Search results
Search for "composites" in Full Text gives 305 result(s) in Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology. Showing first 200.
Graphene composites with dental and biomedical applicability
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 801–808, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.73
- applicability, methods to produce larger than lab-scale quantities of graphene are required. Here, we present a simple method to make large quantities of FLG starting with commercially available multi-layer graphene (MLG). This FLG material was then used to fabricate graphene dental-polymer composites. The
- resultant graphene-modified composites show that low concentrations of graphene (ca. 0.2 wt %) lead to enhanced performance improvement in physio-mechanical properties – the mean compressive strength increased by 27% and the mean compressive modulus increased by 22%. Herein we report a new, cheap and simple
- method to make large quantities of few-layer graphene which was then incorporated into a common dental polymer to fabricate graphene-composites which shows very promising mechanical properties. Keywords: biocompatibility; bioglass; graphene; mechanical properties; nanocomposite; Introduction Now that
Facile synthesis of a ZnO–BiOI p–n nano-heterojunction with excellent visible-light photocatalytic activity
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 789–800, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.72
- Zn/Bi, the morphology varies from nanoplates, flowers to nanoparticles. The heterojunction formed between ZnO and BiOI decreases the recombination rate of photogenerated carriers and enhances the photocatalytic activity of ZnO/BiOI composites. The obtained ZnO/BiOI heterostructured nanocomposites
- properties [33]. In 2014, spin-coating was utilized to prepare ZnO nanowire arrays with tunable band gap, layered BiOBr–BiOI composites onto them. It showed that the BiOBr/BiOI composites played the role of sensitizer in the heterojunctions and were tunable by varying the BiOBr/BiOI ratio [34]. Kuang et al
- heterostructured nanocomposites of ZnO and BiOI. The structural characteristics of the as-prepared ZnO/BiOI composites were revealed by nitrogen adsorption–desorption isotherms shown in Figure S3, Supporting Information File 1. The isotherm of sample B-4, with a unique hysteresis loop and a classical two capillary
Surface-plasmon-enhanced ultraviolet emission of Au-decorated ZnO structures for gas sensing and photocatalytic devices
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 771–779, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.70
- proposed NO2 sensors with some previously reported ZnO composites. Supporting Information Supporting Information File 34: Additional spectra. Acknowledgements This work was financially supported by a grant from the National Foundation for Science and Technology Development (NAFOSTED, code: 104.04-2014.19
Synthesis and characterization of two new TiO2-containing benzothiazole-based imine composites for organic device applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 721–739, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.67
- of imine:TiO2 composites for organic device applications were examined. The investigated titanium dioxide (in anatase form, obtained via the sol–gel method) exhibited a surface area of 59.5 m2/g according to Brunauer–Emmett–Teller theory, and its structure is a combination of both meso- and
- interaction. Also the temperature of the phase transition was slightly affected with the increase of TiO2 concentration in imine-based composites. The changes observed in the Fourier transform middle-infrared absorption (FT-MIR) spectra confirmed the significant influence of TiO2 on structural properties of
- both investigated imines. Similar interactions of oxygen vacancies existing on the TiO2 surface with SP1 and SP2 were observed. The imine:TiO2 mixtures showed good air stability and reusability, which demonstrates its potential for organic device applications. Keywords: azomethines; composites; HOMO
Perovskite-structured CaTiO3 coupled with g-C3N4 as a heterojunction photocatalyst for organic pollutant degradation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 671–685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.62
- in the literature [32][33]. Xian and coworkers have studied the photocatalytic degradation of MO under simulated solar light irradiation in BaTiO3–g-C3N4 composites with an efficient charge separation of photogenerated charge carriers at the interfaces [30]. Leong et al. have successfully made a
- promising amalgamated g-C3N4–SrTiO3 photocatalyst by a simple thermal method. The as-prepared composites showed exceptional properties for photocatalytic degradation of bisphenol A (BPA) under intense sunlight due to the enhanced migration of photogenerated charges over the close interfacial connections
Facile phase transfer of gold nanorods and nanospheres stabilized with block copolymers
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 616–627, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.58
- hydro- and organosols with the data of numerical simulations of the surface plasmon resonance, we find that nanoparticles do not aggregate and confirm the transmission electron microscopy data regarding their shape and size. The proposed approach can be effective in preparing hybrid composites without
