Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• resonance [10], Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) [11], UV–vis absorption spectrometry [12], mass spectrometry (MS) [13], titration microcalorimetry [14], high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) [15], gas chromatography (GC), capillary electrophoresis (CE) [16], and electrochemical chiral

Rapid fabrication of MgO@g-C₃N₄ heterojunctions for photocatalytic nitric oxide removal

• Minh-Thuan Pham,
• Duyen P. H. Tran,
• Xuan-Thanh Bui and
• Sheng-Jie You

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1141–1154, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.96

• -transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to determine the chemical bond composition of the materials. Differential reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) determined the change in the bandgap of the materials. The elements of the materials were identified by high-resolution X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy

• cycles, respectively. The photocatalytic NO degradation efficiency decreased by 7% after five cycles. The FTIR spectra and the XRD patterns of the 3% MgO@g-C3N4 before and after the recycling test are shown in Figure S1a and Figure S1b of Supporting Information File 1, respectively. The results indicate

• values of g-C3N4, MgO, 1% MgO@g-C3N4, 3% MgO@g-C3N4, and 5% MgO@g-C3N4 are −201.6%, −58.2%, −160.8%, 47.4%, and −25.8%, respectively. XRD and FTIR analyses XRD patterns of the synthesized materials are shown in Figure 4a. There are two distinct diffraction peaks at 2θ = 13° and 27.4°, which were assigned

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• cerasifera fruit was used to synthesize highly luminescent CDs via a hydrothermal method. The reaction temperature and time used were 200 °C and 20 h, respectively. Characterization techniques such as TEM, FTIR, and XPS were used to study the CDs which were almost spherical and had high nitrogen content [49

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• microwave-assisted approach with different fractions of Ag, Cu, and Co, that is, Ag0.6Co1.5Cu1.5 (ACC-1), Ag2.0Co1.0Cu1.0 (ACC-2), and Ag6.0Co1.0Cu1.0 (ACC-3). Our method is convenient and efficient for designing a sustainable electrode material for the ORR in alkaline media. XRD, FTIR, and SEM were used to

• the trimetallic oxide NPs. The graphene oxide support provides the necessary functional groups for the cohesion of binary and ternary metallic oxide NPs (Figure S2a, Supporting Information File 1). The functional groups and the metal oxygen bonds were determined by FTIR spectroscopy, besides the

• shown in Figure 7b. Following the stability investigation, another assessment of functional groups and morphology of ACC-2 was carried out by FTIR and SEM (Figure S11, Supporting Information File 1). There is no considerable change in the morphological integrity of the catalyst (before and after 10,000

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• (FTIR) spectra of the samples were recorded on the Nicolet iS10 spectrometer. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiment was performed on the Thermo Scientific ESCALAB 250Xi spectrometer equipped with an Al Kα X-ray source at an energy value of 1486.6 eV. The XPS spectra were calibrated by

• presence of the hierarchical TiO2 nanotubes influences and inhibits the crystallinity of Bi2WO6 in between the interface of the two phases, revealing the strong interaction between TiO2 and Bi2WO6 phases [35][36]. Figure 2b displays the FTIR spectra of the hierarchical Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposites, pure

• TiO2-NT, and pure Bi2WO6 powder samples, where all present two similar absorption bands at 1625 and 3420 cm−1 which can be indexed to the stretching vibration of adsorbed H2O and –OH group on the sample surface [37]. Apart from the 30%−Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposite, the FTIR spectra of the other Bi2WO6

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• (ULVAC-PHI, U.S.) with monochromatic Al Kα (hν = 1486.6 eV) radiation, and a beam size of 100 μm. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) absorption spectra of GO and ERGO were collected in the 4000–400 cm−1 region on a Perkin Elmer spectrometer as KBr (Sigma-Aldrich, Germany) pellets. The crystalline

• , has been chosen for an efficient conversion of GO to ERGO. Figure 1C shows the characteristic FTIR spectra of GO and ERGO (in PBS, pH 4.5) to identify the change of functional groups due to electrolytic reduction of GO. The predominant characteristic absorption peaks of GO include a broad peak at 3426

• and/or epoxy C–O stretching vibration. The significant reduction of the FTIR signal intensity of ERGO for –OH, –C=O, and –C–O suggests the successful formation of ERGO due to the electrochemical deoxygenation of GO, which corroborates the Raman analysis. Figure 1D depicts a characteristic XRD peak of

