Rapid and sensitive detection of box turtles using an electrochemical DNA biosensor based on a gold/graphene nanocomposite

• Abu Hashem,
• M. A. Motalib Hossain,
• Ab Rahman Marlinda,
• Mohammad Al Mamun,
• Khanom Simarani and
• Mohd Rafie Johan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1458–1472, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.120

• the applications of impedance DNA hybridisation biosensors for the detection of a number of analytes [31][32][33][34]. Nanomaterials may significantly enhance biosensor performance, stability, repeatability, and sensitivity [35][36][37][38][39]. Among various nanomaterials, graphene (Gr) [40] and gold

• Gr/SPCE surface, which was then labelled as AuNPs/Gr/SPCE. Morphological and structural studies of nanomaterials The surface morphology of the nanoparticles and their nanocomposites were analysed using a field-emission scanning electron microscope (model SU8030 Hitachi, Japan), equipped with an

Recent trends in Bi-based nanomaterials: challenges, fabrication, enhancement techniques, and environmental applications

• Vishal Dutta,
• Ankush Chauhan,
• Ritesh Verma,
• C. Gopalkrishnan and
• Van-Huy Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1316–1336, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.109

• modification is crucial in photocatalysis. Bi-based photocatalytic nanomaterials have gotten much interest as they exhibit distinctive geometric shapes, flexible electronic structures, and good photocatalytic performance under visible light. They can be employed as stand-alone photocatalysts for pollution

• of Bi-based photocatalysts. Keywords: bismuth-based nanomaterials; environmental remediation; heterojunction formation; photocatalysis; Introduction Nanomaterials photocatalysis is a “green” integrative technique that combines physics, chemistry, and materials science with chemical engineering to

• makes up less than 5% of the absorbed solar radiation. Hence, developing photocatalysts that react to visible light is essential for photocatalysis since 43% of the total energy from the sun belongs to the visible spectrum [1][16]. Bi-based nanomaterials are photocatalysts that respond to visible light

Studies of probe tip materials by atomic force microscopy: a review

• Ke Xu and
• Yuzhe Liu

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1256–1267, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.104

• highly fluorescent gold-silver bimetallic nanomaterials with stable fluorescence properties by a simple one-pot method using thiol salts as ligands. TPN-AuAgNCs were synthesised using tiopronin (TPN) as ligand, and the clusters emitted strong red fluorescence with good burst selectivity for Fe3+ after Ag

• stabilize carbon nanotube fibers. Slattery et al. [41] prepared carbon nanotube probes by solvent evaporation or dielectrophoresis, the first time a solvent evaporation method was used. From the 13 probes produced using these methods, the CNT-modified nanomaterials showed very high aspect ratios and good

• . This direction has also developed concerning nanomaterials. Carbon nanotubes are compounded with related materials to produce probes, and the analytical performance of this type of probe is better than that of carbon nanotube probes alone. Nakabayashi et al. [44] proposed using amorphous carbon matrix

Design of surface nanostructures for chirality sensing based on quartz crystal microbalance

• Yinglin Ma,
• Xiangyun Xiao and
• Qingmin Ji

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1201–1219, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.100

• molecular handedness. Chiral modified carbons Carbon nanomaterials possess attractive features since they are low cost, capable to be produced in large-scale, and have good stability and bio-compatibility, which makes them an excellent candidate for sensing applications [147][148][149]. Some carbon

Application of nanoarchitectonics in moist-electric generation

• Jia-Cheng Feng and
• Hong Xia

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1185–1200, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.99

• improve the efficiency of energy harvesting in MEGs, and a considerable number of studies have focused on nanomaterials [9][21]. The generation of a flowing current through the injection of water flow into carbon nanotubes was one of the initial studies of MEGs [4][5][10][22][23]. Since then, more works

• have demonstrated the application of different materials and nanoarchitectonics in MEGs and further improved the performance of the MEGs. The importance and role of nanoarchitectonics have also been gradually verified in these studies. Nanomaterials can be divided into structural units, such as

