Modulated critical currents of spin-transfer torque-induced resistance changes in NiCu/Cu multilayered nanowires

• Mengqi Fu,
• Roman Hartmann,
• Julian Braun,
• Sergej Andreev,
• Torsten Pietsch and
• Elke Scheer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 360–366, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.32

• stiffness, the dipolar stray field, and the anisotropy field caused by the spin–orbit interaction [34]. Since the magnetization of layer 1 () and layer 3 () are both parallel to the applied magnetic field (here: positive), the exchange stiffness as well as the dipolar stray field on layer 2 point in the

Ferromagnetic resonance spectra of linear magnetosome chains

• Elizaveta M. Gubanova and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.15

• chain, the distance between the centers of neighboring particles, the mutual orientation of the cubic axes of particle anisotropy, and the value of the magnetic damping constant is studied. It is shown that FMR spectra of non-oriented chain assemblies depend on the average particle diameter at a fixed

• of magnetic anisotropy, the direction of the particle easy anisotropy axes, and other parameters. In addition, the FMR spectrum is sensitive to the presence of magnetostatic interactions in dense assemblies of magnetic nanoparticles. Thus, ferromagnetic resonance spectroscopy is a promising technique

• chain, that is, about the particle diameters, the number of particles in the chain, the characteristic distance between the particle centers, and the mutual orientation of the particle cubic anisotropy axes, is completely lost. In addition, in the approach [22][23][24][25], only the position of the

In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• achieve precise optical characterization, one could employ spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) with more refined division into sub-layers [26] and consider additional material properties, such as the anisotropy of PAAO [27] and the optical dispersion of the refractive index (RI) of Al2O3 [28]. However, for

The microstrain-accompanied structural phase transition from h-MoO₃ to α-MoO₃ investigated by in situ X-ray diffraction

• Zeqian Zhang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Minting Luo and
• Zhenfei Hu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 692–700, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.55

• increase of microstrain during the h-MoO3→α-MoO3 transition. Note that since the thermal shock properties of a material are proportional to the CTEs, large values of CTE and the anisotropy of the hexagonal phase h-MoO3 may increase thermal shock, leading to fatigue or damage to devices. Microscopic view on

ZnO-decorated SiC@C hybrids with strong electromagnetic absorption

• Liqun Duan,
• Zhiqian Yang,
• Yilu Xia,
• Xiaoqing Dai,
• Jian’an Wu and
• Minqian Sun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 565–573, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.47

• that there are some fluctuations in the high-frequency range (10–16 GHz), which are called Debye relaxation peaks. These peaks are caused by shape anisotropy or surface polarization. For the SCZ samples, the unique core–shell structure and the interface polarization effect between different phases may

Specific absorption rate of randomly oriented magnetic nanoparticles in a static magnetic field

• Ruslan A. Rytov and
• Nikolai A. Usov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 485–493, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.39

• nanoparticles with uniaxial magnetic anisotropy randomly oriented in a solid matrix. The saturation magnetization of particles and the magnetic anisotropy constant are taken to be Ms = 350 emu/cm3 and K1 = 105 erg/cm3, respectively [27]. The range of nanoparticle diameters studied is D = 18–50 nm, the

• completely at Hdc = 400 Oe. The functions SAR(Hdc) for randomly oriented assemblies of nanoparticles with diameters D = 40 and 50 nm behave similarly. To explain this effect, Figure 3 shows the magnetization dynamics of a nanoparticle with D = 30 nm and with the easy anisotropy axis parallel to the ac field

• θ and φ (in radians) in a dc magnetic field directed perpendicular to the particle easy anisotropy axis. Figure 4a and Figure 4b show the total energy of the particle in the absence of a dc magnetic field, Hdc = 0, at times when the current ac magnetic field is zero or equal to its maximum value

Plasmonic nanotechnology for photothermal applications – an evaluation

• A. R. Indhu,
• L. Keerthana and
• Gnanaprakash Dharmalingam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 380–419, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.33

Upper critical magnetic field in NbRe and NbReN micrometric strips

• Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki,
• Antonio Leo,
• Federico Chianese,
• Loredana Parlato,
• Giovanni Piero Pepe,
• Angela Nigro,
• Carla Cirillo and
• Carmine Attanasio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 45–51, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.5

