Evaluation of replicas manufactured in a 3D-printed nanoimprint unit

• Manuel Caño-García,
• Morten A. Geday,
• Manuel Gil-Valverde,
• Xabier Quintana and
• José M. Otón

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1573–1581, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.149

• microelectronics, optics, photonic integrated circuits, plasmonics or microfluidics [3]. NIL is customarily split into three categories, “hard”, “soft” and “hybrid” NIL [4], depending on the kind of mold employed in the transfer. Hard NIL uses molds made of quartz or silicon, and allows for the transfer of

Photoluminescence of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots in nematic liquid crystals in electric fields

• Margarita A. Kurochkina,
• Elena A. Konshina and
• Daria Khmelevskaia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1544–1549, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.145

• of two quartz substrates with a fixed gap of about 33 μm. Both substrates were coated by cathode sputtering with transparent conductive electrodes based on indium tin oxide. Orienting layers of rubbed polyimide and chromolane were used to obtain a planar or vertical orientation of the LC molecules

• I/I0 (a) and decay times t/t0 (b) of the QD photoluminescence as functions of the electric field strength applied to LC cells with a planar (blue circles) and vertical (red circles) alignment. The insert shows the structure of a LC cell: 1 - quartz substrates, 2 - ITO electrode, 3 - orienting layer

Absence of free carriers in silicon nanocrystals grown from phosphorus- and boron-doped silicon-rich oxide and oxynitride

• Daniel Hiller,
• Julian López-Vidrier,
• Keita Nomoto,
• Michael Wahl,
• Wolfgang Bock,
• Tomáš Chlouba,
• František Trojánek,
• Sebastian Gutsch,
• Margit Zacharias,
• Dirk König,
• Petr Malý and
• Michael Kopnarski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1501–1511, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.141

• SRO, or respectively, SRON were deposited on Si and quartz glass substrates by PECVD using processes described in [16][17]. Small amounts of 1% PH3/Ar, or respectively, 10% B2H6/SiH4 were added to the Si-rich layers (both SRO and SRON) whereas in all cases the SiO2 barrier layers remained undoped. All

• samples were annealed for 1 h in ultra-pure N2 in a quartz tube furnace at 1100 °C (SRO) and 1150 °C (SRON). The thicknesses of the Si-rich oxide layers determine the mean size of the Si NCs to be of approximately the size of the initial layer thickness. Samples dedicated to luminescence and electrical

Electrostatically actuated encased cantilevers

• Benoit X. E. Desbiolles,
• Gabriela Furlan,
• Adam M. Schwartzberg,
• Paul D. Ashby and
• Dominik Ziegler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1381–1389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.130

• peaks include adding damping elements [5][6] or using alternative excitation methods such as resistive thermal [7][8], piezoelectric [9], electrostriction [10], or quartz-crystal tuning forks [11][12] that all solely excite the cantilever without inducing motion of the entire chip or the surrounding

Review on nanoparticles and nanostructured materials: history, sources, toxicity and regulations

• Jaison Jeevanandam,
• Ahmed Barhoum,
• Yen S. Chan,
• Alain Dufresne and
• Michael K. Danquah

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1050–1074, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.98

• process to synthesize ≈5 nm diameter PbS NPs for hair dye [23]. Similarly, “Egyptian blue” was the first synthetic pigment which was prepared and used by Egyptians using a sintered mixture nanometer-sized glass and quartz around 3rd century BC [24]. Egyptian blue represents a multifaceted mixture of

• CaCuSi4O10 and SiO2 (both glass and quartz). In ancient geographical regions of the Roman Empire, including countries such as Egypt, Mesopotamia, and Greece, the extensive use of Egyptian blue for decorative purposes has been observed during archaeological explorations. The synthesis of metallic NPs via

Enzymatically promoted release of organic molecules linked to magnetic nanoparticles

• Chiara Lambruschini,
• Silvia Villa,
• Luca Banfi,
• Fabio Canepa,
• Fabio Morana,
• Annalisa Relini,
• Paola Riani,
• Renata Riva and
• Fulvio Silvetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 986–999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.92

• equal to 10 °C/min. The fluorescence spectra were acquired between 350 and 500 nm (λex = 345 nm) at 25 °C at a concentration of NPs of 0.16 mg/mL. A Fluorolog spectrofluorometer (Horiba Jobin-Yvon, Edison, NJ) and 10 mm path length quartz cells were used. DC magnetization was performed in a dc