• , photolithography, embossing, deposition, and sol–gel nanofabrication, all of which can provide high specific surface areas [19][24][25][26][27][28]. Nanomaterials can also be divided into inorganic nanomaterials and organic nanomaterials. In inorganic nanomaterials, metal nanomaterials and carbon nanomaterials

Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles toward highly efficient photocatalysis and antibacterial application

• Vo Thi Thu Nhu,
• Nguyen Duy Dat,
• Le-Minh Tam and
• Nguyen Hoang Phuong

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1108–1119, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.94

• alternative route is a promising method for synthesizing nanomaterials due to its rapid, low-cost protocol, and safety to the environment [18]. Numerous studies applied green methods for the synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles from plants, fruits, plant extracts, and seaweeds [19][20][21][22]. Rafaie et al. [23

Recent advances in green carbon dots (2015–2022): synthesis, metal ion sensing, and biological applications

• Aisha Kanwal,
• Naheed Bibi,
• Sajjad Hyder,
• Arif Muhammad,
• Hao Ren,
• Jiangtao Liu and
• Zhongli Lei

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1068–1107, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.93

• nanomaterials has proved to be useful for applications in a variety of disciplines, including chemical or biological sensing, bioimaging, drug delivery, photodynamic therapy, electrocatalysis, and photocatalysis, with advantages over commonly used semiconductor dots or conventional fluorescent probes such as

• environmentally friendly synthetic route for CDs from corn stalk shell [78]. This process transformed biomass, which was previously thought to be waste material, into carbon nanomaterials with tremendous potential. Another method for the synthesis of biocompatible fluorescent CDs from the extract of leaves of the

Biomimetic chitosan with biocomposite nanomaterials for bone tissue repair and regeneration

• Se-Kwon Kim,
• Sesha Subramanian Murugan,
• Pandurang Appana Dalavi,
• Sebanti Gupta,
• Sukumaran Anil,
• Gi Hun Seong and
• Jayachandran Venkatesan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1051–1067, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.92

• . The rough surface of the materials at the nanoscale helps cellular peptide adhesion for better stem cell growth and differentiation [12][13]. Nanomaterials have several advantages such as high surface area, increased mechanical strength, and induction of several important genes for bone tissue repair

• and regeneration [14]. Nanomaterials such as silver [15], gold [16][17], titanium oxide [18], zinc oxide [19][20], carbon nanotubes [21][22], graphene [23] and biosilica have been studied in terms of their osteogenic potential in stem cell differentiation. Chitosan materials are often combined with

• these nanomaterials to fabricate a scaffold that can potentially mimic the natural structure and function of the bones. The addition of nanomaterials to chitosan provides several advantages including the retaining of biological activities of nanomaterials and prevention of particle aggregation [24][25

Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction activity of AgCoCu oxides on reduced graphene oxide in alkaline media

• Iyyappan Madakannu,
• Indrajit Patil,
• Bhalchandra Kakade and
• Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 1020–1029, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.89

• Iyyappan Madakannu Indrajit Patil Bhalchandra Kakade Kasibhatta Kumara Ramanatha Datta Functional Nanomaterials Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur – 603203, Tamil Nadu, India Department of Chemistry

A nonenzymatic reduced graphene oxide-based nanosensor for parathion

• Sarani Sen,
• Anurag Roy,
• Ambarish Sanyal and
• Parukuttyamma Sujatha Devi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 730–744, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.65

• , selective, sensitive, and point-of-care (POC) analytical tools for monitoring environmental pollutants [2][11]. They can also detect residual OPs based on their electrocatalytic activity and affinity toward nanomaterials, such as nanoparticles, carbon nanomaterials, and metal oxides [11]. In a few reports

• , hybrid carbon nanomaterials such as ferrocene-thiophene modified by carbon nanotubes, zinc(II) phthalocyanine-boron dipyrromethene attached single-walled carbon nanotubes were used for the direct detection of pesticides [12][13][14][15]. So far, only limited electrochemical nanosensors modified by

