), electron diffraction (ED), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDX), dynamic light scattering (DLS), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), elemental analysis and X-ray

• particle size (Dh) was measured using dynamic light scattering (DLS) on a ZEN 3600 Zetasizer Nano Instrument (Malvern Instruments; Malvern, UK) at pH 1. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) was performed in air using a Perkin Elmer TGA 7 analyzer (Norwalk, CT, USA) from 30 to 850 °C at a heating rate of 10

An ISA-TAB-Nano based data collection framework to support data-driven modelling of nanotoxicology

• Richard L. Marchese Robinson,
• Mark T. D. Cronin,
• Andrea-Nicole Richarz and
• Robert Rallo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1978–1999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.202

• identifier (“Material Source Name”) is reported in an appropriate “Factor Value [factor name]” column (e.g., “Factor Value [nanomaterial]). If the assay measures nanomaterial physicochemical parameters (e.g., size by dynamic light scattering, zeta potential), the originally sourced nanomaterial sample is

• [17][39].) The corresponding data points are presented in “Measurement Value [statistic(measurement name)]” columns, e.g., “Measurement Value [z-average(hydrodynamic diameter)]” for an Assay file describing dynamic light scattering (DLS) size measurements [41][42]. External files “External” files [17

• […]”) would need to be created to record the (meta)data of interest. Indeed, the Investigation file is designed to associate a given “Study Assay Measurement Type” (e.g., size) and “Study Assay Technology Type” (e.g., dynamic light scattering) with a given “Study Assay File Name”. Hence, specific templates