Antibacterial activity of a berberine nanoformulation

• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Tuyet Nhung Pham,
• Anh-Tuan Le,
• Nguyen Thanh Thuy,
• Tran Quang Huy and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 641–652, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.56

• of glycerol on the physicochemical properties of BBR NPs was investigated by UV–vis absorption and FTIR spectroscopy. The UV–vis absorption spectra of pure BBR and BBR NP solutions in distilled water at the same concentration are shown in Figure 1. Glycerol has no absorption band in the UV–vis

• , whereas the solubility of BBR NPs was significantly enhanced. The chemical characteristics of BBR and BBR NPs were analyzed through FTIR spectroscopy (Figure 2). In the FTIR spectrum of glycerol (Figure 2a), the absorption band appearing at 3287 cm−1 is characteristic for stretching vibrations of the –OH

• group. The two bands with maxima at 2934 and 2880 cm−1 are ascribed to symmetrical and asymmetrical –CH2 vibrations. The band at 1032 cm−1 is attributed to C–H deformation vibrations and C–C stretching vibrations. In the FTIR spectrum of pure BBR (Figure 2c), an intense broad band at 3414 cm−1 appeared

Detection and imaging of Hg(II) in vivo using glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles

• Gufeng Li,
• Shaoqing Li,
• Rui Wang,
• Min Yang,
• Lizhu Zhang,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Wenrong Yang and
• Hongbin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 549–559, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.46

• the GSH and Rh6G2 were successfully bound to the surface of GNPs. FTIR spectra of GNPs, GSH, GNPs-GSH, and GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2 are presented in Figure 2e. As citrate ions are attached on the surface of GNP, C=O, and C–O stretching vibration modes occur at 1655 and 1443 cm−1, respectively. The peaks of GSH

• Fluorescence spectrophotometer (Hitachi, Japan). Mean particle size and the zeta potential were recorded using a Zetasizer Nano ZS90 (Malvern, UK). A Nicolet iS10 infrared spectrometer (Nicolet, USA) was used to gather FTIR spectra in a scanning range of 400–4000 cm−1. Fluorescence images of cells were

• GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2; (e) FTIR spectra of GNPs, GSH, GNPs-GSH, and GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2. (a) Fluorescence intensity of GNPs-GSH-RH6G2 as function of the ratio between nGSH and nRh6G2 (nGNPs is 0.0726 µmol); (b) fluorescence intensity of GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2 synthesized using different amounts of GSH (nGNPs and nRH6G2

Coordination-assembled myricetin nanoarchitectonics for sustainably scavenging free radicals

• Xiaoyan Ma,
• Haoning Gong,
• Kenji Ogino,
• Xuehai Yan and
• Ruirui Xing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 284–291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.23

• component co-assembles with Myr and GSH. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra were used to further confirm the self-assembly of the MZG nanoparticles. In Figure 2d, the two bands at 2522 cm−1 and 3350 cm−1 were assigned to the mercapto group (–SH) and the stretching vibration of the amino group (–NH2

• ) FTIR spectra of MZG, GSH, and Myr. (e) Stability evaluation of MZG nanoparticles during incubation in aqueous solution at 37 °C for 24 h. (f) Stability evaluation of MZG nanoparticles during incubation in the mixture medium of PBS containing 9% DMEM and 1% FBS (v/v) at 37 °C for 24 h (equivalent

Enhancement of the piezoelectric coefficient in PVDF-TrFe/CoFe₂O₄ nanocomposites through DC magnetic poling

• Marco Fortunato,
• Alessio Tamburrano,
• Maria Paola Bracciale,
• Maria Laura Santarelli and
• Maria Sabrina Sarto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1262–1270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.93

• influenced by magnetic poling, we performed FTIR analyses of six different samples. Figure 1 shows the FTIR spectra of the nanocomposite specimen produced with a CoFe2O4 nanoparticle content of 5 wt %, poled for increasing time (from 60 to 120 min) at increasing strengths of the DC magnetic field (50 and 110

• nanoparticles, the measured FTIR spectra show a broadband shoulder close to the α phase peak located at 763 cm−1 (probably due to the interaction between polymer and nanoparticles), making the evaluation of the relative fraction of β phase by using Equation 1 difficult. By deconvolving the shoulder from the

• to what has been reported in [25], where an increase of F(β) was observed, with a maximum increase for magnetic fields around 400 Oe. Furthermore, analyzing the FTIR data in the range of 1600–1900 cm−1, as reported in Figure 1, we observed that a broad peak at 1740 cm−1 appears in the spectra of all

