Liquid phase exfoliation of talc: effect of the medium on flake size and shape

• Samuel M. Sousa,
• Helane L. O. Morais,
• Joyce C. C. Santos,
• Ana Paula M. Barboza,
• Bernardo R. A. Neves,
• Elisângela S. Pinto and
• Mariana C. Prado

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 68–78, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.8

• powder was exfoliated in each liquid medium by exposure to mechanical energy provided by an ultrasonic bath (full details in the Experimental section). Talc was manually milled down to a fine powder and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Figure 1a displays the results. All peaks are assigned to

• the EMG is not; it is possible to characterize this asymmetry by calculating two shape parameters, k (asymmetry) and τ (trimness), both functions of σ and λ: An in-depth discussion of these can be found elsewhere [25][29]. Figure 4a,b displays the topological vectors constructed for each sample for k

Upper critical magnetic field in NbRe and NbReN micrometric strips

• Zahra Makhdoumi Kakhaki,
• Antonio Leo,
• Federico Chianese,
• Loredana Parlato,
• Giovanni Piero Pepe,
• Angela Nigro,
• Carla Cirillo and
• Carmine Attanasio

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2023, 14, 45–51, doi:10.3762/bjnano.14.5

• resistance at 10 K. Results and Discussion Figure 1 displays the normalized resistive transitions in zero magnetic field of the NbRe and NbReN microstrips. The critical temperature, the low-temperature resistivity, and the residual resistivity ratio (RRR) are reported for both microstrips in Table 1. The RRR

Electrical and optical enhancement of ITO/Mo bilayer thin films via laser annealing

• Abdelbaki Hacini,
• Ahmad Hadi Ali,
• Nurul Nadia Adnan and
• Nafarizal Nayan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1589–1595, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.133

• ; Introduction Transparent conducting (TC) materials have been used in many optoelectronic devices, including flat panel displays [1], light-emitting diodes [2], heat-reflecting mirrors [3], anti-reflective coatings [4], gas sensors [5], and solar cells [6]. For this purpose, many materials have been developed

• 3.21 × 1014 lines/m2. Figure 2 displays the surface morphology in 3D images of ITO/Mo for the as-deposited and annealed samples. These images were scanned over an area of 1.0 × 1.0 µm using AFM. Figure 2 shows the different morphologies for as-deposited and annealed samples using a laser for different

Photoelectrochemical water oxidation over TiO₂ nanotubes modified with MoS₂ and g-C₃N₄

• Phuong Hoang Nguyen,
• Thi Minh Cao,
• Tho Truong Nguyen,
• Hien Duy Tong and
• Viet Van Pham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1541–1550, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.127

• filter cutting at 380 nm. Results and Discussion Characterizations of materials Figure 1a displays the morphology of TNAs, which have a uniform distribution of nanotubes with average diameters ranging from 80–100 nm and a length of 500 nm (Figure 1b). The MoS2 material exhibits the stacked layers of 2D

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

A cantilever-based, ultrahigh-vacuum, low-temperature scanning probe instrument for multidimensional scanning force microscopy

• Hao Liu,
• Zuned Ahmed,
• Sasa Vranjkovic,
• Manfred Parschau,
• Andrada-Oana Mandru and
• Hans J. Hug

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1120–1140, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.95

• ]. Figure 9b displays the two different resonance curves with an enhanced (red curve) and attenuated quality factor (blue curve) measured at a lower laser power than the resonance curve displayed in Figure 9a with the quality factor further attenuated by the higher laser power down to a value of 91,000, as

• resolution requires a tip–sample gap stability that is, in the best case, better than 1 pm. A convenient method to test the gap stability is to measure the current noise while tunneling on a conducting sample. Figure 10 displays the current noise spectrum up to 1600 Hz for the tip retracted from the surface

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles toward highly efficient photocatalysis and antibacterial application

• Vo Thi Thu Nhu,
• Nguyen Duy Dat,
• Le-Minh Tam and
• Nguyen Hoang Phuong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1108–1119, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.94

