Microplastic pollution in Himalayan lakes: assessment, risks, and sustainable remediation strategies

• Sameeksha Rawat,
• S. M. Tauseef and
• Madhuben Sharma

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2144–2167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.148

• -term performance in natural water systems by not only breaking down MPs, but also preventing the development of biofilms [79]. The use of TiO2 nanomaterials doped with Pt nanoparticles has also been investigated in case studies; these materials showed quicker breakdown rates for persistent PET MPs

Electron transport through nanoscale multilayer graphene and hexagonal boron nitride junctions

• Aleksandar Staykov and
• Takaya Fujisaki

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2132–2143, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.147

• for the Pt atoms and a double-zeta polarized basis set was used for all other atoms. Geometry optimization was performed with the LBFGS algorithm until all forces are converged below 0.05 eV·Å−1. The k-point density was selected to be four k-points per angstrom. In case of NEGF, the k-point density in

• the c-direction was selected to be 150 k-points per angstrom. Benchmark tests were performed using the NEGF method with Au electrodes instead of Pt, and the Heyd–Scuseria–Ernzerhof 2006 screened hybrid functional (HSE06) instead of PBE. The results obtained from those benchmark simulations showed

• Pt(111) surface, graphene, and h-BH using the QuantumWise ATK interface builder. The process involves strain minimization in the lattice mismatch by symmetry multiplication of the unit cells. The junctions shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 have 1.06% distributed strain over Pt and graphene or h-BN. The

Beyond the shell: exploring polymer–lipid interfaces in core–shell nanofibers to carry hyaluronic acid and β-caryophyllene

• Aline Tavares da Silva Barreto,
• Francisco Alexandrino-Júnior,
• Bráulio Soares Arcanjo,
• Paulo Henrique de Souza Picciani and
• Kattya Gyselle de Holanda e Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 2015–2033, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.139

• analysis The thermal stability of the nanofibers was investigated using a Q500 thermogravimetric analyzer (TA Instruments, USA) equipped with platinum (Pt) crucibles. Mass loss as a function of temperature was recorded from 30 to 700 °C at a heating rate of 10 °C/min under a nitrogen atmosphere. Samples

Laser ablation in liquids for shape-tailored synthesis of nanomaterials: status and challenges

• Natalie Tarasenka

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1963–1997, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.137

Evaluating metal-organic precursors for focused ion beam-induced deposition through solid-layer decomposition analysis

• Benedykt R. Jany,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Aleksandra Butrymowicz-Kubiak,
• Franciszek Krok and
• Iwona B. Szymańska

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1942–1951, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.135

• -dose rate for each studied complex based on the dimensions of the final structures and the applied ion dose. This enables us to compare the ability of studied precursors to form metal-rich structures under gallium ion FIB irradiation with that of the commonly used Pt precursor trimethyl

• (methylcyclopentadienyl)platinum(IV) [Pt(η5-CpMe)Me3] [35][36]. The results indicate that precursors 2 and 4 exhibit a performance comparable to that of the Pt precursor, with precursor 4 being the most comparable. Our ultimate goal was to identify the promising precursor that would exhibit a high metal content while

Low-temperature AFM with a microwave cavity optomechanical transducer

• Ermes Scarano,
• Elisabet K. Arvidsson,
• August K. Roos,
• Erik Holmgren,
• Riccardo Borgani,
• Mats O. Tholén and
• David B. Haviland

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1873–1882, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.130

• edge of the plate, giving rise to a modulation of its kinetic inductance due to surface strain generated by cantilever bending. A Pt–C tip with curvature radius below 10 nm at its apex is formed at the free end of the cantilever through a series of electron-beam-assisted depositions. Figure 1d shows a

• LC resonator realized from a single layer of Nb–Ti–N and a Pt–C tip deposited at the cantilever apex. (d) Experimental setup. The scanner box is suspended from the 10 mK stage with soft springs. Folded copper braids provide thermalization and additional mechanical damping. The digital synthesizer and

Ambient pressure XPS at MAX IV

• Mattia Scardamaglia,
• Ulrike Küst,
• Alexander Klyushin,
• Rosemary Jones,
• Jan Knudsen,
• Robert Temperton,
• Andrey Shavorskiy and
• Esko Kokkonen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1677–1694, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.118

• precious metals such as Rh, Pd, and Pt [14][15]. Their atom-level dispersion maximizes surface exposure and minimizes metal consumption, which is critical for both economic and environmental sustainability. However, their inherently low site density and metastability under reaction conditions present

Nanotechnology-based approaches for the removal of microplastics from wastewater: a comprehensive review

