Manufacturing and investigation of physical properties of polyacrylonitrile nanofibre composites with SiO₂, TiO₂ and Bi₂O₃ nanoparticles

• Tomasz Tański,
• Wiktor Matysiak and
• Barbara Hajduk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1141–1155, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.106

• development of materials from the group of polymer nanocomposites (PNCs), which are a combination of a polymer matrix with inorganic or hybrid nanoparticles. For the currently used types of inorganic fillers, inter alia, the following are included: SiO2 [1], metal oxides (TiO2, Al2O3, Bi2O3, Zn0, CaCO3) [2][3

Photocurrent generation in carbon nanotube/cubic-phase HfO₂ nanoparticle hybrid nanocomposites

• Protima Rauwel,
• Augustinas Galeckas,
• Martin Salumaa,
• Frédérique Ducroquet and
• Erwan Rauwel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1075–1085, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.101

• conduction via the CNT. To date, numerous studies have been reported on the decoration of CNTs with metal oxides including TiO2 [7][8] and ZnO [9] for solar cell applications and SnO2 for gas sensors. Reports on the fabrication of an all carbon nanocomposite combining CNTs, graphene and carbon quantum dots

NO gas sensing at room temperature using single titanium oxide nanodot sensors created by atomic force microscopy nanolithography

• Li-Yang Hong and
• Heh-Nan Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1044–1051, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.97

• with these reported results. Furthermore, it can be seen that the performances of metal oxides with Au are much better those of pure metal oxides, which is due to the plasmonic effect [18][20]. It is expected that the present ND sensors can be improved in a similar fashion, e.g., by creating Au

Microwave solvothermal synthesis and characterization of manganese-doped ZnO nanoparticles

• Jacek Wojnarowicz,
• Roman Mukhovskyi,
• Elzbieta Pietrzykowska,
• Sylwia Kusnieruk,
• Jan Mizeracki and
• Witold Lojkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 721–732, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.64

• [2]. It enables the use of nanomaterials for creating innovative products, devices and complex systems that employ the properties of materials on the nanoscale [3]. Current research of the applications of nanotechnology in optoelectronics focuses on the control of the physical properties of metal

• oxides semiconductors. Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a II–VI semiconductor characterised by a wide band gap of 3.3 eV and a high exciton binding energy of circa 60 meV [4]. ZnO is used in optoelectronic devices, solar cells, data carriers, light emitting diodes (LEDs), gas sensors, thermoelectric devices

Bacteriorhodopsin–ZnO hybrid as a potential sensing element for low-temperature detection of ethanol vapour

• Saurav Kumar,
• Sudeshna Bagchi,
• Senthil Prasad,
• Anupma Sharma,
• Ritesh Kumar,
• Rishemjit Kaur,
• Jagvir Singh and
• Amol P. Bhondekar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 501–510, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.44

• biological activity after immobilization on solid supports and exhibits charge transport in thin films [8][14][15]. These properties have attracted researchers for the development of novel bio-hybrid devices [5][7][16][17][18][19]. Hybrids of bR protein with various metal/metal oxides (e.g., Au, Ag, TiO2

Hydration of magnesia cubes: a helium ion microscopy study

• Ruth Schwaiger,
• Johannes Schneider,
• Gilles R. Bourret and
• Oliver Diwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 302–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.28

• conditions. For example, for transient electronics it has become a major challenge to understand and control the factors of materials transformation in aqueous systems [1][2]. Under ambient conditions, nanostructured and highly dispersed metal oxides are instantaneously coated with thin water films. These

• study the flood gun was not needed because a metallic substrate was used. Additionally, metal oxides can also be damaged by an electron beam [17]. Indeed, imaging metastable oxide and hydroxide nano- and mesostructures with SEM is difficult due to the effect the electron beam may have on the sample. For

Synthesis and applications of carbon nanomaterials for energy generation and storage

• Marco Notarianni,
• Jinzhang Liu,
• Kristy Vernon and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 149–196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.17

Sonochemical co-deposition of antibacterial nanoparticles and dyes on textiles

• Ilana Perelshtein,
• Anat Lipovsky,
• Nina Perkas,
• Tzanko Tzanov and
• Aharon Gedanken

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1–8, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.1

