Cyclodextrin inhibits zinc corrosion by destabilizing point defect formation in the oxide layer

• Abdulrahman Altin,
• Maciej Krzywiecki,
• Adnan Sarfraz,
• Cigdem Toparli,
• Claudius Laska,
• Philipp Kerger,
• Aleksandar Zeradjanin,
• Karl J. J. Mayrhofer,
• Michael Rohwerder and
• Andreas Erbe

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 936–944, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.86

• likely that β-CD accepts the charge via the hydroxy groups. The charge dislocation explains the observed energy level shift in photoemission experiments, closely resembling band bending. From the derived band diagram, charge dislocation could also take place via holes. Due the lower mobility of holes

Ultralight super-hydrophobic carbon aerogels based on cellulose nanofibers/poly(vinyl alcohol)/graphene oxide (CNFs/PVA/GO) for highly effective oil–water separation

• Zhaoyang Xu,
• Huan Zhou,
• Sicong Tan,
• Xiangdong Jiang,
• Weibing Wu,
• Jiangtao Shi and
• Peng Chen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 508–519, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.49

• of hydroxy groups), 2893 cm−1 (C–H stretching), 1640 cm−1 (H–O–H bending of the absorbed water), 1431 cm−1 (–CH2 bending), 1369 cm−1 (O–H bending) and 1029 cm−1 (C–O–C stretching vibrations) [27]. In Figure 3b, pure PVA showed peaks at 3280 cm−1 (O–H stretching vibration of hydroxy group), 2914 cm−1

• several peaks including C=C (≈284.5 eV), C–C (≈286.8 eV), C=O (≈287.8 eV), and O–C=O (≈289.1 eV) [34][35]. Compared with GO, the peak intensities of C=O, C–O and O–C=O peaks of rGO showed an obvious decrease caused by the ring-opening of epoxide groups and nucleophilic substitution on the hydroxy groups

• . After the carbonization treatment, the oxygen-containing functional groups in GO were deoxygenated along with the restoration of conjugated structures. Besides, the hydroxy groups on the GO were expected to be significantly eliminated during the thermal decomposition, as was confirmed by the FTIR

Colloidal solution of silver nanoparticles for label-free colorimetric sensing of ammonia in aqueous solutions

• Alessandro Buccolieri,
• Antonio Serra,
• Gabriele Giancane and
• Daniela Manno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 499–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.48

• other hand, the presence of glucose acting as reducing agent promotes the synthesis of silver nanoparticles [25]. The addition of ammonia can change the kinetics of the synthesis of silver nanoparticles improving oxidation of hydroxy groups in glucose, and giving rise to an accelerated reduction of

• the synthesis of silver nanoparticles improving oxidation of hydroxy groups in glucose, and giving rise to an accelerated reduction of silver in the fluid. The rationale of this behaviour is given by correlating the formation of nanoparticles to the content of silver ions in the solution. The

• concentration of silver ions is constant for all syntheses carried out in the present work. Initially, at low concentrations of ammonia, the oxidation of hydroxy groups facilitates the rate of nucleation of silver nanoparticles. Then a high rate of nucleation of silver nanoparticles was observed in the NH3

Influence of the preparation method on the photocatalytic activity of Nd-modified TiO₂

• Patrycja Parnicka,
• Paweł Mazierski,
• Tomasz Grzyb,
• Wojciech Lisowski,
• Ewa Kowalska,
• Bunsho Ohtani,
• Adriana Zaleska-Medynska and
• Joanna Nadolna

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 447–459, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.43

• photocatalyst for the degradation of phenol and toluene under visible light. XPS analysis revealed that the photocatalyst prepared via HT method contains a three-times higher amount of hydroxy groups at the surface layer and a two-times higher amount of surface defects than that obtained by the SHT method. The

• activity is strictly affected by physical properties such as crystalline structure and size, specific surface area, and the density of surface hydroxy groups [7]. The impact of the synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) on properties and morphology is important for understanding, creating and improving

• indicates the higher amount of hydroxy groups on the surface of the Nd-TiO2 sample prepared via the HT method. The presence of the Ti–Osurf species can initiate the formation of Ti–O–Nd bonds. In addition, the Ti3+ fraction in the surface region of the 0.25% Nd-TiO2(HT) sample is significantly larger than

Facile synthesis of ZnFe₂O₄ photocatalysts for decolourization of organic dyes under solar irradiation

• Arjun Behera,
• Debasmita Kandi,
• Sanjit Manohar Majhi,
• Satyabadi Martha and
• Kulamani Parida

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2018, 9, 436–446, doi:10.3762/bjnano.9.42