• Nayanathara O Sanjeev,
• Manjunath Singanodi Vallabha and
• Rebekah Rubidha Lisha Rabi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1607–1632, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.114

• fabrication process involves thermally transforming Ti3C2Tx MXene into multilayered TiO2 with photocatalytic properties, followed by coating with platinum and decorating the surface with magnetic γ-Fe2O3 nanoparticles. These engineered γ-Fe2O3/Pt/TiO2 microrobots exhibit light-driven, fuel-free movement with

Photocatalytic degradation of ofloxacin in water assisted by TiO₂ nanowires on carbon cloth: contributions of H₂O₂ addition and substrate absorbability

• Iram Hussain,
• Lisha Zhang,
• Zhizhen Ye and
• Jin-Ming Wu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1567–1579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.111

• × 2 cm in size) was taken as working electrode, the Pt electrode as counter electrode (3 cm × 3 cm in size), and a saturated calomel electrode as reference electrode; the electrolyte is 0.5 mol/L aqueous Na2SO4 solution. No bias potential was applied for the photocurrent evaluations. Results and

Laser processing in liquids: insights into nanocolloid generation and thin film integration for energy, photonic, and sensing applications

• Akshana Parameswaran Sreekala,
• Pooja Raveendran Nair,
• Jithin Kundalam Kadavath,
• Bindu Krishnan,
• David Avellaneda Avellaneda,
• M. R. Anantharaman and
• Sadasivan Shaji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1428–1498, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.104

• ]. Figure 10a shows a photograph of a typical spin-coating setup, along with high-speed images capturing the dynamics of and film formation on a rotating substrate. Mono and bi-metallic Pt, Pd, and Pt80Pd20 NPs were synthesized using a Nd:YAG laser operating at λ = 1064 nm, a fluence of 5 J/cm2, and a

• repetition rate of 10 Hz. In order to synthesize Pt and Pd NPs, pure platinum and palladium metal plates were used as ablation targets. Metallic NPs synthesized through PLAL can be utilized not only for forming thin films of their own but also in combination with organic semiconductors via spin coating. Thin

Parylene-coated platinum nanowire electrodes for biomolecular sensing applications

• Chao Liu,
• Peker Milas,
• Michael G. Spencer and
• Birol Ozturk

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1392–1400, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.101

• , Pt, Fe, Cu, or Ir) solution are used for nanowire growth, where adjustments to the AC field parameters and solution composition allow the fabrication of either single cylindrical nanowires (ranging from 15 to 600 nm in diameter and up to several hundreds of micrometers in length) or dendritic

Enhancing the photoelectrochemical performance of BiOI-derived BiVO₄ films by controlled-intensity current electrodeposition

• Huu Phuc Dang,
• Khanh Quang Nguyen,
• Nguyen Thi Mai Tho and
• Tran Le

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1289–1301, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.94

• electrochemical workstation (CHI650E, CH Instruments, USA). The three electrodes included a working electrode (BiVO4 photoelectrode, 1.0 × 1.0 cm2), counter electrode (Pt plate), and reference electrode (Ag/AgCl). The electrolyte used in the photoelectrochemical measurements was 0.50 M Na2SO4 (pH 5.6), and the

Better together: biomimetic nanomedicines for high performance tumor therapy

• Imran Shair Mohammad,
• Gizem Kursunluoglu,
• Anup Kumar Patel,
• Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq,
• Cansu Umran Tunc,
• Dilek Kanarya,
• Mubashar Rehman,
• Omer Aydin and
• Yin Lifang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1246–1276, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.92

Functional bio-packaging enhanced with nanocellulose from rice straw and cinnamon essential oil Pickering emulsion for fruit preservation

• Tuyen B. Ly,
• Duong D. T. Nguyen,
• Hieu D. Nguyen,
• Yen T. H. Nguyen,
• Bup T. A. Bui,
• Kien A. Le and
• Phung K. Le

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1234–1245, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.91

• materials (BP, rBP, and rCBP) was observed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), model Primas E (US). The samples were coated with Pt for 30 s prior to measurement. Bioactive properties UV absorption. Transparency and UV absorption of the films were determined using UV–vis spectroscopy in the

Mechanical stability of individual bacterial cells under different osmotic pressure conditions: a nanoindentation study of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

• Lizeth García-Torres,
• Idania De Alba Montero,
• Eleazar Samuel Kolosovas-Machuca,
• Facundo Ruiz,
• Sumati Bhatia,
• Jose Luis Cuellar Camacho and
• Jaime Ruiz-García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1171–1183, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.86

• within the first stages of nanoindentation, similar values in the slopes of the curves reflected a stable stiffness of about kB = 20 mN/m and turgor pressures of Pt = 12.1 kPa. Interestingly, a change in the nonlinear regime of the force curves and a gradual increase in maximal deformation by the AFM tip