Electrical, electrochemical and structural studies of a chlorine-derived ionic liquid-based polymer gel electrolyte

• Ashish Gupta,
• Amrita Jain,
• Manju Kumari and
• Santosh K. Tripathi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1252–1261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.92

• . We are also grateful to Dr. J.K. Bera, Department of Chemistry, IIT Kanpur for providing FTIR facilities, Dr. Kamlesh Pandey, NCEMP, Allahabad for providing SEM facilities, Dr. Ajay Gupta and Dr. Mukul Gupta, UGC-DAE Consortium for Scientific Research, Indore-centre for providing the XRD facility and

pH-driven enhancement of anti-tubercular drug loading on iron oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in macrophages

• Karishma Berta Cotta,
• Sarika Mehra and
• Rajdip Bandyopadhyaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1127–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.84

• the interaction of water molecules with the Fe ions on the surface of IONPs, which in turn facilitates protonation and deprotonation with varying pH [33]. Characteristic iron oxide and NOR peaks were observed in their respective FTIR spectra and were used as a reference for comparison with the coated

• samples (Figure 2e,f). FTIR peaks observed at 587–590 cm−1, 1630 cm−1 and 3420 cm−1 in Figure 2e correspond to Fe–O vibrations and O–H bending and stretching vibrations, respectively [34]. The O–H vibrations present in the iron oxide nanoparticles possibly arise from the association of oxygen from the

• individual nanoparticles (Figure 3b), clearly indicating a reduced aggregate size in comparison to the UIONPs which was also indicated by the reduced FWHM, i.e., 40.72 nm. The XRD pattern confirmed the presence of iron oxide nanoparticles (Figure 3c). The FTIR spectrum of NOR@IONPpH5 indicated the presence

Comprehensive review on ultrasound-responsive theranostic nanomaterials: mechanisms, structures and medical applications

• Sepand Tehrani Fateh,
• Lida Moradi,
• Elmira Kohan,
• Michael R. Hamblin and
• Amin Shiralizadeh Dezfuli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 808–862, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.64

The preparation temperature influences the physicochemical nature and activity of nanoceria

• Robert A. Yokel,
• Wendel Wohlleben,
• Johannes Georg Keller,
• Matthew L. Hancock,
• Jason M. Unrine,
• D. Allan Butterfield and
• Eric A. Grulke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 525–540, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.43

• 900 °C at 10 °C/min. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) (Nicolet 6700 FTIR with a diamond ATR crystal) was used to detect organic functional groups on the ENM surface. Thirty-two scans were completed. Nanoceria calcination Two samples (6.5 and 6.7 mg) of solvothermally synthesized

• ), indicative of some organic surface coating, as previously reported [7]. The TGA weight loss for the solvothermally synthesized nanoceria was much greater (ca. 15%) due to its citrate coating (Figure 8 of [35]). FTIR, not previously reported for NM-212, showed small peaks at ca. 1630, 1420, and 1320 cm−1

• , attributed to N–O, –COOH, or hydroxy groups; probably COOH and the stretching mode of O–H bonds; and either –CH or C–O–C, respectively [16][49][50] (Figure 4). Due to the citrate coating on the solvothermally synthesized nanoceria, the FTIR spectrum shows additional large peaks at 1535 and 1365 cm−1 (Figure

Boosting of photocatalytic hydrogen evolution via chlorine doping of polymeric carbon nitride

• Malgorzata Aleksandrzak,
• Michalina Kijaczko,
• Wojciech Kukulka,
• Daria Baranowska,
• Martyna Baca,
• Beata Zielinska and
• Ewa Mijowska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 473–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.38

• the interlayers of PCN and not on its π-conjugated planes as it is in the case with other commonly used metal/non-metal (Cu, Ni, C, N or O) modifications [42][43][44][45][46]. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was used to obtain the molecular structure information of the carbon nitride

• materials. The FTIR absorption analysis was recorded in the spectral range of 600–3600 cm−1 to examine the surface of the prepared materials (Figure 3a). The FTIR spectra of both samples (before and after doping) reveal that the positions of the vibration peaks are nearly the same, indicating a similar

• packing motif of the tri-s-triazine units. The shift from 27.38° to 27.30° is caused by the increased internal distance of PCN by Cl doping, which is in good agreement with AFM data and suggests that Cl is located at the interlayers of carbon nitride. Moreover, the XRD and FTIR analyses confirmed that the