• nanomaterials have been reported to detect PT [16][17]. However, their sensitivity and detection limit for quantifying trace amounts of PT in environmental samples are improved. The inherent electrochemical behavior of nitroaromatic OPs (e.g., paraoxon, parathion, and fenitrothion) exhibit well-defined redox

Antibacterial activity of a berberine nanoformulation

• Hue Thi Nguyen,
• Tuyet Nhung Pham,
• Anh-Tuan Le,
• Nguyen Thanh Thuy,
• Tran Quang Huy and
• Thuy Thi Thu Nguyen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 641–652, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.56

• : (1) Almost all drug-carrying nanomaterials have high cost, (2) the drug concentration of the encapsulated form is usually low, and (3) the toxicity risk of nanomaterials must be strictly controlled [32][33][34]. Most nanoformulations have relatively low drug loading (typically a few weight percent

Detection and imaging of Hg(II) in vivo using glutathione-functionalized gold nanoparticles

• Gufeng Li,
• Shaoqing Li,
• Rui Wang,
• Min Yang,
• Lizhu Zhang,
• Yanli Zhang,
• Wenrong Yang and
• Hongbin Wang

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 549–559, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.46

• may be due to the introduction of gold nanostructures. Previous studies showed that GNPs-GSH-Rh6G2 permeate well into cells [48][57][58]. Cytotoxicity studies of nanomaterials are important to determine the effects of different components of the nanostructure [59][60]. The cytotoxicity of GSH-Rh6G2

Zinc oxide nanostructures for fluorescence and Raman signal enhancement: a review

• Ioana Marica,
• Fran Nekvapil,
• Maria Ștefan,
• Cosmin Farcău and
• Alexandra Falamaș

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 472–490, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.40

• noble metal nanoparticles and the molecular fluorescence enhancement in the presence of ZnO alone and in combination with metal nanoparticles are also reviewed. Keywords: fluorescence; surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; ZnO–metal nanomaterials; ZnO nanostructures; Introduction Over the last decades

• , ZnO-based nanomaterials have been extensively used in the industry and investigated in various application fields such as optoelectronics, biomedicine, agriculture, food, and cosmetics [1][2][3]. The wide range of applications is due to the many promising features of ZnO nanoparticles (NPs), such as

• their wide bandgap energy (3.3–3.7 eV), strong luminescence [4][5], antibacterial properties, and UV-protection properties. Additionally, ZnO nanomaterials can be designed into various morphologies, such as nanoparticles, nanoneedles, nanorods, nanocages, nanocombs, and nanoflowers [5][6][7][8]. Hybrid

Micro- and nanotechnology in biomedical engineering for cartilage tissue regeneration in osteoarthritis

• Zahra Nabizadeh,
• Mahmoud Nasrollahzadeh,
• Hamed Daemi,
• Mohamadreza Baghaban Eslaminejad,
• Ali Akbar Shabani,
• Mehdi Dadashpour,
• Majid Mirmohammadkhani and
• Davood Nasrabadi

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 363–389, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.31

• . Nanomaterials are defined by the National Nanotechnology Initiative as manufactured or natural materials that have at least one dimension between 1 and 100 nm [33][34][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][44][45][46]. Nanomaterials are classified as metals, polymers, or ceramics according to their structure and

• the controlled and sustained release of KGN [71]. 3.1.2.2 Nanofibers. Nanofibers are a versatile class of nanomaterials characterized by two nanoscale dimensions and a third larger dimension (below 1000 nm) [33][101]. Their biomimetic properties and simplicity of fabrication make nanofibers potential

Alcohol-perturbed self-assembly of the tobacco mosaic virus coat protein

• Ismael Abu-Baker and
• Amy Szuchmacher Blum

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 355–362, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.30

• ; Introduction Bottom-up fabrication of nanomaterials with precise control over the spatial arrangement of components is of great interest in nanotechnology [1][2]. A promising approach to this issue is the use of templates based on self-assembling biological materials, such as nucleic acids and proteins [3][4

• particles at intermediate sizes. While TMV-cp is a promising template for nanomaterials, controlling the multiple assembly states can be challenging, especially when adding additional components with different stability requirements. Apart from adjusting pH and ionic strength, mutating the coat protein has

