Photocatalytic and adsorption properties of TiO₂-pillared montmorillonite obtained by hydrothermally activated intercalation of titanium polyhydroxo complexes

• Mikhail F. Butman,
• Nikolay L. Ovchinnikov,
• Nikita S. Karasev,
• Nataliya E. Kochkina,
• Alexander V. Agafonov and
• Alexandr V. Vinogradov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 364–378, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.36

• follows: where Ce (mg/L) is the equilibrium liquid phase concentration of the adsorbate; Qe (mg/g) the equilibrium solid phase concentration of adsorbate; qL (mg/g) is the maximum sorption capacity; KL (L/mg) and KF (mg/g) are the Langmuir and Freundlich constants, respectively; Qm (mg/g) and KS (L/mg

Gas-assisted silver deposition with a focused electron beam

• Luisa Berger,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Iwona B. Szymanska,
• Katja Höflich,
• Mikhail N. Polyakov,
• Jakub Jurczyk,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 224–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.24

• substrate heating prevented condensation yet assured sufficient adsorbate coverage. Figure 1a and Figure 1b show scanning electron micrographs, with higher magnification inset images, of a spot and line deposit (lineXENOS) on oxidized silicon (200 nm SiO2/Si) written with electron doses of 0.15 µC and 8.3

• boxSLOW might have inhibited platelet growth and favored 3D volume crystal direction. The final silver crystal shape seems to be a subtle balance between non-thermal adsorbate dissociation by the electrons and thermal contributions to desorption of ligand fragments and silver surface diffusion on pure or

Comparative study of post-growth annealing of Cu(hfac)₂, Co₂(CO)₈ and Me₂Au(acac) metal precursors deposited by FEBID

• Marcos V. Puydinger dos Santos,
• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Artur Rydosz,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
• Fanny Béron,
• Kleber R. Pirota,
• Stanislav Moshkalev,
• José Alexandre Diniz and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 91–101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.11

• incomplete dissociation of organometallic precursor adsorbate molecules usually leads to codeposition of organic compounds into the metal deposits [3][8][12][32][33][34][35]. This unwanted deposition degrades the electrical transport properties of the deposit, thus limiting the applicability of the FEBID

L-Lysine-grafted graphene oxide as an effective adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue and metal ions

• Yan Yan,
• Jie Li,
• Fangbei Kong,
• Kuankuan Jia,
• Shiyu He and
• Baorong Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2680–2688, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.268

• for describing the distribution of the adsorbate molecules between the liquid and the solid phase in equilibrium. Several mathematical models have been widely used to describe equilibrium states of the adsorption of molecules on surfaces. To the best of our knowledge, most of the adsorption systems

Patterning of supported gold monolayers via chemical lift-off lithography

• Liane S. Slaughter,
• Kevin M. Cheung,
• Sami Kaappa,
• Huan H. Cao,
• Qing Yang,
• Thomas D. Young,
• Andrew C. Serino,
• Sami Malola,
• Jana M. Olson,
• Stephan Link,
• Hannu Häkkinen,
• Anne M. Andrews and
• Paul S. Weiss

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2648–2661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.265

• measured by electron diffraction [55][56]. At molecular resolution, scanning probe measurements have revealed the rearrangement of Au surface atoms [57][58][59], diffusion and alignment of adatom–adsorbate complexes [50][60], and phase separation of SAMs composed of molecules with different backbones or

Modelling focused electron beam induced deposition beyond Langmuir adsorption

• Dédalo Sanz-Hernández and
• Amalio Fernández-Pacheco

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2151–2161, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.214

• account of FEBID at the molecular level [27]. A key ingredient to much of this recent progress is the FEBID continuum model [25], which describes the time evolution of adsorbate concentration on a substrate as a function of the various processes comprising FEBID. This model describes nanostructure

