High-temperature magnetism and microstructure of a semiconducting ferromagnetic (GaSb)_1−x(MnSb)_x alloy

• Leonid N. Oveshnikov,
• Elena I. Nekhaeva,
• Alexey V. Kochura,
• Alexander B. Davydov,
• Mikhail A. Shakhov,
• Sergey F. Marenkin,
• Oleg A. Novodvorskii,
• Alexander P. Kuzmenko,
• Alexander L. Vasiliev,
• Boris A. Aronzon and
• Erkki Lahderanta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2457–2465, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.230

• of conducting holes [1][3]. To reach high values of the Curie temperature, Tc, materials with high Mn concentration are required, which can be achieved by using non-equilibrium growth methods, such as low-temperature molecular-beam epitaxy. Thus, the solubility limit of Mn in Ga1−xMnxAs can be

Pinning of a ferroelectric Bloch wall at a paraelectric layer

• Vilgelmina Stepkova and
• Jiří Hlinka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2356–2360, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.220

• its the edges along the principal pseudocubic crystallograpic axes (see Figure 8). The BaTiO3 and SrTiO3 Ginzburg–Landau–Devonshire model potential parameters used in the present calculations are those of [12], except for the temperature parameter, which was set to 118 K here (low temperature is

Lead-free hybrid perovskites for photovoltaics

• Oleksandr Stroyuk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2209–2235, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.207

• [71]. The cells with such modified MASnI3 absorbers showed a PCE of 6.63% (Table 1) with a relatively high FF of ≈64% (Figure 4a). High-quality MASnI3 films yielding a PCE of 1.86% were prepared using a low-temperature vapor-assisted deposition [115]. The stability of MASnI3- and CsSnI3-based solar

Influence of the thickness of an antiferromagnetic IrMn layer on the static and dynamic magnetization of weakly coupled CoFeB/IrMn/CoFeB trilayers

• Deepika Jhajhria,
• Dinesh K. Pandya and
• Sujeet Chaudhary

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2198–2208, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.206

• -magnon scattering is also discussed. The AF-induced interfacial damping parameter is derived by studying the evolution of damping with inverse CoFeB thickness. The static magnetic measurements also reveal the interlayer exchange coupling across the IrMn layer both at room temperature and low temperature

• . The asymmetric hysteresis loop and training effect observed at low temperature is related to the presence of a metastable AF domain state. We show that both the static and dynamic magnetic properties of trilayer films can be adjusted over a wide range by changing the thickness of the IrMn spacer layer

• the similar trend for Hk since both coercivity and anisotropy are correlated with each other as suggested by Hoffmann [55]. At a low temperature of 10 K reached after both zero-field cooling (ZFC) and field cooling (FC) procedures from RT, the top and bottom CoFeB layers are still magnetically coupled

Electrospun one-dimensional nanostructures: a new horizon for gas sensing materials

• Muhammad Imran,
• Nunzio Motta and
• Mahnaz Shafiei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2128–2170, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.202

• . Yb-doped In2O3 NTs show a response of 2.4 toward 100 ppb of formaldehyde [213]. Mg-doped In2O3 NTs exhibit a high response at low temperature (150 °C). Pure and Mg-doped In2O3 NTs have an average diameter of 80 nm. The smooth surface of In2O3 NTs becomes coarser with doping of Mg. Mg doping

• and recovery time of 2 mol % W-doped NiO NTs is 178 s and 152 s, respectively. Thus, W-doped NiO NTs can successfully detect low concentrations (15 ppm) of xylene with a response of 2.17 [220]. Pd-doped TiO2 NFs (average diameter 250 nm) show high sensitivity to NO2 at a relatively low temperature of

• /SnO2 mixed NFs show response time/recovery times of 1/305 s [224]. In2O3-CeO2 NTs synthesized by electrospinning exhibit an excellent response toward H2S at low temperature (25–110 °C) and to acetone at relatively high temperature (300 °C) [225]. The outer diameter and wall thickness are tuned in the

Synthesis of carbon nanowalls from a single-source metal-organic precursor

• André Giese,
• Sebastian Schipporeit,
• Volker Buck and
• Nicolas Wöhrl

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1895–1905, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.181

• different morphologies were deposited. Four main morphological types were identified by SEM analysis and Raman spectroscopy. It was shown how the combination of substrate temperature and bias voltage determines the resulting morphology. Low temperature and low bias voltage lead to carbon rods. Successively

Cryochemical synthesis of ultrasmall, highly crystalline, nanostructured metal oxides and salts

• Elena A. Trusova and
• Nikolai S. Trutnev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1755–1763, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.166

• and structural materials. In a 1962 publication, theoretical justification was given for the use of low (negative) temperatures for studying the mechanisms behind chemical processes and the peculiarities of reaction kinetics in the low-temperature region in order to improve the synthesis of ultra