• in both cases. The temperature dependence of Hc2 for NbRe and NbReN is displayed, respectively, in Figure 3a and Figure 3b, where both Hc2⟂(T) and Hc2∥(T) are reported. In the insets of Figure 3a and Figure 3b, the temperature dependence of the anisotropy coefficient γ(T) = Hc2∥(T)/Hc2⟂(T) is given

• squares and red circles indicate the temperature dependence of Hc2⟂ and Hc2∥, respectively. The insets show the behavior of the anisotropy coefficient γ as a function of the temperature. (a, b) Temperature dependence of the perpendicular upper critical field of (a) the NbRe and (b) the NbReN microstrip

The influence of structure and local structural defects on the magnetic properties of cobalt nanofilms

• Alexander Vakhrushev,
• Aleksey Fedotov,
• Olesya Severyukhina and
• Anatolie Sidorenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 23–33, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.3

• -hand side are the Zeeman and exchange interactions, respectively, the next two terms describe magnetic anisotropy, followed by the terms responsible for the Dzialoshinsky–Moriya, magnetoelectric, and dipole interactions, respectively. The consideration of different types of interactions in a model

• emphasis at this stage was placed on the pairwise anisotropy model of Neel. The exchange interaction provides a natural connection between the spin and lattice degrees of freedom due to the dependence of the function J on the interatomic distance. This function determines the intensity of the interaction

• and promising magnetic nanomaterials. Magnetic crystallographic anisotropy arises on spin–orbit interaction of atoms. As a consequence, this type of interaction should be separately taken into account when constructing theoretical models and conducting numerical experiments. The type and parameters of

Structural studies and selected physical investigations of LiCoO₂ obtained by combustion synthesis

• Monika Michalska,
• Paweł Ławniczak,
• Tomasz Strachowski,
• Adam Ostrowski and
• Waldemar Bednarski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1473–1482, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.121

• dynamic Jahn–Teller effect. Below about 20 K the dynamic effect becomes static, and the spectra show a clear anisotropy due to static Jahn–Teller distortion. Experimental spectra obtained at 5 K (Figure 7) show that the EPR spectra for each sample consist of two different nickel complexes. From the

Density of states in the presence of spin-dependent scattering in SF bilayers: a numerical and analytical approach

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Valeriia D. Pashkovskaia,
• Nikita A. Parkhomenko,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Boris G. Lvov,
• Alexander A. Golubov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1418–1431, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.117

• discuss a ferromagnet with strong uniaxial anisotropy, in which case the perpendicular fluctuations of the exchange field are suppressed (αx ∼ 0). For simplicity, we also assume the ferromagnet with weak spin–orbit interactions and also neglect the spin–orbit scattering time αso. Finally, assuming αx

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• acceptable rates of 522.44, 174.15, and 88.24 μmol·g−1·h−1, respectively, were reached under these conditions. These rates outperform those of other similar Bi-based semiconductor photocatalysts reported in the literature. To synthesize Bi-based photocatalysts with high anisotropy, hollow structures, or

Enhanced electronic transport properties of Te roll-like nanostructures

• E. R. Viana,
• N. Cifuentes and
• J. C. González

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1284–1291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.106

• the anisotropy of the Te crystal structure [20][21]. However, a fast Fourier transform (FFT) analysis of different areas of the HRTEM images (see Figure 3a) shows that the nanostructures are polycrystalline, with well-oriented large grains and rotated small grains at the edges. Small amorphous areas

Ultrafast signatures of magnetic inhomogeneity in Pd_1−xFe_x (x ≤ 0.08) epitaxial thin films

• Andrey V. Petrov,
• Sergey I. Nikitin,
• Lenar R. Tagirov,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Igor V. Yanilkin and
• Roman V. Yusupov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 836–844, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.74

• polarization plane Δθ, which partially can originate from the pump-induced anisotropy, the responses were measured at two oppositely applied magnetic fields +H and −H. In this case, the contribution odd with respect to the sign of the field ΔθΚ = [Δθ(+H) − Δθ(−H)]/2 has a magnetic nature. To perform

Efficient liquid exfoliation of KP₁₅ nanowires aided by Hansen's empirical theory

• Zhaoxuan Huang,
• Zhikang Jiang,
• Nan Tian,
• Disheng Yao,
• Fei Long,
• Yanhan Yang and
• Danmin Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 788–795, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.69