• various growth regimes when considering a single adsorbate, and has been restricted to physisorption processes, except for a few exceptions [28][29]. Relevant effects present in common FEBID precursors, such as autocatalytic effects [15][16][30][31][32] cannot be described either. Moreover, current

• temperatures for precursors with low volatility [1]. The breakage of the Langmuir model is also common for low adsorbate concentrations on heterogeneous substrates [38]. A better understanding of the FEBID underlying processes is required, including advances in the design of superior molecules for deposition

Ester formation at the liquid–solid interface

• Nguyen T. N. Ha,
• Thiruvancheril G. Gopakumar,
• Nguyen D. C. Yen,
• Carola Mende,
• Lars Smykalla,
• Maik Schlesinger,
• Roy Buschbeck,
• Tobias Rüffer,
• Heinrich Lang,
• Michael Mehring and
• Michael Hietschold

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2139–2150, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.213

• (undecan-1-ol or decan-1-ol), coadsorbed out of a solution of the acid within the alcohol at the interface of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite (HOPG) (0001) substrate. The monoester was observed promptly after reaching a threshold either related to the increased packing density of the adsorbate layer

• adlayers. This problem may be easily circumvented at solid–liquid interfaces due to the high dynamics of reactants in solution. Furthermore, in this case, defects in the adsorbate layer are more often self-repaired. Results A typical STM image of the coadsorption pattern of TMA and undecan-1-ol is shown in

• isolated molecules neglecting the adsorbate–substrate interaction as well as various effects of the tip and the environment on the imaging. To further prove that the patterns observed at high sonication/stirring time and high substrate temperature really show deposited monoester molecules, we have studied

Adsorbate-driven cooling of carbene-based molecular junctions

• Giuseppe Foti and
• Héctor Vázquez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2060–2068, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.206

• Giuseppe Foti Hector Vazquez Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Cukrovarnicka 10, Prague, Czech Republic 10.3762/bjnano.8.206 Abstract We study the role of an NH2 adsorbate on the current-induced heating and cooling of a neighboring carbene-based molecular circuit

• that the charge rearrangement resulting from the adsorbate gates the carbene electronic structure and reduces the density of carbene states near the Fermi level as a function of bias. These effects result in the cooling of carbene modes at all voltages compared to the “clean” carbene-based junction. We

• also find that the direct influence of adsorbate states is significantly smaller and tends to heat adsorbate vibrations. Our results highlight the important role of molecular adsorbates not only on the electronic and elastic transport properties but also on the current-induced energy exchange and

Application of visible-light photosensitization to form alkyl-radical-derived thin films on gold

• Rashanique D. Quarels,
• Xianglin Zhai,
• Neepa Kuruppu,
• Jenny K. Hedlund,
• Ashley A. Ellsworth,
• Amy V. Walker,
• Jayne C. Garno and
• Justin R. Ragains

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1863–1877, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.187

• showing a few loose adsorbate molecules that were dragged along the direction of the AFM tip movement. Since the patterns appear at the edges of the nanopores, most likely these were ‘piled’ around the edges of the nanopores of Figure 2a. Since the Au–Me film could not be readily removed by nanoshaving

Non-intuitive clustering of 9,10-phenanthrenequinone on Au(111)

• Ryan D. Brown,
• Rebecca C. Quardokus,
• Natalie A. Wasio,
• Jacob P. Petersen,
• Angela M. Silski,
• Steven A. Corcelli and
• S. Alex Kandel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1801–1807, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.181

• molecule so that it is oriented toward the center. This is not an energetically favorable configuration from an electrostatic standpoint. While in some cases weak dipoles on coinage metals can direct self-assembly [31], a combination of charge transfer and screening of in-plane adsorbate dipoles can result

Low-temperature CO oxidation over Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO₂ nanoparticles synthesized by solution combustion

• Amit Singhania and
• Shipra Mital Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1546–1552, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.156

