Epitaxial growth and superconducting properties of thin-film PdFe/VN and VN/PdFe bilayers on MgO(001) substrates

• Wael M. Mohammed,
• Igor V. Yanilkin,
• Amir I. Gumarov,
• Airat G. Kiiamov,
• Roman V. Yusupov and
• Lenar R. Tagirov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 807–813, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.65

• Abstract Single-layer vanadium nitride (VN) and bilayer Pd0.96Fe0.04/VN and VN/Pd0.92Fe0.08 thin-film heterostructures for possible spintronics applications were synthesized on (001)-oriented single-crystalline magnesium oxide (MgO) substrates utilizing a four-chamber ultrahigh vacuum deposition and

Light–matter interactions in two-dimensional layered WSe₂ for gauging evolution of phonon dynamics

• Avra S. Bandyopadhyay,
• Chandan Biswas and
• Anupama B. Kaul

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 782–797, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.63

• the following in Equation 1 [7], among which A1g, E1g, are the Raman active optical modes, are the acoustic phonon modes, are the infrared active modes, and E2u, B1u, are the four optically inactive modes; however the mode is active for bilayer and thicker WSe2. In this study we focus on the

• decreased interfacial defect density and built-in strain on sapphire that reduces the electron–phonon interaction in the material [30]. The value of τ obtained in our study is also comparable to what has been reported for τ in 1L CVD grown WSe2 (≈0.76 ps) [30], bilayer CVD grown WSe2 (≈2.4 ps) [29], MoS2

Structural optical and electrical properties of a transparent conductive ITO/Al–Ag/ITO multilayer contact

• Aliyu Kabiru Isiyaku,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 695–702, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.57

• pure ITO layer (as reference) were prepared by RF and DC sputtering. The microstructural, optical and electrical properties of the ITO/Al–Ag/ITO (IAAI) films were investigated before and after annealing at 400 °C. X-ray diffraction measurements show that the insertion of the Al–Ag intermediate bilayer

• of an ITO sandwich electrode with Ag alloy against heat treatment at 450 °C was carried out by Roh et al. [30]. An appreciable durability and stability of the Ag films was observed. In the present work, the structural, optical and electrical properties of an Al–Ag bilayer between ITO layers (ITO/Al

• enhanced optical transmittance. Conclusion ITO/Al-Ag/ITO (IAAI) multilayer films were deposited by RF and DC magnetron sputtering at room temperature. The inclusion of the Al–Ag bilayer coupled with annealing at 400 °C significantly enhanced the microstructural, optical and electrical properties of the

Observation of unexpected uniaxial magnetic anisotropy in La_2/3Sr_1/3MnO₃ films by a BaTiO₃ overlayer in an artificial multiferroic bilayer

• John E. Ordóñez,
• Lorena Marín,
• Luis A. Rodríguez,
• Pedro A. Algarabel,
• José A. Pardo,
• Roger Guzmán,
• Luis Morellón,
• César Magén,
• Etienne Snoeck,
• María E. Gómez and
• Manuel R. Ibarra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 651–661, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.51

• depend on the crystal distortion of the LSMO film: 1) a bilayer with a compressive-strained LSMO film on LAO substrate; 2) a bilayer with a weakly compressive-strained LSMO film on LSAT substrate and 3) a bilayer with a tensile-strained LSMO film on STO substrate. Figure 2 displays a scheme illustrating

• samples grown on LSAT (Figure 3d) and LAO (Figure 3f) we do not detect appreciable changes in the shape of the hysteresis loops in comparison with those for LSMO film. However, in the bilayer grown on STO (Figure 3b), the Mr for the hysteresis loop taken along the [100] (black squares) is reduced when

• plots for a 27 nm LSMO layer (black squares) and BTO (140 nm)/LSMO (27 nm) on STO; Figure 4b BTO (140 nm)/LSMO (27 nm) bilayers grown on STO (green triangles), LAO (purple diamonds), and LSAT (blue pentagons); Figure 4c BTO (140 nm)/LSMO (tLSMO) bilayer grown on STO with tLSMO = 20 nm (blue circles), 27

Multilayer capsules made of weak polyelectrolytes: a review on the preparation, functionalization and applications in drug delivery

• Varsha Sharma and
• Anandhakumar Sundaramurthy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 508–532, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.41

Interactions at the cell membrane and pathways of internalization of nano-sized materials for nanomedicine

• Valentina Francia,
• Daphne Montizaan and
• Anna Salvati

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 338–353, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.25