Electro-optical interfacial effects on a graphene/π-conjugated organic semiconductor hybrid system

• Karolline A. S. Araujo,
• Luiz A. Cury,
• Matheus J. S. Matos,
• Thales F. D. Fernandes,
• Luiz G. Cançado and
• Bernardo R. A. Neves

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 963–974, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.90

• microns in lateral size and tens, or hundreds, of graphene layers in thickness [62][63], which is exactly the substrate we used for SPM and PL measurements. Monolayer graphene flakes, necessary for achieving the highest sensitivity in Raman experiments [47][48], were deposited on Si oxide or quartz

Comparative study of sculptured metallic thin films deposited by oblique angle deposition at different temperatures

• Susann Liedtke,
• Christoph Grüner,
• Jürgen W. Gerlach and
• Bernd Rauschenbach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 954–962, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.89

• constant at 0.5 nm/s. The deposition rate and the deposited film thickness were controlled by a crystal quartz micro balance. The distance between crucible and LN2-sample holder was 35 cm, while this distance was 30 cm for the sample holder with the heating system. The samples were analyzed by scanning

Optical orientation of nematic liquid crystal droplets via photoisomerization of an azodendrimer dopant

• Sergey A. Shvetsov,
• Alexander V. Emelyanenko,
• Natalia I. Boiko,
• Alexander S. Zolot'ko,
• Yan-Song Zhang,
• Jui-Hsiang Liu and
• Alexei R. Khokhlov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 870–879, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.81

• concentrations, NLC-6816 doped with 0.1 wt % of G5 dendrimer and NLC-6816 doped with 0.1 wt % of monomer M [39], which is identical to the dendrimer terminal moieties, were investigated. These mixtures were placed into 100 μm-thick quartz cells. A planar orientation of the NLCs was reached by coating the cell

Comparative study of antibacterial properties of polystyrene films with TiO_x and Cu nanoparticles fabricated using cluster beam technique

• Vladimir N. Popok,
• Cesarino M. Jeppesen,
• Peter Fojan,
• Anna Kuzminova,
• Jan Hanuš and
• Ondřej Kylián

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 861–869, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.80

• toluene. Thin films are coated on silicon and quartz substrates of 10 × 10 mm2 and annealed at 110 °C (above the glass transition temperature). The thickness of PS films was measured by ellipsometry and found to be 50 ± 5 nm. Ti clusters are produced by magnetron sputtering in a cluster source similar to

Perfusion double-channel micropipette probes for oxygen flux mapping with single-cell resolution

• Yang Gao,
• Bin Li,
• Riju Singhal,
• Adam Fontecchio,
• Ben Pelleg,
• Zulfiya Orynbayeva,
• Yury Gogotsi and
• Gary Friedman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 850–860, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.79

• the flow velocity field calculated from the previous study, R is the reaction rate, and is the flux, respectively. For hydrodynamic confinement verification, a 400 μm long quartz theta pipette was built at the top center in a water-filled rectangular computational region of (500 × 400 × 400 μm3). The

Surface-plasmon-enhanced ultraviolet emission of Au-decorated ZnO structures for gas sensing and photocatalytic devices

• T. Anh Thu Do,
• Truong Giang Ho,
• Thu Hoai Bui,
• Quang Ngan Pham,
• Hong Thai Giang,
• Thi Thu Do,
• Duc Van Nguyen and
• Dai Lam Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 771–779, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.70

• activity wase evaluated by the photodegradation of an aqueous rhodamine B (RhB) solution at room temperature. Experiments were performed as follows: the prepared ZnO and Au NP/ZnO films (7.5 × 7.5 mm) were added into 2 mL of an aqueous RhB solution (1 × 10−6 M) in a quartz cuvette, and then the cell was

Optimisation of purification techniques for the preparation of large-volume aqueous solar nanoparticle inks for organic photovoltaics

• Furqan Almyahi,
• Thomas R. Andersen,
• Nathan A. Cooling,
• Natalie P. Holmes,
• Matthew J. Griffith,
• Krishna Feron,
• Xiaojing Zhou,
• Warwick J. Belcher and
• Paul C. Dastoor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 649–659, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.60

• force microscope (AFM) operated in AC mode was used to probe the nanoparticle films. Film samples for AFM were spin-coated on quartz glass substrates at 2000 rpm for 1 min. A Zeiss Sigma ZP field-emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM) was used to image the nanoparticle films (operating at