• (Figure 6b). The bandgap energy of synthesized ZnO was 3.15 eV, which is close to the bandgap value of 3.2 eV of ZnO shown in a previous report [33]. The zeta potential value displays the surface charge and stability of ZnO NPs. In this study, the zeta potential of ZnO NPs was −19 mV (Figure 7

Self-assembly of C₆₀ on a ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O substrate: observation of a quasi-freestanding C₆₀ monolayer

• Guglielmo Albani,
• Michele Capra,
• Alessandro Lodesani,
• Alberto Calloni,
• Gianlorenzo Bussetti,
• Marco Finazzi,
• Franco Ciccacci,
• Alberto Brambilla,
• Lamberto Duò and
• Andrea Picone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 857–864, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.76

• the data. Figure 5a displays a typical UPS spectrum in an energy range straddling the high-binding-energy cutoff of the secondary electrons, which we exploit for the evaluation of the work function for 1 ML ZnTPP/Fe(001)–p(1 × 1)O. The 10 eV offset due to the bias applied to the system has already

Optimizing PMMA solutions to suppress contamination in the transfer of CVD graphene for batch production

• Chun-Da Liao,
• Andrea Capasso,
• Tiago Queirós,
• Telma Domingues,
• Fatima Cerqueira,
• Nicoleta Nicoara,
• Jérôme Borme,
• Paulo Freitas and
• Pedro Alpuim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 796–806, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.70

• sp2 carbon atoms [23], and its position displays a blueshift as the charge carrier concentration rises. That is, the frequency shift of the G band is proportional to |EF|, which sets the carrier concentration. Due to the method and materials employed for the graphene transfer being the same except for

Hierarchical Bi₂WO₆/TiO₂-nanotube composites derived from natural cellulose for visible-light photocatalytic treatment of pollutants

• Zehao Lin,
• Zhan Yang and
• Jianguo Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 745–762, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.66

• presence of the hierarchical TiO2 nanotubes influences and inhibits the crystallinity of Bi2WO6 in between the interface of the two phases, revealing the strong interaction between TiO2 and Bi2WO6 phases [35][36]. Figure 2b displays the FTIR spectra of the hierarchical Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposites, pure

• of 0.315 and 0.352 nm, which are attributable to the (131) plane of the russellite phase Bi2WO6 and to the (101) plane of the anatase phase TiO2, respectively [40][41]. The SAED pattern of the 70%−Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposite (Figure 4b) displays seven discernible diffraction rings which were denoted

• composite nanotube, demonstrating the effective formation of heterostructures in between Bi2WO6 and TiO2 phases in the Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposite. As shown in Supporting Information File 1, Figure S3, the XPS survey spectrum of the 70%−Bi2WO6/TiO2-NT nanocomposite only displays the signals of Ti, O, Bi

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• depend on the number of layers and the distance between the layers, which can be changed by a variation of the synthesis protocol to achieve a higher electroactive surface area and electrical conductivity. Figure 4A displays a higher oxidation/reduction peak current of Fe2+/3+ redox couple for the

Sodium doping in brookite TiO₂ enhances its photocatalytic activity

• Boxiang Zhuang,
• Honglong Shi,
• Honglei Zhang and
• Zeqian Zhang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 599–609, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.52

• kinetics. Figure 1d displays the reaction rate constant (k) of samples calcinated at 300–600 °C to be 0.0610, 0.0690, 0.0309, and 0.0259 min−1, respectively. The degradation rate constant of the samples at 300 and 400 °C was enhanced about two times in comparison to that at 500 and 600 °C. By comparison

• , the Na doping in the Ti site will destroy the local atomic arrangement of the brookite phase and produce some microstructures. Figure 6a displays a typical high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) image of the sample calcinated at 400 °C, oriented at the [121]Brookite zone axis. The

Design and characterization of polymeric microneedles containing extracts of Brazilian green propolis

• Camila Felix Vecchi,
• Rafaela Said dos Santos,
• Jéssica Bassi da Silva and
• Marcos Luciano Bruschi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 503–516, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.42

• E6 and E9 was not statistically significant. When the surface was porcine skin, the differences between E6 and E9, E3 and G6, and MNs without PRP and standard were not statistically significant (Figure S3, Supporting Information File 1). Supporting Information File 1, Figure S4 displays images of the

