Sidewall angle tuning in focused electron beam-induced processing

• Sangeetha Hari,
• Willem F. van Dorp,
• Johannes J. L. Mulders,
• Piet H. F. Trompenaars,
• Pieter Kruit and
• Cornelis W. Hagen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 447–456, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.40

• the etching takes place is unknown. It was noticed that a small change in the pressure of water vapour led to a significant change in the etching rate, suggesting that the process is gas-limited (see Supporting Information File 1, section S3). The role of diffusion could therefore be significant. The

Potential of a deep eutectic solvent in silver nanoparticle fabrication for antibiotic residue detection

• Le Hong Tho,
• Bui Xuan Khuyen,
• Ngoc Xuan Dat Mai and
• Nhu Hoa Thi Tran

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 426–434, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.38

• . The similarities between Ag NPs and Au NPs, with the higher LSPR and SERS performance of Ag NPs [18][31], led to the innovative idea of Ag NPs synthesis in DESs. In this work, we present a novel strategy to fabricate Ag NPs and demonstrate our hypothesis about the application of DESs in stabilizing Ag

Investigating ripple pattern formation and damage profiles in Si and Ge induced by 100 keV Ar⁺ ion beam: a comparative study

• Indra Sulania,
• Harpreet Sondhi,
• Tanuj Kumar,
• Sunil Ojha,
• G R Umapathy,
• Ambuj Mishra,
• Ambuj Tripathi,
• Richa Krishna,
• Devesh Kumar Avasthi and
• Yogendra Kumar Mishra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 367–375, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.33

• observed for Si. This further confirms that the near surface region of Si, amorphized to form better ripple patterns in Si as compared to Ge, may be due to the overlap of the collision cascade which led to more defect formation [41]. Rutherford backscattering results The RBS technique was used to determine

Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

• Maria Jose Morilla,
• Kajal Ghosal and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 333–349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.30

• therapeutic response, were detected [22]. This finding led to the assumption that in adults the BNZ treatment could be overdosed. Unlike adults, children show few ADRs; therefore, the existence of a potential direct correlation between drug concentration and the incidence of ADRs was suggested. Data from

• successfully develop nanomedicines, disease-led rather than formulation-led design is essential [141]. In treatments performed with intravenous nanomedicines, hydrodynamic diameter (much larger than that of a low-molecular-weight drug) and surface nature, are critical to maximize the access to target sites

Ultrasensitive and ultrastretchable metal crack strain sensor based on helical polydimethylsiloxane

• Shangbi Chen,
• Dewen Liu,
• Weiwei Chen,
• Huajiang Chen,
• Jiawei Li and
• Jinfang Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 270–278, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.25

• and a light-emitting diode (LED). When a tensile strain is applied, the light emitted by the LED is modulated by the strain sensor. The LED rapidly switched off when the sensor surpassed the critical strain threshold of the target. The switch-off of the LED could serve as an alarm signal, and the

• of the temperature. (b) The relative resistance change varies with the external temperature. (c) The different brightness of an LED as alarm signal. Inset: the LED in series with the strain sensor. Schematic illustration of the fabrication process of the metal crack strain sensor based on helical

Quantitative wear evaluation of tips based on sharp structures

• Ke Xu and
• Houwen Leng

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 230–241, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.22

• scanning, the tip diameter at a set point of 0.2 approached the initial diameter of the probe at the set point of 0.6. This led to the conclusion that the wear of the tip at a higher set point was less, which might be due to the larger initial diameter of the tip. Table 1 summarizes the effects of the

Graphene removal by water-assisted focused electron-beam-induced etching – unveiling the dose and dwell time impact on the etch profile and topographical changes in SiO₂ substrates

• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Jan M. Michalik,
• Inés Serrano-Esparza,
• Zdeněk Nováček,
• Veronika Novotná,
• Piotr Ozga,
• Czesław Kapusta and
• José María De Teresa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 190–198, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.18