• nanoparticles on the fabric surface. It was shown that the antibacterial behavior of the metal oxides was not influenced by the presence of the dyes. Higher K/S values were achieved by sonochemical deposition of the dyes in comparison to a dip-coating (exhaustion) process. The stability of the antibacterial

• the dye structure. The crystalline structure of the metal oxides was examined by XRD (Bruker D8). Leaching experiments Possible leaching of the MO and dyes from the coated textile was tested in saline solution (0.9 % NaCl). A piece of fabric (70 mg) was placed in 10 mL saline and kept at 40 °C for 72

• after 65 washing cycles at 75 °C [9]. Herein, for the first time we report on the co-deposition of two functional materials. The morphologies of the dye alone and co-deposited dye and metal oxides were studied by HRSEM and are shown in Figure 4. The morphology of RB5 sonochemically deposited on cotton

Correction: A single-source precursor route to anisotropic halogen-doped zinc oxide particles as a promising candidate for new transparent conducting oxide materials

• Daniela Lehr,
• Markus R. Wagner,
• Johanna Flock,
• Julian S. Reparaz,
• Clivia M. Sotomayor Torres,
• Alexander Klaiber,
• Thomas Dekorsy and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2330–2331, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.239

• (Barcelona), Spain Department of Physics, University of Konstanz, 78457 Konstanz, Germany Catalan Institute of Research and Advanced Studies (ICREA), Barcelona 08010, Spain 10.3762/bjnano.6.239 Keywords: chemical doping; metal oxides; semiconductor nanoparticles; single-source precursors; In the original

Green synthesis, characterization and catalytic activity of natural bentonite-supported copper nanoparticles for the solvent-free synthesis of 1-substituted 1H-1,2,3,4-tetrazoles and reduction of 4-nitrophenol

• Akbar Rostami-Vartooni,
• Mohammad Alizadeh and
• Mojtaba Bagherzadeh

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2300–2309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.236

• The development of new methodologies for the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts is of great interest in organic synthesis [1]. Metal nanoparticles immobilized on supports such as carbon, zeolites, clay, metal oxides, graphene, etc., have been successfully applied as heterogeneous catalysts due to

A single-source precursor route to anisotropic halogen-doped zinc oxide particles as a promising candidate for new transparent conducting oxide materials

• Daniela Lehr,
• Markus R. Wagner,
• Johanna Flock,
• Julian S. Reparaz,
• Clivia M. Sotomayor Torres,
• Alexander Klaiber,
• Thomas Dekorsy and
• Sebastian Polarz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2161–2172, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.222

• steadily increasing price, it is highly desired to identify materials alternatives containing highly abundant chemical elements. The doping of other metal oxides (e.g., zinc oxide, ZnO) is a promising approach, but two problems can be identified. Phase separation might occur at the required high

• and THz spectroscopies. Keywords: chemical doping; metal oxides; semiconductor nanoparticles; single-source precursors; Introduction There is an ever increasing demand for electrode materials exhibiting optical transparency in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum, because they are

• routes in the liquid phase are commonly applied [35][36][37]. Whereas, bottom-up techniques such as the sol–gel process for metal oxides [38][39] work perfectly for the generation of an entire zoo of nanostructures, to realize at the same time intentional doping of those nanostructures is extremely

An ISA-TAB-Nano based data collection framework to support data-driven modelling of nanotoxicology

• Richard L. Marchese Robinson,
• Mark T. D. Cronin,
• Andrea-Nicole Richarz and
• Robert Rallo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1978–1999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.202

• nanomaterials of diverse types (e.g., dendrimers, carbon nanotubes, surface-coated metal oxides) may comprise different components (e.g., core and shell), the initial rows of the Material file are used to describe the overall nanomaterial sample with subsequent rows used to describe the individual components

Metal hydrides: an innovative and challenging conversion reaction anode for lithium-ion batteries

• Luc Aymard,
• Yassine Oumellal and
• Jean-Pierre Bonnet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1821–1839, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.186

• . Previously, metal oxides, nitrides, sulfides, phosphides and fluorides were successively investigated as conversion-reaction materials for the negative electrodes of Li-ion batteries [1][2][3][4]. In 2008, metal hydrides were proposed for this purpose [5]. Compared to other conversion compounds MgH2 exhibits