Fabrication and photoactivity of ionic liquid–TiO₂ structures for efficient visible-light-induced photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants in aqueous phase

• Anna Gołąbiewska,
• Marta Paszkiewicz-Gawron,
• Aleksandra Sadzińska,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewelina Grabowska,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Justyna Łuczak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 580–590, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.54

• (Oriel, light flux 6.5–7.5 mW/cm2) which emitted both UV and visible-light irradiation. The photoreactor (V = 25 cm3, i.d. 37 mm, length 30 mm) was equipped with a quartz window and exposure layer thickness was 3 cm. The optical path included a water filter and a glass filter (GG 420) which cut-off

Green synthesis of fluorescent carbon dots from spices for in vitro imaging and tumour cell growth inhibition

• Nagamalai Vasimalai,
• Vânia Vilas-Boas,
• Juan Gallo,
• María de Fátima Cerqueira,
• Mario Menéndez-Miranda,
• José Manuel Costa-Fernández,
• Lorena Diéguez,
• Begoña Espiña and
• María Teresa Fernández-Argüelles

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 530–544, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.51

• xenon discharge lamp, 1 cm quartz cell at room temperature. For all the fluorescence measurements, excitation and emission slit widths were kept at 5 nm. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential studies were performed on a Horiba nanoPartica SZ-100 instrument (Horiba Scientific, USA). For this

Colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles for label-free colorimetric sensing of ammonia in aqueous solutions

• Alessandro Buccolieri,
• Antonio Serra,
• Gabriele Giancane and
• Daniela Manno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 499–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.48

• Colloidal silver nanoparticles were monitored at different reaction times (from 0 until saturation) and at different concentrations of ammonia. Aqueous solutions containing AgNO3 and increasing ammonia concentrations were used as references. A Varian Cary 5 spectrophotometer with a quartz cuvette of 10 mm

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO₂

• Patrycja Parnicka,
• Paweł Mazierski,
• Tomasz Grzyb,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewa Kowalska,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

• cut-off wavelengths shorter than 350 or 420 nm, respectively. The experimental procedure was as follows: Nd-TiO2 powder (125 mg) was suspended in aqueous solutions of phenol (0.21 mM) or terephthalic acid (0.5 mM) or in an aqueous solution of scavenger and phenol in a quartz photoreactor (working

• stainless steel reactor with the working volume of about 35 mL equipped with a quartz window, two valves and a septum. An array of five LEDs (λmax = 415 nm) was used as an irradiation source. A glass plate covered by Nd-modified TiO2 was placed at the bottom side of the reactor followed by closing the

• reactor with a quartz window. Subsequently, the gaseous mixture was passed through the reaction chamber for 1 min. After closing the valves, the reactor was kept in dark for 30 min in order to achieve adsorption equilibrium. A reference of 200 μL sample was taken just before starting irradiation and

Engineering of oriented carbon nanotubes in composite materials

• Razieh Beigmoradi,
• Abdolreza Samimi and
• Davod Mohebbi-Kalhori

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 415–435, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.41

• on a substrate made of quartz [126]. Phase analysis methods In these methods, the crystal structure or the minerals in the material are identified. For example, the type and percentage of oxides contained in a sample can be identified and measured. The most famous phase analysis method is X-ray

Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of TiO₂-pillared montmorillonite obtained by hydrothermally activated intercalation of titanium polyhydroxo complexes

• Mikhail F. Butman,
• Nikolay L. Ovchinnikov,
• Nikita S. Karasev,
• Nataliya E. Kochkina,
• Alexander V. Agafonov and
• Alexandr V. Vinogradov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 364–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.36

• mercury lamp rated at 250 watts with an emission maximum at 365 nm. The lamp was located in a water cooled quartz jacket placed in the center of the reaction vessel with a volume of 800 mL. The bottom of the reactor featured a magnetic stirrer, which ensured effective mixing of the reaction mass. The

BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials with petal-like surfaces as catalysts and antibacterial agents

• Konstantin L. Firestein,
• Denis V. Leybo,
• Alexander E. Steinman,
• Andrey M. Kovalskii,
• Andrei T. Matveev,
• Anton M. Manakhov,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Pavel V. Slukin,
• Nadezda K. Fursova,
• Sergey G. Ignatov,
• Dmitri V. Golberg and
• Dmitry V. Shtansky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 250–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.27

