Synthesis and characterization of quaternary La(Sr)S–TaS₂ misfit-layered nanotubes

• Marco Serra,
• Erumpukuthickal Ashokkumar Anumol,
• Dalit Stolovas,
• Iddo Pinkas,
• Ernesto Joselevich,
• Reshef Tenne,
• Andrey Enyashin and
• Francis Leonard Deepak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 1112–1124, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.111

• electron microscopy (SEM) was done by LEO model Supra 55VP SEM. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) were performed on a Titan Themis 80-300 microscope with probe and image spherical aberration (Cs) correctors, at 200 kV. Energy-dispersive X-ray

• spectroscopy (EDX) was performed using a SuperX EDX detector attached to this microscope using Bruker Esprit software. The quantification was done using the Cliff–Lorimer method. The samples for electron microscopy were prepared by dispersing the synthesized powder in ethyl alcohol, followed by ultrasonication

One-step nonhydrolytic sol–gel synthesis of mesoporous TiO₂ phosphonate hybrid materials

• Yanhui Wang,
• P. Hubert Mutin and
• Johan G. Alauzun

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 356–362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.35

• did not react with titanium tetraisopropoxide under the same conditions. All four materials are referred to as TiPx where x is the P/Ti ratio. For comparison, a TiO2 sample was prepared under the exact same conditions but without diethyl octylphosphonate. Elemental analysis by energy dispersive X-ray

• spectroscopy (EDX) of these materials showed that in all cases the measured P/Ti ratios were close to the nominal ones, indicating that all the octylphosphonate units were incorporated in the materials (Table 1). The 31P solid-state NMR spectra of the hybrid materials (Figure 1) display a very broad signal in

Study of silica-based intrinsically emitting nanoparticles produced by an excimer laser

• Imène Reghioua,
• Mattia Fanetti,
• Sylvain Girard,
• Diego Di Francesca,
• Simonpietro Agnello,
• Layla Martin-Samos,
• Marco Cannas,
• Matjaz Valant,
• Melanie Raine,
• Marc Gaillardin,
• Nicolas Richard,
• Philippe Paillet,
• Aziz Boukenter,
• Youcef Ouerdane and
• Antonino Alessi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 211–221, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.19

• homogeneity of the emission features of the samples. Similarly, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) data showed that the O, Ge and Si signals qualitatively correspond to the particle morphology, suggesting a generally uniform chemical composition of the Ge-doped samples. No significant CL signal could

• observed in the sample. To deeply investigate our sample in Figure 1c,d and e we report the energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) signals of the Si Kα1, Ge Lα1,2 and O Kα1 lines, respectively. The data have been recorded for the group of nanoparticles inside the red square named 1 in panel a. These

Uniform Sb₂S₃ optical coatings by chemical spray method

• Jako S. Eensalu,
• Atanas Katerski,
• Erki Kärber,
• Ilona Oja Acik,
• Arvo Mere and
• Malle Krunks

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 198–210, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.18

• solution at 200–210 °C. Elemental composition of as-deposited and thermally treated Sb2S3 layers The elemental composition of Sb2S3 in as-deposited and thermally treated glass/ITO/TiO2/Sb2S3 samples was determined using energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The EDX results of studied Sb2S3 layers in

• of the samples were thermally treated in dynamic vacuum (<4 × 10−6 Torr) at 170, 200 or 250 °C for 5 min. The average heating and cooling rate was ≈8 °C·min−1. Characterization The elemental composition of the films was determined by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) using a Bruker

Nanoporous water oxidation electrodes with a low loading of laser-deposited Ru/C exhibit enhanced corrosion stability

• Sandra Haschke,
• Dmitrii Pankin,
• Vladimir Mikhailovskii,
• Maïssa K. S. Barr,
• Adriana Both-Engel,
• Alina Manshina and
• Julien Bachmann

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2019, 10, 157–167, doi:10.3762/bjnano.10.15