Ethosomal (−)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate as a novel approach to enhance antioxidant, anti-collagenase and anti-elastase effects

• Çiğdem Yücel,
• Gökçe Şeker Karatoprak,
• Sena Yalçıntaş and
• Tuğba Eren Böncü

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 491–502, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.41

• these problems and enhance their effectiveness [13][14][15]. Upon application of various topical formulations, lipophilic drugs can easily penetrate into the skin, while hydrophilic drugs, such as EGCG, are limited in terms of penetration. The skin displays selective permeability for the penetration of

A non-enzymatic electrochemical hydrogen peroxide sensor based on copper oxide nanostructures

• Irena Mihailova,
• Vjaceslavs Gerbreders,
• Marina Krasovska,
• Eriks Sledevskis,
• Valdis Mizers,
• Andrejs Bulanovs and
• Andrejs Ogurcovs

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 424–436, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.35

• displays the CV curves obtained at various pH values of buffer solution and various scanning speeds. It can be seen that the parameters pH 12.7 and v = 100 mV/s provide the result with maximum sensitivity. Figure 3e displays the electrode stability over multiple CV cycles. It can be seen that starting from

• be 6.5 cm2, that is, five times larger than the geometrical surface area of a bare electrode, which indicates the presence of a well-developed nanostructured surface. Figure 4 displays the dependence of the sensor sensitivity on the morphology of CuO nanostructures obtained after different periods of

• shows the dependence of the peak current values on the concentration of H2O2. The resulting dependence is linear over the entire concentration range. Figure 5c,d displays the DPV curves at different pH values of buffer solution and different pulse frequency. It can be seen that the parameters pH 13 and

Electrostatic pull-in application in flexible devices: A review

• Teng Cai,
• Yuming Fang,
• Yingli Fang,
• Ruozhou Li,
• Ying Yu and
• Mingyang Huang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 390–403, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.32

• more and more difficult for traditional electronic devices made of rigid substrates to meet the needs of flexible and low-cost applications in complex environments. Flexible electronics have great potential for applications such as portable displays, electronic skin, and wearable healthcare. With the

Systematic studies into uniform synthetic protein nanoparticles

• Nahal Habibi,
• Ava Mauser,
• Jeffery E. Raymond and
• Joerg Lahann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 274–283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.22

• contribution to the properties of blended SPNPs appears to be eclipsed by the more hydrophobic HSA component. MUC/HSA SPNPs DLS and SEM results for MUC/HSA SPNPs are presented in Figure 4a. After deconvolution, the nDLS spectrum of MUC/HSA SPNPs displays a minor fraction (d1 = 30 nm, α1 = 0.07) and a dominant

• and broader distribution of HSA SPNPs (d = 77 nm). Similar to the other blended SPNPs, the SEM diameter distribution is less influenced by HSA. The iSEM data of INS/HSA SPNPs (d = 83 nm) displays a deviation from the INS population (d = 49 nm), with a broader distribution more similar to that of HSA

Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction on a metallic glass

• Haoran Ma and
• Roland Bennewitz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 236–244, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.18

• ), although the inhomogeneity of dissolution is still not sufficient to induce pits on the sample surface after immersion in NaCl solution. Relationship between corrosion and nanoscale friction We will now compare the friction results in phosphate buffer and NaCl solution. Figure 5a–c displays the dependence

Measurement of polarization effects in dual-phase ceria-based oxygen permeation membranes using Kelvin probe force microscopy

• Kerstin Neuhaus,
• Christina Schmidt,
• Liudmila Fischer,
• Wilhelm Albert Meulenberg,
• Ke Ran,
• Joachim Mayer and
• Stefan Baumann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1380–1391, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.102

• , Figure 2b displays the EDX chemical mapping results with atomic resolution, indicating no chemical disorders except the slight enrichment of Sm at the edge of the CSO grain. Tilting FC2O along its [101] direction, Figure 2c shows another CSO-FC2O interface, where rock salt structures within several