• Abstract The KP15 nanowires with one-dimensional properties has a defect-free surface, high anisotropy, and carrier mobility which is desirable for the development of novel nanodevices. However, the preparation of nanoscale KP15 is still inefficient. In this work, the Hansen solubility parameters of KP15

• weak interaction between these chains [3][4]. Therefore, those 1D materials have defect-free surfaces, high anisotropy, and carrier mobility. For example, TiS3 nanowires obtained by mechanical stripping have a large carrier mobility of about 10000 cm2·V−1·s−1 [5][6][7]. Fibrous phosphorus is also a new

A new method for obtaining the magnetic shape anisotropy directly from electron tomography images

• Cristian Radu,
• Ioana D. Vlaicu and
• Andrei C. Kuncser

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 590–598, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.51

• developed in order to increase the reliability of the correlations between morphology and magnetism. Using the Magn3t software, the magnetic shape anisotropy magnitude and direction of magnetite nanoparticles has been extracted for the first time directly from transmission electron tomography. Keywords

• : electron tomography; magnetite; Python; shape anisotropy; Introduction For any nanoparticle (NP) system, among the most important pieces of physical information for scientists is information related to the morphology (size, shape, and organization) of its constituents. In nanoscale systems, this

• anisotropy energy, and on the NP organization, through long-range dipole interactions. In other words, magnetic properties are strongly correlated with morphology. There are quite a few ways to provide primary morphological information on NP systems, each of them with specific strengths and weaknesses. A

Effects of substrate stiffness on the viscoelasticity and migration of prostate cancer cells examined by atomic force microscopy

• Xiaoqiong Tang,
• Yan Zhang,
• Jiangbing Mao,
• Yuhua Wang,
• Zhenghong Zhang,
• Zhengchao Wang and
• Hongqin Yang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 560–569, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.47

• using fluorescent isothiocyanate (FITC)-labelled phalloidin to analyse the distribution and local directional changes of filamentous actin. It could be seen that the microfilaments of PC-3 cells were densely arranged and ordered on the stiff substrate. The quantified anisotropy of cytoskeletal

• images of HPV-PZ-7 and PC-3 cytoskeletal microfilaments of cells seeded on substrates with different stiffness. The scale bar of HPV-PZ-7 cells is 20 μm and the scale bar of PC-3 cells is 10 μm. (b) Anisotropy quantification maps of the fibrillar structure of HPV-PZ-7 and PC-3 cells on substrates with

• different stiffness. FibrilTool, an ImageJ plug-in, was used to quantify the fibrillar structure in the original cytoskeleton images. Anisotropy (score between 0 and 1): 0 for no order (purely isotropic arrays) and 1 for perfectly ordered arrays (i.e., parallel fibrils, purely anisotropic arrays); “ns

Controllable two- and three-state magnetization switching in single-layer epitaxial Pd_1−xFe_x films and an epitaxial Pd_0.92Fe_0.08/Ag/Pd_0.96Fe_0.04 heterostructure

• Igor V. Yanilkin,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Gulnaz F. Gizzatullina,
• Roman V. Yusupov and
• Lenar R. Tagirov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 334–343, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.28

• easy-plane ferromagnets with four-fold anisotropy in the film plane [18][19]. Our conjecture is a possibility to switch the magnetic moment of a Pd1−xFex alloy film between the steady directions (90° apart) as it had been done with epitaxial iron films [20][21][22]. To realize this idea, it is

• be written in terms of the cubic anisotropy with small tetragonal distortion. In addition, based on the guess simulations, an importance of the uniaxial anisotropy in the film plane became obvious: where αi are directional cosines for the magnetic М with respect to crystallographic axes [100], [010

• ], [001] of the film, αu is the cosine of the angle between М and the direction of the uniaxial anisotropy axis, Ku is the in-plane uniaxial anisotropy constant. As a result of the parameter adjustment, a good agreement of the theoretical dependences with the experimental data was achieved (Figure 1 and

Systematic studies into uniform synthetic protein nanoparticles

• Nahal Habibi,
• Ava Mauser,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 274–283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.22

• distributions of as-jetted SPNPs approached monodispersity as indicated by polydispersity indices (PDISEM) ranging from 0.11–0.19. Geometric factor analysis revealed high circularities (0.82–0.90), low anisotropy (<1.45) and excellent roundness (0.76–0.89) for all SPNPs prepared via EHD jetting. Tentatively