- cylinders of ca. 100 nm diameter in PS bulk, so that Au nanorods of 30–40 nm diameter can be selectively located within the P2VP domains. It is also important that we avoid using an additional third component stabilizer that is usually present in diblock copolymer composites with Au nanoparticles
Fabrication and photoactivity of ionic liquid–TiO2 structures for efficient visible-light-induced photocatalytic decomposition of organic pollutants in aqueous phase
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 580–590, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.54
- the IL–TiO2 composites, for example, for photo-electrochemical water splitting [26][27], photo-oxidation of benzyl alcohol [12], phenol [28], degradation of chlorophenol [17][29], reduction of Cr6+ to Cr3+ [30] and the photocatalytic desulfurization of diesel oil [31]. Nevertheless, in most of these
- issue in the field of IL–TiO2 composites, that is, which structural descriptors of ILs are crucial for the preparation of visible-light-active photocatalysts with desired morphology and properties and how to predict the properties of the IL–TiO2 material on the basis of the structure and properties of
- Table 2. The average crystal size values of the IL–TiO2 composites generally increased with the addition of ILs in comparison to pristine TiO2. This could suggest that the addition of ILs during the preparation of TiO2 affects the growth of the anatase nanocrystals, forming microparticles. Similar
Single-step process to improve the mechanical properties of carbon nanotube yarn
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 545–554, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.52
- electrical properties (Young’s modulus of 1 TPa, tensile strength above 100 GPa), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are promising materials for various advanced technologies, including CNT-reinforced polymer composites [1][2]. Although many investigations have been carried out with these materials, it still remains a
Ultralight super-hydrophobic carbon aerogels based on cellulose nanofibers/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (CNFs/PVA/GO) for highly effective oil–water separation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 508–519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.49
- is considered to be an economical choice because of its physical collection, lower costs, simplicity and high efficiency [1][2]. However, traditional sorbents, such as various synthetic organic polymers, natural organic materials, inorganic sorbents and polymer-based composites, tend to suffer from
Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO2
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43
- Instrument PIXIS:256E digital CCD camera, equipped with a SP-2156 Imaging Spectrograph and an Opolette 355LD UVDM tunable laser as the excitation source. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) measurements were used for chemical characterization of the Nd-TiO2 composites surface. The high-resolution (HR) XPS
Engineering of oriented carbon nanotubes in composite materials
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 415–435, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.41
- electronic, military, and new composites, has drawn the attention of researchers to this topic in recent decades [3][4][5]. Figure 1 and Figure 2 represent the growth rate of papers and patents and the fields of application of CNTs in the past 16 years, based on Scopus data, respectively. As indicated, the
- and whether they are open- or close-ended), their arrays and arrangement in composite materials may lead to different properties. For example, in their recent research, Nam et al. have shown the effect of diameter in a composite material containing aligned CNTs [9]. This study showed that composites
- fabricated with a smaller average diameter have significantly better mechanical properties. Gulotty et al. have reported that CNTs with a longer and larger diameter more efficiently improve the thermal conductivity of polymer composites [10]. Furthermore, it has been shown that for biological applications
Dynamic behavior of nematic liquid crystal mixtures with quantum dots in electric fields
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 399–406, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.39
- composites. The calculations presented in this paper are based on particular experimental results obtained at 28 °C, for a relatively high concentration of quantum dots. Further measurements are to be done in the future, over a wide temperature range and under consideration of other parameters, to improve
Sugarcane juice derived carbon dot–graphitic carbon nitride composites for bisphenol A degradation under sunlight irradiation
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 353–363, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.35
- Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology (ISM), Dhanbad 826004, Jharkhand, India 10.3762/bjnano.9.35 Abstract Carbon dots (CDs) and graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) composites (CD/g-C3N4) were successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method using
- urea and sugarcane juice as starting materials. The chemical composition, morphological structure and optical properties of the composites and CDs were characterized using various spectroscopic techniques as well as transmission electron microscopy. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results