Cantilever signature of tip detachment during contact resonance AFM

• Devin Kalafut,
• Ryan Wagner,
• Maria Jose Cadena,
• Anil Bajaj and
• Arvind Raman

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1286–1296, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.96

• experimental measurements in Figure 1a reveal interesting features in the dynamic behavior of the cantilever as it is driven by increasing the harmonic excitation amplitude. At the lowest drive amplitude, the response amplitude frequency sweep displays linear behavior, that is, a symmetric resonance peak over

The effect of cobalt on morphology, structure, and ORR activity of electrospun carbon fibre mats in aqueous alkaline environments

• Markus Gehring,
• Tobias Kutsch,
• Osmane Camara,
• Alexandre Merlen,
• Hermann Tempel,
• Hans Kungl and
• Rüdiger-A. Eichel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1173–1186, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.87

• Figure 9. The EOCP values increase with carbonisation temperature between 600 and 800 °C from −190 mV vs MMO to approximately 300 mV vs MMO (Figure 9a). The EOCP displays a plateau at this value at higher carbonisation temperatures. The fibres without cobalt overall display a very similar behaviour

pH-driven enhancement of anti-tubercular drug loading on iron oxide nanoparticles for drug delivery in macrophages

• Karishma Berta Cotta,
• Sarika Mehra and
• Rajdip Bandyopadhyaya

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1127–1139, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.84

• the release kinetics and saturation amounts were identical in both the pH (5 or 7.4) of the release media, irrespective of whether NOR@IONPpH5 or NOR@IONPpH10 was used (Figure 5). Free drug is observed to have rapid release profile which saturates by 4 h. NOR@IONPpH5 displays an initial burst release

First-principles study of the structural, optoelectronic and thermophysical properties of the π-SnSe for thermoelectric applications

• Muhammad Atif Sattar,
• Najwa Al Bouzieh,
• Maamar Benkraouda and
• Noureddine Amrane

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1101–1114, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.82

• α(ω) π-SnSe is zero until the photon energy is lower as compared to its energy bandgap of 1.41 eV. After this energy, the π-SnSe alloy displays a sharp increase of absorption coefficient α(ω) up to 139.6 104/cm at 6 eV. After this energy value, α(ω) starts to decrease with the increase in photon

Criteria ruling particle agglomeration

• Dieter Vollath

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1093–1100, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.81

• position of the maximum. In case of an experimental realization, one must be aware that the progress of agglomeration stops at the maximum of the entropy. After reaching this point, one observes only fluctuations. To demonstrate entropy fluctuations, Figure 4a displays the entropy S* for an ensemble of 108

• particles, while Figure 4b displays the same situation for a small ensemble consisting of 102 particles. A comparison of Figure 4a and Figure 4b demonstrated that only the absolute value of the entropy depends on the number of particles in the ensemble. However, the shape of the function of entropy versus

• distribution function and the minimum of the Lagrange function, Kätelhön et al. [18] found the results displayed in Figure 5. In this case, the distribution function was calculated pointwise. Figure 5 displays these results in two different ways. Figure 5a shows these results as published by the authors on a

Assessment of the optical and electrical properties of light-emitting diodes containing carbon-based nanostructures and plasmonic nanoparticles: a review

• Keshav Nagpal,
• Erwan Rauwel,
• Frédérique Ducroquet and
• Protima Rauwel

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1078–1092, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.80

• market. Light sources in OLED mainly consist of Alq3 and derived version of PPV polymer, whereas QD based on Cd, Zn, Se, and S are mainly used for QLED. Both technologies have many advantages over traditional inorganic LED and liquid crystal displays in terms of low power consumption, wider view angle

• caused by the quicker degradation of ETL. A similar degradation in OLED has also been observed but mainly in the HTL; the poor hole injection ability of polymers is also a cause for concern. From a commercial point of view, the present OLED displays are expensive as compared to QLED displays consisting

• of Cd-based QD. Graphene and CNT could be viable options in slowing or circumventing the degradation of HIL in OLED and QLED when combined with polymer nanocomposites. In order to enhance the color purity of the OLED-based displays, SWNT combined with an emissive polymer tend to increase the