• , blended SPNPs displayed higher circularity and lower anisotropy, as compared to single-protein SPNPs. Secondary statistical analysis indicated that blended SPNPs generally present combined features of their constituents, with some properties driven by the dominant protein constituent. Our study suggests

• . Direct inspection of the minimum diameter also reveals a similar trend of TF (65 nm) > HSA > HEM ≈ MUC ≈ INS (43 nm). Comparable PDISEM values can be observed for TF, MUC, HSA and INS (0.16–0.19); HEM is the most uniform (0.11) formulation. TF, HEM, and HSA have comparable anisotropy and roundness values

Theoretical understanding of electronic and mechanical properties of 1T′ transition metal dichalcogenide crystals

• Seyedeh Alieh Kazemi,
• Sadegh Imani Yengejeh,
• Vei Wang,
• William Wen and
• Yun Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 160–171, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.11

• ′ polytype; anisotropy; density functional theory; layered transition metal dichalcogenide crystals; shear modulus; Young’s modulus; Introduction Layered transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs) have received increasing attention as important and versatile materials for new applications in different sectors

Influence of magnetic domain walls on all-optical magnetic toggle switching in a ferrimagnetic GdFe film

• Rahil Hosseinifar,
• Evangelos Golias,
• Ivar Kumberg,
• Quentin Guillet,
• Karl Frischmuth,
• Sangeeta Thakur,
• Mario Fix,
• Manfred Albrecht,
• Florian Kronast and
• Wolfgang Kuch

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 74–81, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.5

• compensation temperature, a different Walker breakdown, or less uniaxial anisotropy. Conclusion XMCD-PEEM imaging of the deviation from deterministic all-optical toggle switching of a Gd26Fe74 film by single ultrashort laser pulses showed that the factors that cause this deviation can be distinguished as

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

Topographic signatures and manipulations of Fe atoms, CO molecules and NaCl islands on superconducting Pb(111)

• Carl Drechsel,
• Philipp D’Astolfo,
• Jung-Ching Liu,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Rémy Pawlak and
• Ernst Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1–9, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.1

• possibility to tune the magnetic anisotropy of a single porphyrin molecule by perturbing its ligand field with the STM probe [39][40]. These results not only suggest the importance of future manipulations experiments, but also shed new lights into the potential of decoupling atoms and molecules electronically

Heating ability of elongated magnetic nanoparticles

• Elizaveta M. Gubanova,
• Nikolai A. Usov and
• Vladimir A. Oleinikov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1404–1412, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.104

• also examined. Theoretical studies [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] show that to achieve high SAR values several important factors have to be taken into account, such as the geometric dimensions of particles, particle saturation magnetization, magnitude of the magnetic anisotropy constant, and

• anisotropy constant was assumed [28][29] to be promising in magnetic hyperthermia. However, numerical simulations [30] showed that for spherical nanoparticles an increase of the uniaxial anisotropy constant leads to a decrease in SAR and a shift of the optimal particle diameters to smaller dimensions

• is assumed for simplicity that single-domain magnetite nanoparticles are monocrystalline, so that the cubic-type magneto-crystalline anisotropy energy of the assembly is given by [25]: Here, Kc = −105 erg/cm3 is the cubic magnetic anisotropy constant [47], V = πab2/6 is the volume of a spheroidal

Design aspects of Bi₂Sr₂CaCu₂O_8+δ THz sources: optimization of thermal and radiative properties

• Mikhail M. Krasnov,
• Natalia D. Novikova,
• Roger Cattaneo,
• Alexey A. Kalenyuk and
• Vladimir M. Krasnov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1392–1403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.103

• of the other two materials, namely Bi-2212 and polycrystalline gold electrodes. At low T both have linear κ(T). For Bi-2212 we assume κab(T) = 0.1 T(K) W·K−1·m−1 [45] with an anisotropy κab/κc = 8 [46]. For a polycrystalline gold thin film we use κ(T) = 3 T(K) W·K−1·m−1 [32]. The heat is produced in

• spherical (taking into account the anisotropy κab/κc = 8). In this case self-heating is dominated by the spreading heat resistance in the crystal [29][31], Rh ≃ = 23.6 K/mW at T = 20 K, where L = 30 μm is the in-plane size of the mesa. For comparison, the heat resistance of epoxy is only 2 K/mW for de = 5