• unconventional strong electron–electron interactions, present in superlattices formed in twisted bilayered and trilayered graphene, led to the emergence of a new field called “twistronics” – just to highlight recent remarkable discoveries such as superconductivity [2][3], topological phases [4][5], and the

Enhanced feedback performance in off-resonance AFM modes through pulse train sampling

• Mustafa Kangül,
• Navid Asmari,
• Santiago H. Andany,
• Marcos Penedo and
• Georg E. Fantner

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 134–143, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.13

• led to a significant increase in the achievable ORT frequency [24]. The other speed-limiting factor is the snap-off ringing of the cantilever, especially for applications in air and vacuum [27]. Although this physical phenomenon can be used to extract material properties [28], it slows down the

Assessing phytotoxicity and tolerance levels of ZnO nanoparticles on Raphanus sativus: implications for widespread adoptions

• Pathirannahalage Sahan Samuditha,
• Nadeesh Madusanka Adassooriya and
• Nazeera Salim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 115–125, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.11

• (Chl-b), total chlorophylls, carotenoids, and antioxidants by 24.7%, 58.5%, 38.0%, 42.2%, 39.9%, 11.2%, and 7.7%, respectively. Interestingly, this dose had no impact on the indole acetic acid (IAA) content. Conversely, the use of 2,000 mg/L of ZnO NPs in the same medium led to a significant reduction

Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti

• Jonatas L. Duarte,
• Leonardo Delello Di Filippo,
• Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira,
• Rafael Miguel Sábio,
• Gabriel Davi Marena,
• Tais Maria Bauab,
• Cristiane Duque,
• Vincent Corbel and
• Marlus Chorilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10

• myrcene or cymene in nanoemulsions led to a sustained release of the compounds, suggesting that they could potentially provide a more efficient method for delivering these compounds compared to free solutions. Furthermore, the study showed that the nanoemulsification process reduced the cytotoxicity of

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• , the BBR NPs/PLA nanofiber scaffold had more wettability and higher concentration of BBR NPs dispersed on the surface of PLA nanofibers. This led to a sustained release of 75 wt % of the loaded BBR during the first 24 h, and consequently boosted the antibacterial effectiveness. Moreover, the

TEM sample preparation of lithographically patterned permalloy nanostructures on silicon nitride membranes

• Joshua Williams,
• Michael I. Faley,
• Joseph Vimal Vas,
• Peng-Han Lu and
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 1–12, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.1

• KOH solution resulted in a faster etch rate but led to much stronger bubbling and roughening of the Si surface with the creation of micropyramidal hillocks [31]. The surface alignment of the Si substrates is parallel to the {100} crystallographic plane of Si, and the anisotropic KOH etching results in

Fluorescent bioinspired albumin/polydopamine nanoparticles and their interactions with Escherichia coli cells

• Eloïse Equy,
• Jordana Hirtzel,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Béatrice Heurtault,
• Eric Mathieu,
• Morgane Rabineau,
• Vincent Ball and
• Lydie Ploux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1208–1224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.100

• and RhBITC-BSA/PDA NPs penetrated and accumulated in both cell wall and inner compartments of Escherichia coli (E. coli) cells. The fluorescence signals were diffuse or displayed aggregate-like patterns with both labelled NPs and free dyes. RhBITC-BSA/PDA NPs led to the most intense fluorescence in

• concentration might have led to an increase in the Stern layer thickness, resulting in a larger hydrodynamic diameter measured by DLS. The size of BSA/PDA NPs remained stable as a function of pH at acidic pH, but increased moderately under alkaline conditions (Figure 3e). Chen et al. reported that PDA NPs

• ketones with only a few remaining of hydroxy groups (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S2a). In addition, labelling of pristine BSA/PDA NPs with FITC and RhBITC dyes led to an obvious change in color of the suspension, from brown (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3a) to yellow and red

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

• purification of FEBID deposits, where carbon removal led to ≈18% height reduction of the respective nanoparticles [42]. Notwithstanding, changes in the deposition time and in the associated different volume of the deposited material may also contribute to the observed particle size reduction. AFM of FEBID on

