Photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light by cobalt ferrite nanoparticles/graphene quantum dots

• Vo Chau Ngoc Anh,
• Le Thi Thanh Nhi,
• Le Thi Kim Dung,
• Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa,
• Nguyen Truong Son,
• Nguyen Thi Thao Uyen,
• Nguyen Ngoc Uyen Thu,
• Le Van Thanh Son,
• Le Trung Hieu,
• Tran Ngoc Tuyen and
• Dinh Quang Khieu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 475–489, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.43

• samples prepared at 180 and 200 °C. No signals for GQDs can be observed because of the low crystallinity, high dispersion, and small amount of GQDs in CF/GQDs. The peak of the (222) plane is related to the octahedral sites, while the peaks at the (220) and (422) planes are attributed to the tetrahedral

Fabrication of nanocrystal forms of ᴅ-cycloserine and their application for transdermal and enteric drug delivery systems

• Hsuan-Ang Tsai,
• Tsai-Miao Shih,
• Theodore Tsai,
• Jhe-Wei Hu,
• Yi-An Lai,
• Jui-Fu Hsiao and
• Guochuan Emil Tsai

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 465–474, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.42

• size below 40 nm can successfully penetrate the skin in which the intercellular space of skin stratum corneum is around 10–100 nm [42]. Taken together, we fabricated DCS nanocrystals and immersed them into hydrophobic formulations to form a solid dispersion for transdermal delivery systems. These

Nanomedicines against Chagas disease: a critical review

• Maria Jose Morilla,
• Kajal Ghosal and
• Eder Lilia Romero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 333–349, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.30

• pharmaceutical technology such as lyophilization, micrometerization, microemulsion, the inclusion of surfactants, solid dispersion, and the use of complexing agents such as cyclodextrins, Zer-Os tablet innovation, soft gels, and triglas [32]. Nanomedicines can also be used to increase the oral bioavailability of

Comparative electron microscopy particle sizing of TiO₂ pigments: sample preparation and measurement

• Ralf Theissmann,
• Christopher Drury,
• Markus Rohe,
• Thomas Koch,
• Jochen Winkler and
• Petr Pikal

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 317–332, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.29

• dioxide materials, the optical properties of E171 are related to the primary particle size, although the degree of dispersion needs to be taken into account [12]. An overview of particle size measurement methods for nanomaterials is given in [4]. Our paper focuses mainly on number-based particle size

• because aggregates and primary particles start to be destroyed above 250 J/mL, but only at low rates [18][19]. However, dispersion energies of approximately 600 J/mL or higher may significantly break aggregates into primary particles, causing a shift in the particle size distribution towards a smaller

• median size (D50n) due to the detection of a higher number of liberated primary particles. After dispersion, the samples were transported to the Agilent laboratory. The following day, they were re-dispersed in two different ways just before measurement. This was done to evaluate the impact of sample

Exploring the relationships between physiochemical properties of nanoparticles and cell damage to combat cancer growth using simple periodic table-based descriptors

• Joyita Roy and
• Kunal Roy

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 297–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.27

• valence potential allow for an easier formation of the electrostatic double layer (EDL). If the solution with NPs shifts to lower ionic strength, then the zeta potential increases as the EDL expands to balance the electrostatic force, thus allowing for the dispersion of NPs. The descriptor

Determining by Raman spectroscopy the average thickness and N-layer-specific surface coverages of MoS₂ thin films with domains much smaller than the laser spot size

• Felipe Wasem Klein,
• Jean-Roch Huntzinger,
• Vincent Astié,
• Damien Voiry,
• Romain Parret,
• Houssine Makhlouf,
• Sandrine Juillaguet,
• Jean-Manuel Decams,
• Sylvie Contreras,
• Périne Landois,
• Ahmed-Azmi Zahab,
• Jean-Louis Sauvajol and
• Matthieu Paillet

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 279–296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.26