• Section 2.1. Recently, computer simulations and in vitro studies of nanoparticle–membrane interactions have shown that the surface of nanomaterials can in itself induce several changes at the plasma membrane, by determining sol–gel transitions in the lipid bilayer and impairing lipid lateral diffusion

Anomalous current–voltage characteristics of SFIFS Josephson junctions with weak ferromagnetic interlayers

• Tairzhan Karabassov,
• Anastasia V. Guravova,
• Aleksei Yu. Kuzin,
• Elena A. Kazakova,
• Shiro Kawabata,
• Boris G. Lvov and
• Andrey S. Vasenko

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 252–262, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.19

• F layer on the density of states in the left S/F bilayer and vice versa (see Figure 1). Thus we need to obtain the DOS at the outer border of each S/F bilayer. That can be done by solving the Usadel equations in the S/F bilayer system [94]. In the following, we use the θ-parameterizations of normal

• corresponds to a rather weak suppression. To calculate the density of states in the S/F bilayer we should set the boundary conditions at the outer boundary of the ferromagnet (x = 0), To complete the boundary problem we also set a boundary condition at x = ±∞, where the Green’s functions acquire the well

• Equation 13 and Equation 14), and the amplitude of DOS variations tends to zero. In this case the CVC of SFIFS junction tends to follow Ohm’s law for h ≫ Δ. The ferromagnetic materials with small exchange fields can be fabricated as discussed in [103]. We also note that the DOS at the end of an SF bilayer

Nonequilibrium Kondo effect in a graphene-coupled quantum dot in the presence of a magnetic field

• Levente Máthé and
• Ioan Grosu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 225–239, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.17

• the Kondo temperature enabling many future applications [76][77]. A plethora of experimental measurements have focused on the electronic transport through graphene QDs [78][79][80][81], bilayer graphene QDs [82][83], graphene QDs in the multilevel regime [84][85][86], graphene double QDs [87][88] and

Rational design of block copolymer self-assemblies in photodynamic therapy

• Maxime Demazeau,
• Laure Gibot,
• Anne-Françoise Mingotaud,
• Patricia Vicendo,
• Clément Roux and
• Barbara Lonetti

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 180–212, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.15

Molecular architectonics of DNA for functional nanoarchitectures

• Debasis Ghosh,
• Lakshmi P. Datta and
• Thimmaiah Govindaraju

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 124–140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.11

• ligated by DNA via direct amidation, and the covalent attachment allowed the insertion of an array of porphyrin segments along the nucleotide sequence. Recently, a transmembrane lipid bilayer nanopore comprised of folded DNA became the center of attraction by mimicking natural protein pores. Howorka and

• co-workers reported the synthesis of porphyrin-conjugated DNA nanopores as a simple and effective strategy to span through the bilayer system [93]. The nanopore consisted of six hexagonally packed DNA double-helical assemblies that were preserved by double-crossover strands (Figure 8a). The two

• porphyrin units were positioned at the terminal of a helical bundle that improved the directional insertion of the nanobarrel across the bilayer. AFM images showed that the assembled morphology of the hexagonally packed nanobarrels was made up of porphyrin-tethered DNA (Figure 8b). Stulz and co-workers

Internalization mechanisms of cell-penetrating peptides

• Ivana Ruseska and
• Andreas Zimmer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2020, 11, 101–123, doi:10.3762/bjnano.11.10

• instance. In general, direct translocation requires the interaction of positively charged CPPs with negatively charged components of the cellular membrane such as the phospholipid bilayer, which then leads to the CPP entrance [6]. Furthermore, direct translocation requires permanent or temporary

Use of data processing for rapid detection of the prostate-specific antigen biomarker using immunomagnetic sandwich-type sensors

• Camila A. Proença,
• Tayane A. Freitas,
• Thaísa A. Baldo,
• Elsa M. Materón,
• Flávio M. Shimizu,
• Gabriella R. Ferreira,
• Frederico L. F. Soares,
• Ronaldo C. Faria and
• Osvaldo N. Oliveira Jr.