• , Supporting Information File 1). Stacked disks at high isopropyl alcohol concentrations were longer than at high methanol concentrations and showed large clusters in TEM. Conclusion The use of dipolar cosolvents to perturb the assembly of TMV-cp has potential applications for nanomaterials. Low concentrations

Coordination-assembled myricetin nanoarchitectonics for sustainably scavenging free radicals

• Xiaoyan Ma,
• Haoning Gong,
• Kenji Ogino,
• Xuehai Yan and
• Ruirui Xing

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 284–291, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.23

• used for effectively scavenging multiple ROS. Metal-based nanomaterials, such as CeO2 and Fe3O4, have been widely applied for antioxidant therapy [10]. In addition, bioactive small-molecule compounds, such as bilirubin and curcumin, and antioxidant peptides such as glutathione (GSH) and casein

• phosphopeptides, exhibited huge therapeutic potential in antioxidant treatments [11][12][13]. Nevertheless, a plenty of disadvantages restrict biomedical applications, namely low biocompatibility of the metal-based nanomaterials, low bioavailability of hydrophobic small-molecule compounds, and easy degradation of

Photothermal ablation of murine melanomas by Fe₃O₄ nanoparticle clusters

• Xue Wang,
• Lili Xuan and
• Ying Pan

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 255–264, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.20

• afterwards due to adverse effects or development of various resistance mechanisms, making the advent of novel strategies imperative for early diagnosis and efficient treatment [2]. Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a recently developed regimen that requires administration of nanomaterials with unique optical

Surfactant-free syntheses and pair distribution function analysis of osmium nanoparticles

• Mikkel Juelsholt,
• Jonathan Quinson,
• Emil T. S. Kjær,
• Baiyu Wang,
• Rebecca Pittkowski,
• Susan R. Cooper,
• Tiffany L. Kinnibrugh,
• Søren B. Simonsen,
• Luise Theil Kuhn,
• María Escudero-Escribano and
• Kirsten M. Ø. Jensen

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 230–235, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.17

• effect of the precursor (OsCl3 or H2OsCl6), precursor concentration (up to 100 mM), solvent (methanol or ethanol), presence or absence of a base (NaOH), and addition of water (0 to 100 vol %) on the resulting nanomaterials is discussed. It is found that no base is required to obtain Os nanoparticles as

• other precious metals [4][5], see Figure S1 in Supporting Information File 1, partly due to Os scarcity and because a highly toxic OsO4 compound can be easily formed. However, Os and Os-based complexes and nanomaterials have been reported [6][7][8][9] and studied for their catalytic, optical, and

• suitable platform to inspire future studies on the formation mechanism of Os-based nanomaterials in which their properties are further explored. TEM micrographs of Os NPs obtained using water (66 vol %) and methanol (33 vol %), no base, and 100 mM of (a) OsCl3 and (b) H2OsCl6 as precursors after a one-week

Engineered titania nanomaterials in advanced clinical applications

• Padmavati Sahare,
• Paulina Govea Alvarez,
• Juan Manual Sanchez Yanez,
• Gabriel Luna-Bárcenas,
• Samik Chakraborty,
• Sujay Paul and
• Miriam Estevez

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 201–218, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.15

• Engineering and Sciences, Campus Queretaro, Av. Epigmenio Gonzalez, No. 500 Fracc. San Pablo, CP 76130 Querétaro, Mexico 10.3762/bjnano.13.15 Abstract Significant advancement in the field of nanotechnology has raised the possibility of applying potent engineered biocompatible nanomaterials within biological

• , corrosion resistance, and low toxicity, titania nanomaterials have revolutionized therapeutic approaches. Additionally, titania provides an exceptional choice for developing innovative medical devices and the integration of functional moieties that can modulate the biological responses. Thus, the current

• review aims to present a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of TiO2-based nanotherapeutics and the corresponding future challenges. Keywords: clinical application; nanostructures; physicochemical; theranostics; titanium dioxide (TiO2); Introduction Nanomaterials can be described as any organic