• new mode, named FA′1, appears on the high-frequency side of the A1g mode. The FA′1 mode is identified as Raman scattering from moiré phonons associated with the A′1 dispersion curve of 1L-MoS2. It is folded onto the zone center and, consequently, becomes Raman active [20]. Obviously, its frequency

Vinorelbine-loaded multifunctional magnetic nanoparticles as anticancer drug delivery systems: synthesis, characterization, and in vitro release study

• Zeynep Özcan and
• Afife Binnaz Hazar Yoruç

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 256–269, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.24

• with polydopamine The synthesized Fe3O4 NPs were weighed (100 mg) and dispersed in 50 mL of Tris-HCl solution (10 mM, pH 8.5) [37]. The dispersion process was carried out using a magnetic stirrer. Dopamine hydrochloride was then added to the produced solutions at various ratios (dopamine hydrochloride

• nanoparticles [49]. Based on the findings from VSM, the nanoparticles exhibit high magnetization [49][54]. The magnetic properties of VNB/PDA/Fe3O4 NPs can be attributed to the structural arrangement of Fe3O4 within the nanoparticles. A magnetic field can enhance the dispersion of VNB/PDA/Fe3O4 NPs in an

Modification of graphene oxide and its effect on properties of natural rubber/graphene oxide nanocomposites

• Nghiem Thi Thuong,
• Le Dinh Quang,
• Vu Quoc Cuong,
• Cao Hong Ha,
• Nguyen Ba Lam and
• Seiichi Kawahara

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 168–179, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.16

• condensation reaction of VTES to form nanosilica on GO membranes, using both acidic and basic conditions to catalyze these reactions. The hybrid GO/silica fillers could enhance the interaction, dispersion, and properties of various composites. For example, GO/3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and GO/3

• ]. The experimental steps are illustrated in Figure 2. First, GO-VTES powder (0.2 g) was dispersed into 50 g of a 0.2% SDS solution followed by homogenization for 1 h to obtain a homogeneous GO-VTES dispersion. After that, approx. 200 g of DPNR (DRC 20%, SDS 0.2%) was mixed with the GO-VTES dispersion

CdSe/ZnS quantum dots as a booster in the active layer of distributed ternary organic photovoltaics

• Gabriela Lewińska,
• Piotr Jeleń,
• Zofia Kucia,
• Maciej Sitarz,
• Łukasz Walczak,
• Bartłomiej Szafraniak,
• Jerzy Sanetra and
• Konstanty W. Marszalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 144–156, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.14

• studies on CdSe/ZnS nanodots as dopants in a polymer–fullerene matrix for application in organic solar cells. An assembly of poly(3-hexylthiophene-2,5-diyl) and 6,6-phenyl-C71-butyric acid methyl ester was used as the active reference layer. Absorption and luminescence spectra as well as the dispersion

In situ optical sub-wavelength thickness control of porous anodic aluminum oxide

• Aleksandrs Dutovs,
• Raimonds Popļausks,
• Oskars Putāns,
• Vladislavs Perkanuks,
• Aušrinė Jurkevičiūtė,
• Tomas Tamulevičius,
• Uldis Malinovskis,
• Iryna Olyshevets,
• Donats Erts and
• Juris Prikulis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 126–133, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.12

• achieve precise optical characterization, one could employ spectroscopic ellipsometry (SE) with more refined division into sub-layers [26] and consider additional material properties, such as the anisotropy of PAAO [27] and the optical dispersion of the refractive index (RI) of Al2O3 [28]. However, for

Development and characterization of potential larvicidal nanoemulsions against Aedes aegypti

• Jonatas L. Duarte,
• Leonardo Delello Di Filippo,
• Anna Eliza Maciel de Faria Mota Oliveira,
• Rafael Miguel Sábio,
• Gabriel Davi Marena,
• Tais Maria Bauab,
• Cristiane Duque,
• Vincent Corbel and
• Marlus Chorilli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 104–114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.10

• constituents from oxidation, in addition to promoting better sensorial properties [13]. Moreover, the development of aqueous nanoemulsions would enable a better dispersion of vector control agents, inducing a controlled release and a possibly higher effectiveness in eliminating immature stages of mosquitoes