• addition to the MgH2 carbon composite The improvement of the sorption kinetics of MgH2 through catalyst addition (i.e., transition metals [37][38] transition metal oxides [39][40][41] and halides [42]) has been widely studied in the literature. Nb2O5 is one of the most efficient catalysts [43] enabling

Nanotechnology in the real world: Redeveloping the nanomaterial consumer products inventory

• Marina E. Vance,
• Todd Kuiken,
• Eric P. Vejerano,
• Sean P. McGinnis,
• Michael F. Hochella Jr.,
• David Rejeski and
• Matthew S. Hull

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1769–1780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.181

• have been grouped into five major categories in Figure 2 and Figure 4, to improve their legibility: metal, carbonaceous, silicon, not advertised, and other. Nominally, metals and metal oxides comprise the largest nanomaterial composition group advertised in the inventory, listed in 37% of products

• available for purchase by consumers, the largest group (42%) consists of metal and metal oxide nanomaterials. Metals and metal oxides were also the largest composition for surface-bound particles and those suspended in liquid products. The majority (67%) of products with nanostructured surfaces consist of

• during use are expected to cause exposure [26]. Since metals and metal oxides are the most common nanomaterial composition in the CPI, they are also the most likely materials to which consumers will be exposed during the normal use of product via dermal, ingestion, and inhalation routes. Products

The eNanoMapper database for nanomaterial safety information

• Nina Jeliazkova,
• Charalampos Chomenidis,
• Philip Doganis,
• Bengt Fadeel,
• Roland Grafström,
• Barry Hardy,
• Janna Hastings,
• Markus Hegi,
• Vedrin Jeliazkov,
• Nikolay Kochev,
• Pekka Kohonen,
• Cristian R. Munteanu,
• Haralambos Sarimveis,
• Bart Smeets,
• Pantelis Sopasakis,
• Georgia Tsiliki,
• David Vorgrimmler and
• Egon Willighagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1609–1634, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.165

• variety of tests and endpoints, as recommended by the OECD WPMN. NanoWiki NanoWiki was originally developed as an internal knowledge base of the toxicity of, primarily, metal oxides at the Karolinska Institutet and Maastricht University. The database is developed as a wiki using the Semantic MediaWiki

• platform, running on a virtual machine using the VirtualBox software. The wiki contains physicochemical properties and toxicological data for more than three hundred nanomaterials: more than two hundred metal oxides, 80 carbon nanotubes, and a few metal and alloy particles. All nanomaterials originate from

Transformations of PTCDA structures on rutile TiO₂ induced by thermal annealing and intermolecular forces

• Szymon Godlewski,
• Jakub S. Prauzner-Bechcicki,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Ernst Meyer and
• Marek Szymoński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1498–1507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.155

• for proposing a means of control over that spontaneous process or for suggesting further post-processing methodology in the search of desired material. Among many different substrates that are used as templates for molecular growth, metal oxides are currently regarded as very promising supports. For

The convenient preparation of stable aryl-coated zerovalent iron nanoparticles

• Olga A. Guselnikova,
• Andrey I. Galanov,
• Anton K. Gutakovskii and
• Pavel S. Postnikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1192–1198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.121

• diazonium salts (ADSs) are excellent agents for the covalent grafting of organic functional groups onto carbon, metal and metal oxides surfaces [12][13]. Wide applicability of ADSs is due to their ease of preparation, possibility of fast electrolytic reduction, wide range of functional groups of diazonium

Pt- and Pd-decorated MWCNTs for vapour and gas detection at room temperature

• Hamdi Baccar,
• Atef Thamri,
• Pierrick Clément,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Adnane Abdelghani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 919–927, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.95

• that they can now be produced at relatively low cost [10][11][12][13][14] with a wide range of structures that can be used for different sensing applications [15][16][17]. Moreover, carbon nanotubes can operate at room temperature (in contrast to metal oxides that must be operated at relatively high

Morphological and structural characterization of single-crystal ZnO nanorod arrays on flexible and non-flexible substrates

• Omar F. Farhat,
• Mohd M. Halim,
• Mat J. Abdullah,
• Mohammed K. M. Ali and
• Nageh K. Allam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 720–725, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.73

