Bacteriorhodopsin–ZnO hybrid as a potential sensing element for low-temperature detection of ethanol vapour

• Saurav Kumar,
• Sudeshna Bagchi,
• Senthil Prasad,
• Anupma Sharma,
• Ritesh Kumar,
• Rishemjit Kaur,
• Jagvir Singh and
• Amol P. Bhondekar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 501–510, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.44

• inorganic materials in order to overcome the intrinsic limitations of ZnO (i.e., poor selectivity and high working temperature) [31][32][33]. Metal/metal oxide–bR hybrids were previously reported for bio-optoelectronic and solar cell applications [7][20]. However, a hybrid structure employing ZnO and bR

Hydration of magnesia cubes: a helium ion microscopy study

• Ruth Schwaiger,
• Johannes Schneider,
• Gilles R. Bourret and
• Oliver Diwald

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 302–309, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.28

• thin solids such as lamellar hydroxides or hydroxide shells on top of the metal oxide cubic particles [21]. Because of its high resolution and surface sensitivity, HIM is particularly interesting for the characterization of reactive nanomaterials such as MgO, for which the unintended contact to

• , and environmental conditions that are experienced by particles in the different studies. This study describes the stability and transformation behavior of cubic metal oxide structures after their exposure to water in gaseous and liquid form. The influence of contact with water on the stability of

• morphologically well-defined MgO particle systems was investigated. We observed unexpected transformations ranging from swelling of the metal oxide nanostructure core to dissolution–recrystallization steps that give rise to the formation of hydroxides with entirely different microstructures [21]. Experimental All

Evaluation of gas-sensing properties of ZnO nanostructures electrochemically doped with Au nanophases

• Elena Dilonardo,
• Michele Penza,
• Marco Alvisi,
• Cinzia Di Franco,
• Francesco Palmisano,
• Luisa Torsi and
• Nicola Cioffi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 22–31, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.3

• . In this context, chemical gas sensors have a deep impact on human security, medical prevention and diagnosis, monitoring and detection of polluting and toxic substances [1]. Specifically, nowadays metal oxide semiconductors (MOS), such as WO3, SnO2, In2O3 and TiO2 [2], have been largely used as

Sonochemical co-deposition of antibacterial nanoparticles and dyes on textiles

• Ilana Perelshtein,
• Anat Lipovsky,
• Nina Perkas,
• Tzanko Tzanov and
• Aharon Gedanken

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2016, 7, 1–8, doi:10.3762/bjnano.7.1

• wide range of applications. Here, we report for the first time on the simultaneous sonochemical dyeing and coating of textiles with antibacterial metal oxide (MO) nanoparticles. In this one-step process the antibacterial nanoparticles are synthesized in situ and deposited together with dye

• antibacterial properties. The color fastness was evaluated by immersing the coated/dyed cotton in water and monitoring the absorbance of the colored fabric. Two major issues were solved in this research: i) the antibacterial activity of the metal oxide (MO) NPs was maintained while deposited simultaneously with

• the dye, ii) a stable sonochemical coloration of cotton fabric was achieved in spite of the rich literature on the use of ultrasonic waves for bleaching color from textiles [21][22][23][24]. Experimental Water-based synthesis of metal oxide (MO) NPs and their simultaneous coating with a dye on cotton

Large area scanning probe microscope in ultra-high vacuum demonstrated for electrostatic force measurements on high-voltage devices

• Urs Gysin,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Thomas Schmölzer,
• Adolf Schöner,
• Sergey Reshanov,
• Holger Bartolf and
• Ernst Meyer

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2485–2497, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.258

• . The grain seems to be covered by a residual layer partly smearing out the CPD contrast. The PtIr-coated tip is most probably contaminated by a metal oxide cluster (CuO or CrO) due to slight tip–sample contacts before the measurements, such that the work function is around Φtip = 5 eV [40]. Also in

Blue and white light emission from zinc oxide nanoforests

• Nafisa Noor,
• Luca Lucera,
• Thomas Capuano,
• Venkata Manthina,
• Alexander G. Agrios,
• Helena Silva and
• Ali Gokirmak

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2463–2469, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.255