• concentrations (5 mg/L and 25 mg/L) compared to free cymene. This suggests that the encapsulation influences the bioactivity, potentially because of improved dispersion and controlled release of cymene. Similarly, free myrcene exhibited a concentration-dependent efficacy. Myrcene NEs consistently outperformed

• free myrcene at all concentrations, indicating a better dispersion of the nanoemulsions in aqueous media. This was most prominent at lower concentrations, resulting in mortality rates of 10.6% ± 2.3% at 5 mg/L and up to 100% at 50 mg/L (Table 5). Cytotoxicity of NEs in human keratinocytes The

New application of bimetallic Ag/Pt nanoplates in a colorimetric biosensor for specific detection of E. coli in water

• Azam Bagheri Pebdeni,
• Mohammad N. AL-Baiati and
• Morteza Hosseini

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 95–103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.9

• , and optical traits. The colorimetric method typically depends on the enzymatic properties, aggregation, and dispersion of these nanomaterials, which can be influenced by the presence of aptamers, antibodies, and other agents [4]. Among the various colorimetric test techniques, the enzymatic conversion

• -NPLs coupled with E. coli, and E. coli alone were measured (Figure 2c). The surface charges of all NPLs were negative due to dispersion agents such as sodium citrate and ascorbic acid, according to measurements of their zeta potentials. The NPLs had a negative charge of −4.4 mV before introducing the

Berberine-loaded polylactic acid nanofiber scaffold as a drug delivery system: The relationship between chemical characteristics, drug-release behavior, and antibacterial efficiency

• Le Thi Le,
• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Liem Thanh Nguyen,
• Huy Quang Tran and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 71–82, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.7

• release from the BBR/PLA and BBR NPs/PLA nanofiber scaffolds was investigated in relation to their chemical characteristics, BBR dispersion into nanofibers, and wettability. The BBR release profiles strongly influenced the antibacterial efficiency of the scaffolds over time. When the BBR was loaded, the

• improved the miscibility with the PLA, forming a uniform drug dispersion in the PLA matrix and, therefore, restricting the drug release. One of the main issues in clinical treatments is bacterial infections, which prolong treatment time or cause further complications. Among various types of nanomaterials

• fabricated by electrospinning technique. The average diameter of BBR/PLA and BBR NPs/PLA nanofibers were 351 ± 65 and 356 ± 98 nm, respectively. The chemical characteristics, BBR dispersion into the nanofibers, and fiber wettability of these scaffolds depended on the compatibility of the BBR drug and PLA

Influence of conductive carbon and MnCo₂O₄ on morphological and electrical properties of hydrogels for electrochemical energy conversion

• Sylwia Pawłowska,
• Karolina Cysewska,
• Yasamin Ziai,
• Jakub Karczewski,
• Piotr Jasiński and
• Sebastian Molin

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 57–70, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.6

• conductive component at the stage of hydrogel synthesis. Hydrogel matrices are an excellent medium for depositing metallic nanocatalysts, especially in reactions requiring aqueous media such as electrochemical processes. The dispersion of the catalyst particles in the hydrogel helps to avoid or significantly

• particles were found outside the surface of the polymer scaffold. In addition, it can be concluded that in the case of a hydrogel sample with Hgel-MCO catalyst particles (Figure 2a,d, and g), the dispersion of these particles is quite poor and MCO aggregates were visible. With the increase in the

• (Figure 2c,f, and i). The average diameter of the used commercial MnCo2O4 particles after 0.5 h in an ultrasound bath was 204.5 ± 92.9 nm [46]. Also, their arrangement seems to be much more homogeneous than that in the case of composites with a lower concentration of cCB particles. The dispersion of the

Curcumin-loaded nanostructured systems for treatment of leishmaniasis: a review

• Douglas Dourado,
• Thayse Silva Medeiros,
• Éverton do Nascimento Alencar,
• Edijane Matos Sales and
• Fábio Rocha Formiga