• base pressure in the range of 10−7 mbar. The acceleration voltage was 10 to 1 keV with a beam current of 124–450 pA. Line averaging procedure was used for all images to reduce noise. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was obtained on a JEOL JSM 6400 PC implemented with a LaB6 cathode and

Femtosecond laser-assisted fabrication of chalcopyrite micro-concentrator photovoltaics

• Franziska Ringleb,
• Stefan Andree,
• Berit Heidmann,
• Jörn Bonse,
• Katharina Eylers,
• Owen Ernst,
• Torsten Boeck,
• Martina Schmid and
• Jörg Krüger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 3025–3038, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.281

• with a distance of 500 µm was chosen, which is compatible with a potential geometry for micro-concentrator solar cells. The LIFT deposits were characterized with respect to morphological and chemical homogeneity by using SEM and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). It was investigated whether

Hydrothermal-derived carbon as a stabilizing matrix for improved cycling performance of silicon-based anodes for lithium-ion full cells

• Mirco Ruttert,
• Florian Holtstiege,
• Jessica Hüsker,
• Markus Börner,
• Martin Winter and
• Tobias Placke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 2381–2395, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.223

• . Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) measurements were used to investigate the elemental composition of the composite materials using an acceleration voltage of 20 kV. The EDX signal was detected by an X-Max 80 mm2 detector and evaluated with the INCA software, both from Oxford Instruments. Cross

Synthesis of rare-earth metal and rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles in ionic liquids and propylene carbonate

• Marvin Siebels,
• Lukas Mai,
• Laura Schmolke,
• Kai Schütte,
• Juri Barthel,
• Junpei Yue,
• Jörg Thomas,
• Bernd M. Smarsly,
• Anjana Devi,
• Roland A. Fischer and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1881–1894, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.180

• diameters of (1.5 ± 0.5) to (5 ± 1) nm. The characterization was completed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Keywords: ionic liquids; metal amidinates; rare-earth metal-fluoride nanoparticles; rare-earth metal nanoparticles; soft wet-chemical synthesis; Introduction Rare-earth (RE) elements

• -NPs (Figure 2) were assigned by selected area electron diffraction (SAED). The characterization was completed by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX, in combination with TEM) for the qualitative element composition. EDX spectroscopy (Figure 3 and Figures S5b, S6c, Supporting Information File 1

Nitrogen-doped carbon nanotubes coated with zinc oxide nanoparticles as sulfur encapsulator for high-performance lithium/sulfur batteries

• Yan Zhao,
• Zhengjun Liu,
• Liancheng Sun,
• Yongguang Zhang,
• Yuting Feng,
• Xin Wang,
• Indira Kurmanbayeva and
• Zhumabay Bakenov

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1677–1685, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.159

• 10 nm (Figure 3c), which is consistent with the results of our previous research [13]. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) also confirms the presence and even distribution of C, Zn, O and N in ZnO@NCNT (Figure 3d–g). The crystal lattice fringes with a d-spacing of 0.26 and 0.25 nm were

Correlative electrochemical strain and scanning electron microscopy for local characterization of the solid state electrolyte Li_1.3Al_0.3Ti_1.7(PO₄)₃

• Nino Schön,
• Deniz Cihan Gunduz,
• Shicheng Yu,
• Hermann Tempel,
• Roland Schierholz and
• Florian Hausen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1564–1572, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.148

• work, we employ multiple microscopy techniques to gain local chemical and structural information paired with local insights into the Li-ion conductivity based on electrochemical strain microscopy (ESM). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) have been applied

• combine the strengths of two microscopy techniques: SEM in combination with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and ESM as an AFM-based technique. Both techniques are consecutively employed at identical regions of interest on LATP samples. Hence, chemical information, as detected by EDX, and

Ag₂WO₄ nanorods decorated with AgI nanoparticles: Novel and efficient visible-light-driven photocatalysts for the degradation of water pollutants

• Shijie Li,
• Shiwei Hu,
• Wei Jiang,
• Yanping Liu,
• Yu Liu,
• Yingtang Zhou,
• Liuye Mo and
• Jianshe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1308–1316, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.123