• that the initial decomposition, up to an electron dose of approx. 1016 e−/cm2 was characterized by a rapid CO loss, leaving a deposit of approx. 1:2 Pt/Cl ratio. However, a prolonged exposure up to doses around 1019 e−/cm2, which is the order of magnitude applied here, led to an almost complete removal

Hierarchically patterned polyurethane microgrooves featuring nanopillars or nanoholes for neurite elongation and alignment

• Lester Uy Vinzons,
• Guo-Chung Dong and
• Shu-Ping Lin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1157–1168, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.96

• approaches are quite limited. In this work, we show that nanopillars and nanoholes, and their combination with microgrooves, can be patterned on polyurethane (PU) films using a low-cost, reusable photoresist master mold prepared via nanosphere lens lithography and UV-LED photolithography, with specific

• ]. Therefore, there is still a need to develop simple and cost-effective fabrication methods applicable to a wide range of nano- and micropatterns and biomaterials. In our previous studies, we have shown how nanosphere lens lithography (NLL) can be used with a low-cost ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UV-LED

• polyether-based PU (Tecothane®) to determine whether they have positive effects on PC12 neurite outgrowth. The fabrication process involves first creating the reusable photoresist master molds using NLL with a custom-made UV-LED exposure system [15][16]. This allows for the direct fabrication of a

Curcumin-loaded albumin submicron particles with potential as a cancer therapy: an in vitro study

• Nittiya Suwannasom,
• Netsai Sriaksorn,
• Chutamas Thepmalee,
• Krissana Khoothiam,
• Ausanai Prapan,
• Hans Bäumler and
• Chonthida Thephinlap

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1127–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.93

• constant. When the CUR concentration reached the maximum of 2 mg/mL, CUR started to precipitate and form aggregates after centrifugation. This led to a miscalculation of the EE% and the absolute amount of entrapped CUR (Figure 4B). Release study of CUR from CUR-HSA-MPs CUR-HSA-MPs yielded a sustained

Sulfur nanocomposites with insecticidal effect for the control of Bactericera cockerelli

• Lany S. Araujo-Yépez,
• Juan O. Tigrero-Salas,
• Vicente A. Delgado-Rodríguez,
• Vladimir A. Aguirre-Yela and
• Josué N. Villota-Méndez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1106–1115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.91

• , carbamates, and pyrethroids, that are used to combat this pest [9]. The insect pest has developed resistance through high fecundity and short doubling time [10]. Also, persistence, bioaccumulation, toxicity, misuse, and overuse of synthetic insecticides have led to deterioration of soil, air pollution

Density functional theory study of Au-fcc/Ge and Au-hcp/Ge interfaces

• Olga Sikora,
• Małgorzata Sternik,
• Benedykt R. Jany,
• Franciszek Krok,
• Przemysław Piekarz and
• Andrzej M. Oleś

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1093–1105, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.90

• images. Refined experimental data indicating that variant D (with slightly higher interface energy) is realized led us to search for possible defects in the interface layer that might lower the energy cost of this junction. The optimized supercell is characterized by both a low interfacial energy and a

Exploring internal structures and properties of terpolymer fibers via real-space characterizations

• Michael R. Roenbeck and
• Kenneth E. Strawhecker

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1004–1017, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.83

• frequent readings near 2.6 GPa, ET centered around 1.5–1.6 GPa in most scans. Taken together, this led to a total distribution with a mean of 2.00 GPa and a mode (i.e., highest peak) of 1.53 GPa. In contrast, K29 individual distributions (Figure 8b) appeared as plateaus ranging from 0.5 to 3.5 GPa. When

Nanoarchitectonics of photothermal materials to enhance the sensitivity of lateral flow assays

• Elangovan Sarathkumar,
• Rajasekharan S. Anjana and
• Ramapurath S. Jayasree

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 988–1003, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.82