• response of the outer envelope. At the same time, for deeper deformations, a linear behavior in the force curve reflects the magnitude of internal turgor pressure Pt [51]. It is worth mentioning that for our case, only a handful of force curves, particularly in Milli-Q, presented a long tail upon approach

• prevented by the rapid reaction of the MS channels, which act as safety valves which open as soon as the internal Pt causes an increase in the tension of the envelope above a specific threshold value. Then, it rapidly releases contained osmolytes to deflate the internal pressure and avoid membrane rupture

Crystalline and amorphous structure selectivity of ignoble high-entropy alloy nanoparticles during laser ablation in organic liquids is set by pulse duration

• Robert Stuckert,
• Felix Pohl,
• Oleg Prymak,
• Ulrich Schürmann,
• Christoph Rehbock,
• Lorenz Kienle and
• Stephan Barcikowski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1141–1159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.84

Fabrication of metal complex phthalocyanine and porphyrin nanoparticle aqueous colloids by pulsed laser fragmentation in liquid and their potential application to a photosensitizer for photodynamic therapy

• Taisei Himeda,
• Risako Kunitomi,
• Ryosuke Nabeya,
• Tamotsu Zako and
• Tsuyoshi Asahi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1088–1096, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.80

• = AlCl, Fe, Co, Zn) and Pt complex octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) by nanosecond laser fragmentation of the corresponding microcrystalline powders in an aqueous solution of the amphiphilic polymer Pluronic® F-127. All nanoparticles dispersed stably in phosphate-buffered saline and cell culture media without

• acetate [23], paclitaxel [24], naproxen and fenofibrate [25], curcumin [26], and cinnamon [27]. This work aims to fabricate aqueous colloids of MPc (M = AlCl, Fe, Co, Zn) and Pt complex octaethylporphyrin (PtOEP) (Figure 1) nanoparticles with a high dispersion stability and to demonstrate the potential

Soft materials nanoarchitectonics: liquid crystals, polymers, gels, biomaterials, and others

• Katsuhiko Ariga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 1025–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.77

• synergistically combining it with an O2-absorbing MOF using LbL assembly [275]. The oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) represents a pivotal process in electrochemical energy conversion systems. Instead of costly Pt-based electrocatalysts, the potential of conducting polymers as ORR catalysts has been explored. This

Time-resolved probing of laser-induced nanostructuring processes in liquids

• Maximilian Spellauge,
• David Redka,
• Mianzhen Mo,
• Changyong Song,
• Heinz Paul Huber and
• Anton Plech

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 968–1002, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.74

• a photocathode-based ultrashort electron pulse generator into a lab-based electron microscope, dynamic imaging of single specimens via pump–probe electron microscopy became possible. For instance, a spin state transition in the metal–organic framework Fe(pyrazine)Pt(CN)4 NPs was induced by

Focused ion beam-induced platinum deposition with a low-temperature cesium ion source

• Thomas Henning Loeber,
• Bert Laegel,
• Meltem Sezen,
• Feray Bakan Misirlioglu,
• Edgar J. D. Vredenbregt and
• Yang Li

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 910–920, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.69

• surface is a frequently used process of focused ion beam (FIB) systems. Here, we report on the deposition of platinum (Pt) with a new kind of cesium (Cs) FIB, in which the cesium ions are produced by a low-temperature ion source. Platinum was deposited at different acceleration voltages and ion beam

• conditions, but the deposit has lower Pt content for Cs+. The electrical resistivity of the deposit is found to be higher for Cs+ than for Ga+ and decreasing with increasing acceleration voltage. Keywords: cesium ion source; cold atom ion source; focused ion beam (FIB); FIB-induced deposition (FIBID

• are more advanced with respect to source development because of their relatively low requirements regarding the cooling laser. Milling [10] as well as induced deposition of platinum (Pt) [11] and tungsten (W) [12] have been studied for a prototype FIB with an ultracold Rb+source. Further, a Cs+ laser

Insights into the electronic and atomic structures of cerium oxide-based ultrathin films and nanostructures using high-brilliance light sources

• Paola Luches and
• Federico Boscherini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 860–871, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.65

• was possible to identify different types of interactions between Pt NPs and cerium oxide surfaces including electron transfer from Pt NPs to CeO2 and transport of oxygen atoms from ceria to Pt NPs, the latter occurring only when the ceria support surface is nanostructured [26]. In addition, thanks to

• its sensitivity, the method, when combined with other techniques, has provided quantitative information on the number of electrons transferred per particle to the support (Figure 2), enabling the optimization of the size of the supported active Pt catalyst [27]. This is a crucial factor in minimizing