• Cu/Pt co-doped ZrO2 has been used for CO oxidation. Results and Discussion Materials characterization The BET method using nitrogen as adsorbate was employed to calculate the specific surface area and pore volume of Pt(1%)–Cu(1%)–ZrO2 (the numerals indicate mol %) nanoparticles. Table 1 shows a

Adsorption and electronic properties of pentacene on thin dielectric decoupling layers

• Sebastian Koslowski,
• Daniel Rosenblatt,
• Alexander Kabakchiev,
• Klaus Kuhnke,
• Klaus Kern and
• Uta Schlickum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1388–1395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.140

• experiments [9][10][11][12]. It is, however, desirable to classify these systems according to their capability to effectively decouple an organic adsorbate from the underlying metal substrate. In this study pentacene (C22H14) is used as a model system. We investigate the structural and electronic properties

• insulating layer to electronically decouple an adsorbate from the metal substrate. The ratios between the on-surface Ei − Ea gaps and the unperturbed gas-phase gaps are listed in Table 1. For a similar decoupling layer (KCl), but various substrates, the decoupling strength decreases with the work function of

Hierarchically structured nanoporous carbon tubes for high pressure carbon dioxide adsorption

• Julia Patzsch,
• Deepu J. Babu and
• Jörg J. Schneider

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1135–1144, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.115

• used for increasing their adsorption capacity: (i) morphological structuring to increase the surface area and (ii) modification of the tube surface with functional groups to enhance the adsorbent/adsorbate attraction. For (i), new carbon materials have been studied as adsorbents such as ordered

Adsorption characteristics of Er₃N@C₈₀on W(110) and Au(111) studied via scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy

• Sebastian Schimmel,
• Zhixiang Sun,
• Danny Baumann,
• Denis Krylov,
• Nataliya Samoylova,
• Alexey Popov,
• Bernd Büchner and
• Christian Hess

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1127–1134, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.114

• it. In order to examine the adsorption characteristics and the electronic structure of Er3N@C80 in consideration of adsorbate–substrate interaction, we performed scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) and scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) investigations on sub-monolayer covered W(110) and Au(111

• six electrons from the incarcerated cluster to the cage [4], which causes a weaker adsorbate–substrate interaction [11] in comparison to empty fullerenes. The effects of higher annealing temperatures were not examined. In contrast to the adsorption characteristics of Er3N@C80 on W(110), the molecules

• accompanied by a reduction of the electron injection barrier. Furthermore, fcc-spectrums LUMO derived peak obviously exhibit a more pronounced broadening. Thus, a stronger adsorbate-substrate-interaction of the fullerenes on the fcc adsorption sites is suggested, leading to a higher degree of hybridization

Growth, structure and stability of sputter-deposited MoS₂ thin films

• Reinhard Kaindl,
• Bernhard C. Bayer,
• Roland Resel,
• Thomas Müller,
• Viera Skakalova,
• Gerlinde Habler,
• Rainer Abart,
• Alexey S. Cherevan,
• Dominik Eder,
• Maxime Blatter,
• Fabian Fischer,
• Jannik C. Meyer,
• Dmitry K. Polyushkin and
• Wolfgang Waldhauser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1115–1126, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.113

• incident angle of αi = 0.13° was chosen to enhance the scattered intensities of the adsorbate. The angular scans have been transferred to scattering vector notation using q = 4πsin(Θ)/λxt. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and focused ion beam (FIB

Graphene functionalised by laser-ablated V₂O₅ for a highly sensitive NH₃ sensor

• Margus Kodu,
• Artjom Berholts,
• Tauno Kahro,
• Mati Kook,
• Peeter Ritslaid,
• Helina Seemen,
• Tea Avarmaa,
• Harry Alles and
• Raivo Jaaniso

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 571–578, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.61

• increased charge transfer and formation of chemical bonds between the dopant and adsorbate [6][32]. Moreover, changes in the electronic structure induced by adsorption of molecules are likely to modulate the conductivity of graphene [32]. According to the Raman analysis shown in Figure 1, the PLD process