• nanostructures [2], nanoscale electronic devices and large area electronics has led to significant research efforts in metal-oxide semiconductors such as ZnO. ZnO is a common, low-cost, antibacterial [3] material that forms various nanostructures depending on the process conditions. It is a direct and wide band

Green and energy-efficient methods for the production of metallic nanoparticles

• Mitra Naghdi,
• Mehrdad Taheran,
• Satinder K. Brar,
• M. Verma,
• R. Y. Surampalli and
• J. R. Valero

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2354–2376, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.243

Electrochemical coating of dental implants with anodic porous titania for enhanced osteointegration

• Amirreza Shayganpour,
• Alberto Rebaudi,
• Pierpaolo Cortella,
• Alberto Diaspro and
• Marco Salerno

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2183–2192, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.224

• , traces of additional chemical elements are present, such as carbon, ascribed to organic contamination during packaging, and, to a lower extent, oxygen, ascribed to native metal oxide on the surface. Contamination of rhodium also appears at very low levels (estimated ≈0.8 at %), which was the same for

Selective porous gates made from colloidal silica nanoparticles

• Roberto Nisticò,
• Paola Avetta,
• Paola Calza,
• Debora Fabbri,
• Giuliana Magnacca and
• Dominique Scalarone

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2105–2112, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.215

• were prepared by spin-coating deposition of colloidal silica nanoparticles on an appropriate macroporous substrate. Silica nanoparticles very homogenous in size were obtained by sol–gel reaction of a metal oxide silica precursor, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS), and using polystyrene-block-poly

Distribution of Pd clusters on ultrathin, epitaxial TiO_x films on Pt₃Ti(111)

• Christian Breinlich,
• Maria Buchholz,
• Marco Moors,
• Tobias Pertram,
• Conrad Becker and
• Klaus Wandelt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 2007–2014, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.204

• spillover to the metal particles [1][2]. Thus, the investigation of the properties of supported metal clusters and the influence of the metal-oxide interfaces are of great interest. In particular, titanium oxides are often correlated with the so-called strong metal support interaction (SMSI) effect, which

• describes the influence of a transition metal oxide support on noble metal clusters yielding novel catalytic properties [1][2][3][4][5][6][7]. In order to understand this effect, well-defined model systems are needed. “Well-defined” refers to both the clusters and the supporting substrate, as exemplified in

An ISA-TAB-Nano based data collection framework to support data-driven modelling of nanotoxicology

• Richard L. Marchese Robinson,
• Mark T. D. Cronin,
• Andrea-Nicole Richarz and
• Robert Rallo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1978–1999, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.202

• : cytotoxicity (“a_InvID_cytotoxicity.cell-viability_Method.xls”, “a_InvID_cytotoxicity.sub-lethal_Method.xls”) and genotoxicity (“a_InvID_genotoxicity_Method.xls”). Cytotoxicity and genotoxicity are amongst the endpoints which are frequently considered when evaluating metal oxide nanoparticles in cell-based in

Temperature-dependent breakdown of hydrogen peroxide-treated ZnO and TiO₂ nanoparticle agglomerates

• Sinan Sabuncu and
• Mustafa Çulha

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1897–1903, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.193

• Sinan Sabuncu Mustafa Culha Genetics and Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Yeditepe University, Istanbul 34755, Turkey 10.3762/bjnano.6.193 Abstract Metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) are used in a variety of applications including drug formulations, paint, sensors and biomedical

• individual nanoparticles. It was shown that the combined effect of hydroxylation and heating enhances the dispersion of ZnO and TiO2 NPs in water. Keywords: agglomeration; hydrogen peroxide; metal oxide nanoparticles; TiO2; ZnO; Introduction Dispersion of metal oxide nanoparticles (MONPs) in aqueous media

• in a solvent. The surface charge of a particle can vary with respect to the change in environment or any change in the surface chemistry. The proper treatment process of metal oxide NPs with H2O2 can reduce the activation energy of H2O2 resulting in the decomposition into H2O and O2, causing the

Predicting cytotoxicity of PAMAM dendrimers using molecular descriptors

• David E. Jones,
• Hamidreza Ghandehari and
• Julio C. Facelli

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1886–1896, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.192