• in the region of 1650–1550 cm−1 (red lines) represent the stretching vibration and deformation vibration of surface-adsorbed hydroxy groups. The peak centred at 2350 cm−1 is characteristic for anti-symmetrical stretching mode of dissolved carbon dioxide [32]. The stretching band in the region of 590

Fabrication of CeO₂–MO_x (M = Cu, Co, Ni) composite yolk–shell nanospheres with enhanced catalytic properties for CO oxidation

• Ling Liu,
• Jingjing Shi,
• Hongxia Cao,
• Ruiyu Wang and
• Ziwu Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2425–2437, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.241

• adsorptive oxygen species, such as low-coordinated oxygen atoms, chemisorbed oxygen, or hydroxy groups [12]. It is well-accepted that Oβ species are more active than Oα species due to their higher mobility. With the stronger Oβ peak, the CeO2–MOx samples are expected to be richer in surface-active oxygen and

A comparative study of the nanoscale and macroscale tribological attributes of alumina and stainless steel surfaces immersed in aqueous suspensions of positively or negatively charged nanodiamonds

• Colin K. Curtis,
• Antonin Marek,
• Alex I. Smirnov and
• Jacqueline Krim

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 2045–2059, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.205

• surface hydroxy groups determine electrostatic properties of the surface that, in turn, affect interactions of charged nanoparticles (NDs in this study) with the QCM alumina electrode. In the past Cuddy et al. employed contact angle titration to determine Isoelectric points (IEPs) for five common (QCM

Bi-layer sandwich film for antibacterial catheters

• Gerhard Franz,
• Florian Schamberger,
• Hamideh Heidari Zare,
• Sara Felicitas Bröskamp and
• Dieter Jocham

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1982–2001, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.199

• nature of the surface is switched from hydrophobic to hydrophilic through the generation of carboxy and hydroxy groups at the surface [36]. The silver deposition itself was carried out by applying a pneumatic apparatus. The capillary was attached to a small peristaltic pump that draws a mixture of an Ag

Enhancement of mechanical and electrical properties of continuous-fiber-reinforced epoxy composites with stacked graphene

• Naum Naveh,
• Olga Shepelev and
• Samuel Kenig

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1909–1918, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.191

• distance of 0.336 nm was measured. Nevertheless, numerous multi-pores ranging from 2 to 10 nm were also detected. The acid and hydroxy groups on the multi-pore walls promote the interaction of EG with organic compounds, more specifically, with monomers before curing and with polymer segments after curing

Fully scalable one-pot method for the production of phosphonic graphene derivatives

• Kamila Żelechowska,
• Marta Prześniak-Welenc,
• Marcin Łapiński,
• Izabela Kondratowicz and
• Tadeusz Miruszewski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 1094–1103, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.111

• hydroxy groups are present on the basal planes of GO, whereas at their edges carboxyl groups are dominant [1][2][3]. As stated above, GO platelets have chemically reactive oxygen groups, among which carboxylic groups are considered to be the most active ones. The activation of the –COOH group is usually

Silicon microgrooves for contact guidance of human aortic endothelial cells

• Sara Fernández-Castillejo,
• Pilar Formentín,
• Úrsula Catalán,
• Josep Pallarès,
• Lluís F. Marsal and
• Rosa Solà

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 675–681, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.72

• samples were treated in KOH (0.1 M) for 3 min and HNO3 (0.1 M) for 10 min to increase the density of surface hydroxy groups [39]. For collagen treatment of the substrates, the surface was chemically modified following the APTES–GTA–collagen sequence. In brief, oxidized samples were hydroxylated and

Association of aescin with β- and γ-cyclodextrins studied by DFT calculations and spectroscopic methods

• Ana I. Ramos,
• Pedro D. Vaz,
• Susana S. Braga and
• Artur M. S. Silva

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 348–357, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.37

• with six (α-CD), seven (β-CD) and eight (γ-CD) units of α-D-glucose, which occur in nature from bacterial degradation of starch [13]. Their particular shape – a truncated cone with a hydrophobic cavity and a large number of hydroxy groups at the rims – enables them to include a variety of hydrophobic

Functionalized TiO₂ nanoparticles by single-step hydrothermal synthesis: the role of the silane coupling agents

• Antoine R. M. Dalod,
• Lars Henriksen,
• Tor Grande and
• Mari-Ann Einarsrud

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 304–312, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.33

• -functionalized TiO2 nanoparticles are presented in Figure 5a. In case of pure TiO2, a significant mass loss assigned to hydroxy groups was observed until 400 °C. For the in situ surface-functionalized samples, the mass loss (at 230–460 °C) was assigned to the combustion of the organic part of the silane. The

Nanocrystalline ZrO₂ and Pt-doped ZrO₂ catalysts for low-temperature CO oxidation