• example: Obviously, strongly bound adsorbate species and the accompanying reduction of V2O5 can modify the charge distribution in the graphene–V2O5 system, thus modulating its conductivity. According to Gao et al. [10], NO2 can adsorb to V2O5 to form nitrato groups (V5+–NO3), and this process is

Fiber optic sensors based on hybrid phenyl-silica xerogel films to detect n-hexane: determination of the isosteric enthalpy of adsorption

• Jesús C. Echeverría,
• Ignacio Calleja,
• Paula Moriones and
• Julián J. Garrido

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 475–484, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.51

• magnitude of the isosteric enthalpy of n-hexane increased with the relative response and reached a plateau that stabilized at approximately −31 kJ mol−1 for Ph40 and Ph50 and at approximately −37 kJ mol−1 for Ph30. This indicates that the adsorbate–adsorbent interaction was dominant at lower relative

• pressure and condensation of the adsorbate on the mesopores was dominant at higher relative pressure. Keywords: fiber optic sensors; isosteric enthalpy of adsorption; n-hexane; phenyl-silica; xerogel films; Introduction Fiber optic chemical sensors (FOCSs) that employ sensitive films for the detection of

• common in most N2 isotherms. This phenomenon is related to the irreversible adsorption in pores with opening diameters close to the kinetic diameter of the adsorbate [25]. For the PhTEOS hybrid xerogels, the non-closure of the hysteresis loop could be associated with the presence of cage-like domains in

Tailoring bifunctional hybrid organic–inorganic nanoadsorbents by the choice of functional layer composition probed by adsorption of Cu²⁺ ions

• Veronika V. Tomina,
• Inna V. Melnyk,
• Yuriy L. Zub,
• Aivaras Kareiva,
• Miroslava Vaclavikova,
• Gulaim A. Seisenbaeva and
• Vadim G. Kessler

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 334–347, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.36

• isotherms of n-hexane, water and acetonitrile were obtained at 20 °C using a vacuum microbalance (balance sensitiveness: 1.9–2.8 mg/mm). The samples were first evacuated at 105 °C to a constant weight. Air was removed from the adsorbate by cycles of freezing/defreezing during vacuum pumping. Acid–base

Monolayer graphene/SiC Schottky barrier diodes with improved barrier height uniformity as a sensing platform for the detection of heavy metals

• Ivan Shtepliuk,
• Jens Eriksson,
• Volodymyr Khranovskyy,
• Tihomir Iakimov,
• Anita Lloyd Spetz and
• Rositsa Yakimova

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1800–1814, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.173

• sheet. Due to the chemical nature of the interaction between the graphene and lead atom, hybridization of the molecular orbitals has occurred and thus the HOMO is shared by lead adsorbate and graphene sheet. On the other hand, the LUMO of Pb@C30H14 is delocalized over the graphene sheet. In principle

Active and fast charge-state switching of single NV centres in diamond by in-plane Al-Schottky junctions

• Christoph Schreyvogel,
• Vladimir Polyakov,
• Sina Burk,
• Helmut Fedder,
• Andrej Denisenko,
• Felipe Fávaro de Oliveira,
• Ralf Wunderlich,
• Jan Meijer,
• Verena Zuerbig,
• Jörg Wrachtrup and
• Christoph E. Nebel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1727–1735, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.165

• atmospheric adsorbate layer on top of the H-terminated surface which is required for the generation of a two-dimensional hole channel. In this way, the hole channel and thus the diode properties are preserved to temperatures up to 550 °C in air. Chemically, this stability is supported by the fact that both

Scanning probe microscopy studies on the adsorption of selected molecular dyes on titania

• Jakub S. Prauzner-Bechcicki,
• Lukasz Zajac,
• Piotr Olszowski,
• Res Jöhr,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Bartosz Such,
• Ernst Meyer and
• Marek Szymonski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1642–1653, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.156