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 37–50, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.4

• nanostructures are great alternatives. However, the lack of in vivo studies on this matter limits their fair comparison to polymeric formulations. Overall, all assessed studies could prove that nanostructures improve curc dispersion in aqueous media (increase in apparent solubility). Altogether, we could also

Nanotechnological approaches in the treatment of schistosomiasis: an overview

• Lucas Carvalho,
• Michelle Sarcinelli and
• Beatriz Patrício

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2024, 15, 13–25, doi:10.3762/bjnano.15.2

• number of articles, unlike previous reviews. Below, we discuss the main findings of these studies. Nanosystems Polymeric nanoparticles are nanoparticles composed of polymeric materials which may be natural or synthetic [16]. They are generally produced by two strategies: the dispersion of preformed

• classic nanocarriers are not present in SLN, such as lack of biocompatibility, difficulty to produce on a large scale, and high raw material cost [36]. Many methods are used to prepare SLN, and they are divided into (1) high-energy methods, for dispersion of the lipid phase (such as high-pressure

• studied to treat schistosomiasis by using a nanotechnological approach. A method using ultracentrifugation and ultrasonic dispersion produced ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract-derived nanoparticles which an average size of 238.3 nm [64]. The author justified his choice to use this kind of nanoparticles

Fluorescent bioinspired albumin/polydopamine nanoparticles and their interactions with Escherichia coli cells

• Eloïse Equy,
• Jordana Hirtzel,
• Sophie Hellé,
• Béatrice Heurtault,
• Eric Mathieu,
• Morgane Rabineau,
• Vincent Ball and
• Lydie Ploux

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1208–1224, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.100

• ). The dispersion was changed by changing the ratio of BSA, but the reaction yield was maintained. This suggests that BSA acted as a “knife” changing the size, but not the composition, of the nanoparticles. The suspension of BSA/PDA NPs was stable over two years of storage in Tris buffer in the dark at

• ambient temperature, as shown by the good dispersion and the absence of precipitates and deposition on the container wall (Figure 3c). Good stability and dispersion were maintained after dialysis with a 100 kDa cut-off membrane, which allowed for the removal of free BSA molecules. As shown by Chassepot

• deteriorated above pH 11 with, first, a decrease in size before the NP morphology changed into nanosheets [28]. However, in the case of BSA/PDA NPs, the NPs size increased when the pH value was above 6.5. In addition, precipitation, sedimentation, or degradation of the dispersion were not observed, showing

A combined gas-phase dissociative ionization, dissociative electron attachment and deposition study on the potential FEBID precursor [Au(CH₃)₂Cl]₂

• Elif Bilgilisoy,
• Ali Kamali,
• Thomas Xaver Gentner,
• Gerd Ballmann,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Hans-Peter Steinrück,
• Hubertus Marbach and
• Oddur Ingólfsson

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1178–1199, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.98

• precursor (i.e., [Au(CH3)2Cl]2) was used to create FEBID deposits on a SiO2 substrate by using 5 keV and 0.1/0.4 nA in an HV atmosphere [33]. The composition of the structures was checked via energy dispersion X-ray (EDX) mapping and reported to be 29–41 atom % Au, 2–6 atom % Cl, and 53–68 atom % C. The SEM

Density functional theory study of Au-fcc/Ge and Au-hcp/Ge interfaces

• Olga Sikora,
• Małgorzata Sternik,
• Benedykt R. Jany,
• Franciszek Krok,
• Przemysław Piekarz and
• Andrzej M. Oleś

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1093–1105, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.90

• principles calculations of the cohesive energy and elastic constants as well as phonon dispersion relations show stability of both hcp and dhcp polytypes of gold [24]. Ab initio studies indicate higher stability of the fcc phase and a tendency towards hcp → fcc phase transformation. However, the calculated

Properties of tin oxide films grown by atomic layer deposition from tin tetraiodide and ozone