• possible for compact states [5][6][7]. Most often, aqueous solutions are used; however, solutions in organic solvents (e.g., acetic acid, benzene, tert-butanol, and toluene) can also be used when reasonable equilibrium pressure is applied in the solid state at low temperature. The low solubility of many

Controllable one-pot synthesis of uniform colloidal TiO₂ particles in a mixed solvent solution for photocatalysis

• Jong Tae Moon,
• Seung Ki Lee and
• Ji Bong Joo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1715–1727, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.163

• (TiO2-400) calcined at a relatively low temperature (400 °C) had a large adsorption capacity in the range of monolayer adsorption (0.1 < P/P0 < 0.25), which indicated highly porous structures with a large BET surface area. However, the amount of monolayer adsorption of the TiO2 samples continuously

• approximately −40, −23.8 and −24.9 mV nm for TiO2-350, TiO2-500, and TiO2-800, respectively. It means that the TiO2 sample calcined at low temperature (350 °C) should have a relatively large amount of surface OH groups. Once the calcination temperature is higher than a certain point (e.g., 500 °C), the zeta

A zero-dimensional topologically nontrivial state in a superconducting quantum dot

• Pasquale Marra,
• Alessandro Braggio and
• Roberta Citro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1705–1714, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.162

• coincides with the magnitude of the discontinuous drop Ic = |ΔI| (dots in the figures). Hence, a measure of the critical current at low temperature can be used to indirectly probe the magnitude of the discontinuous drop and the existence of topological phase transitions and zero-energy modes even when a

Sulfur-, nitrogen- and platinum-doped titania thin films with high catalytic efficiency under visible-light illumination

• Boštjan Žener,
• Lev Matoh,
• Giorgio Carraro,
• Bojan Miljević and
• Romana Cerc Korošec

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1629–1640, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.155

• versatile, due to its simplicity, cost-effectiveness and low-temperature synthesis. The resulting product is a material with high homogeneity and controllable morphology [8][41][42]. During the sol–gel process, initial hydrolysis of the precursor (e.g., titanium tetrachloride, titanium alkoxides) is

Sheet-on-belt branched TiO₂(B)/rGO powders with enhanced photocatalytic activity

• Huan Xing,
• Wei Wen and
• Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1550–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.146

• Kandiel et al. [25]. This band gap value is smaller than that of 3.2 eV for bulk anatase TiO2 [27]. Chakraborty et al. also reported that the absorption band edge of the pure TiO2(B) is located at a relatively longer wavelength compared to that of the pure anatase TiO2 [21]. The low temperature nitrogen

• spectra were examined using a UV–vis near-infrared spectrometer (UV-3150, Shimadzu). The low temperature nitrogen sorption measurement was conducted at 77 K using a Nova 3000e (Quantachrome Instruments, USA) with Quantachrome V11.0 software. The Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) approach using adsorption data

• Information Supporting Information File 100: Additional FESEM images, low-temperature N2 adsorption isotherms and photodegradation results to support the discussion. Acknowledgements We are grateful for financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51502065) and State Key

Absence of free carriers in silicon nanocrystals grown from phosphorus- and boron-doped silicon-rich oxide and oxynitride

• Daniel Hiller,
• Julian López-Vidrier,
• Keita Nomoto,
• Michael Wahl,
• Wolfgang Bock,
• Tomáš Chlouba,
• František Trojánek,
• Sebastian Gutsch,
• Margit Zacharias,
• Dirk König,
• Petr Malý and
• Michael Kopnarski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1501–1511, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.141

• , which allows for completely N-free silicon oxide. In this work, we investigate the properties of B- and P-incorporating Si NCs embedded in pure silicon oxide compared to silicon oxynitride by atom probe tomography (APT), low-temperature photoluminescence (PL), transient transmission (TT), and current

• electron microscope. PL was measured using a LN2-cooled CCD camera attached to a single grating monochromator with excitation of a HeCd laser (325 nm line). Low-temperature PL spectra were measured from 5 to 300 K using a single-window continuous-flow liquid-He cryostat. TT-dynamics were measured in a

• low-temperature PL measurements of successfully, electronically doped Si NCs: (i) an increase in the PL-intensity as soon as free carriers are frozen out, accompanied by (ii) a spectral redshift due to the circumstance that within the NC-size ensemble the largest NCs are more easily doped than the

Artifacts in time-resolved Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Sascha Sadewasser,
• Nicoleta Nicoara and
• Santiago D. Solares

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1272–1281, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.119

• approach (pp-KPFM) was used to measure the charge-carrier dynamics with a time resolution of 2 μs in pentacene-based OFETs [28][29]. Similarly, light-based pp-KPFM was used to measure a charge carrier lifetime in low-temperature grown GaAs of ≈1 ps, currently the best time-resolution that has been