A comprehensive review on electrospun nanohybrid membranes for wastewater treatment

• Senuri Kumarage,
• Imalka Munaweera and
• Nilwala Kottegoda

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 137–159, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.10

Tin dioxide nanomaterial-based photocatalysts for nitrogen oxide oxidation: a review

• Viet Van Pham,
• Hong-Huy Tran,
• Thao Kim Truong and
• Thi Minh Cao

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 96–113, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.7

• Thanh District, Ho Chi Minh City, 700000, Viet Nam 10.3762/bjnano.13.7 Abstract Semiconducting SnO2 photocatalyst nanomaterials are extensively used in energy and environmental research because of their outstanding physical and chemical properties. In recent years, nitrogen oxide (NOx) pollutants have

• review. Keywords: green products; nanomaterials; NO oxidation; photocatalysis; SnO2; Review Introduction A World Health Organization (WHO) report indicated that 4.2 million deaths every year occur due to exposure to ambient (outdoor) air pollution [1]. This number is much higher than the deaths from

• Many attempts have been made to enhance the photocatalytic activity and take better advantage of SnO2 for the NOx abatement, including the combination with other metal oxides [70], organic semiconductors [71], or metallic nanomaterials [72] to form a heterojunction/composite photocatalyst, and self

Theranostic potential of self-luminescent branched polyethyleneimine-coated superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles

• Rouhollah Khodadust,
• Ozlem Unal and
• Havva Yagci Acar

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 82–95, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.6

• theranostic nanomaterials, PAMAM and PEI were frequently coupled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) for drug/gene delivery combined with magnetic resonance imaging [31][32]. Usually, these systems were conjugated with other fluorescent tags for optical detection of nanoparticles in cells

Sputtering onto liquids: a critical review

• Anastasiya Sergievskaya,
• Adrien Chauvin and
• Stephanos Konstantinidis

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2022, 13, 10–53, doi:10.3762/bjnano.13.2

• means that these primary particles were not stabilized well enough [79][83]. Despite the fact that the colloidal synthesis of NPs has been actively studied for decades because of the growing interest in nanomaterials, the majority of synthetic protocols were found and optimized by empirical procedures

Identifying diverse metal oxide nanomaterials with lethal effects on embryonic zebrafish using machine learning

• Richard Liam Marchese Robinson,
• Haralambos Sarimveis,
• Philip Doganis,
• Xiaodong Jia,
• Marianna Kotzabasaki,
• Christiana Gousiadou,
• Stacey Lynn Harper and
• Terry Wilkins

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1297–1325, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.97

• , embryonic zebrafish (Danio Rerio) are recognised as a key human safety relevant in vivo test system. Hence, machine learning models were developed for identifying metal oxide nanomaterials causing lethality to embryonic zebrafish up to 24 hours post-fertilisation, or excess lethality in the period of 24–120

• hours post-fertilisation, at concentrations of 250 ppm or less. Models were developed using data from the Nanomaterial Biological-Interactions Knowledgebase for a dataset of 44 diverse, coated and uncoated metal or, in one case, metalloid oxide nanomaterials. Different modelling approaches were

• ; Introduction A variety of nanomaterial (NM)-enabled products have already been marketed [1][2] and there is considerable interest in the development of novel engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) for a variety of applications. Nanomedicine, including ENM-based therapeutic agents, nanocarriers (i.e., targeted drug

Enhancement of the piezoelectric coefficient in PVDF-TrFe/CoFe₂O₄ nanocomposites through DC magnetic poling

• Marco Fortunato,
• Alessio Tamburrano,
• Maria Paola Bracciale,
• Maria Laura Santarelli and
• Maria Sabrina Sarto

Beilstein J. Nanotechnol. 2021, 12, 1262–1270, doi:10.3762/bjnano.12.93

• Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy Department of Chemical Engineering Materials and Environment, Sapienza University of Rome, 00184 Rome, Italy 10.3762/bjnano.12.93 Abstract In the last years flexible, low-cost, wearable, and innovative piezoelectric nanomaterials have attracted considerable interest regarding