• Kristjan Kalam,
• Peeter Ritslaid,
• Tanel Käämbre,
• Aile Tamm and
• Kaupo Kukli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1085–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.89

• ZSX Version 5.55 was used to measure the elemental composition of films. A spectroscopic ellipsometer, model GES5-E, was used for the measurements of film thicknesses and refractive indices. Ellipsometric data was modelled using the Cauchy dispersion model. The crystal structure was evaluated by

• in films deposited at lower temperatures. The refractive indices of the films were stable throughout the sample series with different deposition temperatures, remaining between 2.04 and 2.06 at 633 nm wavelength for predominantly SnO2 films with little residuals. One representative dispersion curve

A visible-light photodetector based on heterojunctions between CuO nanoparticles and ZnO nanorods

• Doan Nhat Giang,
• Nhat Minh Nguyen,
• Duc Anh Ngo,
• Thanh Trang Tran,
• Le Thai Duy,
• Cong Khanh Tran,
• Thi Thanh Van Tran,
• Phan Phuong Ha La and
• Vinh Quang Dang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 1018–1027, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.84

• process of the ZnO NRs was presented in a previous paper [63]. At the beginning, ZnO NPs (5% dispersion in ethanol) were spin-coated onto cleaned glass substrates at 3000 rpm for 30 s. Then, the sample was heat-treated at 90 °C. ZnO NRs were grown by a hydrothermal method from Zn(NO3)2·6H2O and HMTA (1:1

Isolation of cubic Si₃P₄ in the form of nanocrystals

• Polina K. Nikiforova,
• Sergei S. Bubenov,
• Vadim B. Platonov,
• Andrey S. Kumskov,
• Nikolay N. Kononov,
• Tatyana A. Kuznetsova and
• Sergey G. Dorofeev

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 971–979, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.80

• vibrational frequencies) were performed with the Quantum ESPRESSO package [46][47] on a 9 × 9 × 9 Monkhorst–Pack k-point grid. The functional of choice was PBE with Grimme's DFT-D2 dispersion correction [48]; ultrasoft RRJK pseudopotentials were used [49]. Cutoff energies for plane waves were set at 60 Ry

Ni, Co, Zn, and Cu metal-organic framework-based nanomaterials for electrochemical reduction of CO₂: A review

• Ha Huu Do and
• Hai Bang Truong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 904–911, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.74

• within MOFs, thereby enhancing the CO2RR process. Besides, MOFs could be used as ideal precursors for the controlled dispersion of metal nanoparticles within organic frameworks, either through operational conditions or via the pyrolysis technique, thereby promoting efficient CO2 reduction [35][36]. The

Two-dimensional molecular networks at the solid/liquid interface and the role of alkyl chains in their building blocks

• Suyi Liu,
• Yasuo Norikane and
• Yoshihiro Kikkawa

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 872–892, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.72

• the molecular arrangement and orientation. Among the non-covalent interactions, dispersion interactions that derive from alkyl chain units are believed to be weak. However, alkyl chains play an important role in the adsorption onto substrates, as well as in the in-plane intermolecular interactions. In

• coordination, halogen bonding, and dispersion forces [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]. Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) is an important tool for the direct visualization of molecular arrangements, especially for two-dimensional (2D) networks. STM observations have been performed on atomically

• , halogen bonding, and metal coordination, are often exploited for the formation of 2D structures. However, dispersion forces originating from the alkyl chains also play an important role in the adsorption onto the substrate, as well as in the in-plane intermolecular interactions at the solid/liquid

A wearable nanoscale heart sound sensor based on P(VDF-TrFE)/ZnO/GR and its application in cardiac disease detection

• Yi Luo,
• Jian Liu,
• Jiachang Zhang,
• Yu Xiao,
• Ying Wu and
• Zhidong Zhao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 819–833, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.67

• voltage and to a reduced filament diameter. Moreover, since GR has a sheet-like structure with good electrical conductivity, adding a trace amount of GR material can further enhance the solution's conductivity and promote the dispersion of ZnO particles, resulting in finer and smoother nanofiber filaments