- revealed new signals for carbonyl and carboxyl groups originating from the CDs in CD/g-C3N4 composites while X-ray diffraction (XRD) results showed distortion of the host matrix after incorporating CDs into g-C3N4. Both analyses signified the interaction between g-C3N4 and CDs. The photoluminescence (PL
Synthesis and characterization of electrospun molybdenum dioxide–carbon nanofibers as sulfur matrix additives for rechargeable lithium–sulfur battery applications
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 262–270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.28
- sulfur/MoO2–CNFs electrodes was examined, and the data showed that MoO2–CNFs calcined at 850 °C delivered optimal performance with an initial capacity of 1095 mAh g−1 and 860 mAh g−1 after 50 cycles. The results demonstrated that sulfur/MoO2–CNF composites display a remarkably high lithium–ion diffusion
- conductivity of Ti4O7 nanoparticles [16][17] and Co9S8 [18] nanosheets have been used in new concepts for sulfur matrices with both a polar nature and good conductivity. Therefore, the exploration of novel conductive composites is another direction leading to the practical application of Li–S batteries
- HRTEM image indicated that the grown structure was single crystalline with a lattice spacing of 0.344 nm, corresponding to the [11] crystal plane of monoclinic MoO2 (Figure 3i). SEM images of pure sulfur and S/MoO2–CNF composites are displayed in Figure 4a,b, respectively. The sulfur morphology was
Liquid-crystalline nanoarchitectures for tissue engineering
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 205–215, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.22
- composites and materials [84]. As shown in Table 1, the potential clinical applications of LC biomaterials include the regeneration of (1) acellular tissue such as bones, teeth (dentine and enamel), and cornea, (2) cell-ECM complexes such as spinal cords, tendons, and skin layers, and (3) cellular tissue
Bombyx mori silk/titania/gold hybrid materials for photocatalytic water splitting: combining renewable raw materials with clean fuels
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 187–204, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.21
- TiO2 (columnar rutile) had a height of 1.2 µm and was further sputter-coated with Pt particles. The resulting composites produced 2760 mmol/(24 h·m2) of H2 with a 500 W Xe lamp. This is higher than the current materials, which produce 200 mmol/(24 h·m2) of H2. It must be noted, however, that these
- different approaches difficult. Nevertheless, TiO2-based composites are highly promising and the current example further broadens the pool of attractive and tunable photocatalysts for water splitting. The performance of the current materials is comparable to other photocatalysts, but they have the
Electrical properties of a liquid crystal dispersed in an electrospun cellulose acetate network
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 155–163, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.18
- optoelectronics (light valves, polarizers), architectural windows, reduction of solar heat load [2][6], nonlinear optics [7][8][9] and nanotechnological applications [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. The macroscopic electro-optical effect in electrospun cellulose acetate/LC composites is similar to
Advances in nanocarbon composite materials
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 20–21, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.3
- then expanded to the area of two-dimensional materials. This Thematic Series contains reviews and articles spanning diverse areas of research and highlights promising applications for energy transfer composites, coatings, biosensors, diagnostics, biomedicine and advanced nanocarbon materials. Many of
Thermo- and electro-optical properties of photonic liquid crystal fibers doped with gold nanoparticles
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2790–2801, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.278
- the N–I transition temperature. This technique allowed us to obtain a uniform mixture without any sedimentation, which could plug the microchannels of the PCF and hinder (or even prevent) the infiltration process. Synthesis of liquid crystal–Au nanoparticle composites The Au NP-doped LC mixture was
- molecules, which induced a phase transfer of the Au NPs from water to chloroform. The LC–Au NP composites with various Au NP concentrations (0.1, 0.3, 0.5 and 1 wt %) were fabricated by mixing the suspension of Au NPs in chloroform with a liquid crystal material and slowly evaporating the solvent. Nematic
Material discrimination and mixture ratio estimation in nanocomposites via harmonic atomic force microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2771–2780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.276
- and nondestructive mechanical mapping of numerous specimens [23][24][25][26]. Here, we employed harmonic AFM to distinguish different materials, visualize the distribution of NPs in composites, and estimate the mixture ratio in a quantitative manner. First, some important factors affecting harmonic
- SiO2/PS composites. Main parameters used in the harmonic atomic force microscopy simulations. Acknowledgements This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51675504).