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2171–2181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.210

• polyclonal antibody, (3) capture of biomarker by the bioconjugate, (4) sandwich formation by injection of the biomarker captured by Ab2-MNP-HRP in the microfluidic system. The first step included the deposition of a bilayer of poly(diallyldimethylammonium) (PDDA) and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) decorated with

Microbubbles decorated with dendronized magnetic nanoparticles for biomedical imaging: effective stabilization via fluorous interactions

• Da Shi,
• Justine Wallyn,
• Dinh-Vu Nguyen,
• Francis Perton,
• Delphine Felder-Flesch,
• Sylvie Bégin-Colin,
• Mounir Maaloum and
• Marie Pierre Krafft

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 2103–2115, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.205

• IONP samples are well-dispersed with no indication of aggregation. The films of spin-coated DPPC form large monolayer and small bilayer domains (Figure 10a). The profile measured on the magnified image (Figure 10b and Figure 10c) shows that the heights of the monolayer and bilayer are 1.5 ± 0.3 nm and

• measured on the magnification image (Figure 11Bb) shows two IONPs of ≈10 nm in height, clearly separated by a bilayer domain of ≈5 nm in height. This difference can be explained by the fact that short fluorinated groups such as C2F5 can significantly increase the lipophilicity of molecules. This is the

Microfluidic manufacturing of different niosomes nanoparticles for curcumin encapsulation: Physical characteristics, encapsulation efficacy, and drug release

• Mohammad A. Obeid,
• Ibrahim Khadra,
• Abdullah Albaloushi,
• Margaret Mullin,
• Hanin Alyamani and
• Valerie A. Ferro

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1826–1832, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.177

• . Niosome nanoparticles are lipid-based, and composed of non-ionic surfactants with cholesterol orientated into a membrane bilayer structure. Two different non-ionic surfactants were used and the mixing parameters were varied to optimize the characteristics of the prepared niosomes. The prepared niosomes

• . 11%, while niosomes prepared using T85 at 3:1 FRR resulted in an EE of ca. 60%. The increase in FRR from 1:1 to 3:1 resulted in a significant (p < 0.05) increase in the EE values for both formulations. Niosomes exhibit a lipid bilayer structure encapsulating an aqueous compartment. Hydrophilic

• concentration of chol and the non-ionic surfactant in the final niosome formulations. The presence of chol is a key factor that controls membrane rigidity. Higher chol concentrations results in a less permeable and more rigid bilayer membrane. Moreover, the encapsulation of hydrophobic molecules is highly

Biocatalytic oligomerization-induced self-assembly of crystalline cellulose oligomers into nanoribbon networks assisted by organic solvents

• Yuuki Hata,
• Yuka Fukaya,
• Toshiki Sawada,
• Masahito Nishiura and
• Takeshi Serizawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1778–1788, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.173

• ], distorted nanosheets with a bilayer structure [35], helical nanorods with a bilayer structure [35], and network structures composed of nanoribbon-shaped lamellar crystals [33][42][43][44][45][46] have been successfully constructed by changing the enzymatic reactions, tuning the self-assembly kinetics

Chiral nanostructures self-assembled from nitrocinnamic amide amphiphiles: substituent and solvent effects

• Hejin Jiang,
• Huahua Fan,
• Yuqian Jiang,
• Li Zhang and
• Minghua Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1608–1617, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.156

• result indicates that the NCLG assemblies might form a bilayer structure with high interdigitation of the alkyl chains, where the bilayer structure experiences a large tilt. Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) spectra In order to elucidate the formation mechanism of the helicity and nanostructures of the

Tailoring the stability/aggregation of one-dimensional TiO₂(B)/titanate nanowires using surfactants

• Atiđa Selmani,
• Johannes Lützenkirchen,
• Kristina Kučanda,
• Dario Dabić,
• Engelbert Redel,
• Ida Delač Marion,
• Damir Kralj,
• Darija Domazet Jurašin and
• Maja Dutour Sikirić

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1024–1037, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.103

• charged head groups adsorb and neutralize negatively charged TNW surfaces, which is followed by the interaction between hydrophobic tails of adsorbed surfactant molecules and those in the bulk causing charge reversal (Figure 3a,b). The charge reversal indicates the formation of surfactant bilayer

• surface aggregates – hemi-micelles are formed resulting in the increase of the adsorption density. Ultimately, a surface bilayer in which the heads of the second surfactant layer are oriented towards the solution forms and the maximum absorption density is achieved. Any further increase in the surfactant

• observed by the zeta potential measurements. Positive zeta potential values indicate that head groups of surfactant molecules adsorbed on TNW are facing towards the solution, due to the formation of the bilayer. The formation of the bilayers at a surfactant concentration below the cmc reflects the high

Polydopamine-coated Au nanorods for targeted fluorescent cell imaging and photothermal therapy

• Boris N. Khlebtsov,
• Andrey M. Burov,
• Timofey E. Pylaev and
• Nikolai G. Khlebtsov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 794–803, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.79

• fluids because of a cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) bilayer on the AuNR surface, which is a necessary agent in the synthesis method [16]. The coating of the nanoparticles with polymeric or inorganic shells and further functionalization with target molecules can help to overcome this drawback