• Ag2WO4 can be distinguished, which is in accordance with the previous reports [40]. In addition, the composition of 0.3AgI/Ag2WO4 was further identified by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). As shown in Figure 3, 0.3AgI/Ag2WO4 is composed of Ag, I, W and O elements. The results further confirm

A novel copper precursor for electron beam induced deposition

• Caspar Haverkamp,
• George Sarau,
• Mikhail N. Polyakov,
• Ivo Utke,
• Marcos V. Puydinger dos Santos,
• Silke Christiansen and
• Katja Höflich

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1220–1227, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.113

• in our case the deposition rate was precursor-limited. In Figure 1c the spectra energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) on the pristine precursor, on the deposits, and on pure copper for reference are shown. The determination of the composition of the precursor was challenging since the precursor

Magnetic characterization of cobalt nanowires and square nanorings fabricated by focused electron beam induced deposition

• Federico Venturi,
• Gian Carlo Gazzadi,
• Amir H. Tavabi,
• Alberto Rota,
• Rafal E. Dunin-Borkowski and
• Stefano Frabboni

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 1040–1049, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.97

• secondary electron generation by the primary beam interacting with the Si substrate, which is thicker and denser than the C substrate. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) provided measured compositions that depended on the substrate and deposition energy. A spectrum recorded from the bare substrate

Towards the third dimension in direct electron beam writing of silver

• Katja Höflich,
• Jakub Mateusz Jurczyk,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Maximilian Götz,
• Luisa Berger,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
• Caspar Haverkamp,
• Iwona Szymanska and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 842–849, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.78

• whole deposition series. High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) imaging and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was performed using a Hitachi S 4800 equipped with an EDAX silicon drift detector (SSD). EDX data acquisition was performed for acceleration voltages of 8 and 12 kV using a

Cyclodextrin-assisted synthesis of tailored mesoporous silica nanoparticles

• Fuat Topuz and
• Tamer Uyar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 693–703, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.64

• . 100 particles from SEM images using ImageJ software (NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA). Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) was used to determine the elemental composition of the MSN samples at 30 kV and 4.5 mA. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM, FEI Tecnai G2F30) analysis was performed on the

Optimisation of purification techniques for the preparation of large-volume aqueous solar nanoparticle inks for organic photovoltaics

• Furqan Almyahi,
• Thomas R. Andersen,
• Nathan A. Cooling,
• Natalie P. Holmes,
• Matthew J. Griffith,
• Krishna Feron,
• Xiaojing Zhou,
• Warwick J. Belcher and
• Paul C. Dastoor

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 649–659, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.60

• accelerating voltage of 2 kV and magnification ranges of 10,000–100,000×), with concurrent energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) measurements. For SEM, NP films were coated on conductive silicon substrates by spin coating, where 2.5 µL of NP ink was diluted in 12.5 µL of water and spun at 3000 rpm speed

BN/Ag hybrid nanomaterials with petal-like surfaces as catalysts and antibacterial agents

• Konstantin L. Firestein,
• Denis V. Leybo,
• Alexander E. Steinman,
• Andrey M. Kovalskii,
• Andrei T. Matveev,
• Anton M. Manakhov,
• Irina V. Sukhorukova,
• Pavel V. Slukin,
• Nadezda K. Fursova,
• Sergey G. Ignatov,
• Dmitri V. Golberg and
• Dmitry V. Shtansky

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 250–261, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.27

• means of high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), high-angular dark field scanning TEM (HADF-STEM) imaging and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) mapping using a JEM-2100 microscope (JEOL) equipped with an energy-dispersive X-ray spectrometer (Oxford Instruments) and a STEM

Gas-assisted silver deposition with a focused electron beam

• Luisa Berger,
• Katarzyna Madajska,
• Iwona B. Szymanska,
• Katja Höflich,
• Mikhail N. Polyakov,
• Jakub Jurczyk,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 224–232, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.24

• diameter was chosen. For precise positioning, the GIS was fixed inside the chamber on a three-axis stage. The GIS was positioned at 200 µm lateral distance to the deposit and approximately 2 mm above the substrate. High resolution scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX

Comparative study of post-growth annealing of Cu(hfac)₂, Co₂(CO)₈ and Me₂Au(acac) metal precursors deposited by FEBID

• Marcos V. Puydinger dos Santos,
• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Artur Rydosz,
• Carlos Guerra-Nuñez,
• Fanny Béron,
• Kleber R. Pirota,
• Stanislav Moshkalev,
• José Alexandre Diniz and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 91–101, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.11

• pure Au agglomerates inside and on top of the carbonaceous matrix. Chemical characterisation EDX analysis The atomic percentages of the constituent elements of the Co–C–O, Cu–C–F–O and Au–C–O FEBID materials were determined using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), performed using a Hitachi S

The rational design of a Au(I) precursor for focused electron beam induced deposition

• Ali Marashdeh,
• Thiadrik Tiesma,
• Niels J. C. van Velzen,
• Sjoerd Harder,
• Remco W. A. Havenith,
• Jeff T. M. De Hosson and
• Willem F. van Dorp

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2753–2765, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.274

• EDAX detector for energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). The samples were inserted free of oxygen and water. The composition and morphology were characterized directly after inserting, and after 12 h in high vacuum. X-ray diffraction High-quality single crystals of MeAuPMe3 were grown by

Enhanced photoelectrochemical water splitting performance using morphology-controlled BiVO₄ with W doping

• Xin Zhao and
• Zhong Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2640–2647, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.264

• °. Elemental analysis was conducted by energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) equipped on a field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM, JEOL JSM-7600F). Light absorption was measured using a UV–visible spectrophotometer by measuring the reflectance and transmittance with an integrating sphere

Localized growth of carbon nanotubes via lithographic fabrication of metallic deposits

• Fan Tu,
• Martin Drost,
• Imre Szenti,
• Janos Kiss,
• Zoltan Kónya and
• Hubertus Marbach

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2592–2605, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.260

• ) CNT growth after a CVD experiment at 1133 K. (c) CNT growth after the CVD experiment at 1073 K. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) spectra were recorded at the indicated positions (1, 2 and 3) in (b) and details can be found in Supporting Information File 1. Lifted-up carbon nanotube (CNT

• ) forest structures produced on various Fe nanostructures. (a), (b) and (c) Bending forests grown on EBID Fe nanostructures with different shapes. (d) SEM micrographs at high magnification at the position indicated in (c). (e) Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) spectrum at the position by the blue

Synthesis of metal-fluoride nanoparticles supported on thermally reduced graphite oxide

• Alexa Schmitz,
• Kai Schütte,
• Vesko Ilievski,
• Juri Barthel,
• Laura Burk,
• Rolf Mülhaupt,
• Junpei Yue,
• Bernd Smarsly and
• Christoph Janiak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2474–2483, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.247

• identified by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) to be MF2 for M = Fe, Co and MF3 for M = Eu, Pr. The diameters and size distributions of MFx@TRGO were from (6 ± 2) to (102 ± 41) nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used for further characterization of

Near-infrared-responsive, superparamagnetic Au@Co nanochains

• Varadee Vittur,
• Arati G. Kolhatkar,
• Shreya Shah,
• Irene Rusakova,
• Dmitri Litvinov and
• T. Randall Lee

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1680–1687, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.168

• electron diffraction (SAED) shown in the inset is also consistent with a single-phase fcc structure [36]. The chemical composition of the bimetallic nanochains was evaluated by energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Figure 4 shows the EDX spectrum with peaks

Group-13 and group-15 doping of germanane

• Nicholas D. Cultrara,
• Maxx Q. Arguilla,
• Shishi Jiang,
• Chuanchuan Sun,
• Michael R. Scudder,
• R. Dominic Ross and
• Joshua E. Goldberger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1642–1648, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.164

• % in GeH indicating that this is the maximum amount of As that can be substituted in CaGe2. The lack of any other distinguishing phase in the XRD suggests that Ga and As are part of the germanane lattice. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) provided