• minimum of the inelastic mean free path. A study by Simon et al. on porous Pt-doped cerium oxide films prepared by direct liquid injection chemical vapor deposition, comparing conventional and synchrotron-radiation based XPS, has demonstrated that the Pt atoms are uniformly dispersed in the nanoparticles

Synchrotron X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy study of sodium adsorption on vertically arranged MoS₂ layers coated with pyrolytic carbon

• Alexander V. Okotrub,
• Anastasiya D. Fedorenko,
• Anna A. Makarova,
• Veronica S. Sulyaeva,
• Yuliya V. Fedoseeva and
• Lyubov G. Bulusheva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 847–859, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.64

• molybdenum layer sputtered for 90 s. Part of the film surface was covered with a protective Pt layer and a lamella was cut using a focused ion beam (FIB) system (see the Experimental section for details). Figure 1d shows the SEM image of the cross section of the lamella. The bright round spots on the film

• surface correspond to Pt nanoparticles, the presence of which is confirmed by energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy (Supporting Information File 1, Figure S1). These nanoparticles have a uniform size and are densely distributed on the sample surface, in contrast to the polysulfide particles of

• deposition. Initially, a Pt layer of 21 nm was electrodeposited at 5 keV and 1 nA. After that, a thick Pt cap layer was ion-plated at 30 keV and 250 pA. Then, the FIB was operated at an ion accelerating voltage of 30 keV and ion current of 20 nA to cut the sample. Finally, the section was finely polished at

Facile one-step radio frequency magnetron sputtering of Ni/NiO on stainless steel for an efficient electrode for hydrogen evolution reaction

• Ha Huu Do,
• Khac Binh Nguyen,
• Phuong N. Nguyen and
• Hoai Phuong Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 837–846, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.63

• electrocatalysts have been well accepted as potential candidates to replace Pt-based electrocatalysts for HER because of their suitable Gibbs free hydrogen adsorption energy, good intrinsic catalytic properties, and high stability. However, solution-based synthetic approaches can be highly harmful to human beings

• efficiency compared to gasoline, coal, and natural gas. Currently, hydrogen produced by water electrolysis is well accepted as an ecologically clean, sustainable method compared to other techniques, such as coal gasification and steam methane reforming [5][6][7][8][9][10]. According to reported works, Pt

• catalysts were recognized as the best material for electrochemical hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) [11][12][13]. However, it is challenging to use Pt-based nanomaterials for industrial applications because of their non-abundance and high cost. As a result, many studies have explored Pt-free catalysts

Supramolecular hydration structure of graphene-based hydrogels: density functional theory, green chemistry and interface application

• Hon Nhien Le,
• Duy Khanh Nguyen,
• Minh Triet Dang,
• Huyen Trinh Nguyen,
• Thi Bang Tam Dao,
• Trung Do Nguyen,
• Chi Nhan Ha Thuc and
• Van Hieu Le

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 806–822, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.61

• microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy were performed using a JSM-IT200 system (JEOL). Samples were coated with Pt before the SEM-EDS analysis. X-ray diffraction was performed on a D8 Advance instrument (Bruker). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was characterized with a FT/IR-6600

Thickness dependent oxidation in CrCl₃: a scanning X-ray photoemission and Kelvin probe microscopies study

• Shafaq Kazim,
• Rahul Parmar,
• Maryam Azizinia,
• Matteo Amati,
• Muhammad Rauf,
• Andrea Di Cicco,
• Seyed Javid Rezvani,
• Dario Mastrippolito,
• Luca Ottaviano,
• Tomasz Klimczuk,
• Luca Gregoratti and
• Roberto Gunnella

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2025, 16, 749–761, doi:10.3762/bjnano.16.58

• values of L and T flakes are 0.10 and 0.04 V, respectively. Based on these values, the work functions of L and T flakes are about 5.40 and 5.46 eV, respectively, given the work function of the Pt tip of 5.50 eV. As a control, the work function of SiO2 was measured correctly as 5.00 eV. To complete the

• cantilever coated with Pt at the resonance frequency of 68 kHz with an elastic constant of 1–5 N/m (AppNano) and doped diamond tips with 120 kHz and 8 N/m elastic constant (ADAMA). Kelvin probe force microscopy images were taken via double passage before and after applying an electric field by elevating the

• SiO2/Si substrate. (a) Topography from non-contact mode AFM of two flakes with different thicknesses; (b) Kelvin surface potential of the samples on SiO2; (c) z-profiles of the two flakes; (d) Kelvin surface potential scans along the profiles of (a). A Pt-coated tip was used. (a)Topography from non