Atomistic modeling of tribological properties of Pd and Al nanoparticles on a graphene surface

• Alexei Khomenko,
• Miroslav Zakharov,
• Denis Boyko and
• Bo N. J. Persson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1239–1246, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.115

• experience during sliding. These are usually denoted as thermally activated, stress-aided, processes. At low temperature the friction force may decrease with decreasing temperature. This is due to the fact that thermal excitations (thermally excited fluctuations) are necessary in order for the particle to

• “find” configurations of large binding energy along the sliding path. As a result, at low temperature the interface will become more incommensurate, resulting in an interaction potential that exhibits a smaller energy corrugation along the sliding path and lower friction. Thus, we expect the friction

Heterostuctures of 4-(chloromethyl)phenyltrichlorosilane and 5,10,15,20-tetra(4-pyridyl)-21H,23H-porphine prepared on Si(111) using particle lithography: Nanoscale characterization of the main steps of nanopatterning

• Phillip C. Chambers and
• Jayne C. Garno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1211–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.112

• with a surface orientation defined by the substituents [20]. The self-assembly of manganese meso-tetra(4-pyridyl)porphyrin on Cu(111) was studied using low temperature scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and atomic force microscopy (AFM) to resolve molecular structures by Chen et al. [21]. A

Understanding the performance and mechanism of Mg-containing oxides as support catalysts in the thermal dry reforming of methane

• Nor Fazila Khairudin,
• Mohd Farid Fahmi Sukri,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1162–1183, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.108

• . Rapid reactions occur between the active plasma species and catalyst precursors compared to the thermal decomposition technique. Therefore, this may encourage the rapid nucleation of the crystals under plasma treatment. The application of low temperature may result in slow crystal growth, which

• contributes to the production of a catalyst with a small particle size or high metal dispersion. Furthermore, plasma treatment has been proven to show superb performance in surface treatment and modification. Moreover, this technique is able to efficiently decompose precursors at low temperature. Greater

• on the catalyst surface. Moreover, the catalyst was of a good composition, given that the DRM process could be performed within the low temperature range of 430 °C to 470 °C. The catalyst was stable for up to 100.5 h without carbon deposition. García-Diéguez et al. [19] developed a Ni–Mg active metal

Semi-automatic spray pyrolysis deposition of thin, transparent, titania films as blocking layers for dye-sensitized and perovskite solar cells

• Hana Krýsová,
• Josef Krýsa and
• Ladislav Kavan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1135–1145, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.105

• . Without post-calcination at 500 °C, the photocurrent density is negligible. The photoresponse was similarly negligible for the deposition temperature of 300 °C (data not shown). Only after calcination at 500 °C will the low-temperature-grown films become photoactive, where the photocurrent onset was

• ). These TiO2 films exhibit the photocurrent onset at around –0.3 V but there is no plateau at larger potentials. Instead, the photocurrent increases monotonically with the applied potential. The effect of post-calcination is opposite compared to the low-temperature films deposited at 150 °C (cf. Figure 1a

Comparative study of sculptured metallic thin films deposited by oblique angle deposition at different temperatures

• Susann Liedtke,
• Christoph Grüner,
• Jürgen W. Gerlach and
• Bernd Rauschenbach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 954–962, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.89

• deposition geometry at a substrate temperature of 77 K and at elevated temperatures. All tilted columns deposited at 77 K substrate temperature develop as high aspect ratio columns and therefore show a similar overall morphology. It is found that in this low temperature regime growth is dominated by

Effect of annealing treatments on CeO₂ grown on TiN and Si substrates by atomic layer deposition

• Silvia Vangelista,
• Rossella Piagge,
• Satu Ek and
• Alessio Lamperti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 890–899, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.83

• the preferential orientation of ceria [8][9][10][11]. Further, the specific conditions of the thermal treatment (i.e., high or low temperature in reactive (O2) or inert (N2) atmosphere) can influence the formation of defects in the crystalline structure, such as grain boundaries, the crystallite

Facile chemical routes to mesoporous silver substrates for SERS analysis

• Elina A. Tastekova,
• Alexander Y. Polyakov,
• Anastasia E. Goldt,
• Alexander V. Sidorov,
• Alexandra A. Oshmyanskaya,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Dmitry V. Shtansky,
• Wolgang Grünert and
• Anastasia V. Grigorieva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 880–889, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.82

• microstructure after 110 °C sintering while fresh crack formation was revealed. In Figure 6b the film is destroyed completely, and Ag particles hardly cover half of the glass slide surface. Such low temperature melting of nanocrystalline silver is typical and was also observed for different forms of highly