Impact of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on purification and contamination of nematic liquid crystals
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2766–2770, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.275
- contamination. We have examined nematic liquid crystals with low (LC1) and high (LC2) ionic contamination and their composites with TiO2 nanoparticles. The impact of TiO2 nanoparticles on purification and contamination in LCs has been experimentally shown. The plane-parallel cells consisted of two glass
- by plasma synthesis and were not covered with any ligands. Dry NPs were added to LCs at a concentration of 0.25, 0.5 and 1 wt %. The composites were prepared in isotropic phase over one hour by ultrasonication. To estimate ion density (c) and average diffusion coefficient (D) in LC1, LC2 and their
- composites with TiO2 NPs, low frequency dielectric spectra were measured. All measurements were performed with a LCR-meter (Agilent E4980A) under the same conditions at room temperature. The investigation results of the low frequency dielectric spectra LCs are shown in Figure 1. The spectra were obtained in
CdSe nanorod/TiO2 nanoparticle heterojunctions with enhanced solar- and visible-light photocatalytic activity
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2741–2752, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.273
- rue Jean Starcky, 68093 Mulhouse, France 10.3762/bjnano.8.273 Abstract CdSe nanorods (NRs) with an average length of ≈120 nm were prepared by a solvothermal process and associated to TiO2 nanoparticles (Aeroxide® P25) by annealing at 300 °C for 1 h. The content of CdSe NRs in CdSe/TiO2 composites was
- the narrow bandgap of CdSe NRs serves to increase the photoresponse of CdSe/TiO2 composites until ≈725 nm. The CdSe (2 wt %)/TiO2 composite exhibits the highest photocatalytic activity for the degradation of rhodamine B in aqueous solution under simulated sunlight or visible light irradiation. The
- min), washed with water (5 × 10 mL), then with ethanol (2 × 10 mL) and finally dried at 50 °C for 12 h. Preparation of CdSe/TiO2 composites CdSe/TiO2 composites with a varied content of CdSe NRs (0.5, 1, 2 and 5 wt %) were prepared. For the CdSe (2 wt %)/TiO2 composite, commercial Aeroxide® P25 TiO2
Ab initio study of adsorption and diffusion of lithium on transition metal dichalcogenide monolayers
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2711–2718, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.270
- strategies have been developed to improve the electrochemical properties of MoS2 as an anode for LIBs. Three-dimensional hierarchical structures constructed by assembling two-dimensional MoS2 nanosheets can deliver a capacity of 1009 mAh/g at 500 mA/g after 500 cycles [20]. The formation of composites of
- excellent cycling stability and superior rate performance. The composites exhibited a high discharge capacity of 1546 mAh/g after 300 cycles. The MoS2 composites grown on TiO2 nanotubes show better rate capability with a reversible capacity of 461 mAh/g at 1000 mA/g, compared with the capacity of pure MoS2
Exploring wear at the nanoscale with circular mode atomic force microscopy
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2662–2668, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.266
- tracks resulting from wear experiments on copper-based composites (the counter-body is a silicon nitride probe) at a constant normal load of 180 nN with constant sliding distance and sliding velocities of (A) 100 µm/s and (B) 1 mm/s. To maintain a constant sliding distance, the wear duration is 100 min
The role of ligands in coinage-metal nanoparticles for electronics
Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2625–2639, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.263
- . They can be combined with polymers to form conductive composites and have been used as the basis of molecular electronic devices. This review summarizes the multidimensional role of surface ligands that cover their metal cores. Ligands not only passivate crystal facets and determine growth rates and
- , and during deposition, where they may affect self-assembly, cross-linking, or sintering. The effects of ligands at all stages have implications on the electrical properties of the final particle-based materials. Finally, we review first reports on ligands in electrically conductive composites of
- plates (600 nm in length and 30 nm in thickness) or spheres and rods (5 μm in length and 100 nm in diameter) led to layers with conductivities of 14706 and 31250 S/cm already at 62 and 54% metal mass fraction, respectively [74]. Similarly, gold nanorods in composites with PEDOT:PSS yielded films that had
Other Beilstein-Institut Open Science Activities