Outstanding chain-extension effect and high UV resistance of polybutylene succinate containing amino-acid-modified layered double hydroxides

• Adam A. Marek,
• Vincent Verney,
• Christine Taviot-Gueho,
• Grazia Totaro,
• Laura Sisti,
• Annamaria Celli and
• Fabrice Leroux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 684–695, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.68

• , which decreases the constrained accommodation that would have resulted in the close proximity of the HIS molecules to one other. On the other hand, the interlayer distance in the case of LDH/PHE must arise from a bilayer head-to-tail arrangement in the direction perpendicular to the hydroxide layer

Temperature-dependent Raman spectroscopy and sensor applications of PtSe₂ nanosheets synthesized by wet chemistry

• Mahendra S. Pawar and
• Dattatray J. Late

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 467–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.46

• semimetallic nature and single-layer PtSe2 has a semiconducting nature with a bandgap of 1.2 eV. Bilayer PtSe2 is also a semiconducting material but with a slightly smaller band gap than the monolayer material [19]. This layer-dependent conversion of semimetal-to-semiconductor transition has potential for

Targeting strategies for improving the efficacy of nanomedicine in oncology

• Gonzalo Villaverde and
• Alejandro Baeza

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 168–181, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.16

• there [15]. These nanocapsules were anchored on the surface of mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) coated with a lipid bilayer (protocells) enhancing their penetration into 3D tumoral tissue models, which yielded a significant enhancement of the therapeutic efficacy of these nanodevices (Figure 1) [16

Bidirectional biomimetic flow sensing with antiparallel and curved artificial hair sensors

• Claudio Abels,
• Antonio Qualtieri,
• Toni Lober,
• Alessandro Mariotti,
• Lily D. Chambers,
• Massimo De Vittorio,
• William M. Megill and
• Francesco Rizzi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 32–46, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.4

• acid (HF) back side wet etching step removes the SiO2 layer (2 μm etching depth). By performing a last KOH top side wet etching, the exposed (U-shaped) silicon device layer around the cantilevers is removed (2 μm etching depth). Due to the residual stress in the material, the released SiN/Si bilayer

Optimization of Mo/Cr bilayer back contacts for thin-film solar cells

• Nima Khoshsirat,
• Fawad Ali,
• Vincent Tiing Tiong,
• Mojtaba Amjadipour,
• Hongxia Wang,
• Mahnaz Shafiei and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2700–2707, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.252

• .9.252 Abstract Molybdenum (Mo) is the most commonly used material as back contact in thin-film solar cells. Adhesion of Mo film to soda–lime glass (SLG) substrate is crucial to the performance of solar cells. In this study, an optimized bilayer structure made of a thin layer of Mo on an ultra-thin

• chromium (Cr) adhesion layer is used as the back contact for a copper zinc tin sulfide (CZTS) thin-film solar cell on a SLG substrate. DC magnetron sputtering is used for deposition of Mo and Cr films. The conductivity of Mo/Cr bilayer films, their microstructure and surface morphology are studied at

• the back contact thickness to 600 nm. That is two thirds to half of the thickness that is currently being used for bilayer and single layer back contact for thin-film solar cells. We demonstrate the excellent properties of Mo/Cr bilayer as back contact of a CZTS solar cell. Keywords: back contact

Metal-free catalysis based on nitrogen-doped carbon nanomaterials: a photoelectron spectroscopy point of view

• Mattia Scardamaglia and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2015–2031, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.191

• graphene. It has been shown that there is an upper limit for the local concentration of substitutional nitrogen in an sp2-layered carbon system [95]. For bilayer graphene, which in good approximation can be extended to MWNTs, the system remains fully sp2-coordinated below a nitrogen concentration of 15–20

Increasing the performance of a superconducting spin valve using a Heusler alloy

• Andrey A. Kamashev,
• Aidar A. Validov,
• Joachim Schumann,
• Vladislav Kataev,
• Bernd Büchner,
• Yakov V. Fominov and
• Ilgiz A. Garifullin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1764–1769, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.167

• to estimate these parameters characterizing the properties of the S layer we use our experimental data on the resistivity and on the dependence of Tc on the S-layer thickness at a large unchanged thickness of the F layer in the S/F bilayer. The residual resistivity ρS = ρ(Tc) can be determined from

• of the S layer, , which is defined as the thickness below which there is no superconductivity in the S/F bilayer: . In the limiting case , the thickness can be calculated explicitly as [29] Here γE ≈ 1.78 is the Euler constant. Our data yield (γb = 1.95) for the Fe/In system, (γb = 2.7) for the Fe