• Amit Singhania and
• Shipra Mital Gupta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 264–271, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.29

• %)-ZrO2 are shown in Figure 7. Peaks at 3446 and 1628 cm−1 corresponding to the ν(O–H) and δ(OH) vibrations of H2O can be seen. In general, residual water and hydroxy groups are found in the materials regardless of the used preparation method [37]. The FTIR spectra of both samples show bands between 500

Ordering of Zn-centered porphyrin and phthalocyanine on TiO₂(011): STM studies

• Piotr Olszowski,
• Lukasz Zajac,
• Szymon Godlewski,
• Bartosz Such,
• Rémy Pawlak,
• Antoine Hinaut,
• Res Jöhr,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Ernst Meyer and
• Marek Szymonski

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 99–107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.11

• the hydroxy groups on the titania surface. However, it was shown that the two equivalent N–H–Obr bonds are formed in the most favored configuration for the porphyrin molecules on TiO2(110) [28]. Formation and ordering of ZnPc/ZnTPP heterostructures In our recent work on CuPc molecule overlayers on

• the STM image but not incorporated in the model) correspond to hydroxy groups [11][16]. The CuPc and ZnPc molecules were provided by Sigma-Aldrich, whereas ZnTPP by TriPorTech and was thermally evaporated from the Knudsen effusion cells with the rate calibrated at approximately 1 ML/h. The structural

• surface hydroxy groups. (b) Top, (c) cross-section and perspective views of the surface layer “ball model” following the interpretation of the STM image proposed by Woolcot et al. [32]. Light red, red, and dark red circles indicate O; gray small dots indicate Ti atoms. Chemical structure of the molecules

Structural and tribometric characterization of biomimetically inspired synthetic "insect adhesives"

• Matthias W. Speidel,
• Malte Kleemeier,
• Andreas Hartwig,
• Klaus Rischka,
• Angelika Ellermann,
• Rolf Daniels and
• Oliver Betz

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2017, 8, 45–63, doi:10.3762/bjnano.8.6

• carbohydrate equivalent because of its numerous hydroxy groups. In our preparations, the gelatin was plasticized by the addition of glycerine. Our second generation of synthetic "insect adhesives" (containing less viscous components) consisted of the n-alkane octacosane (C28) and the hexamethyl-alkane squalane

Straightforward and robust synthesis of monodisperse surface-functionalized gold nanoclusters

• Silvia Varela-Aramburu,
• Richard Wirth,
• Chian-Hui Lai,
• Guillermo Orts-Gil and
• Peter H. Seeberger

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1278–1283, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.118

• oxidation of hydroxy groups of the carbohydrate as the precursor 1-thio-glucose contains no carbonyl group. The carboxylic acid in the stabilizing agent was confirmed by the XPS O–C=O signal and IR bands at 3270, 1732 and 1014 cm−1 (Figure S9, Supporting Information File 1). To confirm the XPS and IR

Facile synthesis of water-soluble carbon nano-onions under alkaline conditions

• Gaber Hashem Gaber Ahmed,
• Rosana Badía Laíño,
• Josefa Angela García Calzón and
• Marta Elena Díaz García

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 758–766, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.67

• hydroxy groups) by carbonization in basic media. The FTIR spectra of the C-NPs obtained when carrots and tree leaves were carbonized in a NaOH 30% (w/v) media are shown in comparison (Figure S3, Supporting Information File 1). As can be observed, the functional groups of all nanoparticles seemed to be the

Synthesis and applications of carbon nanomaterials for energy generation and storage

• Marco Notarianni,
• Jinzhang Liu,
• Kristy Vernon and
• Nunzio Motta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 149–196, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.17

Nanofibers for drug delivery – incorporation and release of model molecules, influence of molecular weight and polymer structure

• Jakub Hrib,
• Jakub Sirc,
• Radka Hobzova,
• Zuzana Hampejsova,
• Zuzana Bosakova,
• Marcela Munzarova and
• Jiri Michalek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1939–1945, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.198

• PVA with water molecules during immersion – the PVA molecular structure contains hydroxy groups, which interact with water molecules at the expense of the interaction with PEG molecules, which are consequently released faster. The lower polarity of PCL and PLA and therefore weaker interaction with

• derivatization agent phenyl isocyanate was added. Dibutyltin dilaurate (500 ppm) was used to increase the reaction rate between phenyl isocyanate and the hydroxy groups and to ensure the double derivatization of PEGs. The reaction solution was stirred for 7 h. The reaction yield was 89.5%. Preparation of

Transformations of PTCDA structures on rutile TiO₂ induced by thermal annealing and intermolecular forces