• viability of seven different cell lines [4]. Sayes and Ivanov used machine learning to predict the induced cellular membrane damage of immortalized human lung epithelial cells caused by metal oxide nanomaterials [5]. As discussed in a previous paper [6], there are a very limited number of databases

NanoE-Tox: New and in-depth database concerning ecotoxicity of nanomaterials

• Katre Juganson,
• Angela Ivask,
• Irina Blinova,
• Monika Mortimer and
• Anne Kahru

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1788–1804, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.183

• reactive oxygen species and resulting induction of oxidative stress, and (iii) toxic effect of released ions from metal/metal oxide ENMs [13][25][28]. Analyses of the information in NanoE-Tox database (Table S2, Supporting Information File 1) revealed that the most often reported potential mechanism of

Nanotechnology in the real world: Redeveloping the nanomaterial consumer products inventory

• Marina E. Vance,
• Todd Kuiken,
• Eric P. Vejerano,
• Sean P. McGinnis,
• Michael F. Hochella Jr.,
• David Rejeski and
• Matthew S. Hull

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1769–1780, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.181

• advertising to contain metal and metal oxide nanomaterials, silicon-based nanomaterials (mostly SiO2 nanoparticles), and a variety of other nanomaterial components (organics, ceramics, polymers, clays, nanocellulose, liposomes, nano micelles, carnauba wax, etc.) have been growing in popularity. During the

• available for purchase by consumers, the largest group (42%) consists of metal and metal oxide nanomaterials. Metals and metal oxides were also the largest composition for surface-bound particles and those suspended in liquid products. The majority (67%) of products with nanostructured surfaces consist of

Influence of surface chemical properties on the toxicity of engineered zinc oxide nanoparticles to embryonic zebrafish

• Zitao Zhou,
• Jino Son,
• Bryan Harper,
• Zheng Zhou and
• Stacey Harper

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1568–1579, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.160

• particle as potential contributors to toxicity. However, this result depends on our assumption that the coating chemicals dominate the hydrophobicity of the metal oxide NP [22]. Even when surface chemistry is constant among ZnO NPs, differential particle morphology and variations in the suspension media

Possibilities and limitations of advanced transmission electron microscopy for carbon-based nanomaterials

• Xiaoxing Ke,
• Carla Bittencourt and
• Gustaaf Van Tendeloo

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1541–1557, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.158

• metal-oxide semiconductor) sensor up to 1600 fps [50]. The high sensitivity and fast acquisition in detecting has made possible the automated and ultra-fast acquisition of a series of under-exposed images from the same region. After drift correction, the images of such a sequence are stacked and can

Formation of pure Cu nanocrystals upon post-growth annealing of Cu–C material obtained from focused electron beam induced deposition: comparison of different methods

• Aleksandra Szkudlarek,
• Alfredo Rodrigues Vaz,
• Yucheng Zhang,
• Andrzej Rudkowski,
• Czesław Kapusta,
• Rolf Erni,
• Stanislav Moshkalev and
• Ivo Utke

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1508–1517, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.156

• [38]. The metal content could be then increased by two sequential purification steps: 1) deposit bombardment with atomic oxygen 2) deposit bombardment with atomic hydrogen. In the first step the carbonaceous material was fully removed from the material and in the next step the metal oxide was reduced

Transformations of PTCDA structures on rutile TiO₂ induced by thermal annealing and intermolecular forces

• Szymon Godlewski,
• Jakub S. Prauzner-Bechcicki,
• Thilo Glatzel,
• Ernst Meyer and
• Marek Szymoński

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1498–1507, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.155

• example, titanium dioxide surfaces are exceptionally useful in various applications, including the catalysis, solar energy conversion, gas sensing and others [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. Merging two classes of materials, i.e., metal oxide surfaces with organic molecules, seems to be one of the most

• even more evident when combined materials, such as organic molecules adsorbed on a metal oxide surface, are examined. Thus, we have decided to perform our research on such a model system, comprising perylene-3,4,9,10-tetracarboxylic dianhydride (PTCDA) molecules adsorbed onto the (110) face of rutile