• nanoparticles through the nitrocellulose membrane pores and led to nonspecific binding of analytes and unwanted background signals (Figure 7B). In comparison to the visual method, the photothermal signal amplification technique allowed for the quantitative analysis of analytes with a sensitivity increased by a

Biomimetics on the micro- and nanoscale – The 25th anniversary of the lotus effect

• Matthias Mail,
• Kerstin Koch,
• Thomas Speck,
• William M. Megill and
• Stanislav N. Gorb

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 850–856, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.69

• “Purity of the sacred lotus” [1] in which they described the superhydrophobic surfaces and the self-cleaning ability of some plants (the so-called “lotus effect”, see Figure 1). This paper led to a paradigm shift in surface sciences. It generated a lot of interest at the time and continues today to

• unexplored [3]. Uncovering this water repellence mechanism led to a revolution in the development of such surfaces, which promise huge potential for inspiration for technical innovations and applications. In 2022, we celebrated the 25th anniversary of this significant botanical publication, which was an

• processes by the authors. They looked to a seemingly unrelated archetype, the xylem system of trees, which uses pits instead of extrusions to create its surface properties. This led the team to a new approach and eventually to a successful product. The authors present the case study as a reminder that the

Silver-based SERS substrates fabricated using a 3D printed microfluidic device

• Phommachith Sonexai,
• Minh Van Nguyen,
• Bui The Huy and
• Yong-Ill Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 793–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.65

• fabrication, resulting in a low aspect ratio of the achieved features. Because 3D printing enables the creation and testing of objects in short periods of time, it provides a new tool for constructing microfluidic devices. This has led to fast and dynamic developments in chemical synthesis and analytical

Silver nanoparticles loaded on lactose/alginate: in situ synthesis, catalytic degradation, and pH-dependent antibacterial activity

• Nguyen Thi Thanh Tu,
• T. Lan-Anh Vo,
• T. Thu-Trang Ho,
• Kim-Phuong T. Dang,
• Van-Dung Le,
• Phan Nhat Minh,
• Chi-Hien Dang,
• Vinh-Thien Tran,
• Van-Su Dang,
• Tran Thi Kim Chi,
• Hieu Vu-Quang,
• Radek Fajgar,
• Thi-Lan-Huong Nguyen,
• Van-Dat Doan and
• Thanh-Danh Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 781–792, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.64

• . Thus, AgNPs@Lac/Alg-0.7 was selected for assessment of its catalytic and antibacterial properties in this study. Catalytic degradation of contaminants Toxic organic dyes pose a serious threat to the environment, and their non-biodegradability in aqueous media has led to the consideration of various

Carboxylic acids and light interact to affect nanoceria stability and dissolution in acidic aqueous environments

• Matthew L. Hancock,
• Eric A. Grulke and
• Robert A. Yokel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 762–780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.63

• resulted in loss or overcoating of the surface citrate, and, in some cases, agglomeration [10]. Exposure to vitamin C and glutathione led to dissolution-accompanied aggregation of mesoporous silica CeO2 nanoparticles [35]. The shortening of ceria nanorods from 25 to 8 nm after 14 days at 200 °C was

• (tartronic and dihydroxymalonic acid) led to immediate agglomeration upon exposure. This result indicates that while the carboxylic acid group geminal to a hydroxy group may be important, other functional groups may also play a role in stabilizing citrate-coated nanoceria. For instance, citric, malic, and

Control of morphology and crystallinity of CNTs in flame synthesis with one-dimensional reaction zone

• Muhammad Hilmi Ibrahim,
• Norikhwan Hamzah,
• Mohd Zamri Mohd Yusop,
• Ni Luh Wulan Septiani and
• Mohd Fairus Mohd Yasin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 741–750, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.61

• radial directions but significantly different in the vertical direction. 17.3% variation in temperature in the axial direction successfully led to 44% and 66% variation in CNT diameter and crystallinity, respectively. The morphology control capability demonstrated in the present study is important for