• the colloid were deposited and dried one by one. The specific surface area of the samples was determined by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption with an ATX-06 analyzer (KATAKON) by the five-point Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) method. The optical absorbance spectra of the films were collected using a

Facile synthesis of a ZnO–BiOI p–n nano-heterojunction with excellent visible-light photocatalytic activity

• Mengyuan Zhang,
• Jiaqian Qin,
• Pengfei Yu,
• Bing Zhang,
• Mingzhen Ma,
• Xinyu Zhang and
• Riping Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 789–800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.72

• oxide to a p-type BiOX to form a p–n heterojunction is an effective method to optimize the photocatalytic activity (summarized in Table S1, Supporting Information File 1). By now, several works have been published in this area. In 2009, Zhang et al. reported a low-temperature route to prepare TiO2/BiOI

A review of carbon-based and non-carbon-based catalyst supports for the selective catalytic reduction of nitric oxide

• Shahreen Binti Izwan Anthonysamy,
• Syahidah Binti Afandi,
• Mehrnoush Khavarian and
• Abdul Rahman Bin Mohamed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 740–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.68

• temperature window of 150–500 °C in a diesel engine as well as the low energy consumption and economy of NH3-SCR [9]. In the literature, abundant catalysts at low temperature have been explored such as transitional metals (Mn, Cu, Ce, Fe, Co, Mo) [10][11][12][13], novel metals (Pt, Pd) [14], and metal ion

• -exchange zeolite catalysts [15]. The Mn-based catalyst is one of the most active metal oxide catalysts for high N2 selectivity at low temperature and is recognised by many researchers as a potential alternative for the common catalyst. Jin et al. [16] successfully used a Mn-based catalyst with the addition

• the carbon-based catalysts for SCR at low temperature and compared it with commercial catalysts. A good example can be seen in Chuang et al. [18], where a comparative study was made between the preparation of AC-supported Cu catalysts through impregnation, the polyol process, and microwave-heated

Perovskite-structured CaTiO₃ coupled with g-C₃N₄ as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation

• Ashish Kumar,
• Christian Schuerings,
• Suneel Kumar,
• Ajay Kumar and
• Venkata Krishnan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62

• successfully prepared by a facile low temperature mixing of g-C3N4 nanosheets and CT nanoflakes in a 1:1 ratio. The photocatalytic activity of the CTCN heterojunction photocatalyst was investigated by studying the degradation of an aqueous solution of RhB under UV, visible and sunlight irradiation conditions

Electron interactions with the heteronuclear carbonyl precursor H₂FeRu₃(CO)₁₃ and comparison with HFeCo₃(CO)₁₂: from fundamental gas phase and surface science studies to focused electron beam induced deposition

• Ragesh Kumar T P,
• Paul Weirich,
• Lukas Hrachowina,
• Marc Hanefeld,
• Ragnar Bjornsson,
• Helgi Rafn Hrodmarsson,
• Sven Barth,
• D. Howard Fairbrother,
• Michael Huth and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 555–579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.53

• ratio. Low temperature (≈213 K) surface science studies on thin films of H2FeRu3(CO)13 demonstrate that electron stimulated decomposition leads to significant CO desorption (average of 8–9 CO groups per molecule) to form partially decarbonylated intermediates. However, once formed these intermediates

• sufficient stability towards autocatalytic dissociation. Ru3(CO)12 has been used for FEBID in an earlier report on low temperature substrates [60]; however, the composition of the decomposition product remains unknown and FEBID using a substrate at room temperature could not replicate the earlier results

Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of TiO₂-pillared montmorillonite obtained by hydrothermally activated intercalation of titanium polyhydroxo complexes

• Mikhail F. Butman,
• Nikolay L. Ovchinnikov,
• Nikita S. Karasev,
• Nataliya E. Kochkina,
• Alexander V. Agafonov and
• Alexandr V. Vinogradov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 364–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.36

• ] describes a low-temperature method for pillaring MM using a TiO2 sol produced by hydrolyzing TiCl4 in strongly acidic medium and subsequent drying at 30–80 °C. Chen et al. [12] shows the results of pillaring MM using titanium tetra-N-butoxide hydrolyzed in HCl solution and subsequent annealing at a

• , the BET method) is many times larger than the area of its external surface (Sext = 0.5 m2/g, the Tovarov method [38]), it is reasonable to assume that TiO2 will be predominantly in the form of pillars in the interlayer space. Low-temperature nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms for the obtained

• . Porosimetric measurements were carried out by low-temperature nitrogen adsorption–desorption using a specific surface area and porosity analyzer ASAP 2020 (Micromeritics, USA); prior to measurements the samples were degassed at 180 °C and residual pressure of 5–10 Pa for 3.5 h. An analysis of the sample