• Szymon Godlewski,
• Jakub S. Prauzner-Bechcicki,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Ernst Meyer and
• Marek Szymoński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1498–1507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.155

• located in between. The overall STM appearance is much different from the surface topography. Additional bright spots recorded within dark oxygen rows are attributed to oxygen vacancies (fainter spots) or single and double surface hydroxy groups (brighter spots). The oxygen vacancies are created during

• the preparation procedure, leading to a slight reduction of the sample and decreasing the intrinsic band gap from approximately 3.0 eV to 1.5–2.5 eV. Hydroxy groups are created as a result of atomic hydrogen adsorption and dissociative adsorption of water at oxygen vacancies. The surface is very

• sensitive to the presence of water among residual gases and therefore the maintenance of the high vacuum level during sample preparation plays a crucial role. The adopted experimental procedure enables us to obtain clean surfaces with several oxygen vacancies and some hydroxy groups after final annealing

PLGA nanoparticles as a platform for vitamin D-based cancer therapy

• Maria J. Ramalho,
• Joana A. Loureiro,
• Bárbara Gomes,
• Manuela F. Frasco,
• Manuel A. N. Coelho and
• M. Carmo Pereira

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1306–1318, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.135

• (Figure 1, white arrow) [29]. Both forms of vitamin D3 were used for the formulation of the nanocarrier system and variations in the encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity were noticed. The observed differences may be based on their chemical structure, since calcitriol has two extra hydroxy groups

Self-assembled anchor layers/polysaccharide coatings on titanium surfaces: a study of functionalization and stability

• Ognen Pop-Georgievski,
• Dana Kubies,
• Josef Zemek,
• Neda Neykova,
• Roman Demianchuk,
• Eliška Mázl Chánová,
• Miroslav Šlouf,
• Milan Houska and
• František Rypáček

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 617–631, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.63

• wettability of the surface, yielding enhanced osteoblast differentiation [19]. The success of these modifications is highly dependent on the chemical state, reactivity and surface concentration of the hydroxy groups, as well as the presence of contaminants [12]. Therefore, one of the main objectives of this

• XPS spectra of the studied titanium surfaces. The O 1s envelope could be resolved into surface oxide contributions at 530.3 ± 0.1 eV, 531.5 ± 0.1 eV and 533.0 ± 0.3 eV arising from titanium oxides (TiO2 and Ti2O3), Al2O3 and SiO2, respectively. The presence of hydroxy groups on the surface was

• change in the ratio between surface hydroxy and oxide from 0.04 for the untreated titanium surfaces to values in the range 0.1–0.2 for the activated ones. The careful analysis of the obtained high resolution O 1s spectra enabled the estimation of the concentration of hydroxy groups on the titanium

Tm-doped TiO₂ and Tm₂Ti₂O₇ pyrochlore nanoparticles: enhancing the photocatalytic activity of rutile with a pyrochlore phase

• Desiré M. De los Santos,
• Javier Navas,
• Teresa Aguilar,
• Antonio Sánchez-Coronilla,
• Concha Fernández-Lorenzo,
• Rodrigo Alcántara,
• Jose Carlos Piñero,
• Ginesa Blanco and
• Joaquín Martín-Calleja

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 605–616, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.62

• electrons and holes react with oxygen, water or hydroxy groups to produce highly reducing or oxidizing species that are capable of degrading different organic and inorganic compounds [4]. For this reason, there have been many studies on the synthesis of TiO2 regarding the control of its physical and

• for the 5.8 atom % Tm-doped TiO2 sample annealed at 973 K, which is considered as representative of the spectra obtained. The most intense contribution appeared around 529.8 eV and is assigned to O2− in the TiO2 lattice. The other contributions are assigned to adsorbed species, such as hydroxy groups

• demonstrates how the amount of O in the adsorbed species increases with the Tm concentration. This is due to the increase in oxygen vacancies produced, and thus in the number of adsorption centers available. The adsorption of hydroxy groups onto the surface is of interest in photocatalytic applications

Synergic combination of the sol–gel method with dip coating for plasmonic devices

• Cristiana Figus,
• Maddalena Patrini,
• Francesco Floris,
• Lucia Fornasari,
• Paola Pellacani,
• Gerardo Marchesini,
• Andrea Valsesia,
• Flavia Artizzu,
• Daniela Marongiu,
• Michele Saba,
• Franco Marabelli,
• Andrea Mura,
• Giovanni Bongiovanni and
• Francesco Quochi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 500–507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.52

• measurements. As shown in Figure 2, these results highlight that the films are hydrophilic with a contact angle of 65°. This value is independent of the film thickness, but decreases with ethanol dilution up to 34° (inset of Figure 2). This suggests a correlation between the distribution of hydroxy groups