• realized by adjusting the synthesis conditions. Keywords: chemical bath deposition (CBD); nanorods; Raman; XRD; ZnO; Introduction Metal oxides are multifunctional materials with a wide range of applications encompassing photonic devices, high-K dielectrics, sensors, implants, and solar cells [1][2]. It

• is currently perceived that nanoscale control of metal oxide architectures can be used to enhance their performance in these applications. In particular, zinc oxide (ZnO) can be considered the most important among all valve metal oxides. ZnO has been fabricated as nanowires, nanorods, nanoparticles

Self-assembled anchor layers/polysaccharide coatings on titanium surfaces: a study of functionalization and stability

• Ognen Pop-Georgievski,
• Dana Kubies,
• Josef Zemek,
• Neda Neykova,
• Roman Demianchuk,
• Eliška Mázl Chánová,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Milan Houska and
• František Rypáček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 617–631, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.63

• ) confluent films as a substrate-independent modification approach. The ability of PDA to adhere to solid surfaces stems from the reactivity of ortho-quinone/catechol moieties that form coordination bonds with surface metal oxides and covalent bonds with nucleophilic groups. In addition to this, the different

Nanoparticle shapes by using Wulff constructions and first-principles calculations

• Georgios D. Barmparis,
• Zbigniew Lodziana,
• Nuria Lopez and
• Ioannis N. Remediakis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 361–368, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.35

• . The surface energy of the low-index facets of LiBH4 was reported and the most consistent data point out that for (100), (010), (101), (011) facets the surface energy is below 0.115 J/m2 [64]. The shape of the nanocrystallite is presented in Figure 4. Contrary to the pure elements or metal oxides, for

Comparative evaluation of the impact on endothelial cells induced by different nanoparticle structures and functionalization

• Lisa Landgraf,
• Ines Müller,
• Peter Ernst,
• Miriam Schäfer,
• Christina Rosman,
• Isabel Schick,
• Oskar Köhler,
• Hartmut Oehring,
• Vladimir V. Breus,
• Thomas Basché,
• Carsten Sönnichsen,
• Wolfgang Tremel and
• Ingrid Hilger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 300–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.28

• characterization of the different nanoparticle formulations To investigate the effects of the shape, functionalization, size and composition of various nanoparticles on endothelial cells we used gold colloids (GNP), asymmetric gold@metal oxide Janus particles (Au@MnO or Au@Fe3O4), spherical metal oxides (MnO or

• elongated shape and consist of a gold domain with a core size of 3.5 nm or 8 nm. The gold domain was synthesized according to Peng et al. [65] and functionalized with 1-octadecanethiole baring a hydrophobic surface. The linkage of metal oxides (Fe3O4 or MnO) of 15 nm or 30 nm in diameter to the gold domain

Tunable light filtering by a Bragg mirror/heavily doped semiconducting nanocrystal composite

• Ilka Kriegel and
• Francesco Scotognella

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 193–200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.18

• . The refractive index dispersion for these two metal oxides was not considered since they are approximately constant in the energy range considered in this study. The absorption spectrum of the multilayer shows a peak centred at 1 eV (blue curves in Figure 3), due to the occurrence of the photonic band

Synthesis of boron nitride nanotubes and their applications

• Saban Kalay,
• Zehra Yilmaz,
• Ozlem Sen,
• Melis Emanet,
• Emine Kazanc and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 84–102, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.9

• that B3N3H6 and decaborane could be used as precursors [51]. In a recent study, a large scale, high-yield BNNT synthesis method was demonstrated based on CVD using boron and metal oxides to produce so-called BOCVD methods [43][52][53][54][55]. The chemical mechanism of BOCVD [43] is shown below. This

Inorganic Janus particles for biomedical applications

• Isabel Schick,
• Steffen Lorenz,
• Dominik Gehrig,
• Stefan Tenzer,
• Wiebke Storck,
• Karl Fischer,
• Dennis Strand,
• Frédéric Laquai and
• Wolfgang Tremel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2014, 5, 2346–2362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.5.244

• contains two or more chemical species with a combination of metals, metal oxides, or chalcogenides, the composition and distribution of each of those phases are crucial parameters in addition to crystal structure, size, and shape. The most commonly studied morphology of inorganic hetero-structured