• analyse structures composed of PTCDA molecules with various experimental techniques [19][20][27]. With respect to the substrate of interest, the (110) face of the rutile titania is the most often studied surface of TiO2 [14][15][16]. Thus, it is quite often recognized as the exemplary transition metal

Using natural language processing techniques to inform research on nanotechnology

• Nastassja A. Lewinski and
• Bridget T. McInnes

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1439–1449, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.149

• Interactions (NBI) knowledge base. The NBI includes data on the mortality, delayed development and morphological malformations of embryonic zebrafish due to the toxicity of various nanomaterials including metal nanoparticles, dendrimer, metal oxide and polymeric materials [40]. Java Applets were used to

The Kirkendall effect and nanoscience: hollow nanospheres and nanotubes

• Abdel-Aziz El Mel,
• Ryusuke Nakamura and
• Carla Bittencourt

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1348–1361, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.139

• then agglomerate into a single void at the Ni/NiO interface on one side of the nanoparticle (Figure 5a–d) instead of being distributed along the metal/metal oxide interface as observed in the case of the symmetrical conversion mechanism during the oxidation of Cu nanospheres (Figure 5e). As the

• [15][63]. Among these materials, a preference was shown for metal oxide nanotubes due to the simplicity of oxidation of metals at ambient air conditions, as compared to sulfidation and selenization, where the use of toxic gases such as H2S and H2Se is required. On the basis of the large number of

• on the outer skin of the metal nanowire resulting in the formation of a thin layer of metal oxide (Figure 9a). After the formation of a metal/metal oxide core/shell nanowire, the metal ions diffuse outward through the oxide layer until reaching the outer surface. Simultaneously, the oxygen adsorbed

From lithium to sodium: cell chemistry of room temperature sodium–air and sodium–sulfur batteries

• Philipp Adelhelm,
• Pascal Hartmann,
• Conrad L. Bender,
• Martin Busche,
• Christine Eufinger and
• Juergen Janek

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 1016–1055, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.105

• ) are required. Hence, research focused on the preparation and characterization of catalytically active materials for Li/O2 cells is aimed at higher discharge capacities and lower overpotentials during cycling. Various metal oxide materials, mostly manganese oxides (MnO2, Mn3O4), but also others have

Effects of swift heavy ion irradiation on structural, optical and photocatalytic properties of ZnO–CuO nanocomposites prepared by carbothermal evaporation method

• Sini Kuriakose,
• D. K. Avasthi and
• Satyabrata Mohapatra

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 928–937, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.96

• ], biosensors [22] and photocatalysts [23][24][25]. Nanocomposites consisting of nanostructures of ZnO and other metal-oxide semiconductors are being widely studied due to their improved physicochemical properties as compared to the individual counterparts. CuO, a p-type narrow band gap semiconductor, is

• 1D and 2D metal-oxide semiconductor nanostructures with higher surface area for efficient adsorption of dye molecules and optimal defect concentration, crystallinity and band gap are important for developing advanced photocatalytic coatings. In this work, we demonstrate that swift heavy ion

Pt- and Pd-decorated MWCNTs for vapour and gas detection at room temperature

• Hamdi Baccar,
• Atef Thamri,
• Pierrick Clément,
• Eduard Llobet and
• Adnane Abdelghani

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 919–927, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.95

• , benzene, toluene, acetone, methanol and ethanol [21][22][23][24][25]. Instead of the typical functionalisation methods, it was possible to decorate the carbon nanotubes with various metal or metal oxide nanoparticles. These nanoparticles may show different reactivity to different chemical species, which

Morphological and structural characterization of single-crystal ZnO nanorod arrays on flexible and non-flexible substrates

• Omar F. Farhat,
• Mohd M. Halim,
• Mat J. Abdullah,
• Mohammed K. M. Ali and
• Nageh K. Allam

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2015, 6, 720–725, doi:10.3762/bjnano.6.73

• is currently perceived that nanoscale control of metal oxide architectures can be used to enhance their performance in these applications. In particular, zinc oxide (ZnO) can be considered the most important among all valve metal oxides. ZnO has been fabricated as nanowires, nanorods, nanoparticles