• organic adsorbate are necessary. The method of choice for investigating the local environment of a single dye molecule is high-resolution scanning probe microscopy. Microscopic results combined with the outcome of common spectroscopic methods provide a better understanding of the mechanism taking place at

• low conversion efficiencies [1]. However, when the surface of a wide-band-gap material is covered with a sensitizer that absorbs light in the visible spectrum and enables charge transfer through the semiconductor–adsorbate interface, the situation changes dramatically. The optical absorption, and

• to the oxide takes place, and an interface dipole is formed. To further understand the energy level alignment between a semiconducting substrate and an organic adsorbate, Lackinger, Janson and Ho [59] studied interactions between zinc(II) etioporphyrin (ZnEP) and oxygen vacancies, which are point

Graphene-enhanced plasmonic nanohole arrays for environmental sensing in aqueous samples

• Christa Genslein,
• Peter Hausler,
• Eva-Maria Kirchner,
• Rudolf Bierl,
• Antje J. Baeumner and
• Thomas Hirsch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1564–1573, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.150

• that this type of plasticizers adsorbs on polystyrene resins by multiple adsorbent–adsorbate interactions such as hydrogen bonding and π-stacking [38], which makes them an ideal analyte for the evaluation of the graphene-modified gold surfaces in SPR. Nanostructured surfaces are promising in enhancing

Efficient electron-induced removal of oxalate ions and formation of copper nanoparticles from copper(II) oxalate precursor layers

• Kai Rückriem,
• Sarah Grotheer,
• Henning Vieker,
• Paul Penner,
• André Beyer,
• Armin Gölzhäuser and
• Petra Swiderek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 852–861, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.77

• number of secondary electrons released in the first case. This also points to a significant contribution of electron-induced chemistry to the formation of CO which can be detected in RAIRS as adsorbate on the emerging copper nanoparticles. Conclusion This study confirms the previous finding [26] that

Rigid multipodal platforms for metal surfaces

• Michal Valášek,
• Marcin Lindner and
• Marcel Mayor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 374–405, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.34

• reconstruction of clean Au(111). This surface morphology changes related to adsorbed molecules can be visualized by STM techniques and provided us a reliable description of the interactions between adsorbate and substrate. Not only thiols but also sulfides (R–S–R), which form weaker molecule–substrate bonds than

• formed by the adsorption of normal n-alkylthiols 5 and bidentate analogues 3, 4 having similar chain lengths, to provide systematic control in packing density (Figure 2). The comparison showed that the SAMs of tridentate adsorbate 2 have lower packing densities of alkyl chains than the SAMs of bidentate

• thiol-terminated adsorbate films of 7, there is still a significant fraction of anchoring groups (approx. 35%) that are not bound to the gold surface. To improve a binding affinity of adsorbates to the metal substrates, several research groups have employed rigid platforms based on adamantane and

Surface-site reactivity in small-molecule adsorption: A theoretical study of thiol binding on multi-coordinated gold clusters

• Elvis C. M. Ting,
• Tatiana Popa and
• Irina Paci

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 53–61, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.6

• stabilities on metal site coordination, in the reduced model of methylthiol–Au20 interaction. We find that, despite the limited size of the adsorbate, dispersive interactions play an important role in determining preferred adsorption sites. The strongest adsorption occurred at sites that were relatively

• the configurational space through four variables: the distance from the adsorbate headgroup to a gold binding site d, the polar angle θ (the angle between the principal axis of the adsorbate and the axis normal to the binding surface), the azimuthal angle (describing the in-plane orientation of the

• projection of the adsorbate principal axis), and the relative location of the headgroup with respect to the substrate atoms (Figure 1). Three initial molecule–surface distances were used for all adsorbates (4.1, 4.3 and 4.5 Å), equilibrating to an average S–Au distance of 2.5 Å. Initial configurations were