• catalytic oxidation of methanol for both types of BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials are presented in Figure 5a. Quartz pellets (curve 1) and raw BN NPs (curve 2) were used as the reference samples. The UV BN/Ag HNMs demonstrated much better catalytic activity (curve 4) in comparison to hybrid nanomaterials

• stability of their catalytic properties. Interestingly, the catalytic activity of pure BN NPs was higher compared with inert quartz spheres. This result supports the conclusion of Lyalin et al. [15], who suggested that the impurities and other defects in a h-BN structure enhance the catalytic activity of h

• groups [24]. The formation of silicon oxide can be explained by a chemical reaction between the molten B2O3 phase in the BN/Ag HNMs and the quartz pellets. In addition, the UV BN/Ag sample revealed absorption bands within the 500–700 cm−1 range (Figure 6, spectrum 4), which can be ascribed to the

Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels

• Stefanie Krüger,
• Michael Schwarze,
• Otto Baumann,
• Christina Günter,
• Michael Bruns,
• Christian Kübel,
• Dorothée Vinga Szabó,
• Rafael Meinusch,
• Verónica de Zea Bermudez and
• Andreas Taubert

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 187–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.21

• (Ag) NPs or TiO2 nano-grass films with AuNP for photocatalytic water splitting [29][30]. Matsuoka et al. sputtered TiO2 on a quartz glass plate by radiofrequency (RF) magnetron sputtering deposition followed by Pt deposition to make a TiO2 thin film photocatalyst for water splitting [31]. Finally

• with cooling, a Teflon inlet as reaction chamber, and a 6 cm diameter quartz glass window [57]. The irradiation area is given by the size of the solid sample that was irradiated. A solar simulator (LOT Oriel Quantum Design), which is basically a 300 W Xe-lamp equipped with an AM-1.5G filter, was used

• to the data presented here. Chen et al. [23] demonstrated that a high amount of AuNP leads to AuNP clusters, which promote the recombination of electron–hole-pairs. The same studies also show an effect of the irradiation wavelength. Matsuoka et al. [31] deposited TiO2 on a quartz glass plate. The

Growth model and structure evolution of Ag layers deposited on Ge films

• Arkadiusz Ciesielski,
• Lukasz Skowronski,
• Ewa Górecka,
• Jakub Kierdaszuk and
• Tomasz Szoplik

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 66–76, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.9

• rate of 0.5 Å/s. Silver was evaporated at an average deposition rate of 2 Å/s. LiF was evaporated at an average deposition rate of 1 Å/s to form a 3 nm thick capping layer. The deposition rate and total film thickness were monitored by two quartz weights inside the deposition chamber. Then, film

Facile synthesis of silver/silver thiocyanate (Ag@AgSCN) plasmonic nanostructures with enhanced photocatalytic performance

• Xinfu Zhao,
• Dairong Chen,
• Abdul Qayum,
• Bo Chen and
• Xiuling Jiao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2781–2789, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.277

• taken every 10 min and centrifuged to remove the dispersed photocatalyst, and the supernatant was transferred to a quartz cuvette to measure the UV–vis absorption spectrum. The concentration change of oxytetracycline was monitored according to its maximum absorbance at 364 nm (λmax) recorded by a Perkin

The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics

• Ioannis Kanelidis and
• Tobias Kraus

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263

• spherical and rod-like gold nanoparticles dispersed in a formulation with PEDOT:PSS. Composite films with nanorod volume fractions between 10 and 70% were deposited onto quartz substrates; the film with the highest metal content reached a conductivity of 2000 S/cm without further processing, approximately

Localized growth of carbon nanotubes via lithographic fabrication of metallic deposits

• Fan Tu,
• Martin Drost,
• Imre Szenti,
• Janos Kiss,
• Zoltan Kónya and
• Hubertus Marbach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2592–2605, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.260

• films were prepared via sputter coating on a SiOx/Si(100) surface. As depicted in Figure 11, catalytic CVD experiments were carried out at atmospheric pressure in a horizontal quartz tube (MTA-SZTE Reaction Kinetics and Surface Chemistry Research Group, University of Szeged, Hungary). The tube was

• located inside a horizontal electrical furnace (Lenton), enabling heating to the desired CNT growth temperature. The system was equipped with a mass flow controller, allowing a precise flow of gas mixtures. The sample was placed in a quartz boat located in the quartz tube. Prior to the CVD reaction, the