A review on the green and sustainable synthesis of silver nanoparticles and one-dimensional silver nanostructures

• Sina Kaabipour and
• Shohreh Hemmati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 102–136, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.9

• spherical in morphology and range from 5–200 nm in size. The mechanism through which AgNPs are synthesized is still not well understood; however, Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy results from previous studies suggest that carboxylic and hydroxylic groups, in addition to primary and secondary

• respect to reaction conditions. FTIR results show that similar to bacteria, carbonyl, amide, and hydroxy groups corresponding to the cellular protein are responsible for the synthesis and stabilization of AgNPs [178][179]. The less non-pathogenic behavior of fungi and their faster synthesis rate suggest

• can be proved by FTIR observations, where polyphenols are a major common functional group responsible for reduction of Ag ions and stabilization of AgNPs (Table 2). The AgNPs can be functionalized with respect to the type of plant or plant extract reagent and reaction conditions [307]. Plants are a

Unravelling the interfacial interaction in mesoporous SiO₂@nickel phyllosilicate/TiO₂ core–shell nanostructures for photocatalytic activity

• Bridget K. Mutuma,
• Xiluva Mathebula,
• Isaac Nongwe,
• Bonakele P. Mtolo,
• Boitumelo J. Matsoso,
• Rudolph Erasmus,
• Zikhona Tetana and
• Neil J. Coville

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1834–1846, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.165

• infrared (FTIR) spectrometer with measurements between 600 cm−1 and 4000 cm−1. The XPS analyses were obtained with a Kratos Axis supra spectrometer using an Al Kα source. Photocatalytic test A glass reactor equipped with a 100 W high-pressure mercury lamp (Sol 2A, Newport 94022A model) was used and the

Nanocasting synthesis of BiFeO₃ nanoparticles with enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity

• Thomas Cadenbach,
• Maria J. Benitez,
• A. Lucia Morales,
• Cesar Costa Vera,
• Luis Lascano,
• Francisco Quiroz,
• Alexis Debut and
• Karla Vizuete

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1822–1833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.164

• electron microscope (TEM). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra of the nanoscale materials were recorded using a Jasco FT IR-4700 spectrometer. Bandgap information was obtained using the spectra recorded in a Perkin Elmer UV–vis spectrometer with an integrating sphere. Spectra were suitably

PEG/PEI-functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes as delivery carriers for doxorubicin: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro evaluation

• Shuoye Yang,
• Zhenwei Wang,
• Yahong Ping,
• Yuying Miao,
• Yongmei Xiao,
• Lingbo Qu,
• Lu Zhang,
• Yuansen Hu and
• Jinshui Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1728–1741, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.155

• ). Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra in the range from 500 to 4000 cm−1 were recorded with a FTIR spectrometer (Nicolet IS10). X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was conducted using a BRUKER D8 X-ray diffractometer in the 2θ range of 0–100° at a scanning rate of 5°·min−1. For atomic force microscopy

• shown in Figure 4C, the weak peak of 3455 cm−1 in the FTIR spectrum of raw SWCNTs is characteristic for O–H. The absorption peaks at about 3434 cm−1 (indicating O–H) and 1630 cm−1 (denoting C=O) of the CNTs-COOH samples are both attributed to the carboxy groups, and the former becomes notably sharper

• different acid solutions: (B) H2SO4/H2O2, (C) HNO3, (D) H2SO4/HNO3, (E) CNTs-PEG and (F) CNTs-PEG-PEI. Characterization of different nanocarriers. (A, B) XPS spectra, (C) FTIR spectra, (D) XRD diffraction patterns (a: raw SWCNTs; b–d: CNTs-COOH synthesized using different acid solutions, b: H2SO4/H2O2, c

Cardiomyocyte uptake mechanism of a hydroxyapatite nanoparticle mediated gene delivery system

• Hiroaki Komuro,
• Masahiro Yamazoe,
• Kosuke Nozaki,
• Akiko Nagai and
• Tetsuo Sasano

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1685–1692, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.150

• HAp nanoparticles were prepared using the water-in-oil (W/O) emulsion method. The characterization of the prepared HAp nanoparticles was carried out using transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). TEM provided insight into the

• the as-prepared sample are consistent with the characteristic peaks of the standard hydroxyapatite peak positions and with the corresponding intensities of the diffraction peaks for HAp (International Centre for Diffraction Data, ICDD, no. 09-0432, vertical lines). The FTIR absorption spectra of the

• . This material was found to correspond to the B-type carbonate-containing HAp in which the phosphate group was substituted by the carbonate group absorption band in the FTIR spectrum. The carbonate amount, including the HAp crystalline structure that was calculated in a previous report, was

Piezoelectric sensor based on graphene-doped PVDF nanofibers for sign language translation

• Shuai Yang,
• Xiaojing Cui,
• Rui Guo,
• Zhiyi Zhang,
• Shengbo Sang and
• Hulin Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1655–1662, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.148

• , and 1.0 wt %. Figure 2b shows SEM images after doping with different concentrations. It can be found that all spinning solutions yield a uniform fiber film without GR agglomeration after electrospinning. Figure 2c shows the FTIR spectra of samples with different doping concentrations. Further, XRD was

• concentrations. (c) FTIR spectra of the PVDF fibers. (d) XRD patterns of the PVDF fibers. (e) Stress–strain curves of the PVDF fibers. (a) Schematic diagram of the PES under external pressure. (b) Output voltage as a function of the applied pressure for different doping concentrations. (c) Waveforms

High-responsivity hybrid α-Ag₂S/Si photodetector prepared by pulsed laser ablation in liquid

• Raid A. Ismail,
• Hanan A. Rawdhan and
• Duha S. Ahmed

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1596–1607, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.142

• reference in one cuvette and the second cuvette was filled with thiourea solution and Ag2S nanoparticles. An X-ray diffractometer (XRD-6000, Shimadzu) was used to investigate the structural properties of Ag2S NPs deposited on the glass substrate. A Fourier-transform IR (FTIR) spectrophotometer (8400S

• NPs. CTAB has a positive surface charge [36], and CTAB molecules accumulated on the surfaces of the Ag2S NPs and repelled other Ag2S NPs due to the mobile electronic charges in Ag2S (negative surface charge). The FTIR spectra of the Ag2S NPs prepared with and without the CTAB surfactant measured in

• . Two peaks appeared at 2842 and 2942 cm−1 in the FTIR spectrum of Ag2S prepared with CTAB. These peaks were attributed to the methylene (–CH2) extension vibration, indicating the adsorption of CTAB on the nanostructure surface. The broad IR peak at 3400 cm−1 is indexed to the presence of adsorbed water

Cu₂O nanoparticles for the degradation of methyl parathion

• Juan Rizo,
• David Díaz,
• Benito Reyes-Trejo and
• M. Josefina Arellano-Jiménez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1546–1555, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.137

• surface of the Cu2O NPs when they are placed in water [47][48]. One important difference in the O 1s XPS spectra between 16 nm and 29 nm NPs is the peak at 533.4 eV, which corresponds to CuCO3 [52]. This carbonate species is also observed in the FTIR spectra. The carbonate species is formed only on the 16

Transient coating of γ-Fe₂O₃ nanoparticles with glutamate for its delivery to and removal from brain nerve terminals

• Konstantin Paliienko,
• Artem Pastukhov,
• Michal Babič,
• Daniel Horák,
• Olga Vasylchenko and
• Tatiana Borisova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1381–1393, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.122

• the ligands. Raman and FTIR spectroscopy measurements showed that glutamate and aspartate salts were adsorbed at the surface of γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles [20]. It should be noted that the methodological protocol of above experiments on glutamate and aspartate chemisorption suggested the use of bio

Structure and electrochemical performance of electrospun-ordered porous carbon/graphene composite nanofibers

• Yi Wang,
• Yanhua Song,
• Chengwei Ye and
• Lan Xu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 1280–1290, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.112

• ) analysis (Rigaku D/Max-rB, Japan), with diffraction angle values ranging from 5° to 60°, was performed to examine the crystalline structure of CCGNFs. A Fourier-transform infrared spectrometer (FTIR) (Frontier, Perkin-Elmer Company, USA) was used to investigate the structural changes of the CNFs before and

• porous structure on the surface of the CGCNFs, due to the decomposition of the PGCNFs and PAN coating during carbonization. FTIR and XRD spectra analysis The FTIR spectra were used to analyze whether there was any interaction between PAN and graphene. In the PAN spectrum, the absorption peaks at 1239

• ) FTIR spectra of PAN nanofibers (dark green), graphene (light green), PGCNFs (purple) and CGCNFs (cyan). (b) XRD results of PAN nanofibers (cyan), graphene (gray), PGCNFs (light green) and CGCNFs (dark green). (a) Nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms and (b) their corresponding PSD curves determined